naeb
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
id | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
20105 | 2162 | 67 | 152 | 34 | 3 | 33 | Dried, brown leaves woven into mats, baskets, tote sacks and ropes for hanging herring & other fish. | Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 34 |
27285 | 2939 | 67 | 152 | 34 | 3 | 33 | Wood used to build fish drying racks and legs for elevated caches. | Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 34 |
26175 | 2840 | 67 | 152 | 38 | 3 | 33 | Leaves occasionally used to form make-shift funnels. | Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 38 |
415 | 22 | 105 | 70 | 15 | 3 | 33 | Wood used to made acorn paddles. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 15 |
492 | 26 | 105 | 70 | 15 | 3 | 33 | Wood used to made acorn paddles. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 15 |
6573 | 498 | 105 | 70 | 20 | 3 | 33 | Leaves used to clean eel's blood from butchered eel. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 20 |
12681 | 1334 | 105 | 70 | 28 | 3 | 33 | Leaves used to clean eels. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 28 |
21689 | 2337 | 266 | 70 | 38 | 3 | 33 | Leaves used to wrap sturgeon eggs baked in ashes. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 38 |
21697 | 2337 | 289 | 70 | 38 | 3 | 33 | Leaves used to wrap sturgeon eggs baked in ashes. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 38 |
31521 | 3216 | 105 | 70 | 48 | 3 | 33 | Leaves used to clean eels and salmon. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 48 |
31548 | 3216 | 289 | 70 | 48 | 3 | 33 | Fronds used as plates to serve fish, to put over fish to keep the flies off and to clean fish. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 48 |
40447 | 3972 | 105 | 70 | 58 | 3 | 33 | Branches used to prop salmon filet open. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 58 |
43383 | 4172 | 144 | 100 | 139 | 3 | 33 | Green leaves used as top layer, over the hot stones, in the earth oven. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 139 |
43601 | 4201 | 144 | 100 | 139 | 3 | 33 | Green leaves used as top layer, over the hot stones, in the earth oven. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 139 |
4492 | 345 | 144 | 100 | 146 | 3 | 33 | Wood used to make mush stirring paddles. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 146 |
32216 | 3270 | 144 | 100 | 146 | 3 | 33 | Branch used to make mush stirring paddles. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 146 |
32457 | 3289 | 144 | 100 | 146 | 3 | 33 | Wood used to make mush stirring paddles. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 146 |
32418 | 3289 | 12 | 52 | 41 | 3 | 33 | Used to make platters and shelves for mescal cakes. | Basehart, Harry W., 1974, Apache Indians XII. Mescalero Apache Subsistence Patterns and Socio-Political Organization, New York. Garland Publishing Inc., page 41 |
24005 | 2590 | 12 | 52 | 51 | 3 | 33 | Grass woven into trays and used for processing datil and mescal. | Basehart, Harry W., 1974, Apache Indians XII. Mescalero Apache Subsistence Patterns and Socio-Political Organization, New York. Garland Publishing Inc., page 51 |
29467 | 3102 | 24 | 31 | 106 | 3 | 33 | Trunks used to make wooden mortars. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 106 |
30021 | 3155 | 24 | 31 | 107 | 3 | 33 | Trunk used to make wooden mortars. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 107 |
43555 | 4190 | 24 | 31 | 145 | 3 | 33 | Stems used to make cooking utensils, spoons and stirring implements. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 145 |
11597 | 1161 | 24 | 31 | 57 | 3 | 33 | Dried gourds used to make ladles. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 57 |
14730 | 1607 | 24 | 31 | 67 | 3 | 33 | Body of the plant used as a cooking vessel. The top was cut off of the cactus and the interior was dug out. Water was then put into the depression and heated with hot stones. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 67 |
40050 | 3951 | 121 | 148 | 8 | 3 | 33 | Wood used for making utensils. | Boas, Franz, 1966, Kwakiutl Ethnography, Chicago. University of Chicago Press, page 8 |
29098 | 3085 | 50 | 16 | 247 | 3 | 33 | Fronds used to line earth ovens. | Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 247 |
32437 | 3289 | 50 | 16 | 248 | 3 | 33 | Wood used for bowls and mortars. | Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 248 |
28600 | 3018 | 50 | 16 | 249 | 3 | 33 | Leaves used to wrap bread during baking. | Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 249 |
7455 | 611 | 50 | 16 | 255 | 3 | 33 | Hollow stems used as straws. | Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 255 |
1861 | 96 | 157 | 195 | 91 | 3 | 33 | Leaves used to line the baking pits. | Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 91 |
8149 | 757 | 14 | 87 | 178 | 3 | 33 | Burls used as vessels or cups. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 178 |
24008 | 2590 | 14 | 87 | 183 | 3 | 33 | Dried leaves fashioned into spoons. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 183 |
7160 | 580 | 27 | 134 | 67 | 3 | 33 | Inner bark made into dishes and used for processing fish, picking berries and to eat with. | Carrier Linguistic Committee, 1973, Plants of Carrier Country, Fort St. James, BC. Carrier Linguistic Committee, page 67 |
27055 | 2935 | 27 | 134 | 69 | 3 | 33 | Wood made into drying poles and used for smoking and drying meat. | Carrier Linguistic Committee, 1973, Plants of Carrier Country, Fort St. James, BC. Carrier Linguistic Committee, page 69 |
34784 | 3463 | 27 | 134 | 74 | 3 | 33 | Leaves used to dry berries on. | Carrier Linguistic Committee, 1973, Plants of Carrier Country, Fort St. James, BC. Carrier Linguistic Committee, page 74 |
39020 | 3846 | 188 | 27 | 15 | 3 | 33 | Used to line baking pits for roasting chollas. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 15 |
19442 | 2090 | 188 | 27 | 17 | 3 | 33 | Used for a drinking and eating vessel. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 17 |
8176 | 757 | 188 | 27 | 23 | 3 | 33 | Ribs made into a drying rack for datil fruit. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 23 |
30114 | 3158 | 188 | 27 | 35 | 3 | 33 | Green sticks used to turn roasting ears of corn. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 35 |
43669 | 4211 | 193 | 19 | 45 | 3 | 33 | Leaves used in roasting pits as containers for beans. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 45 |
7697 | 667 | 214 | 89 | 306 | 3 | 33 | Dense leaflets used to prevent sand from mixing with the meal in leaching acorn meal. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 306 |
9724 | 922 | 137 | 89 | 319 | 3 | 33 | Fresh, green leaves used to cover acorn bread dough while cooking. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 319 |
9725 | 922 | 137 | 89 | 319 | 3 | 33 | Outer portion of the bulbs made into small brushes and used for grinding acorns. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 319 |
7698 | 667 | 214 | 89 | 337 | 3 | 33 | Leafy branches used to spread water gently over acorn meal. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 337 |
40454 | 3972 | 137 | 89 | 364 | 3 | 33 | Fresh leaves formerly used to wrap up acorn meal for baking. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 364 |
9804 | 935 | 95 | 82 | 302 | 3 | 33 | Plant used for roasting corn. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 302 |
16266 | 1785 | 95 | 82 | 323 | 3 | 33 | Used in roasting sweet corn. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 323 |
16271 | 1785 | 257 | 82 | 323 | 3 | 33 | Used in roasting sweet corn. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 323 |
18631 | 2058 | 95 | 82 | 330 | 3 | 33 | Twigs used to separate corn dumplings while boiling. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 330 |
18744 | 2058 | 257 | 82 | 330 | 3 | 33 | Twigs used to separate corn dumplings while boiling. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 330 |
37140 | 3586 | 95 | 82 | 358 | 3 | 33 | Wood used for stirring rods. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 358 |
22267 | 2391 | 181 | 14 | 109 | 3 | 33 | Wood used to make spoons. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 109 |
3682 | 286 | 88 | 14 | 145 | 3 | 33 | Plant used in earth ovens. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 145 |
39995 | 3951 | 87 | 14 | 162 | 3 | 33 | Inner bark used to whip soapberries. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 162 |
39996 | 3951 | 87 | 14 | 162 | 3 | 33 | Wood boards used to separate oval leaved blueberries from the leaves. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 162 |
39997 | 3951 | 87 | 14 | 162 | 3 | 33 | Wood made into tongs and used to transfer boiling stones from the fire to cooking vessels. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 162 |
40969 | 4043 | 87 | 14 | 180 | 3 | 33 | Boughs used under cleaned salmon while draining. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 180 |
40976 | 4043 | 88 | 14 | 180 | 3 | 33 | Boughs used in processing salmon. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 180 |
40977 | 4043 | 88 | 14 | 180 | 3 | 33 | Boughs used to wrap and cover foods in earth ovens. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 180 |
21605 | 2337 | 87 | 14 | 189 | 3 | 33 | Leaves used as a mat when drying berries. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 189 |
21606 | 2337 | 87 | 14 | 189 | 3 | 33 | Leaves used to wrap western hemlock cambium, bear meat and porcupine meat while cooking. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 189 |
470 | 24 | 87 | 14 | 209 | 3 | 33 | Wood used to make spoons. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 209 |
2505 | 172 | 87 | 14 | 224 | 3 | 33 | Wood used to make dishes to serve oolichan grease. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 224 |
2678 | 177 | 87 | 14 | 225 | 3 | 33 | Wood used to make spoons. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 225 |
36870 | 3569 | 87 | 14 | 229 | 3 | 33 | Leaves used to whip soapberries. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 229 |
22222 | 2391 | 88 | 14 | 265 | 3 | 33 | Sticks used to retrieve special cooking stones used for cooking edible seaweed. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 265 |
34792 | 3463 | 88 | 14 | 276 | 3 | 33 | Leaves used to whip soapberries. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 276 |
34968 | 3470 | 87 | 14 | 279 | 3 | 33 | Leaves used to whip soapberries. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 279 |
35966 | 3539 | 87 | 14 | 287 | 3 | 33 | Branches used to hang drying oolichans. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 287 |
36054 | 3547 | 87 | 14 | 288 | 3 | 33 | Branches used as barbecue racks for salmon. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 288 |
36055 | 3547 | 87 | 14 | 288 | 3 | 33 | Leaves layered with salmon and western hemlock boughs to allow the fish to drain. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 288 |
36087 | 3550 | 87 | 14 | 288 | 3 | 33 | Branches used as barbecue racks for salmon. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 288 |
36088 | 3550 | 87 | 14 | 288 | 3 | 33 | Leaves layered with salmon and western hemlock boughs to allow the fish to drain. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 288 |
21692 | 2337 | 267 | 14 | 320 | 3 | 33 | Leaves used as an underlay for drying berries. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 320 |
40179 | 3951 | 181 | 14 | 63 | 3 | 33 | Wood used to make sticks to dry oolichans and made into barbecue racks for salmon and other fish. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 63 |
41056 | 4043 | 181 | 14 | 71 | 3 | 33 | Boughs used to roast fern roots. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 71 |
39521 | 3902 | 181 | 14 | 75 | 3 | 33 | Wood used to make serving bowls for food. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 75 |
21653 | 2337 | 181 | 14 | 76 | 3 | 33 | Leaves folded into makeshift cups. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 76 |
473 | 24 | 181 | 14 | 82 | 3 | 33 | Wood used to make spoons. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 82 |
15672 | 1703 | 181 | 14 | 96 | 3 | 33 | Branches tied into a bunch and used for whipping soapberries. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 96 |
25494 | 2746 | 193 | 11 | 90 | 3 | 33 | Large branches and trunks used to make ladles. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 90 |
25495 | 2746 | 193 | 11 | 90 | 3 | 33 | Trunk and larger branches used to make ladles. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 90 |
30155 | 3158 | 193 | 11 | 93 | 3 | 33 | Green wood used to make ladles. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 93 |
676 | 35 | 38 | 4 | 377 | 3 | 33 | Used to make paddles for stirring maple sap. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 377 |
7164 | 580 | 38 | 4 | 377 | 3 | 33 | Used for utensils. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 377 |
26574 | 2901 | 38 | 4 | 378 | 3 | 33 | Used to weave frames for drying berries. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 378 |
19434 | 2090 | 157 | 74 | 79 | 3 | 33 | Used to make dippers. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 79 |
31445 | 3214 | 41 | 99 | 194 | 3 | 33 | Fronds used to cover berry baskets and to wipe fish before hanging up to smoke. | Fleisher, Mark S., 1980, The Ethnobotany of the Clallam Indians of Western Washington, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 14(2):192-210, page 194 |
39451 | 3902 | 41 | 99 | 195 | 3 | 33 | Wood used to make barbecue stakes. | Fleisher, Mark S., 1980, The Ethnobotany of the Clallam Indians of Western Washington, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 14(2):192-210, page 195 |
2490 | 172 | 41 | 99 | 198 | 3 | 33 | Wood used for dishes and utensils. | Fleisher, Mark S., 1980, The Ethnobotany of the Clallam Indians of Western Washington, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 14(2):192-210, page 198 |
29134 | 3085 | 200 | 80 | 11 | 3 | 33 | Fronds used as a lining for an acorn-leaching basin. | Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 11 |
29135 | 3085 | 200 | 80 | 11 | 3 | 33 | Fronds used for lining the top and bottom of an earth oven in baking acorn bread. | Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 11 |
39528 | 3902 | 200 | 80 | 11 | 3 | 33 | Wood used for mush stirrers. | Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 11 |
43576 | 4196 | 200 | 80 | 11 | 3 | 33 | Fronds used for lining the top and bottom of an earth oven in baking acorn bread. | Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 11 |
34838 | 3463 | 200 | 80 | 13 | 3 | 33 | Leaves used to wrap meat for baking. | Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 13 |
23723 | 2576 | 166 | 3 | 206 | 3 | 33 | Enlarged upper portion of stipes used as funnels for pouring water onto hot rocks in pit cooking. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 206 |
29118 | 3085 | 133 | 3 | 221 | 3 | 33 | Leaves used for lining cooking pits, both above and below the foods. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 221 |
29120 | 3085 | 133 | 3 | 221 | 3 | 33 | Leaves used to wipe salmon. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 221 |
29126 | 3085 | 166 | 3 | 221 | 3 | 33 | Leaves used for lining cooking pits, both above and below the foods. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 221 |
40089 | 3951 | 133 | 3 | 228 | 3 | 33 | Wood used to make fish barbecuing sticks and cross pieces. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 228 |
2538 | 172 | 133 | 3 | 243 | 3 | 33 | Leaves used to cook halibut heads and salmonberry sprouts. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 243 |