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Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
id | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5 | 1 | 86 | 166 | 152 | 2 | 69 | Bark and other plants used as a tonic. | Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
2676 | 177 | 78 | 166 | 152 | 2 | 69 | Bark and other plants used as a tonic. | Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
22257 | 2391 | 166 | 3 | 268 | 2 | 69 | Bark and roots used as a tonic for young men in training. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
30598 | 3177 | 62 | 97 | 32 | 2 | 69 | Bark combined with other roots and used as a tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 32 |
15121 | 1648 | 217 | 23 | 86 | 2 | 69 | Bark soaked in cold water and used as an excellent tonic. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 86 |
44317 | 4241 | 63 | 22 | 80 | 2 | 69 | Bark used alone and in compound as a tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 80 |
2501 | 172 | 86 | 166 | 152 | 2 | 69 | Bark used as a tonic. | Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
16379 | 1791 | 177 | 154 | 335 | 2 | 69 | Bark used as a tonic. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 335 |
30378 | 3166 | 133 | 3 | 266 | 2 | 69 | Bark used as a tonic. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 266 |
31870 | 3253 | 32 | 1 | 46 | 2 | 69 | Bark used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
32047 | 3262 | 32 | 1 | 46 | 2 | 69 | Bark used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
32171 | 3269 | 32 | 1 | 46 | 2 | 69 | Bark used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
32358 | 3285 | 32 | 1 | 46 | 2 | 69 | Bark used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
32502 | 3290 | 32 | 1 | 46 | 2 | 69 | Bark used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
32539 | 3293 | 32 | 1 | 46 | 2 | 69 | Bark used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
35636 | 3517 | 32 | 1 | 61 | 2 | 69 | Bark used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 61 |
35877 | 3532 | 32 | 1 | 61 | 2 | 69 | Bark used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 61 |
36002 | 3542 | 32 | 1 | 61 | 2 | 69 | Bark used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 61 |
36347 | 3515 | 32 | 1 | 61 | 2 | 69 | Bark used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 61 |
38566 | 3761 | 278 | 166 | 152 | 2 | 69 | Bark used as a tonic. | Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
37238 | 3589 | 63 | 22 | 80 | 2 | 69 | Bark used in a tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 80 |
19891 | 2128 | 154 | 22 | 58, 84 | 2 | 69 | Berries used to make spring tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 58, 84 |
30853 | 3181 | 206 | 43 | 77, 78 | 2 | 69 | Berries used to make tonic drink and bark used in an eyewash. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 77, 78 |
37916 | 3658 | 259 | 10 | 209 | 2 | 69 | Berry jam taken as a tonic. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 209 |
1385 | 55 | 211 | 102 | 29 | 2 | 69 | Chewed plant juice taken by older people as a tonic. | Speck, Frank G., R.B. Hassrick and E.S. Carpenter, 1942, Rappahannock Herbals, Folk-Lore and Science of Cures, Proceedings of the Delaware County Institute of Science 10:7-55., page 29 |
1434 | 60 | 62 | 97 | 39 | 2 | 69 | Combined with elecampane and stone roots to make a tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 39 |
15599 | 1702 | 63 | 22 | 28, 76 | 2 | 69 | Complex compound containing entire plant taken as a tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 28, 76 |
7108 | 576 | 149 | 110 | 266 | 2 | 69 | Complex compound infusion including black birch bark taken as spring tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1928, Mohegan Medicinal Practices, Weather-Lore and Superstitions, SI-BAE Annual Report #43: 264-270, page 266 |
14529 | 1580 | 149 | 110 | 266 | 2 | 69 | Complex compound infusion including boneset taken as spring tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1928, Mohegan Medicinal Practices, Weather-Lore and Superstitions, SI-BAE Annual Report #43: 264-270, page 266 |
25393 | 2733 | 149 | 110 | 266 | 2 | 69 | Complex compound infusion including ginseng root taken as spring tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1928, Mohegan Medicinal Practices, Weather-Lore and Superstitions, SI-BAE Annual Report #43: 264-270, page 266 |
19908 | 2131 | 149 | 110 | 266 | 2 | 69 | Complex compound infusion including motherwort taken as spring tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1928, Mohegan Medicinal Practices, Weather-Lore and Superstitions, SI-BAE Annual Report #43: 264-270, page 266 |
4055 | 318 | 149 | 110 | 266 | 2 | 69 | Complex compound infusion including sarsaparilla root taken as spring tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1928, Mohegan Medicinal Practices, Weather-Lore and Superstitions, SI-BAE Annual Report #43: 264-270, page 266 |
37259 | 3589 | 149 | 110 | 266 | 2 | 69 | Complex compound infusion including sassafras root taken as spring tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1928, Mohegan Medicinal Practices, Weather-Lore and Superstitions, SI-BAE Annual Report #43: 264-270, page 266 |
22109 | 2381 | 149 | 110 | 266 | 2 | 69 | Complex compound infusion including spikenard root taken as spring tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1928, Mohegan Medicinal Practices, Weather-Lore and Superstitions, SI-BAE Annual Report #43: 264-270, page 266 |
1336 | 55 | 149 | 110 | 266 | 2 | 69 | Complex compound infusion including sweetflag root taken as spring tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1928, Mohegan Medicinal Practices, Weather-Lore and Superstitions, SI-BAE Annual Report #43: 264-270, page 266 |
30647 | 3177 | 149 | 110 | 266 | 2 | 69 | Complex compound infusion including wild cherry bark taken as spring tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1928, Mohegan Medicinal Practices, Weather-Lore and Superstitions, SI-BAE Annual Report #43: 264-270, page 266 |
1397 | 55 | 280 | 203 | 265 | 2 | 69 | Complex compound injected via bird wing bone for general health. | Radin, Paul, 1923, The Winnebago Tribe, SI-BAE Annual Report #37, page 265 |
30601 | 3177 | 63 | 22 | 27, 78 | 2 | 69 | Compound containing bark taken as a tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 27, 78 |
16008 | 1752 | 63 | 22 | 25 | 2 | 69 | Compound containing bark used as a general tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 25 |
15289 | 1660 | 173 | 20 | 376 | 2 | 69 | Compound containing inner bark used as a tonic. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 376 |
22853 | 2442 | 63 | 22 | 76 | 2 | 69 | Compound containing leaves used as a tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 76 |
1436 | 60 | 63 | 22 | 32, 74 | 2 | 69 | Compound containing root used as a tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 32, 74 |
3258 | 236 | 63 | 22 | 74 | 2 | 69 | Compound containing root used as a tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 74 |
4029 | 318 | 63 | 22 | 74 | 2 | 69 | Compound containing root used as a tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 74 |
10888 | 1093 | 63 | 22 | 26, 74 | 2 | 69 | Compound containing root used as a tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 26, 74 |
22073 | 2381 | 63 | 22 | 80 | 2 | 69 | Compound containing root used as a tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 80 |
25121 | 2705 | 64 | 22 | 82 | 2 | 69 | Compound containing root used as a tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 82 |
43454 | 4180 | 63 | 22 | 26 | 2 | 69 | Compound containing vine used as a tonic by frail women and increases fertility. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 26 |
29230 | 3095 | 232 | 12 | 121122 | 2 | 69 | Compound decoction of bark taken as a blood tonic and for general debility. | Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 121122 |
28791 | 3046 | 38 | 4 | 336 | 2 | 69 | Compound decoction of root or dried root alone taken as a tonic. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 336 |
41844 | 4059 | 232 | 12 | 146 | 2 | 69 | Compound decoction of root taken as a blood tonic and for general debility. | Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 146 |
10528 | 1055 | 138 | 176 | 133 | 2 | 69 | Compound decoction of root taken as a mild tonic. | Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 133 |
4056 | 318 | 149 | 97 | 70, 128 | 2 | 69 | Compound decoction of root taken as a spring tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 70, 128 |
6489 | 472 | 38 | 4 | 364 | 2 | 69 | Compound decoction of root taken as a tonic. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 364 |
33940 | 3419 | 38 | 4 | 364 | 2 | 69 | Compound decoction of root taken as a tonic. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 364 |
38935 | 3831 | 232 | 12 | 102103 | 2 | 69 | Compound decoction of root taken as a tonic. | Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 102103 |
9681 | 916 | 100 | 7 | 408 | 2 | 69 | Compound decoction of roots and bark taken as a tonic. | Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 408 |
12612 | 1317 | 100 | 7 | 388 | 2 | 69 | Compound decoction of roots taken as a blood medicine or tonic. | Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 388 |
34232 | 3434 | 232 | 12 | 129-131 | 2 | 69 | Compound decoction of roots taken as a blood tonic and for general debility. | Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 129-131 |
4125 | 319 | 100 | 7 | 392 | 2 | 69 | Compound decoction of roots taken by women as a tonic. | Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 392 |
35281 | 3485 | 100 | 7 | 312 | 2 | 69 | Compound decoction of roots taken by women as a tonic. | Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 312 |
19992 | 2154 | 149 | 110 | 266 | 2 | 69 | Compound decoction or infusion of plants taken as a spring tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1928, Mohegan Medicinal Practices, Weather-Lore and Superstitions, SI-BAE Annual Report #43: 264-270, page 266 |
39377 | 3894 | 149 | 110 | 266 | 2 | 69 | Compound decoction or infusion of plants taken as a spring tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1928, Mohegan Medicinal Practices, Weather-Lore and Superstitions, SI-BAE Annual Report #43: 264-270, page 266 |
35433 | 3489 | 100 | 7 | 313 | 2 | 69 | Compound decoction taken as a blood medicine and tonic. | Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 313 |
8283 | 762 | 64 | 22 | 82 | 2 | 69 | Compound infusion of bark taken as a tonic for general debility. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 82 |
30603 | 3177 | 64 | 22 | 68, 82 | 2 | 69 | Compound infusion of bark taken as a tonic for general debility. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 68, 82 |
18467 | 2054 | 64 | 22 | 68, 82 | 2 | 69 | Compound infusion of bark taken as a tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 68, 82 |
31890 | 3253 | 64 | 22 | 68, 82 | 2 | 69 | Compound infusion of bark taken as a tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 68, 82 |
8335 | 767 | 64 | 22 | 68 | 2 | 69 | Compound infusion of bark taken for 'general debility.' | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 68 |
600 | 31 | 192 | 103 | 311 | 2 | 69 | Compound infusion of plant taken as a tonic. | Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 311 |
4161 | 319 | 192 | 103 | 311 | 2 | 69 | Compound infusion of plant taken as a tonic. | Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 311 |
7011 | 556 | 192 | 103 | 311 | 2 | 69 | Compound infusion of plant taken as a tonic. | Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 311 |
14533 | 1580 | 192 | 103 | 311 | 2 | 69 | Compound infusion of plant taken as a tonic. | Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 311 |
15480 | 1682 | 192 | 103 | 311 | 2 | 69 | Compound infusion of plant taken as a tonic. | Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 311 |
31775 | 3239 | 192 | 103 | 311 | 2 | 69 | Compound infusion of plant taken as a tonic. | Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 311 |
38973 | 3839 | 192 | 103 | 311 | 2 | 69 | Compound infusion of plant taken as a tonic. | Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 311 |
8240 | 758 | 64 | 22 | 68 | 2 | 69 | Compound infusion of root or bark taken for 'general debility.' | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 68 |
39378 | 3894 | 149 | 97 | 75, 132 | 2 | 69 | Compound infusion of root taken as a tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 75, 132 |
5258 | 397 | 38 | 4 | 364 | 2 | 69 | Compound infusion or decoction of root taken as a tonic. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 364 |
3092 | 208 | 32 | 1 | 54 | 2 | 69 | Compound infusion taken as a spring tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 54 |
6007 | 421 | 100 | 7 | 311 | 2 | 69 | Compound infusion taken for fevers and as a general tonic. | Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 311 |
25083 | 2700 | 32 | 1 | 33 | 2 | 69 | Cooked fronds eaten as 'spring tonic.' | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 33 |
19993 | 2154 | 149 | 62 | 121 | 2 | 69 | Dandelion and white daisy used to make wines and taken as tonics. | Carr, Lloyd G. and Carlos Westey, 1945, Surviving Folktales & Herbal Lore Among the Shinnecock Indians, Journal of American Folklore 58:113-123, page 121 |
19996 | 2154 | 231 | 62 | 121 | 2 | 69 | Dandelion and white daisy used to make wines and taken as tonics. | Carr, Lloyd G. and Carlos Westey, 1945, Surviving Folktales & Herbal Lore Among the Shinnecock Indians, Journal of American Folklore 58:113-123, page 121 |
39379 | 3894 | 149 | 62 | 121 | 2 | 69 | Dandelion and white daisy used to make wines and taken as tonics. | Carr, Lloyd G. and Carlos Westey, 1945, Surviving Folktales & Herbal Lore Among the Shinnecock Indians, Journal of American Folklore 58:113-123, page 121 |
39393 | 3894 | 231 | 62 | 121 | 2 | 69 | Dandelion and white daisy used to make wines and taken as tonics. | Carr, Lloyd G. and Carlos Westey, 1945, Surviving Folktales & Herbal Lore Among the Shinnecock Indians, Journal of American Folklore 58:113-123, page 121 |
32397 | 3285 | 211 | 102 | 26 | 2 | 69 | Decoction of bark and leaves taken as a beneficial beverage (bitters). | Speck, Frank G., R.B. Hassrick and E.S. Carpenter, 1942, Rappahannock Herbals, Folk-Lore and Science of Cures, Proceedings of the Delaware County Institute of Science 10:7-55., page 26 |
32320 | 3278 | 96 | 49 | 56 | 2 | 69 | Decoction of bark and root taken as a tonic for 'run-down health.' | Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 56 |
268 | 6 | 78 | 166 | 152 | 2 | 69 | Decoction of bark or inner bark used as a tonic. | Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
318 | 6 | 278 | 166 | 152 | 2 | 69 | Decoction of bark or inner bark used as a tonic. | Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
26939 | 2934 | 78 | 166 | 152 | 2 | 69 | Decoction of bark or inner bark used as a tonic. | Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
27044 | 2934 | 278 | 166 | 152 | 2 | 69 | Decoction of bark or inner bark used as a tonic. | Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
17325 | 1904 | 133 | 25 | 33 | 2 | 69 | Decoction of bark taken as a tonic by convalescents and athletes. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33 |
37917 | 3658 | 259 | 33 | 472 | 2 | 69 | Decoction of bark taken as a tonic for the stomach. | Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 472 |
30965 | 3182 | 259 | 33 | 477 | 2 | 69 | Decoction of bark taken as a tonic. | Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 477 |
16013 | 1752 | 139 | 21 | 228229 | 2 | 69 | Decoction of bark taken by patient to help regain flesh and strength. | Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 228229 |
27419 | 2953 | 78 | 166 | 152 | 2 | 69 | Decoction of bark used as a tonic. | Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
18805 | 2059 | 183 | 12 | 92-96 | 2 | 69 | Decoction of berries taken as a blood tonic. | Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 92-96 |
36851 | 3568 | 183 | 12 | 137138 | 2 | 69 | Decoction of blossoms given to children as a spring tonic. | Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 137138 |
40138 | 3951 | 175 | 32 | 20 | 2 | 69 | Decoction of boughs and three plants taken as a sweathouse tonic. The three plants were Douglas fir boughs, rose branches and often a small quantity of stinging nettle. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 20 |
7217 | 580 | 138 | 176 | 131 | 2 | 69 | Decoction of branch tips used as a tonic. | Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 131 |