naeb
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
id | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
35621 | 3516 | 67 | 152 | 34 | 3 | 63 | Plant gathered in late summer, burned to ashes and added to chewing tobacco. | Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 34 |
2649 | 176 | 67 | 152 | 35 | 3 | 63 | Wood burned to make ashes added to tobacco. | Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 35 |
26176 | 2840 | 67 | 152 | 38 | 3 | 63 | Dried, burned leaves added to chewing tobacco for flavoring. | Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 38 |
26186 | 2841 | 67 | 152 | 38 | 3 | 63 | Dried, burned leaves added to chewing tobacco for flavoring. | Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 38 |
20730 | 2232 | 105 | 70 | 37 | 3 | 63 | Root chewed and smoked in the pipe. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 37 |
23909 | 2584 | 266 | 70 | 41 | 3 | 63 | Leaves smoked for leisure. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 41 |
23744 | 2577 | 42 | 168 | 74 | 3 | 63 | Leaves pounded, mixed with water, chewed and used as a smoking material. | Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 74 |
4360 | 335 | 24 | 31 | 40 | 3 | 63 | Leaves mixed with tobacco. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 40 |
4378 | 336 | 24 | 31 | 40 | 3 | 63 | Leaves mixed with tobacco. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 40 |
4468 | 343 | 24 | 31 | 40 | 3 | 63 | Leaves mixed with tobacco. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 40 |
4977 | 387 | 24 | 31 | 42 | 3 | 63 | Leaves chewed fresh or dried and smoked after mixing with tobacco and other leaves. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 42 |
12147 | 1244 | 24 | 31 | 60 | 3 | 63 | Leaves used to smoke. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 60 |
23827 | 2578 | 24 | 31 | 90 | 3 | 63 | Leaves chewed, smoked or used in a drinkable decoction. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 90 |
23837 | 2579 | 24 | 31 | 90 | 3 | 63 | Leaves chewed, smoked or used in a drinkable decoction. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 90 |
23854 | 2580 | 24 | 31 | 90 | 3 | 63 | Leaves chewed, smoked or used in a drinkable decoction. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 90 |
4559 | 347 | 54 | 145 | 485 | 3 | 63 | Leaves mixed with tobacco and smoked. | Beardsley, Gretchen, 1941, Notes on Cree Medicines, Based on Collections Made by I. Cowie in 1892., Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters 28:483-496, page 485 |
11029 | 1102 | 54 | 145 | 485 | 3 | 63 | Bark mixed with tobacco and used for smoking. | Beardsley, Gretchen, 1941, Notes on Cree Medicines, Based on Collections Made by I. Cowie in 1892., Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters 28:483-496, page 485 |
11083 | 1102 | 151 | 73 | 11 | 3 | 63 | Inner bark dried and mixed with tobacco as a substitute for kinnikinnick. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 11 |
23872 | 2583 | 151 | 73 | 16 | 3 | 63 | Used in compound for smoking and the delicate tobacco from flower was never chewed. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 16 |
29175 | 3094 | 151 | 73 | 19 | 3 | 63 | Inner bark used for 'kinnikinnick.' | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19 |
29218 | 3095 | 151 | 73 | 19 | 3 | 63 | Inner bark used for 'kinnikinnick.' | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19 |
29389 | 3098 | 151 | 73 | 19 | 3 | 63 | Inner bark used for 'kinnikinnick.' | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19 |
29635 | 3106 | 151 | 73 | 19 | 3 | 63 | Inner bark used for 'kinnikinnick.' | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19 |
4604 | 347 | 151 | 73 | 7 | 3 | 63 | Leaves mixed with tobacco and smoked. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 7 |
32928 | 3347 | 48 | 147 | 524 | 3 | 63 | Leaves added to tobacco for smoking. | Carlson, Gustav G. and Volney H. Jones, 1940, Some Notes on Uses of Plants by the Comanche Indians, Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters 25:517-542, page 524 |
4530 | 347 | 27 | 134 | 74 | 3 | 63 | Leaves and stems used to smoke. | Carrier Linguistic Committee, 1973, Plants of Carrier Country, Fort St. James, BC. Carrier Linguistic Committee, page 74 |
23861 | 2580 | 188 | 27 | 27 | 3 | 63 | Leaves dried and smoked. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 27 |
23862 | 2580 | 188 | 27 | 36 | 3 | 63 | Leaves half or fully dried and smoked. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 36 |
23986 | 2587 | 188 | 27 | 36 | 3 | 63 | Leaves half or fully dried and smoked. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 36 |
23863 | 2580 | 188 | 160 | 108 | 3 | 63 | Used for smoking. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 108 |
23864 | 2580 | 193 | 160 | 108 | 3 | 63 | Used for smoking. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 108 |
23987 | 2587 | 188 | 160 | 108 | 3 | 63 | Used for smoking. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 108 |
23988 | 2587 | 193 | 160 | 108 | 3 | 63 | Used for smoking. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 108 |
23749 | 2577 | 95 | 160 | 109 | 3 | 63 | Used for smoking. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 109 |
23790 | 2577 | 188 | 160 | 109 | 3 | 63 | Used for smoking. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 109 |
23791 | 2577 | 193 | 160 | 109 | 3 | 63 | Used for smoking. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 109 |
23858 | 2580 | 95 | 160 | 109 | 3 | 63 | Used for smoking. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 109 |
23989 | 2587 | 193 | 160 | 110 | 3 | 63 | Used for smoking. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 110 |
23940 | 2585 | 193 | 160 | 111 | 3 | 63 | Used for smoking. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 111 |
23860 | 2580 | 147 | 125 | 120 | 3 | 63 | Wild tobacco smoked. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 120 |
23865 | 2580 | 288 | 125 | 120 | 3 | 63 | Wild tobacco smoked. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 120 |
11044 | 1102 | 79 | 38 | 366 | 3 | 63 | Inner bark smoked as a tobacco. | Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 366 |
23745 | 2577 | 79 | 38 | 375 | 3 | 63 | Leaves dried and smoked. | Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 375 |
32938 | 3347 | 79 | 38 | 379 | 3 | 63 | Leaves formerly used to smoke. | Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 379 |
37606 | 3631 | 79 | 38 | 381 | 3 | 63 | Leaves formerly used to smoke. | Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 381 |
37988 | 3680 | 79 | 38 | 381 | 3 | 63 | Dried leaves powdered and formerly used to smoke as a tobacco. | Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 381 |
41990 | 4071 | 79 | 38 | 384 | 3 | 63 | Leaves formerly dried and used as a tobacco. | Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 384 |
35943 | 3536 | 137 | 89 | 331 | 3 | 63 | Inner bark portions dried, powdered and used as substitutes for chewing tobacco. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 331 |
23905 | 2584 | 137 | 89 | 386 | 3 | 63 | Light green leaves used for smoking. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 386 |
22874 | 2447 | 95 | 82 | 335 | 3 | 63 | Plant used as substitute for tobacco. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 335 |
24261 | 2613 | 95 | 82 | 336 | 3 | 63 | Plant used for tobacco. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 336 |
24295 | 2618 | 95 | 82 | 337 | 3 | 63 | Plant used as substitute for tobacco. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 337 |
23985 | 2587 | 181 | 14 | 118 | 3 | 63 | Leaves chewed and smoked. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 118 |
4584 | 347 | 91 | 14 | 239 | 3 | 63 | Leaves smoked like tobacco. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 239 |
23972 | 2587 | 87 | 14 | 291 | 3 | 63 | Leaves used for chewing and smoking. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 291 |
23877 | 2583 | 267 | 14 | 350 | 3 | 63 | Leaves used for smoking. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 350 |
23996 | 2587 | 267 | 14 | 350 | 3 | 63 | Leaves used for chewing. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 350 |
4589 | 347 | 102 | 28 | 20 | 3 | 63 | Dried leaves smoked as tobacco. | Cook, Sarah Louise, 1930, The Ethnobotany of Jemez Indians., University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 20 |
4429 | 338 | 115 | 66 | 102 | 3 | 63 | Dried leaves mixed with tobacco and used for smoking. | Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 102 |
4443 | 340 | 115 | 66 | 102 | 3 | 63 | Dried leaves mixed with tobacco and used for smoking. | Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 102 |
23753 | 2577 | 115 | 66 | 104 | 3 | 63 | Leaves used for smoking. | Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 104 |
23952 | 2586 | 287 | 69 | 91 | 3 | 63 | Leaves crushed, stuffed into pipes and smoked. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1957, Some Plants Used by the Yuki Indians ... II. Food Plants, The Masterkey 31:85-94, page 91 |
4554 | 347 | 38 | 4 | 377 | 3 | 63 | Used for smoking. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 377 |
9869 | 942 | 38 | 4 | 377 | 3 | 63 | Seeds mixed with tobacco and smoked. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 377 |
10950 | 1099 | 38 | 4 | 377 | 3 | 63 | Used for smoking. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 377 |
36143 | 3551 | 38 | 4 | 378 | 3 | 63 | Used for smoking and general utility. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 378 |
44475 | 4244 | 157 | 74 | 27 | 3 | 63 | Husks used for cigarette papers. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27 |
31374 | 3206 | 157 | 74 | 58 | 3 | 63 | Leaves smoked by the masker after the feast celebrating the completion of masks for the Night Chant. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 58 |
43211 | 4141 | 157 | 74 | 59 | 3 | 63 | Crushed leaves mixed with tobacco and smoked. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 59 |
14775 | 1619 | 95 | 72 | 20 | 3 | 63 | Plant used as a substitute for tobacco. | Fewkes, J. Walter, 1896, A Contribution to Ethnobotany, American Anthropologist 9:14-21, page 20 |
4555 | 347 | 41 | 99 | 199 | 3 | 63 | Leaves pulverized and smoked before the introduction of tobacco and presently mixed with tobacco. | Fleisher, Mark S., 1980, The Ethnobotany of the Clallam Indians of Western Washington, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 14(2):192-210, page 199 |
39453 | 3902 | 41 | 99 | 199 | 3 | 63 | Needles mixed with tobacco and smoked. | Fleisher, Mark S., 1980, The Ethnobotany of the Clallam Indians of Western Washington, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 14(2):192-210, page 199 |
20800 | 2235 | 185 | 50 | 129 | 3 | 63 | Roots smoked for pleasure. | Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 129 |
30948 | 3182 | 185 | 50 | 49 | 3 | 63 | Berries mashed, made into little cakes, dried and used like chewing tobacco. | Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 49 |
23814 | 2577 | 284 | 48 | 263 | 3 | 63 | Dried stems and leaves used for smoking. | Gifford, E. W., 1936, Northeastern and Western Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 34:247-345, page 263 |
2541 | 172 | 133 | 3 | 243 | 3 | 63 | Leaves formerly smoked. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 243 |
4611 | 347 | 166 | 3 | 297 | 3 | 63 | Leaves roasted, crushed and smoked. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 297 |
10810 | 1089 | 177 | 154 | 331 | 3 | 63 | Dried inner bark used either alone or with tobacco for smoking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 331 |
23874 | 2583 | 177 | 154 | 331 | 3 | 63 | Plant preferred for smoking because of the mild quality. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 331 |
32984 | 3347 | 177 | 154 | 331 | 3 | 63 | Dried, deveined, red leaves broken fine and used for smoking in the absence of kinnikinnick. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 331 |
10794 | 1089 | 61 | 91 | 367 | 3 | 63 | Dried inner bark used for smoking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 367 |
32934 | 3347 | 61 | 91 | 367 | 3 | 63 | Scarlet leaves gathered in the fall and dried for smoking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 367 |
10795 | 1089 | 61 | 17 | 107 | 3 | 63 | Fragrant inner bark dried and used for smoking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 107 |
10811 | 1089 | 177 | 17 | 107 | 3 | 63 | Fragrant inner bark dried and used for smoking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 107 |
10812 | 1089 | 190 | 17 | 107 | 3 | 63 | Fragrant inner bark dried and used for smoking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 107 |
10813 | 1089 | 205 | 17 | 107 | 3 | 63 | Fragrant inner bark dried and used for smoking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 107 |
10815 | 1089 | 280 | 17 | 107 | 3 | 63 | Fragrant inner bark dried and used for smoking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 107 |
4640 | 347 | 190 | 17 | 108 | 3 | 63 | Leaves smoked like tobacco. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 108 |
4641 | 347 | 190 | 17 | 108 | 3 | 63 | Leaves used for smoking, like tobacco. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 108 |
11038 | 1102 | 61 | 17 | 108 | 3 | 63 | Plant used for smoking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 108 |
11118 | 1102 | 177 | 17 | 108 | 3 | 63 | Plant used for smoking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 108 |
11123 | 1102 | 205 | 17 | 108 | 3 | 63 | Plant used for smoking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 108 |
23871 | 2583 | 61 | 17 | 113114 | 3 | 63 | Plant cultivated and used for smoking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 113114 |
23873 | 2583 | 177 | 17 | 113114 | 3 | 63 | Plant cultivated and used for smoking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 113114 |
23875 | 2583 | 190 | 17 | 113114 | 3 | 63 | Plant cultivated and used for smoking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 113114 |
23876 | 2583 | 205 | 17 | 113114 | 3 | 63 | Plant cultivated and used for smoking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 113114 |
23878 | 2583 | 280 | 17 | 113114 | 3 | 63 | Plant cultivated and used for smoking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 113114 |
33950 | 3420 | 61 | 17 | 85 | 3 | 63 | Inner bark sometimes used alone or with tobacco for smoking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 85 |
33951 | 3420 | 61 | 17 | 85 | 3 | 63 | Inner bark, alone or mixed with tobacco, used for smoking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 85 |
33954 | 3420 | 177 | 17 | 85 | 3 | 63 | Inner bark sometimes used alone or with tobacco for smoking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 85 |
33955 | 3420 | 177 | 17 | 85 | 3 | 63 | Inner bark, alone or mixed with tobacco, used for smoking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 85 |