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Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
id | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3522 | 265 | 5 | 130 | 427 | 2 | 69 | Leaves used to make a tonic for colds. | Bank, II, Theodore P., 1953, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands II. Health and Medical Lore of the Aleuts, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 427 |
5861 | 411 | 5 | 130 | 427 | 2 | 69 | Decoction of leaves taken as a tonic, especially good 'for dying persons.' | Bank, II, Theodore P., 1953, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands II. Health and Medical Lore of the Aleuts, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 427 |
15885 | 1732 | 5 | 130 | 427 | 2 | 69 | Decoction of root taken as a tonic. | Bank, II, Theodore P., 1953, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands II. Health and Medical Lore of the Aleuts, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 427 |
22471 | 2423 | 5 | 130 | 426 | 2 | 69 | Plant used to make a tonic. | Bank, II, Theodore P., 1953, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands II. Health and Medical Lore of the Aleuts, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 426 |
22946 | 2462 | 5 | 130 | 427 | 2 | 69 | Roots used as a powerful ingredient in a tonic. | Bank, II, Theodore P., 1953, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands II. Health and Medical Lore of the Aleuts, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 427 |
28387 | 3000 | 5 | 130 | 428 | 2 | 69 | Decoction of root taken as a tonic. | Bank, II, Theodore P., 1953, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands II. Health and Medical Lore of the Aleuts, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 428 |
28905 | 3058 | 5 | 193 | 263 | 2 | 69 | Root used as a tonic. | Veniamenov, I., 1840, Notes on the Islands in the Unalaska District, St. Petersburg -- Translated by HRAF, page 263 |
19763 | 2125 | 7 | 67 | 214 | 2 | 69 | Infusion of plant used as a tonic. | Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 214 |
36934 | 3572 | 7 | 67 | 171 | 2 | 69 | Rhizomes used to make a medicinal tonic. | Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 171 |
38530 | 3758 | 7 | 67 | 177 | 2 | 69 | Infusion of inner bark and sweet flag used as a tonic. | Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 177 |
18149 | 2023 | 17 | 139 | 48 | 2 | 69 | Infusion of resinous roots used as a general tonic. | Nickerson, Gifford S., 1966, Some Data on Plains and Great Basin Indian Uses of Certain Native Plants, Tebiwa 9(1):45-51, page 48 |
18150 | 2023 | 17 | 111 | 40 | 2 | 69 | Infusion of root used as a tonic. | Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, page 40 |
15934 | 1738 | 23 | 146 | 38 | 2 | 69 | Leaves dried, crushed, mixed with other medicines and used as a tonic. | Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 38 |
19082 | 2063 | 23 | 26 | 83 | 2 | 69 | Infusion of roots used as a general tonic. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 83 |
20816 | 2237 | 23 | 42 | 274 | 2 | 69 | Root used to make a drink taken as a tonic for 'people in a weakened condition.' | McClintock, Walter, 1909, Medizinal- Und Nutzpflanzen Der Schwarzfuss Indianer, Zeitschriff fur Ethnologie 41:273-9, page 274 |
21557 | 2333 | 23 | 26 | 67 | 2 | 69 | Infusion of plant used as a general tonic for children. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 67 |
15074 | 1645 | 24 | 31 | 131 | 2 | 69 | Infusion of berries taken as a tonic. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 131 |
19641 | 2102 | 24 | 31 | 83 | 2 | 69 | Infusion of stems and leaves mixed with honey and used as a general health tonic before breakfast. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 83 |
1432 | 60 | 32 | 1 | 30 | 2 | 69 | Used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 30 |
1876 | 98 | 32 | 1 | 56 | 2 | 69 | Root used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 56 |
1980 | 126 | 32 | 1 | 57 | 2 | 69 | Tonic used for child bed fever and to strengthen womb. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 57 |
3092 | 208 | 32 | 1 | 54 | 2 | 69 | Compound infusion taken as a spring tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 54 |
3644 | 282 | 32 | 1 | 32 | 2 | 69 | Used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 32 |
4095 | 319 | 32 | 1 | 57 | 2 | 69 | Infusion of roots and berries taken as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 57 |
4174 | 321 | 32 | 1 | 31, 32 | 2 | 69 | Used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 31, 32 |
4889 | 374 | 32 | 1 | 55 | 2 | 69 | Used as a tonic for typhus fevers. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 55 |
4919 | 377 | 32 | 1 | 39 | 2 | 69 | Used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 39 |
7474 | 617 | 32 | 1 | 46 | 2 | 69 | Taken as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
7488 | 618 | 32 | 1 | 46 | 2 | 69 | Taken as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
9831 | 940 | 32 | 1 | 29 | 2 | 69 | Infusion of root used as a tonic for nerves. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 29 |
9899 | 947 | 32 | 1 | 49 | 2 | 69 | Used to make a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49 |
10765 | 1088 | 32 | 1 | 32 | 2 | 69 | Root bark used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 32 |
10884 | 1093 | 32 | 1 | 32 | 2 | 69 | Root bark used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 32 |
11767 | 1168 | 32 | 1 | 32 | 2 | 69 | Used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 32 |
14420 | 1574 | 32 | 1 | 38 | 2 | 69 | Used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38 |
14454 | 1579 | 32 | 1 | 41, 42 | 2 | 69 | Infusion of root used as a tonic during pregnancy. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 41, 42 |
14484 | 1580 | 32 | 1 | 26 | 2 | 69 | Used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 26 |
14545 | 1581 | 32 | 1 | 38 | 2 | 69 | Used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38 |
14554 | 1582 | 32 | 1 | 41, 42 | 2 | 69 | Root used for 'female problems' and infusion of root used as a tonic during pregnancy. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 41, 42 |
14774 | 1619 | 32 | 1 | 33 | 2 | 69 | Used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 33 |
15154 | 1651 | 32 | 1 | 30 | 2 | 69 | Root used as tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 30 |
15781 | 1719 | 32 | 1 | 35 | 2 | 69 | Root used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 35 |
17507 | 1928 | 32 | 1 | 36 | 2 | 69 | Used as a tonic and wash for local inflammations. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 36 |
20351 | 2198 | 32 | 1 | 56 | 2 | 69 | Used for 'white swellings' and infusion taken as a spring tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 56 |
22572 | 2437 | 32 | 1 | 24 | 2 | 69 | Used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 24 |
23644 | 2574 | 32 | 1 | 28 | 2 | 69 | Infusion of leaf used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 28 |
24893 | 2676 | 32 | 1 | 55 | 2 | 69 | Taken as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 55 |
25083 | 2700 | 32 | 1 | 33 | 2 | 69 | Cooked fronds eaten as 'spring tonic.' | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 33 |
25346 | 2733 | 32 | 1 | 36 | 2 | 69 | Root used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 36 |
28815 | 3048 | 32 | 1 | 56 | 2 | 69 | Root used as a mild tonic for 'general debility.' | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 56 |
31443 | 3214 | 32 | 1 | 33 | 2 | 69 | Root used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 33 |
31870 | 3253 | 32 | 1 | 46 | 2 | 69 | Bark used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
32047 | 3262 | 32 | 1 | 46 | 2 | 69 | Bark used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
32171 | 3269 | 32 | 1 | 46 | 2 | 69 | Bark used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
32358 | 3285 | 32 | 1 | 46 | 2 | 69 | Bark used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
32502 | 3290 | 32 | 1 | 46 | 2 | 69 | Bark used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
32539 | 3293 | 32 | 1 | 46 | 2 | 69 | Bark used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
34290 | 3438 | 32 | 1 | 26 | 2 | 69 | Used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 26 |
34353 | 3442 | 32 | 1 | 26 | 2 | 69 | Used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 26 |
34417 | 3448 | 32 | 1 | 26 | 2 | 69 | Used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 26 |
34463 | 3453 | 32 | 1 | 52 | 2 | 69 | Infusion taken as a tonic for boils. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 52 |
34682 | 3461 | 32 | 1 | 52 | 2 | 69 | Infusion taken as a tonic for boils. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 52 |
34749 | 3462 | 32 | 1 | 52 | 2 | 69 | Infusion taken as a tonic for boils. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 52 |
35053 | 3471 | 32 | 1 | 26 | 2 | 69 | Used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 26 |
35636 | 3517 | 32 | 1 | 61 | 2 | 69 | Bark used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 61 |
35877 | 3532 | 32 | 1 | 61 | 2 | 69 | Bark used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 61 |
36002 | 3542 | 32 | 1 | 61 | 2 | 69 | Bark used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 61 |
36347 | 3515 | 32 | 1 | 61 | 2 | 69 | Bark used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 61 |
38070 | 3689 | 32 | 1 | 46 | 2 | 69 | Taken as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
38208 | 3711 | 32 | 1 | 24 | 2 | 69 | Root bark astringent and slightly tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 24 |
38452 | 3740 | 32 | 1 | 36 | 2 | 69 | Used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 36 |
39295 | 3892 | 32 | 1 | 58 | 2 | 69 | Taken as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 58 |
42866 | 4108 | 32 | 1 | 60 | 2 | 69 | Taken as a general or breast complaint tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 60 |
42977 | 4127 | 32 | 1 | 31 | 2 | 69 | Used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 31 |
43013 | 4128 | 32 | 1 | 62 | 2 | 69 | Root bark taken as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 62 |
43123 | 4133 | 32 | 1 | 62 | 2 | 69 | Root bark used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 62 |
43174 | 4136 | 32 | 1 | 62 | 2 | 69 | Root bark taken as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 62 |
43258 | 4151 | 32 | 1 | 60 | 2 | 69 | Infusion taken as spring tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 60 |
43271 | 4156 | 32 | 1 | 60 | 2 | 69 | Infusion taken as spring tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 60 |
43286 | 4160 | 32 | 1 | 60 | 2 | 69 | Infusion taken as spring tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 60 |
43300 | 4162 | 32 | 1 | 60 | 2 | 69 | Infusion taken as spring tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 60 |
43311 | 4165 | 32 | 1 | 60 | 2 | 69 | Infusion taken as spring tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 60 |
43332 | 4149 | 32 | 1 | 60 | 2 | 69 | Infusion taken as spring tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 60 |
43344 | 4169 | 32 | 1 | 37 | 2 | 69 | Taken as a 'fall tonic.' | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 37 |
43430 | 4176 | 32 | 1 | 37 | 2 | 69 | Taken as a 'fall tonic.' | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 37 |
43474 | 4184 | 32 | 1 | 37 | 2 | 69 | Taken as a 'fall tonic.' | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 37 |
43695 | 4213 | 32 | 1 | 62 | 2 | 69 | Taken as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 62 |
20823 | 2237 | 33 | 39 | 182 | 2 | 69 | Infusion of dried, powdered roots taken as a tonic. | Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 182 |
20824 | 2237 | 33 | 39 | 182 | 2 | 69 | Infusion of pulverized stems and leaves used as a tonic. | Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 182 |
17030 | 1865 | 35 | 138 | 286287 | 2 | 69 | Root used as a tonic. | Campbell, T.N., 1951, Medicinal Plants Used by Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Creek Indians in the Early Nineteenth Century, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41(9):285-290, page 286287 |
5258 | 397 | 38 | 4 | 364 | 2 | 69 | Compound infusion or decoction of root taken as a tonic. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 364 |
6489 | 472 | 38 | 4 | 364 | 2 | 69 | Compound decoction of root taken as a tonic. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 364 |
15319 | 1661 | 38 | 4 | 364 | 2 | 69 | Decoction of inner bark taken as a tonic. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 364 |
15591 | 1702 | 38 | 15 | 138 | 2 | 69 | Decoction of plants taken as spring and fall tonic to keep blood in good order. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 138 |
19734 | 2116 | 38 | 4 | 364 | 2 | 69 | Decoction of root taken as a tonic. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 364 |
28791 | 3046 | 38 | 4 | 336 | 2 | 69 | Compound decoction of root or dried root alone taken as a tonic. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 336 |
33940 | 3419 | 38 | 4 | 364 | 2 | 69 | Compound decoction of root taken as a tonic. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 364 |
38483 | 3746 | 38 | 4 | 364 | 2 | 69 | Decoction of root and stalk taken as a tonic. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 364 |
1888 | 99 | 39 | 138 | 288 | 2 | 69 | Used as a 'warming stimulant and tonic.' | Campbell, T.N., 1951, Medicinal Plants Used by Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Creek Indians in the Early Nineteenth Century, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41(9):285-290, page 288 |
8830 | 832 | 39 | 138 | 287 | 2 | 69 | Root bark and bark used as a tonic. | Campbell, T.N., 1951, Medicinal Plants Used by Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Creek Indians in the Early Nineteenth Century, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41(9):285-290, page 287 |
14323 | 1558 | 39 | 118 | 23 | 2 | 69 | Decoction of leaves taken as a general tonic. | Bushnell, Jr., David I., 1909, The Choctaw of Bayou Lacomb, St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana, SI-BAE Bulletin #48, page 23 |