uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
1,892 rows where use_subcategory = 52 sorted by notes descending
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id | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes ▲ | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
41304 | Typha latifolia L. 4049 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 57 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Young, fruiting heads boiled or roasted and eaten. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 57 |
6180 | Asclepias sp. 441 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 47 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Young fruits, after first removing the outer 'hairy' surface, cooked and eaten. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 47 |
35003 | Rubus spectabilis Pursh 3470 | Okanagon 176 | p52 55 | 38 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Yellow fruits used for food. | Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 38 |
35040 | Rubus spectabilis Pursh 3470 | Thompson 259 | p52 55 | 38 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Yellow fruits used for food. | Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 38 |
17000 | Heteromeles arbutifolia var. arbutifolia 1861 | Pomo 200 | g67 80 | 13 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Wilted, winnowed berries used for food. | Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 13 |
11399 | Crataegus douglasii var. douglasii 1124 | Sanpoil and Nespelem 226 | r32 44 | 103 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Whole berries eaten fresh or mashed in a mortar. | Ray, Verne F., 1932, The Sanpoil and Nespelem: Salishan Peoples of Northeastern Washington, University of Washington Publications in Anthropology, Vol. 5, page 103 |
4682 | Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. 347 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 211 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Washed berries fried in hot lard or salmon oil and used for food. The berries would crackle and pop 'just like popcorn.' They were the only berries prepared in this manner. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 211 |
12916 | Echinocereus triglochidiatus var. triglochidiatus 1364 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 42 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Tunas used for food. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 42 |
24797 | Opuntia sp. 2670 | Apache, Mescalero 12 | b74 52 | 38 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Tunas eaten fresh. | Basehart, Harry W., 1974, Apache Indians XII. Mescalero Apache Subsistence Patterns and Socio-Political Organization, New York. Garland Publishing Inc., page 38 |
42290 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 401 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | This was an important wild food. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 401 |
34548 | Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke 3454 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 410 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | This was a favorite fresh fruit. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 410 |
30549 | Prunus pumila L. 3174 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 409 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | This species was plentiful on sandy openings in the forest and the fruit gathered for food. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 409 |
36578 | Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli 3565 | Pomo, Kashaya 202 | gl80 40 | 42 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Tart berries eaten fresh in small quantities, canned or cooked for pie filling. | Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 42 |
42083 | Vaccinium membranaceum Dougl. ex Torr. 4077 | Thompson 259 | steed28 33 | 490 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Sweet berries eaten as a favorite food. | Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 490 |
42211 | Vaccinium ovalifolium Sm. 4082 | Thompson 259 | steed28 33 | 490 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Sweet berries eaten as a favorite food. | Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 490 |
2949 | Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer 204 | Cree, Woodlands 58 | l85 47 | 28 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Sun dried fruit eaten boiled or pounded into a pemmican. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 28 |
42117 | Vaccinium myrtilloides Michx. 4079 | Cree, Woodlands 58 | l85 47 | 63 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Sun dried berries boiled or pounded into pemmican and eaten. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 63 |
14912 | Fragaria vesca ssp. americana (Porter) Staudt 1637 | Chippewa 38 | gil33 15 | 132 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Strawberries considered an important part of the diet. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 132 |
14982 | Fragaria virginiana Duchesne 1640 | Chippewa 38 | gil33 15 | 132 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Strawberries considered an important part of the diet. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 132 |
24881 | Opuntia whipplei Engelm. & Bigelow 2674 | Zuni 291 | c35 19 | 36 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Spineless fruits eaten raw or stewed. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 36 |
21903 | Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt. 2374 | Clallam 41 | f80 99 | 197 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Sour berries used for food. | Fleisher, Mark S., 1980, The Ethnobotany of the Clallam Indians of Western Washington, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 14(2):192-210, page 197 |
21833 | Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. 2370 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 279 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Sour berries occasionally used for food. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 279 |
21908 | Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt. 2374 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 279 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Sour berries occasionally used for food. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 279 |
26708 | Physalis pubescens L. 2918 | Navajo 157 | l86 121 | 17 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Sour berries mixed with honey and eaten. | Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 17 |
33240 | Rhus trilobata Nutt. 3352 | Yokut 286 | m66 109 | 420 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Sour berries gathered and used for food. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 420 |
42138 | Vaccinium myrtillus var. oreophilum (Rydb.) Dorn 4081 | Thompson 259 | steed28 33 | 486 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Small, black berries eaten. | Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 486 |
34882 | Rubus pedatus Sm. 3465 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 272 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Small fruits rarely eaten. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 272 |
34023 | Rosa gymnocarpa Nutt. 3426 | Thompson 259 | steed28 33 | 488 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Small fruits occasionally eaten. | Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 488 |
39158 | Symphyotrichum dumosum var. dumosum 3862 | Tewa 257 | rhf16 61 | 49 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Small fruits eaten. | Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 49 |
22352 | Mammillaria dioica K. Brandeg. 2402 | Diegueno 65 | hedges86 85 | 25 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Small fruits eaten raw. | Hedges, Ken, 1986, Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany, San Diego Museum of Man Ethnic Technology Notes, No. 20, page 25 |
24711 | Opuntia leptocaulis DC. 2663 | Pima 193 | h08 174 | 261 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Small fruits eaten raw. | Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 261 |
33399 | Ribes californicum Hook. & Arn. 3362 | Pomo, Kashaya 202 | gl80 40 | 51 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Singed berries eaten whole. | Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 51 |
37801 | Shepherdia argentea (Pursh) Nutt. 3657 | Thompson 259 | steed28 33 | 489 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Scarlet, sour fruits eaten fresh. | Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 489 |
24865 | Opuntia sp. 2670 | Yavapai 284 | g36 48 | 257 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Salty fruit eaten only out of necessity and the seeds spat out. | Gifford, E. W., 1936, Northeastern and Western Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 34:247-345, page 257 |
33904 | Rosa acicularis Lindl. 3417 | Tanana, Upper 255 | g74 172 | 28 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Rose hips used for food. | Guedon, Marie-Francoise, 1974, People Of Tetlin, Why Are You Singing?, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 9, page 28 |
34204 | Rosa woodsii Lindl. 3434 | Lakota 125 | r80 108 | 57 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Rose hips used for food. | Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 57 |
33903 | Rosa acicularis Lindl. 3417 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 12 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Rose hips eaten raw or cooked with grease and sugar. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 12 |
34187 | Rosa sp. 3432 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 81 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Rose hips eaten fresh. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 81 |
34265 | Rosa woodsii var. woodsii 3436 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 46 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Rose hips eaten fresh. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 46 |
41128 | Typha domingensis Pers. 4048 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 208 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Ripe, fruiting heads eaten 'like corn.' | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 208 |
33355 | Ribes aureum Pursh 3359 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 78 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Ripe, crushed berries eaten with sugar. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 78 |
33468 | Ribes divaricatum Dougl. 3368 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 206 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Ripe, black berries used for food. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 206 |
44674 | Ziziphus obtusifolia var. canescens (Gray) M.C. Johnston 4258 | Pima 193 | c49 11 | 50 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Ripe, black berries eaten raw. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 50 |
24609 | Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck 2653 | Acoma 2 | c35 19 | 35 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Ripe tunas eaten fresh. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 35 |
24617 | Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck 2653 | Laguna 124 | c35 19 | 35 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Ripe tunas eaten fresh. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 35 |
24629 | Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck 2653 | San Felipe 222 | c35 19 | 35 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Ripe tunas eaten fresh. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 35 |
30243 | Prunus americana Marsh. 3160 | Crow 60 | b05 73 | 19 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Ripe plums used fresh. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19 |
21436 | Lycium pallidum Miers 2316 | Jemez 102 | c35 19 | 33 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Ripe or cooked berries used for food. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 33 |
10065 | Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus 979 | Cocopa 44 | giff33 178 | 266 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Ripe melon scooped with fingers and used for food. | Gifford, E. W., 1933, The Cocopa, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31:263-270, page 266 |
24825 | Opuntia sp. 2670 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 45 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Ripe fruits gathered in large quantities and used fresh in jams. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 45 |
12882 | Echinocereus engelmannii (Parry ex Engelm.) Lem. 1357 | Pima 193 | c49 11 | 57 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Ripe fruits freed from spines and eaten raw. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 57 |
43937 | Yucca baccata Torr. 4225 | San Felipe 222 | c35 19 | 54 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Ripe fruits eaten without preparation. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 54 |
8201 | Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose 757 | Pima 193 | r08 104 | 71 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Ripe fruits eaten raw. | Russell, Frank, 1908, The Pima Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #26:1-390, page 71 |
4399 | Arctostaphylos manzanita Parry 337 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 375 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Ripe fruits eaten raw or cooked. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 375 |
26668 | Physalis heterophylla Nees 2914 | Cheyenne 33 | h81 57 | 39 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Ripe fruits eaten in fall. | Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 39 |
8200 | Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose 757 | Pima 193 | c35 19 | 20 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Ripe fruits eaten fresh. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 20 |
22252 | Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. 2391 | Makah 133 | g83 3 | 268 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Ripe fruit used for food. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
28684 | Podophyllum peltatum L. 3033 | Cherokee 32 | perry75 86 | 32 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Ripe fruit used for food. | Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 32 |
34779 | Rubus parviflorus Nutt. 3463 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 105 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Ripe fruit used for food. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 105 |
24756 | Opuntia polyacantha Haw. 2667 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 17 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Ripe fruit eaten raw. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 17 |
25551 | Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch. 2757 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 6 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Ripe fruit collected and eaten like grapes. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 6 |
22016 | Mahonia repens (Lindl.) G. Don 2376 | Shuswap 233 | palmer75 92 | 59 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Ripe berries used for food. | Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 59 |
42227 | Vaccinium ovatum Pursh 4083 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 108 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Ripe berries used for food. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 108 |
22045 | Maianthemum dilatatum (Wood) A. Nels. & J.F. Macbr. 2379 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 199 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Ripe berries occasionally eaten by hunters and berry pickers. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 199 |
21922 | Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt. 2374 | Skagit 241 | g73 25 | 30 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Ripe berries formerly used for food. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30 |
22062 | Maianthemum racemosum ssp. amplexicaule (Nutt.) LaFrankie 2380 | Tewa 257 | rhf16 61 | 70 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Ripe berries eaten. | Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 70 |
11151 | Cornus unalaschkensis Ledeb. 1105 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 204 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Ripe berries eaten with sugar and grease. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 204 |
4417 | Arctostaphylos manzanita Parry 337 | Yuki 287 | c57ii 69 | 85 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Ripe berries eaten raw. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1957, Some Plants Used by the Yuki Indians ... II. Food Plants, The Masterkey 31:85-94, page 85 |
43368 | Vitis arizonica Engelm. 4171 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 190 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Ripe berries eaten raw. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 190 |
30971 | Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr. 3182 | Yuki 287 | c57ii 69 | 87 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Ripe berries cooked and eaten. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1957, Some Plants Used by the Yuki Indians ... II. Food Plants, The Masterkey 31:85-94, page 87 |
34651 | Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray 3457 | Thompson 259 | steed28 33 | 487 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Reddish-purple berries eaten. | Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 487 |
14395 | Escobaria missouriensis var. missouriensis 1570 | Crow 60 | b05 73 | 15 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Red, ripe fruit eaten. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 15 |
39507 | Taxus brevifolia Nutt. 3902 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 305 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Red, fleshy berries used for food. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 305 |
21419 | Lycium fremontii Gray 2315 | Pima 193 | h08 174 | 262 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Red berries cooked and eaten warm or cold with sugar. | Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 262 |
21418 | Lycium fremontii Gray 2315 | Pima 193 | r08 104 | 75 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Red berries boiled and eaten. | Russell, Frank, 1908, The Pima Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #26:1-390, page 75 |
33480 | Ribes divaricatum Dougl. 3368 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 69 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw, fresh berries eaten with oil. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 69 |
42232 | Vaccinium ovatum Pursh 4083 | Pomo 200 | g67 80 | 15 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw or stone boiled berries used for food. | Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 15 |
15673 | Gaultheria shallon Pursh 1703 | Pomo 200 | g67 80 | 14 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw or cooked berries used for food. | Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 14 |
33590 | Ribes laxiflorum Pursh 3376 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 69 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw or cooked berries eaten with oil or sugar. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 69 |
3126 | Amelanchier pallida Greene 212 | Costanoan 50 | b84 16 | 249 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw fruits used for food. | Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 249 |
14864 | Fragaria sp. 1635 | Costanoan 50 | b84 16 | 249 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw fruits used for food. | Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 249 |
34597 | Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray 3457 | Costanoan 50 | b84 16 | 250 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw fruits used for food. | Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 250 |
43375 | Vitis californica Benth. 4172 | Costanoan 50 | b84 16 | 251 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw fruits used for food. | Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 251 |
14800 | Forestiera pubescens var. pubescens 1626 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 44 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw fruits occasionally eaten as food. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 44 |
14925 | Fragaria vesca ssp. bracteata (Heller) Staudt 1638 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 44 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw fruits occasionally eaten as food. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 44 |
4485 | Arctostaphylos sp. 345 | Costanoan 50 | b84 16 | 252 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw fruit used for food. | Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 252 |
8248 | Carpobrotus chilensis (Molina) N.E. Br. 759 | Pomo 200 | g67 80 | 13 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw fruit used for food. | Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 13 |
12877 | Echinocereus coccineus Engelm. 1356 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 41 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw fruit used for food. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 41 |
12884 | Echinocereus engelmannii (Parry ex Engelm.) Lem. 1357 | Yavapai 284 | g36 48 | 256 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw fruit used for food. | Gifford, E. W., 1936, Northeastern and Western Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 34:247-345, page 256 |
12886 | Echinocereus engelmannii var. chrysocentrus (Engelm. & Bigelow) Rumpl. 1358 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 41 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw fruit used for food. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 41 |
12887 | Echinocereus fendleri (Engelm.) F. Seitz 1359 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 41 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw fruit used for food. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 41 |
12890 | Echinocereus polyacanthus Engelm. 1360 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 41 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw fruit used for food. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 41 |
12891 | Echinocereus rigidissimus (Engelm.) Haage f. 1361 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 41 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw fruit used for food. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 41 |
22354 | Mammillaria grahamii Engelm. 2403 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 41 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw fruit used for food. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 41 |
22355 | Mammillaria grahamii Engelm. 2403 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 41 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw fruit used for food. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 41 |
22360 | Mammillaria mainiae K. Brandeg. 2405 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 41 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw fruit used for food. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 41 |
24594 | Opuntia chlorotica Engelm. & Bigelow 2650 | Yavapai 284 | g36 48 | 257 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw fruit used for food. | Gifford, E. W., 1936, Northeastern and Western Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 34:247-345, page 257 |
24640 | Opuntia erinacea Engelm. & Bigelow ex Engelm. 2656 | Yavapai 284 | g36 48 | 257 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw fruit used for food. | Gifford, E. W., 1936, Northeastern and Western Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 34:247-345, page 257 |
26725 | Physalis subulata var. neomexicana (Rydb.) Waterfall ex Kartesz & Gandhi 2920 | Navajo 157 | steg41 119 | 222 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw fruit used for food. | Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 222 |
32058 | Quercus gambelii Nutt. 3263 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 42 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw fruit used for food. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 42 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );