uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
459 rows where use_subcategory = 2 sorted by id descending
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id ▲ | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
38283 | Solanum fendleri Gray ex Torr. 3721 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 42 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Plant dried, stored, ground into flour and used to make bread. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 42 |
38212 | Smilax laurifolia L. 3711 | Houma 96 | speck41 49 | 58 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Tuberous roots dried, ground into flour and used to make bread. | Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 58 |
38210 | Smilax laurifolia L. 3711 | Choctaw 39 | speck41 49 | 58 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Tuberous roots dried, ground into flour and used to make bread. | Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 58 |
38209 | Smilax laurifolia L. 3711 | Choctaw 39 | bd09 118 | 8 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Pounded roots made into cakes and fried in grease. | Bushnell, Jr., David I., 1909, The Choctaw of Bayou Lacomb, St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana, SI-BAE Bulletin #48, page 8 |
38171 | Smilax bona-nox L. 3707 | Houma 96 | speck41 49 | 58 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Tuberous roots dried, ground into flour and used to make bread. | Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 58 |
38167 | Smilax bona-nox L. 3707 | Choctaw 39 | speck41 49 | 58 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Tuberous roots dried, ground into flour and used to make bread. | Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 58 |
38054 | Simmondsia chinensis (Link) Schneid. 3688 | Cocopa 44 | cb51 125 | 188 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Kernels molded into oily cake, boiled and eaten. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 188 |
37921 | Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. 3658 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 209 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Soapberries dried on mats and formed into cakes. The berries were gathered in the summer, but were not hand picked because they were too soft. A clean mat was placed underneath the bush, then a branch laden with fruit was held and hit with a stick until the fruit fell off. The ripe berries were then placed in a basket, heated with hot rocks and spread out on mats or on a layer of 'timbergrass' set on a scaffolding and allowed to dry. A small fire was lit beneath so that the smoke would drive away the flies. The dried soapberry cakes were then broken off, placed in a birch bark basket with water and 'swished' with a whisk of maple bark tied to a stick. The mixture was originally sweetened with the 'white' variety of saskatoon berries that were dried and soaked in water to reconstitute them. More recently, sugar was added to the whip to sweeten it. The sweetened froth was served in small containers, first to the men and then to the women, as a sort of dessert or confection. It was said that the soapberries must never come into contact with grease or oil or the berries would not whip. One informant said that special containers were used for the preparation of soapberries, not for cooking or any other purpose, so that the berries could be kept free of grease. It was said that pregnant women should never eat the soapberry whip. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 209 |
37531 | Scirpus sp. 3614 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 139 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Pollen used to make cakes. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 139 |
36801 | Sambucus racemosa L. 3567 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 280 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries pit steamed, dried over fire into cakes and eaten at noon. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 280 |
36796 | Sambucus racemosa L. 3567 | Kitasoo 112 | c93 14 | 329 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit cooked, dried into cakes, stored, reconstituted and eaten. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 329 |
36713 | Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli 3566 | Iroquois 100 | w16 112 | 128 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128 |
36496 | Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli 3565 | Atsugewi 19 | g53 129 | 139 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Mashed berries mixed with manzanita flour and stored in dried cakes. | Garth, Thomas R., 1953, Atsugewi Ethnography, Anthropological Records 14(2):140-141, page 139 |
35612 | Salicornia maritima Wolff & Jefferies 3512 | Gosiute 79 | c11 38 | 380 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds ground into a meal and used to make a 'sweet bread.' | Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 380 |
35538 | Sabal minor (Jacq.) Pers. 3502 | Houma 96 | speck41 49 | 55 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fresh root slices baked and eaten as bread. | Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 55 |
35413 | Rumex hymenosepalus Torr. 3487 | Pima 193 | c49 11 | 51 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds formerly roasted, ground, added to water to form flat cakes, baked and eaten. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 51 |
35327 | Rumex crispus L. 3485 | Paiute, Northern 185 | f89 50 | 48 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds soaked in water, ground into a doughy flour and baked in the sand. | Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 48 |
35080 | Rubus ursinus Cham. & Schlecht. 3472 | Salish, Coast 217 | tb71 23 | 88 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries mashed, dried in cakes, placed in hot water and used for food. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 88 |
34950 | Rubus spectabilis Pursh 3470 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 209 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries cooked, dried in cakes and used for food. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 209 |
34899 | Rubus pubescens var. pubescens 3468 | Iroquois 100 | w16 112 | 127 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127 |
34850 | Rubus parviflorus Nutt. 3463 | Salish, Coast 217 | tb71 23 | 87 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries dried into cakes and used for food. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 87 |
34791 | Rubus parviflorus Nutt. 3463 | Haisla 86 | c93 14 | 276 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries used to make dried berry cakes for winter use. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 276 |
34769 | Rubus odoratus L. 3462 | Iroquois 100 | w16 112 | 127 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127 |
34706 | Rubus occidentalis L. 3461 | Iroquois 100 | p10 107 | 95 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruits dried, soaked in water and used in bread. | Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 95 |
34705 | Rubus occidentalis L. 3461 | Iroquois 100 | w16 112 | 127 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127 |
34640 | Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray 3457 | Salish, Coast 217 | tb71 23 | 87 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries mashed, dried in rectangular frames and cakes used as a winter food. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 87 |
34589 | Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray 3457 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 209 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries formerly dried in cakes and used for food. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 209 |
34534 | Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke 3454 | Iroquois 100 | w16 112 | 127 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127 |
34522 | Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke 3454 | Chippewa 38 | d28 4 | 321 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries cooked, spread on birch bark into little cakes, dried and stored for winter use. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 321 |
34509 | Rubus idaeus L. 3453 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 269 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit steamed, dried and made into a cake. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 269 |
34424 | Rubus frondosus Bigelow 3449 | Chippewa 38 | d28 4 | 321 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries cooked, spread on birch bark into little cakes, dried and stored for winter use. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 321 |
34366 | Rubus canadensis L. 3444 | Iroquois 100 | w16 112 | 127 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127 |
34358 | Rubus arizonensis Focke 3443 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 44 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit pressed into pulpy cakes, dried and stored. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 44 |
33776 | Ribes wolfii Rothrock 3402 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 44 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit ground, dried and pressed into cakes for storage. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 44 |
33757 | Ribes triste Pallas 3397 | Iroquois 100 | w16 112 | 128 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128 |
33751 | Ribes triste Pallas 3397 | Chippewa 38 | d28 4 | 321 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries cooked, spread on birch bark into little cakes, dried and stored for winter use. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 321 |
33713 | Ribes sanguineum Pursh 3394 | Salish, Coast 217 | tb71 23 | 84 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries boiled, dried into rectangular cakes and used as a winter food. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 84 |
33677 | Ribes pinetorum Greene 3389 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 44 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit ground and compressed into cakes for winter use. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 44 |
33660 | Ribes oxyacanthoides ssp. irriguum (Dougl.) Sinnott 3386 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 107 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries, alone or mixed with other berries, used to make cakes. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 107 |
33625 | Ribes lobbii Gray 3378 | Salish, Coast 217 | tb71 23 | 84 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries boiled, dried into rectangular cakes and used as a winter food. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 84 |
33605 | Ribes leptanthum Gray 3377 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 44 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit made into cakes for use during winter. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 44 |
33569 | Ribes lacustre (Pers.) Poir. 3375 | Salish, Coast 217 | tb71 23 | 84 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries boiled, dried into rectangular cakes and used as a winter food. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 84 |
33518 | Ribes hudsonianum Richards. 3371 | Salish, Coast 217 | tb71 23 | 84 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries boiled, dried into rectangular cakes and used as a winter food. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 84 |
33494 | Ribes divaricatum Dougl. 3368 | Salish, Coast 217 | tb71 23 | 84 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries boiled, dried into rectangular cakes and used as a winter food. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 84 |
33392 | Ribes bracteosum Dougl. ex Hook. 3361 | Salish, Coast 217 | tb71 23 | 84 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries boiled, dried into rectangular cakes and used as a winter food. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 84 |
33347 | Ribes aureum Pursh 3359 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 106 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Dried berries mixed with other berries and made into cakes. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 106 |
33322 | Ribes americanum P. Mill. 3358 | Iroquois 100 | w16 112 | 128 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128 |
33187 | Rhus trilobata Nutt. 3352 | Navajo 157 | steg41 119 | 222 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries used to make cakes. | Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 222 |
32664 | Ranunculus californicus Benth. 3303 | Neeshenam 160 | p74 81 | 377 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds parched, ground into flour and used to make bread. | Powers, Stephen, 1874, Aboriginal Botany, Proceedings of the California Academy of Science 5:373-9., page 377 |
32610 | Quercus ?pauciloba Rydb. (pro sp.) [gambelii ? turbinella] 3250 | Apache, White Mountain 15 | r29 45 | 148 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns ground into flour and used to make bread. | Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 148 |
32602 | Quercus wislizeni var. frutescens Engelm. 3296 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 56 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns made into a fine meal, cooked into a mush and allowed to stand and harden into a 'cake.' | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 56 |
32591 | Quercus wislizeni A. DC. 3295 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 142 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns ground into a meal and used to make bread and biscuits. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 142 |
32523 | Quercus turbinella Greene 3292 | Hualapai 97 | w82 127 | 11 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns used to make bread. | Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 11 |
32487 | Quercus sp. 3289 | Round Valley Indian 214 | c02 89 | 333 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Nuts dried, cracked, pulverized, water added and the dough made into bread. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 333 |
32455 | Quercus sp. 3289 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 142 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns ground into a meal and used to make bread and biscuits. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 142 |
32447 | Quercus sp. 3289 | Iroquois 100 | p10 107 | 99 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fresh nut meats crushed and mixed with bread. | Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 99 |
32432 | Quercus sp. 3289 | Concow 49 | c02 89 | 333 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns made into bread and eaten. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 333 |
32271 | Quercus lobata N‚e 3272 | Yuki 287 | c57ii 69 | 89 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Nut meats pounded into fine meal, winnowed and made into bread. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1957, Some Plants Used by the Yuki Indians ... II. Food Plants, The Masterkey 31:85-94, page 89 |
32262 | Quercus lobata N‚e 3272 | Pomo 200 | b52 96 | 67 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns used to make white and black bread. | Barrett, S. A., 1952, Material Aspects of Pomo Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 20, page 67 |
32261 | Quercus lobata N‚e 3272 | Pomo 200 | m66 109 | 290 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns used to make bread. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 290 |
32257 | Quercus lobata N‚e 3272 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 142 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns ground into a meal and used to make bread and biscuits. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 142 |
32253 | Quercus lobata N‚e 3272 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 343 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Large acorns used to make bread. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 343 |
32248 | Quercus lobata N‚e 3272 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 56 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns made into a fine meal, cooked into a mush and allowed to stand and harden into a 'cake.' | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 56 |
32239 | Quercus kelloggii Newberry 3270 | Yuki 287 | c57ii 69 | 89 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Nut meats pounded into fine meal, winnowed and made into bread. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1957, Some Plants Used by the Yuki Indians ... II. Food Plants, The Masterkey 31:85-94, page 89 |
32232 | Quercus kelloggii Newberry 3270 | Shasta 230 | h46 149 | 308 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns pounded, winnowed, leached and made into bread. | Holt, Catharine, 1946, Shasta Ethnography, Anthropological Records 3(4):308, page 308 |
32223 | Quercus kelloggii Newberry 3270 | Pomo 200 | b52 96 | 67 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns used to make white bread. | Barrett, S. A., 1952, Material Aspects of Pomo Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 20, page 67 |
32222 | Quercus kelloggii Newberry 3270 | Pomo 200 | m66 109 | 290 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns used to make bread. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 290 |
32212 | Quercus kelloggii Newberry 3270 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 142 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns ground into a meal and used to make bread and biscuits. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 142 |
32208 | Quercus kelloggii Newberry 3270 | Mewuk 140 | m66 109 | 327 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns used to make bread. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 327 |
32205 | Quercus kelloggii Newberry 3270 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 342 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns used to make bread. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 342 |
32195 | Quercus kelloggii Newberry 3270 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 56 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns made into a fine meal, cooked into a mush and allowed to stand and harden into a 'cake.' | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 56 |
32180 | Quercus kelloggii Newberry 3270 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 121 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns ground into a fine meal and used to make bread. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 121 |
32149 | Quercus garryana var. semota Jepson 3266 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 56 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns made into a fine meal, cooked into a mush and allowed to stand and harden into a 'cake.' | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 56 |
32143 | Quercus garryana Dougl. ex Hook. 3265 | Shasta 230 | h46 149 | 308 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns pounded, winnowed, leached and made into bread. | Holt, Catharine, 1946, Shasta Ethnography, Anthropological Records 3(4):308, page 308 |
32136 | Quercus garryana Dougl. ex Hook. 3265 | Pomo 200 | m66 109 | 290 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns used to make bread. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 290 |
32131 | Quercus garryana Dougl. ex Hook. 3265 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 343 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns used to make bread. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 343 |
32094 | Quercus gambelii Nutt. 3263 | Neeshenam 160 | p74 81 | 374 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns ground into flour, soaked in water and baked to make a bread. | Powers, Stephen, 1874, Aboriginal Botany, Proceedings of the California Academy of Science 5:373-9., page 374 |
32008 | Quercus dumosa Nutt. 3257 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 56 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns made into a fine meal, cooked into a mush and allowed to stand and harden into a 'cake.' | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 56 |
31992 | Quercus dumosa Nutt. 3257 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 121 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns ground into a fine meal and used to make bread. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 121 |
31987 | Quercus douglasii Hook. & Arn. 3256 | Yana 282 | ss43 181 | 249 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorn flour used to make bread. | Sapir, Edward and Leslie Spier, 1943, Notes on the Culture of the Yana, Anthropological Records 3(3):252-253, page 249 |
31981 | Quercus douglasii Hook. & Arn. 3256 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 142 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns ground into a meal and used to make bread and biscuits. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 142 |
31978 | Quercus douglasii Hook. & Arn. 3256 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 342 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Thick acorns used to make bread. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 342 |
31970 | Quercus douglasii Hook. & Arn. 3256 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 56 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns made into a fine meal, cooked into a mush and allowed to stand and harden into a 'cake.' | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 56 |
31958 | Quercus chrysolepis Liebm. 3255 | Shasta 230 | h46 149 | 308 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns pounded, winnowed, leached and made into bread. | Holt, Catharine, 1946, Shasta Ethnography, Anthropological Records 3(4):308, page 308 |
31956 | Quercus chrysolepis Liebm. 3255 | Pomo 200 | m66 109 | 290 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns used to make bread. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 290 |
31946 | Quercus chrysolepis Liebm. 3255 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 56 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns made into a fine meal, cooked into a mush and allowed to stand and harden into a 'cake.' | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 56 |
31930 | Quercus chrysolepis Liebm. 3255 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 121 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns ground into a fine meal and used to make bread. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 121 |
31835 | Quercus agrifolia N‚e 3251 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 121 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns ground into a fine meal and used to make bread. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 121 |
31823 | Pyrus communis L. 3247 | Iroquois 100 | w16 112 | 129 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129 |
31493 | Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn 3214 | Salish, Coast 217 | tb71 23 | 69 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Rhizomes pounded into flour and baked to make bread. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 69 |
31034 | Prunus virginiana var. virginiana 3184 | Ponca 205 | g19 17 | 88 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit and pits pounded to a pulp, formed into small cakes, sun dried and stored for winter use. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 88 |
31028 | Prunus virginiana var. virginiana 3184 | Pawnee 190 | g19 17 | 88 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit and pits pounded to a pulp, formed into small cakes, sun dried and stored for winter use. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 88 |
31023 | Prunus virginiana var. virginiana 3184 | Omaha 177 | g19 17 | 88 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit and pits pounded to a pulp, formed into small cakes, sun dried and stored for winter use. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 88 |
31018 | Prunus virginiana var. virginiana 3184 | Dakota 61 | g19 17 | 88 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit and pits pounded to a pulp, formed into small cakes, sun dried and stored for winter use. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 88 |
31011 | Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. 3183 | Sanpoil and Nespelem 226 | r32 44 | 101 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries mashed, mixed with dried salmon into a pemmican, formed into cakes, dried and stored. | Ray, Verne F., 1932, The Sanpoil and Nespelem: Salishan Peoples of Northeastern Washington, University of Washington Publications in Anthropology, Vol. 5, page 101 |
31001 | Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. 3183 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 31 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit ground and made into small cakes. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 31 |
30975 | Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. 3183 | Apache 10 | rhf16 61 | 47 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries ground and meal made into sweet, blackish cakes. | Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 47 |
30943 | Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr. 3182 | Paiute, Northern 185 | f89 50 | 49 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries mashed, made into round cakes and eaten dry. | Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 49 |
30845 | Prunus virginiana L. 3181 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 127 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries mashed, seeds and all, and sun dried into thin cakes. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 127 |
30819 | Prunus virginiana L. 3181 | Montana Indian 151 | h92 30 | 42 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries pulverized, shaped into round cakes, sun dried and stored for winter use. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 42 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );