uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
459 rows where use_subcategory = 2 sorted by tribe descending
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id | species | tribe ▲ | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
40823 | Triticum aestivum L. 4037 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 38 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Used for making native breads. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 38 |
2035 | Allium anceps Kellogg 133 | Paiute, Northern 185 | f89 50 | 44 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Bulbs cooked on hot rocks, squeezed into cakes and eaten. | Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 44 |
27865 | Pinus monophylla Torr. & Fr‚m. 2965 | Paiute, Northern 185 | f89 50 | 51 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Nuts roasted, winnowed, dried, ground into a meal, made into a stiff flour dough and eaten. | Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 51 |
30943 | Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr. 3182 | Paiute, Northern 185 | f89 50 | 49 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries mashed, made into round cakes and eaten dry. | Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 49 |
35327 | Rumex crispus L. 3485 | Paiute, Northern 185 | f89 50 | 48 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds soaked in water, ground into a doughy flour and baked in the sand. | Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 48 |
41143 | Typha domingensis Pers. 4048 | Paiute, Northern 185 | f90 117 | 69 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Dried rhizomes ground into flour, made into mush and the mush used to make cakes. | Fowler, Catherine S., 1990, Tule Technology: Northern Paiute Uses of Marsh Resources in Western Nevada, Washington, D.C. Smithsonian Institution Press, page 69 |
41144 | Typha domingensis Pers. 4048 | Paiute, Northern 185 | f90 117 | 69 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Pollen mixed with water, kneaded, formed into cakes and baked. | Fowler, Catherine S., 1990, Tule Technology: Northern Paiute Uses of Marsh Resources in Western Nevada, Washington, D.C. Smithsonian Institution Press, page 69 |
41145 | Typha domingensis Pers. 4048 | Paiute, Northern 185 | f89 50 | 48 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds gathered into a dough, kneaded, made into flat cakes and roasted under hot coals. | Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 48 |
41146 | Typha domingensis Pers. 4048 | Paiute, Northern 185 | f89 50 | 48 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds roasted, winnowed, ground into fine flour, boiled, made into round cakes and sun dried. | Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 48 |
41327 | Typha latifolia L. 4049 | Paiute, Northern 185 | f90 117 | 69 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Dried rhizomes ground into flour, made into mush and the mush used to make cakes. | Fowler, Catherine S., 1990, Tule Technology: Northern Paiute Uses of Marsh Resources in Western Nevada, Washington, D.C. Smithsonian Institution Press, page 69 |
41328 | Typha latifolia L. 4049 | Paiute, Northern 185 | f90 117 | 69 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Pollen mixed with water, kneaded, formed into cakes and baked. | Fowler, Catherine S., 1990, Tule Technology: Northern Paiute Uses of Marsh Resources in Western Nevada, Washington, D.C. Smithsonian Institution Press, page 69 |
41329 | Typha latifolia L. 4049 | Paiute, Northern 185 | f89 50 | 48 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds gathered into a dough, kneaded, made into flat cakes and roasted under hot coals. | Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 48 |
41330 | Typha latifolia L. 4049 | Paiute, Northern 185 | f89 50 | 48 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds roasted, winnowed, ground into fine flour, boiled, made into round cakes and sun dried. | Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 48 |
20752 | Lomatium canbyi (Coult. & Rose) Coult. & Rose 2233 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 94 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Peeled, mashed roots formed into cakes and allowed to dry, 'Indian bread.' | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 94 |
29705 | Porphyra abbottae Krishnamurthy 3108 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 47 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Whole plant formed into flat sheets, pressed in boxes, dried and made into cakes. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 47 |
31023 | Prunus virginiana var. virginiana 3184 | Omaha 177 | g19 17 | 88 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit and pits pounded to a pulp, formed into small cakes, sun dried and stored for winter use. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 88 |
3015 | Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer 204 | Okanagon 176 | p52 55 | 38 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries pressed into cakes and used for food. | Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 38 |
15667 | Gaultheria shallon Pursh 1703 | Okanagon 176 | p52 55 | 39 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruits pressed into cakes and used as a winter food. | Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39 |
11362 | Crataegus douglasii Lindl. 1123 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 124 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries mashed and dried into thin, hard cakes. Sometimes the cakes were decorated. The dried cakes were eaten as a snack on winter evenings and were used as crackers to dip into deer marrow soup to soak up the fat. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 124 |
11395 | Crataegus douglasii var. douglasii 1124 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 123 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries mashed and formed into cakes, dried and eaten like cookies. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 123 |
20267 | Lilium columbianum hort. ex Baker 2184 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 46 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Bulbs dried into cakes and stored for winter use. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 46 |
30845 | Prunus virginiana L. 3181 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 127 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries mashed, seeds and all, and sun dried into thin cakes. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 127 |
33347 | Ribes aureum Pursh 3359 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 106 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Dried berries mixed with other berries and made into cakes. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 106 |
33660 | Ribes oxyacanthoides ssp. irriguum (Dougl.) Sinnott 3386 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 107 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries, alone or mixed with other berries, used to make cakes. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 107 |
44641 | Zizania aquatica L. 4254 | Ojibwa 173 | r28 8 | 246 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds used to make gem cakes, duck stuffing and fowl stuffing. | Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 246 |
4408 | Arctostaphylos manzanita Parry 337 | Numlaki 170 | c02 89 | 375 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruits made into bread and eaten. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 375 |
7383 | Blennosperma nanum (Hook.) Blake 593 | Neeshenam 160 | p74 81 | 377 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds parched, ground into flour and used to make bread. | Powers, Stephen, 1874, Aboriginal Botany, Proceedings of the California Academy of Science 5:373-9., page 377 |
7579 | Bromus carinatus Hook. & Arn. 634 | Neeshenam 160 | p74 81 | 377 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds parched, ground into flour and used to make bread. | Powers, Stephen, 1874, Aboriginal Botany, Proceedings of the California Academy of Science 5:373-9., page 377 |
21789 | Madia sp. 2365 | Neeshenam 160 | p74 81 | 377 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds parched, ground into flour and used to make bread. | Powers, Stephen, 1874, Aboriginal Botany, Proceedings of the California Academy of Science 5:373-9., page 377 |
32094 | Quercus gambelii Nutt. 3263 | Neeshenam 160 | p74 81 | 374 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns ground into flour, soaked in water and baked to make a bread. | Powers, Stephen, 1874, Aboriginal Botany, Proceedings of the California Academy of Science 5:373-9., page 374 |
32664 | Ranunculus californicus Benth. 3303 | Neeshenam 160 | p74 81 | 377 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds parched, ground into flour and used to make bread. | Powers, Stephen, 1874, Aboriginal Botany, Proceedings of the California Academy of Science 5:373-9., page 377 |
2824 | Amaranthus retroflexus L. 193 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 26 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds winnowed, ground with maize, made into bread and used as a ceremonial food in Nightway. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 26 |
9413 | Chenopodium album L. 894 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 24 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds winnowed, ground with maize, made into bread and used as a ceremonial food in Nightway. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 24 |
9513 | Chenopodium incanum (S. Wats.) Heller 902 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 25 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds winnowed, ground with maize, made into bread and used as a ceremonial food in Nightway. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 25 |
12355 | Descurainia pinnata (Walt.) Britt. 1271 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 28 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Ground seeds used to make cakes. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 28 |
12393 | Descurainia sophia (L.) Webb ex Prantl 1274 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 28 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Ground seeds used to make cakes. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 28 |
31001 | Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. 3183 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 31 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit ground and made into small cakes. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 31 |
43902 | Yucca baccata Torr. 4225 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 21 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit molded into foot long rolls. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 21 |
1135 | Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth 46 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 26 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Ground seeds made into cakes. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 26 |
1136 | Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth 46 | Navajo 157 | steg41 119 | 223 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds ground and made into bread and dumplings. | Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 223 |
2816 | Amaranthus retroflexus L. 193 | Navajo 157 | steg41 119 | 222 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds ground, boiled, mixed with corn flour and made into dumplings. | Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 222 |
5037 | Artemisia carruthii Wood ex Carruth. 393 | Navajo 157 | steg41 119 | 223 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds ground and made into bread and dumplings. | Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 223 |
9497 | Chenopodium fremontii S. Wats. 899 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 44 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds used to make tortillas and bread. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 44 |
9556 | Chenopodium sp. 910 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 44 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds used to make bread. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 44 |
10313 | Cleome serrulata Pursh 1026 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 50 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Dried leaves and meat or tallow used to make dumplings. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 50 |
11778 | Cupressus sp. 1171 | Navajo 157 | l86 121 | 22 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries ground into a meal and mixed with bread dough. | Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 22 |
11779 | Cupressus sp. 1171 | Navajo 157 | l86 121 | 22 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Leaf ash mixed with breads. | Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 22 |
16597 | Helianthus annuus L. 1821 | Navajo 157 | steg41 119 | 223 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds ground and made into bread and dumplings. | Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 223 |
16598 | Helianthus annuus L. 1821 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 87 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds mixed with corn, ground into a meal and made into cakes. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 87 |
24725 | Opuntia phaeacantha Engelm. 2665 | Navajo 157 | l86 121 | 14 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Pad pulp formed into cakes, dried, stored for later use and fried or roasted. | Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 14 |
27611 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Navajo 157 | l86 121 | 21 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Ground nuts formed into cakes. | Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 21 |
33187 | Rhus trilobata Nutt. 3352 | Navajo 157 | steg41 119 | 222 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries used to make cakes. | Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 222 |
38775 | Sporobolus contractus A.S. Hitchc. 3805 | Navajo 157 | steg41 119 | 223 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds used to make bread. | Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 223 |
38786 | Sporobolus cryptandrus (Torr.) Gray 3806 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 26 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds ground to make dumplings, rolls, griddle cakes and tortillas. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 26 |
43867 | Yucca baccata Torr. 4225 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 32 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Baked or dried fruits ground, made into small cakes and roasted again. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 32 |
43868 | Yucca baccata Torr. 4225 | Navajo 157 | bc41 58 | 20 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Pulp made into cakes, dried and stored for winter use. | Bell, Willis H and Edward F. Castetter, 1941, Ethnobiological Studies in the Southwest VII. The Utilization of of Yucca, Sotol and Beargrass by the Aborigines in the American Southwest, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5(5):1-74, page 20 |
43869 | Yucca baccata Torr. 4225 | Navajo 157 | c35 19 | 54 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Ripe fruits dried, ground, kneaded into small cakes and slightly roasted. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 54 |
44462 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 27 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Corn and juniper ash used to make bread and dumplings. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27 |
44463 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 30 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Sweet corn meal and herb roots made into cakes and baked in a pit. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 30 |
2991 | Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer 204 | Montana Indian 151 | h92 30 | 9 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruits sun dried, pounded, formed into patties and stored for winter use. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 9 |
7868 | Camassia quamash (Pursh) Greene 700 | Montana Indian 151 | h92 30 | 14 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Oven baked bulbs squeezed into little cakes or pulverized, formed into round loaves and stored. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 14 |
16592 | Helianthus annuus L. 1821 | Montana Indian 151 | h92 30 | 30 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds dried, powdered and grease added to make cakes. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 30 |
20755 | Lomatium cous (S. Wats.) Coult. & Rose 2234 | Montana Indian 151 | h92 30 | 26 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Roots pulverized, moistened, partially baked and made into different sized cakes. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 26 |
25734 | Pediomelum esculentum (Pursh) Rydb. 2783 | Montana Indian 151 | h92 30 | 61 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Roots dried, mashed and used to make cakes or breads. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 61 |
30819 | Prunus virginiana L. 3181 | Montana Indian 151 | h92 30 | 42 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries pulverized, shaped into round cakes, sun dried and stored for winter use. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 42 |
41034 | Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg. 4043 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 25 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Cambium made into a coarse bread. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25 |
42060 | Vaccinium membranaceum Dougl. ex Torr. 4077 | Montana Indian 151 | h92 30 | 63 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries used to make pancakes and muffins. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 63 |
24353 | Olneya tesota Gray 2633 | Mohave 147 | cb51 125 | 187 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds parched, ground lightly, roasted and the meal made into thin loaves and baked. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 187 |
29990 | Prosopis glandulosa var. glandulosa 3154 | Mohave 147 | s65 196 | 46 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Dried bean pods ground into a meal and used to make cakes. | Stewart, Kenneth M., 1965, Mohave Indian Gathering of Wild Plants, Kiva 31(1):46-53, page 46 |
31981 | Quercus douglasii Hook. & Arn. 3256 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 142 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns ground into a meal and used to make bread and biscuits. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 142 |
32212 | Quercus kelloggii Newberry 3270 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 142 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns ground into a meal and used to make bread and biscuits. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 142 |
32257 | Quercus lobata N‚e 3272 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 142 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns ground into a meal and used to make bread and biscuits. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 142 |
32455 | Quercus sp. 3289 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 142 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns ground into a meal and used to make bread and biscuits. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 142 |
32591 | Quercus wislizeni A. DC. 3295 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 142 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns ground into a meal and used to make bread and biscuits. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 142 |
32208 | Quercus kelloggii Newberry 3270 | Mewuk 140 | m66 109 | 327 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns used to make bread. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 327 |
13265 | Epilobium densiflorum (Lindl.) Hoch & Raven 1415 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 370 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds used to make bread. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 370 |
31978 | Quercus douglasii Hook. & Arn. 3256 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 342 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Thick acorns used to make bread. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 342 |
32131 | Quercus garryana Dougl. ex Hook. 3265 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 343 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns used to make bread. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 343 |
32205 | Quercus kelloggii Newberry 3270 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 342 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns used to make bread. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 342 |
32253 | Quercus lobata N‚e 3272 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 343 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Large acorns used to make bread. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 343 |
41639 | Umbellularia californica (Hook. & Arn.) Nutt. 4056 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 349 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Nuts roasted, shelled, pounded into a small mass and molded into 'bread.' | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 349 |
15643 | Gaultheria shallon Pursh 1703 | Makah 133 | g73 25 | 43 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries mashed, dried, made into cakes, dipped in whale or seal oil and eaten. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43 |
15644 | Gaultheria shallon Pursh 1703 | Makah 133 | g83 3 | 299 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries mashed, formed into cakes and sun or air dried for winter use. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 299 |
42176 | Vaccinium ovalifolium Sm. 4082 | Makah 133 | g83 3 | 305 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit dried into cakes and stored for future use. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 305 |
42177 | Vaccinium ovalifolium Sm. 4082 | Makah 133 | g83 3 | 304 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit formed into cakes, dried and stored for future use. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 304 |
42225 | Vaccinium ovatum Pursh 4083 | Makah 133 | g83 3 | 306 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit dried into cakes and stored for future use. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 306 |
42390 | Vaccinium sp. 4087 | Makah 133 | g83 3 | 310 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries formerly dried into cakes. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 310 |
29986 | Prosopis glandulosa var. glandulosa 3154 | Mahuna 131 | r54 5 | 57 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Bean pods ground into flour and used to make cakes and tarts. | Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 57 |
43859 | Yucca baccata Torr. 4225 | Laguna 124 | c35 19 | 54 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruits baked, boiled, dried, rolled into loaves and stored for winter use. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 54 |
29724 | Porphyra sp. 3112 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 262 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Plants allowed to rot, shaped into cakes, sun dried and eaten with dried salmon at feasts. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 262 |
36801 | Sambucus racemosa L. 3567 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 280 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries pit steamed, dried over fire into cakes and eaten at noon. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 280 |
24099 | Nuphar lutea ssp. polysepala (Engelm.) E.O. Beal 2596 | Klamath 115 | c97 66 | 96 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Ground seeds used for bread. | Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 96 |
15637 | Gaultheria shallon Pursh 1703 | Klallam 114 | g73 25 | 43 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries mashed, dried, made into cakes, dipped in whale or seal oil and eaten. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43 |
29703 | Porphyra abbottae Krishnamurthy 3108 | Kitasoo 112 | c93 14 | 304 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Plant pressed into boxes to form compressed cakes, dried and stored for future use. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 304 |
36796 | Sambucus racemosa L. 3567 | Kitasoo 112 | c93 14 | 329 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit cooked, dried into cakes, stored, reconstituted and eaten. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 329 |
42003 | Vaccinium caespitosum var. caespitosum 4072 | Kitasoo 112 | c93 14 | 335 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries dried into cakes and eaten. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 335 |
42008 | Vaccinium caespitosum var. paludicola (Camp) Hult‚n 4073 | Kitasoo 112 | c93 14 | 335 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries dried into cakes and eaten. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 335 |
42167 | Vaccinium ovalifolium Sm. 4082 | Kitasoo 112 | c93 14 | 334 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries dried into cakes and eaten. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 334 |
42168 | Vaccinium ovalifolium Sm. 4082 | Kitasoo 112 | c93 14 | 335 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries dried into cakes and eaten. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 335 |
42422 | Vaccinium uliginosum L. 4088 | Kitasoo 112 | c93 14 | 335 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries dried into cakes and eaten. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 335 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );