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Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
id | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3673 | 284 | 1 | 84 | 156 | 3 | 32 | Used to make containers. | Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 156 |
7143 | 580 | 1 | 84 | 164 | 3 | 32 | Bark used to wrap and store wood for a year. | Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 164 |
36113 | 3551 | 1 | 84 | 156 | 3 | 32 | Used to make containers. | Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 156 |
26171 | 2840 | 4 | 132 | 41 | 3 | 32 | Large, mature leaves used to cover berries and other greens stored in kegs for winter use. | Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 41 |
7150 | 580 | 8 | 113 | 119 | 3 | 32 | Bark used to make canoes, baskets and containers. | Raymond, Marcel., 1945, Notes Ethnobotaniques Sur Les Tete-De-Boule De Manouan, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:113-134, page 119 |
43788 | 4225 | 10 | 58 | 51 | 3 | 32 | Thick portion of stalk used as hearth when making fire. | Bell, Willis H and Edward F. Castetter, 1941, Ethnobiological Studies in the Southwest VII. The Utilization of of Yucca, Sotol and Beargrass by the Aborigines in the American Southwest, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5(5):1-74, page 51 |
2684 | 179 | 11 | 95 | 36 | 3 | 32 | Moist grass laid onto hot stones to prevent steam from escaping. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 36 |
3292 | 240 | 11 | 95 | 40 | 3 | 32 | Grass used under fruit when drying. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 40 |
3293 | 240 | 11 | 95 | 36 | 3 | 32 | Moist grass laid onto hot stones to prevent steam from escaping. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 36 |
3294 | 240 | 11 | 95 | 39 | 3 | 32 | Used to cover fruit and allow ripening. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 39 |
7419 | 606 | 11 | 95 | 36 | 3 | 32 | Moist grass laid onto hot stones to prevent steam from escaping. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 36 |
23518 | 2540 | 11 | 95 | 36 | 3 | 32 | Moist grass laid onto hot stones to prevent steam from escaping. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 36 |
23546 | 2545 | 11 | 95 | 36 | 3 | 32 | Moist grass laid onto hot stones to prevent steam from escaping. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 36 |
24003 | 2590 | 11 | 95 | 36 | 3 | 32 | Moist grass laid onto hot stones to prevent steam from escaping. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 36 |
37352 | 3599 | 11 | 95 | 36 | 3 | 32 | Moist grass laid onto hot stones to prevent steam from escaping. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 36 |
38769 | 3804 | 11 | 95 | 36 | 3 | 32 | Moist grass laid onto hot stones to prevent steam from escaping. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 36 |
8148 | 757 | 14 | 87 | 178 | 3 | 32 | Burls used as containers. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 178 |
35923 | 3535 | 15 | 45 | 150 | 3 | 32 | Withes used to make baskets and water jugs. | Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 150 |
21588 | 2337 | 21 | 53 | 198 | 3 | 32 | Large leaves folded and used as berry containers. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 198 |
23695 | 2576 | 21 | 53 | 195 | 3 | 32 | Used to store eulachon grease. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 195 |
30336 | 3166 | 21 | 53 | 209 | 3 | 32 | Bark formerly used for wrapping implements. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 209 |
441 | 23 | 23 | 26 | 107 | 3 | 32 | Bark used to make paint containers. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 107 |
30722 | 3181 | 23 | 26 | 119 | 3 | 32 | Hard wood used to make incense tongs. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 119 |
36133 | 3551 | 23 | 146 | 32 | 3 | 32 | Wood used to make the top and bottom hoop of buckets, basins and other containers. | Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 32 |
17298 | 1901 | 25 | 111 | 59 | 3 | 32 | Root fibers used to make bags. | Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, page 59 |
1629 | 74 | 32 | 1 | 27 | 3 | 32 | Wood used to make dough trays. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 27 |
8275 | 762 | 32 | 1 | 38 | 3 | 32 | Wood used to make barrel hoops. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38 |
8321 | 766 | 32 | 1 | 38 | 3 | 32 | Wood used to make barrel hoops. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38 |
8390 | 768 | 32 | 1 | 38 | 3 | 32 | Wood used to make barrel hoops. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38 |
18357 | 2042 | 38 | 15 | 125 | 3 | 32 | Rushes used for weaving little bags and pouches. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 125 |
19491 | 2099 | 38 | 4 | 377 | 3 | 32 | Roots used to weave bags. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 377 |
40339 | 3959 | 38 | 15 | 136 | 3 | 32 | Bast made into thread for sewing, fine yarn for weaving bags and into other cordage of all sorts. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 136 |
31449 | 3214 | 50 | 16 | 247 | 3 | 32 | Fronds used to line acorn-leaching pits and earth ovens. | Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 247 |
40441 | 3972 | 50 | 16 | 251 | 3 | 32 | Leaves used to wrap bread. | Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 251 |
7189 | 580 | 58 | 47 | 32 | 3 | 32 | Bark used to make baskets for food storage and berry collection. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 32 |
7190 | 580 | 58 | 47 | 32 | 3 | 32 | Bark used to make dishes to collect birch sap and fresh cambium. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 32 |
7629 | 657 | 58 | 47 | 33 | 3 | 32 | Grass used to line and cover winter storage pits for potatoes. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 33 |
35663 | 3520 | 58 | 47 | 58 | 3 | 32 | Stems used to make a stopper for a sturgeon skin jar. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 58 |
35767 | 3525 | 58 | 47 | 58 | 3 | 32 | Stems used to make a stopper for a sturgeon skin jar. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 58 |
35901 | 3534 | 58 | 47 | 58 | 3 | 32 | Stems used to make a stopper for a sturgeon skin jar. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 58 |
7197 | 580 | 61 | 17 | 75 | 3 | 32 | Fine, shredded bark used as vessels to catch sap from trees in sugar making-time. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 75 |
44088 | 4230 | 61 | 91 | 358 | 3 | 32 | Dried stems peeled and used to make a hearth. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 358 |
44089 | 4230 | 61 | 17 | 71 | 3 | 32 | Dried, peeled stems used to make a hearth, to contain the fire. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 71 |
26174 | 2840 | 67 | 152 | 38 | 3 | 32 | Leaves used by children to make cone shaped buckets to hold the picked berries. | Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 38 |
26184 | 2841 | 67 | 152 | 38 | 3 | 32 | Leaves occasionally used to form make-shift funnels. | Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 38 |
26185 | 2841 | 67 | 152 | 38 | 3 | 32 | Leaves used by children to make cone shaped buckets to hold the picked berries. | Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 38 |
7329 | 585 | 71 | 64 | 192 | 3 | 32 | Wood used to make containers. | Wilson, Michael R., 1978, Notes on Ethnobotany in Inuktitut, The Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology 8:180-196, page 192 |
26927 | 2934 | 71 | 64 | 188 | 3 | 32 | Roots used to make trays and buckets. | Wilson, Michael R., 1978, Notes on Ethnobotany in Inuktitut, The Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology 8:180-196, page 188 |
27085 | 2935 | 71 | 64 | 188 | 3 | 32 | Roots used to make trays and buckets. | Wilson, Michael R., 1978, Notes on Ethnobotany in Inuktitut, The Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology 8:180-196, page 188 |
26182 | 2840 | 72 | 54 | 62 | 3 | 32 | Large, mature leaves used to cover barrels of rhubarb and blueberries, to prevent mold from growing. | Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska. Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 62 |
26190 | 2841 | 72 | 54 | 62 | 3 | 32 | Large, mature leaves used to cover barrels of rhubarb and blueberries, to prevent mold from growing. | Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska. Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 62 |
7201 | 580 | 76 | 73 | 8 | 3 | 32 | Bark used to line sacks and stiffen them into baskets. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 8 |
39959 | 3951 | 76 | 30 | 54 | 3 | 32 | Whole bark sheets used to make storage containers. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 54 |
7203 | 580 | 78 | 166 | 154 | 3 | 32 | Bark used to make containers and waterproof wrappings. | Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154 |
5623 | 407 | 79 | 38 | 363 | 3 | 32 | Leaves used as a covering over berries and other foods preserved in caches. | Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 363 |
18851 | 2060 | 79 | 38 | 372 | 3 | 32 | Bark used to line and cover the fruit storing pits. | Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 372 |
35653 | 3518 | 79 | 38 | 380 | 3 | 32 | Wood used to make baskets and water jugs. | Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 380 |
35910 | 3534 | 79 | 38 | 380 | 3 | 32 | Wood used to make baskets and water jugs. | Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 380 |
35964 | 3539 | 79 | 38 | 380 | 3 | 32 | Wood used to make baskets and water jugs. | Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 380 |
36049 | 3547 | 79 | 38 | 380 | 3 | 32 | Wood used to make baskets and water jugs. | Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 380 |
3507 | 262 | 87 | 14 | 211 | 3 | 32 | Hollow stems used to collect liquid Sitka spruce pitch. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 211 |
12716 | 1342 | 87 | 14 | 149 | 3 | 32 | Fronds used to pack freshly caught salmon to prevent them from drying out. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 149 |
20107 | 2162 | 87 | 14 | 205 | 3 | 32 | Blades used to line oolichan ripening pits. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 205 |
27179 | 2938 | 87 | 14 | 175 | 3 | 32 | Roots and red cedar bark used to make bag like implement for the oolichan grease rendering process. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 175 |
36053 | 3547 | 87 | 14 | 288 | 3 | 32 | Sticks used to string discoidal basaltic seaweed cooking stones when not being used. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 288 |
36086 | 3550 | 87 | 14 | 288 | 3 | 32 | Sticks used to string discoidal basaltic seaweed cooking stones when not being used. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 288 |
39994 | 3951 | 87 | 14 | 162 | 3 | 32 | Wood used to make boxes to store many types of food. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 162 |
12 | 1 | 88 | 14 | 173 | 3 | 32 | Boughs used to line oolichan ripening pits. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 173 |
270 | 6 | 88 | 14 | 174 | 3 | 32 | Wood used to make chairs and insect proof storage boxes for dancing regalia. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 174 |
5632 | 407 | 89 | 2 | 246 | 3 | 32 | Bark used as a plug to keep water from spilling out of a water jug. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 246 |
11665 | 1163 | 89 | 2 | 66 | 3 | 32 | Rind baked, cleaned, dried and used as a storage container for seeds. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 66 |
11666 | 1163 | 89 | 2 | 244 | 3 | 32 | Rinds sun dried, filled with seeds and beans and hidden from enemy raiders. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 244 |
12871 | 1354 | 89 | 2 | 232 | 3 | 32 | Pieces of plant used as tray for baked mescal. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 232 |
19412 | 2090 | 89 | 2 | 244 | 3 | 32 | Rinds made into containers used for carrying water on foot or on horseback trips away from home. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 244 |
24722 | 2665 | 89 | 2 | 233 | 3 | 32 | Used in preparing pottery clay. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 233 |
24809 | 2670 | 89 | 2 | 234 | 3 | 32 | Juice used to mix with pottery clay. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 234 |
38664 | 3776 | 89 | 2 | 232 | 3 | 32 | Juice made into a paste and mixed with clay before molding it into a pot. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 232 |
38669 | 3777 | 89 | 2 | 232 | 3 | 32 | Juice made into a paste and mixed with clay before molding it into a pot. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 232 |
38676 | 3780 | 89 | 2 | 232 | 3 | 32 | Juice made into a paste and mixed with clay before molding it into a pot. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 232 |
10715 | 1077 | 90 | 68 | 49 | 3 | 32 | Leaves used for underground oven covers or as containers for cooking fish or pork. | Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 49 |
23548 | 2546 | 90 | 68 | 70 | 3 | 32 | Leaves used as a covering for underground ovens. | Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 70 |
21611 | 2337 | 92 | 41 | 48 | 3 | 32 | Leaves used as sheets to dry berries. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 48 |
23698 | 2576 | 92 | 41 | 25 | 3 | 32 | Hollow floats and upper stipes used as molds for cottonwood resin and deer fat skin 'cream.' This ointment was poured in hot and melted. After it had solidified, the kelp mold was cut open and the ball of ointment removed. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 25 |
23699 | 2576 | 92 | 41 | 25 | 3 | 32 | Hollow floats and upper stipes used to store oil and other liquids. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 25 |
29105 | 3085 | 92 | 41 | 32 | 3 | 32 | Long, straight fronds used on the ground under fish and other foods to keep them clean. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 32 |
21614 | 2337 | 94 | 77 | 59 | 3 | 32 | Leaves wrapped around cooked fruits and buried in swampy regions for preservation. | Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 59 |
9494 | 899 | 95 | 82 | 300 | 3 | 32 | Leaves packed around yucca fruit when baked in earth oven. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 300 |
11673 | 1163 | 95 | 37 | 93 | 3 | 32 | Dried shell used by children to carry parched corn. | Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 93 |
19416 | 2090 | 95 | 37 | 93 | 3 | 32 | Used as containers for sacred honey, cups, seed bottles and medicine holders. | Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 93 |
29548 | 3105 | 95 | 37 | 71 | 3 | 32 | Roots carved into boxes for sacred feathers and other ceremonial objects. | Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 71 |
29549 | 3105 | 95 | 82 | 346 | 3 | 32 | Roots carved into boxes for sacred feathers and various ceremonial objects. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 346 |
1852 | 96 | 97 | 127 | 55 | 3 | 32 | Crushed fibers used as an ingredient in pottery making. | Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 55 |
44423 | 4244 | 100 | 112 | 154 | 3 | 32 | Dried husks woven into small bottles or receptacles for salt. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 154 |
490 | 26 | 105 | 71 | 385 | 3 | 32 | Leaves placed under and between layers of the bulbs while cooking in the earth oven. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 385 |
4196 | 322 | 105 | 71 | 387 | 3 | 32 | Leaves placed over maple leaves in earth oven, forming last layer before oven covered with earth. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 387 |
4197 | 322 | 105 | 71 | 387 | 3 | 32 | Leaves used to cover stored madrono berries. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 387 |
4342 | 333 | 105 | 71 | 388 | 3 | 32 | Wood used to make reels for string. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388 |
4392 | 337 | 105 | 71 | 388 | 3 | 32 | Wood used to make reels for string. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388 |
4426 | 338 | 105 | 71 | 388 | 3 | 32 | Wood used to make reels for string. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388 |
31520 | 3216 | 105 | 71 | 377 | 3 | 32 | Leaves used under draining fish. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 377 |
36058 | 3547 | 105 | 71 | 381 | 3 | 32 | Roots used to make the fire hearth. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 381 |