uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
474 rows where use_subcategory = 59 sorted by notes
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id | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes ▼ | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
42192 | Vaccinium ovalifolium Sm. 4082 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 97 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries preserved for future use. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 97 |
42333 | Vaccinium parvifolium Sm. 4085 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 101 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries preserved for future use. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 101 |
4517 | Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. 347 | Blackfoot 23 | j87 146 | 49 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries preserved for later use. | Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 49 |
35008 | Rubus spectabilis Pursh 3470 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 113 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries preserved for winter use. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 113 |
42193 | Vaccinium ovalifolium Sm. 4082 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 99 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries preserved for winter use. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 99 |
42427 | Vaccinium uliginosum L. 4088 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 99 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries preserved for winter use. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 99 |
42463 | Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. 4089 | Tanana, Upper 255 | g74 172 | 28 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries preserved in caches. | Guedon, Marie-Francoise, 1974, People Of Tetlin, Why Are You Singing?, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 9, page 28 |
13094 | Empetrum nigrum ssp. hermaphroditum (Lange ex Hagerup) B”cher 1394 | Eskimo, Alaska 67 | aa80 152 | 37 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries preserved in seal oil for use in fall and winter. | Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 37 |
41996 | Vaccinium caespitosum Michx. 4071 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 102 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries sometimes canned. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 102 |
14903 | Fragaria vesca L. 1636 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 107 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries sometimes dried and at other times preserved for winter use. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 107 |
36497 | Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli 3565 | Chehalis 31 | g73 25 | 47 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47 |
36509 | Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli 3565 | Green River Group 81 | g73 25 | 47 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47 |
36532 | Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli 3565 | Klallam 114 | g73 25 | 47 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47 |
36538 | Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli 3565 | Lummi 129 | g73 25 | 47 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47 |
36586 | Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli 3565 | Quinault 210 | g73 25 | 47 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47 |
36590 | Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli 3565 | Skagit 241 | g73 25 | 47 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47 |
36594 | Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli 3565 | Squaxin 251 | g73 25 | 47 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47 |
36595 | Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli 3565 | Swinomish 253 | g73 25 | 47 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47 |
36859 | Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa 3569 | Chehalis 31 | g73 25 | 47 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47 |
36861 | Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa 3569 | Cowlitz 53 | g73 25 | 47 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47 |
36862 | Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa 3569 | Green River Group 81 | g73 25 | 47 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47 |
36885 | Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa 3569 | Klallam 114 | g73 25 | 47 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47 |
36889 | Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa 3569 | Makah 133 | g73 25 | 47 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47 |
36907 | Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa 3569 | Quileute 209 | g73 25 | 47 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47 |
36909 | Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa 3569 | Quinault 210 | g73 25 | 47 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47 |
36910 | Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa 3569 | Skagit 241 | g73 25 | 47 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47 |
36913 | Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa 3569 | Skokomish 243 | g73 25 | 47 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47 |
36914 | Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa 3569 | Snohomish 245 | g73 25 | 47 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47 |
36917 | Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa 3569 | Squaxin 251 | g73 25 | 47 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47 |
36918 | Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa 3569 | Swinomish 253 | g73 25 | 47 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47 |
42436 | Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. 4089 | Alaska Native 4 | h53 132 | 109 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries stored for future use. | Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 109 |
43059 | Viburnum edule (Michx.) Raf. 4130 | Kitasoo 112 | c93 14 | 329 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries stored for future use. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 329 |
36615 | Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli 3565 | Yokut 286 | m66 109 | 436 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries stored for winter use and cooked. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 436 |
30847 | Prunus virginiana L. 3181 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 127 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries stored for winter use. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 127 |
33456 | Ribes cynosbati L. 3367 | Menominee 138 | s23 51 | 71 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries stored for winter use. | Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 71 |
42222 | Vaccinium ovatum Pursh 4083 | Karok 105 | sg52 71 | 388 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries stored in baskets for future use. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388 |
4332 | Arctostaphylos alpina (L.) Spreng. 332 | Koyukon 118 | n83 158 | 55 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries stored in grease or oil and eaten with fish or meat. | Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 55 |
4592 | Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. 347 | Koyukon 118 | n83 158 | 55 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries stored in grease or oil and eaten with fish or meat. | Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 55 |
13075 | Empetrum nigrum L. 1393 | Eskimo, Inupiat 72 | j83 54 | 92 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries stored in seal oil, a seal skin poke or plastic bag for future use. | Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska. Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 92 |
4576 | Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. 347 | Eskimo, Inupiat 72 | j83 54 | 99 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries stored in seal oil, fish oil or rendered bear fat. | Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska. Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 99 |
42257 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Cree, Woodlands 58 | l85 47 | 47 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries stored outside during winter. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 47 |
42258 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Cree, Woodlands 58 | l85 47 | 47 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries stored outside during winter. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 47 |
43057 | Viburnum edule (Michx.) Raf. 4130 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 232 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries stored with oolichan grease in barrels for winter use. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 232 |
34385 | Rubus chamaemorus L. 3445 | Eskimo, Alaska 67 | aa80 152 | 36 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries stored with seal oil in barrels or sealskin pokes for winter use. | Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 36 |
18814 | Juniperus occidentalis Hook. 2059 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 47 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries stored without drying in a grass-lined hole in the ground for winter use. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 47 |
34322 | Rubus allegheniensis Porter 3438 | Meskwaki 139 | smith28 21 | 264 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries sun dried for winter use. | Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 264 |
34720 | Rubus occidentalis L. 3461 | Meskwaki 139 | smith28 21 | 264 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries sun dried for winter use. | Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 264 |
15007 | Fragaria virginiana Duchesne 1640 | Ojibwa 173 | ahj81 135 | 2220 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries used fresh or preserved. | Arnason, Thor, Richard J. Hebda and Timothy Johns, 1981, Use of Plants for Food and Medicine by Native Peoples of Eastern Canada, Canadian Journal of Botany 59(11):2189-2325, page 2220 |
34372 | Rubus canadensis L. 3444 | Ojibwa 173 | ahj81 135 | 2223 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries used preserved. | Arnason, Thor, Richard J. Hebda and Timothy Johns, 1981, Use of Plants for Food and Medicine by Native Peoples of Eastern Canada, Canadian Journal of Botany 59(11):2189-2325, page 2223 |
34722 | Rubus occidentalis L. 3461 | Ojibwa 173 | ahj81 135 | 2224 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries used preserved. | Arnason, Thor, Richard J. Hebda and Timothy Johns, 1981, Use of Plants for Food and Medicine by Native Peoples of Eastern Canada, Canadian Journal of Botany 59(11):2189-2325, page 2224 |
38580 | Sorbus sitchensis M. Roemer 3762 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 273 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries usually buried and kept fresh. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 273 |
36806 | Sambucus racemosa L. 3567 | Makah 133 | g83 3 | 318 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berry clusters placed in alder bark cones and submerged in cold creeks for storage. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 318 |
35215 | Rumex arcticus Trautv. 3483 | Eskimo, Alaska 67 | aa80 152 | 35 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Boiled leaves mixed with seal oil and preserved for months. | Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 35 |
44455 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Meskwaki 139 | smith28 21 | 257 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Boiled or parched corn stored for winter use. | Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 257 |
35592 | Sagittaria latifolia Willd. 3510 | Meskwaki 139 | smith28 21 | 254 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Boiled, sliced potatoes strung on a piece of basswood string and hung for winter supply. | Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 254 |
35601 | Sagittaria latifolia Willd. 3510 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 95 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Boiled, sliced potatoes strung on a string and hung for storage and winter use. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 95 |
35563 | Sagittaria cuneata Sheldon 3508 | Menominee 138 | s23 51 | 61 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Boiled, sliced potatoes strung on a string for winter use. | Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 61 |
7902 | Camassia scilloides (Raf.) Cory 701 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 9 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Bulbs baked in the ground by hot stones and dried for winter use. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 9 |
6568 | Asyneuma prenanthoides (Dur.) McVaugh 497 | Costanoan 50 | b84 16 | 254 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Bulbs eaten in winter and early spring. | Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 254 |
7900 | Camassia scilloides (Raf.) Cory 701 | Gosiute 79 | c11 38 | 364 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Bulbs formerly preserved for winter use. | Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 364 |
2262 | Allium sp. 160 | Costanoan 50 | b84 16 | 255 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Bulbs gathered in winter and used for food. | Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 255 |
7882 | Camassia quamash (Pursh) Greene 700 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 56 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Bulbs prepared, preserved in numerous ways and stored for winter use. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 56 |
2257 | Allium sp. 160 | Blackfoot 23 | j87 146 | 23 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Bulbs preserved for later use. | Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 23 |
2129 | Allium cernuum Roth 141 | Isleta 101 | j31 76 | 20 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Bulbs stored for future use. | Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 20 |
2264 | Allium sp. 160 | Hualapai 97 | w82 127 | 19 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Bulbs stored for winter use. | Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 19 |
7752 | Calochortus nuttallii Torr. & Gray 677 | Great Basin Indian 80 | n66 139 | 47 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Bulbs used for food during the winter. | Nickerson, Gifford S., 1966, Some Data on Plains and Great Basin Indian Uses of Certain Native Plants, Tebiwa 9(1):45-51, page 47 |
18227 | Juglans cinerea L. 2031 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 103 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Butternuts gathered for their edible quality and furnished a winter supply of food. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 103 |
40967 | Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg. 4043 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 180 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Cambium dried, pounded, served with oolichan grease and Pacific crabapples and used as winter food. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 180 |
30941 | Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr. 3182 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 84 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Chokecherries made into cakes for winter use. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 84 |
27364 | Pinus albicaulis Engelm. 2949 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 101 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Cooked, crushed seeds mixed with dried berries and preserved for winter use. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 101 |
43852 | Yucca baccata Torr. 4225 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 74 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Cooked, dried fruit stored for winter use. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 74 |
44119 | Yucca glauca Nutt. 4230 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 74 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Cooked, dried fruit stored for winter use. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 74 |
10138 | Claytonia lanceolata Pall. ex Pursh 1001 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 239 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Corms buried fresh in underground caches and stored for winter use. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 239 |
10132 | Claytonia lanceolata Pall. ex Pursh 1001 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 113 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Corms stored for future use. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 113 |
44433 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Isleta 101 | j31 76 | 46 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Corn meal used to make mush, dried and stored for winter use. | Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 46 |
2922 | Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer 204 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 100 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Crushed berries mixed with flour for winter storage. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 100 |
30919 | Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr. 3182 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 19 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Crushed, dried fruit strips stored for winter use. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19 |
6140 | Asclepias incarnata L. 434 | Menominee 138 | s23 51 | 62 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Cut, dried heads stored for winter use. | Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 62 |
20250 | Ligusticum scoticum ssp. hultenii (Fern.) Calder & Taylor 2182 | Eskimo, Alaska 67 | a39 167 | 715 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Cut, mixed with fish and boiled for winter use. | Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715 |
10057 | Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus 979 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 55 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Cut, peeled into strips and dried for winter use. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 55 |
4211 | Arbutus menziesii Pursh 322 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 161 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Dried berries stored for winter consumption, chewed but never swallowed. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 161 |
4407 | Arctostaphylos manzanita Parry 337 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 161 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Dried berries stored for winter consumption, chewed but never swallowed. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 161 |
4502 | Arctostaphylos tomentosa (Pursh) Lindl. 346 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 161 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Dried berries stored for winter consumption, chewed but never swallowed. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 161 |
4699 | Arctostaphylos viscida Parry 348 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 161 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Dried berries stored for winter consumption, chewed but never swallowed. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 161 |
2977 | Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer 204 | Klamath 115 | c97 66 | 97 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Dried berries stored for winter use. | Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 97 |
42059 | Vaccinium membranaceum Dougl. ex Torr. 4077 | Klamath 115 | c97 66 | 103 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Dried berries stored for winter use. | Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 103 |
6308 | Asclepias syriaca L. 446 | Meskwaki 139 | smith28 21 | 256 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Dried buds stored away in paper bags for winter use. | Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 256 |
2067 | Allium canadense L. 138 | Meskwaki 139 | smith28 21 | 262 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Dried bulb used for winter cookery. | Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 262 |
7720 | Calochortus gunnisonii S. Wats. 673 | Cheyenne 33 | g72 39 | 172 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Dried bulbs stored for winter use. | Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 172 |
6314 | Asclepias syriaca L. 446 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 397 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Dried flowers, freshened in the winter time, made into soup. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 397 |
33675 | Ribes oxyacanthoides ssp. setosum (Lindl.) Sinnott 3388 | Cheyenne 33 | g72 39 | 175 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Dried fruit formed into little cakes and used for winter food. | Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 175 |
30432 | Prunus gracilis Engelm. & Gray 3169 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 30 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Dried fruit stored for winter use, eaten uncooked or pounded and made into cakes. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 30 |
8536 | Castilleja sp. 797 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 153 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Dried seeds stored for winter use then parched, pounded and eaten dry. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 153 |
41528 | Ulmus rubra Muhl. 4052 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 23 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Dried, stored inner bark used to brew a 'tea' during the winter. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 23 |
44453 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Menominee 138 | s23 51 | 66 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Ears parboiled and the kernels sun dried for winter use. | Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 66 |
44506 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 101 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Elm bark bags, filled with corn or beans and peas, buried in the ground to keep for the winter. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 101 |
14766 | Ficus carica L. 1617 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 216 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fallen fruit ground, mixed with water into a thick paste, dried in sheets & eaten during the winter. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 216 |
21450 | Lycium pallidum Miers 2316 | Navajo 157 | steg41 119 | 222 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fresh berries soaked, boiled until tender, ground with clay and stored for winter use. | Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 222 |
16518 | Hedysarum boreale ssp. mackenziei (Richards.) Welsh 1811 | Tanana, Upper 255 | mckenn59 185 | 36 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fresh roots stored underground in brush lined caches for future use. | McKennan, Robert A., 1959, The Upper Tanana Indians, Yale University Publications in Anthropology, No. 55, page 36 |
22217 | Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. 2391 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 265 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fruit boiled and stored in the cooking water or oil for winter use. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 265 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );