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Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
id | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
44242 | 4236 | 157 | 74 | 34 | 4 | 99 | Strands used to tie rolled skins into a rabbit skin blanket. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34 |
44241 | 4236 | 157 | 74 | 34 | 4 | 99 | Fiber used to tie butt and tip of corn husks filled with dough. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34 |
44205 | 4234 | 24 | 31 | 150 | 4 | 99 | Fiber used to make bowstrings, netting and strings for shell money. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 150 |
44193 | 4230 | 291 | 6 | 79 | 4 | 99 | Leaves soaked in water to soften them and made into rope by knotting them together. The fibers of the leaves were separated and lengthened for making a coarse cord. | Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 79 |
44188 | 4230 | 257 | 61 | 52 | 4 | 99 | Fibrous leaves split into narrow strips and used for tying material. | Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 52 |
44176 | 4230 | 248 | 58 | 39 | 4 | 99 | Split leaves or fibers used as tying material. | Bell, Willis H and Edward F. Castetter, 1941, Ethnobiological Studies in the Southwest VII. The Utilization of of Yucca, Sotol and Beargrass by the Aborigines in the American Southwest, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5(5):1-74, page 39 |
44168 | 4230 | 205 | 17 | 71 | 4 | 99 | Leaves macerated to clear the fibers and with the sharp leaf points attached, twined into thread. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 71 |
44165 | 4230 | 190 | 17 | 71 | 4 | 99 | Leaves macerated to clear the fibers and with the sharp leaf points attached, twined into thread. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 71 |
44160 | 4230 | 188 | 27 | 61 | 4 | 99 | Leaves split into strands, made into cords and used for tying up bundles of material. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 61 |
44153 | 4230 | 177 | 17 | 71 | 4 | 99 | Leaves macerated to clear the fibers and with the sharp leaf points attached, twined into thread. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 71 |
44148 | 4230 | 159 | 18 | 21 | 4 | 99 | Fiber made into string to tie hoops, prayer sticks, chant arrows and other ceremonial equipment. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 21 |
44111 | 4230 | 107 | 79 | 76 | 4 | 99 | Crushed leaf fibers twisted and used for ropes. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 76 |
44099 | 4230 | 101 | 76 | 45 | 4 | 99 | Fibers used to make cords and ropes. | Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 45 |
44086 | 4230 | 61 | 17 | 71 | 4 | 99 | Leaves macerated to clear the fibers and with the sharp leaf points attached, twined into thread. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 71 |
44068 | 4230 | 15 | 45 | 147 | 4 | 99 | Leaves used to make 'moccasin strings' and cords. | Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 147 |
44029 | 4228 | 14 | 87 | 182 | 4 | 99 | Leaves used to make cordage. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 182 |
44005 | 4227 | 24 | 31 | 150 | 4 | 99 | Fibers used to make nets. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 150 |
43981 | 4225 | 291 | 6 | 78 | 4 | 99 | Split leaves used in place of cords or rope. | Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 78 |
43980 | 4225 | 291 | 58 | 40 | 4 | 99 | Leaves boiled, chewed and made into a double-stranded cord. | Bell, Willis H and Edward F. Castetter, 1941, Ethnobiological Studies in the Southwest VII. The Utilization of of Yucca, Sotol and Beargrass by the Aborigines in the American Southwest, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5(5):1-74, page 40 |
43979 | 4225 | 291 | 6 | 78 | 4 | 99 | Leaf fibers made into cords used to tie prayer plume offerings together & for other ceremonial uses. | Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 78 |
43968 | 4225 | 284 | 48 | 259 | 4 | 99 | Leaf fiber used to tie grass stems of mescal to make a brush. | Gifford, E. W., 1936, Northeastern and Western Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 34:247-345, page 259 |
43962 | 4225 | 257 | 61 | 50 | 4 | 99 | Fleshy leaves boiled, chewed and the fibers twisted into cord and rope. | Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 50 |
43940 | 4225 | 248 | 58 | 39 | 4 | 99 | Split leaves or fibers used as tying material. | Bell, Willis H and Edward F. Castetter, 1941, Ethnobiological Studies in the Southwest VII. The Utilization of of Yucca, Sotol and Beargrass by the Aborigines in the American Southwest, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5(5):1-74, page 39 |
43922 | 4225 | 193 | 58 | 40 | 4 | 99 | Leaf fiber used to make cords or ropes. | Bell, Willis H and Edward F. Castetter, 1941, Ethnobiological Studies in the Southwest VII. The Utilization of of Yucca, Sotol and Beargrass by the Aborigines in the American Southwest, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5(5):1-74, page 40 |
43911 | 4225 | 188 | 58 | 40 | 4 | 99 | Leaves split and used as tying material. | Bell, Willis H and Edward F. Castetter, 1941, Ethnobiological Studies in the Southwest VII. The Utilization of of Yucca, Sotol and Beargrass by the Aborigines in the American Southwest, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5(5):1-74, page 40 |
43898 | 4225 | 159 | 18 | 21 | 4 | 99 | Leaf fiber made into string or rope and used for temporary or emergency purposes. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 21 |
43849 | 4225 | 107 | 79 | 74 | 4 | 99 | Leaf fibers used to make ropes. Leaves were pounded between stones to separate the fibers which were used for ropes. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 74 |
43841 | 4225 | 101 | 76 | 45 | 4 | 99 | Fibers used to make cords and ropes. | Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 45 |
43833 | 4225 | 97 | 127 | 39 | 4 | 99 | Stems used to make rope. | Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 39 |
43813 | 4225 | 89 | 2 | 212 | 4 | 99 | Leaf fiber braided into ropes. The leaves contained a good fiber. The terminal spine and a section of the back of the leaf were removed and pounded to free this fiber from the fleshy portion of the leaf. The fiber was often braided into rope, three to six ply, from twelve to thirty feet long that were used for many purposes, including handling horses. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 212 |
43808 | 4225 | 15 | 45 | 147 | 4 | 99 | Leaves used to make string. | Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 147 |
43803 | 4225 | 14 | 87 | 182 | 4 | 99 | Leaves split and sections tied together by square knots to make cordage. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 182 |
43798 | 4225 | 12 | 52 | 33 | 4 | 99 | Leaves used to make twine or rope. | Basehart, Harry W., 1974, Apache Indians XII. Mescalero Apache Subsistence Patterns and Socio-Political Organization, New York. Garland Publishing Inc., page 33 |
43781 | 4225 | 10 | 58 | 40 | 4 | 99 | Leaves split and used as string. | Bell, Willis H and Edward F. Castetter, 1941, Ethnobiological Studies in the Southwest VII. The Utilization of of Yucca, Sotol and Beargrass by the Aborigines in the American Southwest, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5(5):1-74, page 40 |
43770 | 4224 | 248 | 58 | 37 | 4 | 99 | Leaves used to make strings. | Bell, Willis H and Edward F. Castetter, 1941, Ethnobiological Studies in the Southwest VII. The Utilization of of Yucca, Sotol and Beargrass by the Aborigines in the American Southwest, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5(5):1-74, page 37 |
43752 | 4224 | 10 | 58 | 40 | 4 | 99 | Leaves split and used as string. | Bell, Willis H and Edward F. Castetter, 1941, Ethnobiological Studies in the Southwest VII. The Utilization of of Yucca, Sotol and Beargrass by the Aborigines in the American Southwest, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5(5):1-74, page 40 |
43391 | 4172 | 202 | 40 | 51 | 4 | 99 | Vine made a very strong cord used to tie bundles and for lashing. | Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 51 |
43387 | 4172 | 200 | 80 | 14 | 4 | 99 | Vines used to tie western service berry thatch in place on the winter house. | Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 14 |
43386 | 4172 | 200 | 80 | 14 | 4 | 99 | Vines used to make withes to tie things when hunting or traveling. | Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 14 |
43378 | 4172 | 105 | 71 | 386 | 4 | 99 | Vines used to moor a boat and smaller vines twisted to make ropes. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 386 |
43361 | 4170 | 228 | 88 | 475 | 4 | 99 | Plant used for coffin lashing. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 475 |
43199 | 4139 | 287 | 89 | 362 | 4 | 99 | Stout roots used for tying. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 362 |
41888 | 4060 | 115 | 66 | 95 | 4 | 99 | Stems used in the manufacture of cords and nets. | Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 95 |
41885 | 4060 | 106 | 60 | 68 | 4 | 99 | Outer stem layers separated into long strands and two or three twisted into a cord. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 68 |
41870 | 4060 | 24 | 31 | 143 | 4 | 99 | Fibers used to make bowstrings and cordage. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 143 |
41863 | 4059 | 280 | 17 | 77 | 4 | 99 | Dried stalk fiber used to make twine and cordage. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 77 |
41847 | 4059 | 242 | 131 | 42 | 4 | 99 | Mature shoot fibers used to make cordage. | Theodoratus, Robert J., 1989, Loss, Transfer, and Reintroduction in the Use of Wild Plant Foods in the Upper Skagit Valley, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 23(1):35-52, page 42 |
41832 | 4059 | 209 | 77 | 61 | 4 | 99 | Roots formerly twisted and made into ropes. | Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 61 |
41829 | 4059 | 206 | 43 | 115 | 4 | 99 | Outer rind twisted into a two-strand cord and used for sewing cattail mats and baskets. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 115 |
41823 | 4059 | 205 | 17 | 77 | 4 | 99 | Dried stalk fiber used to make twine and cordage. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 77 |
41816 | 4059 | 190 | 17 | 77 | 4 | 99 | Dried stalk fiber used to make twine and cordage. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 77 |
41804 | 4059 | 181 | 14 | 119 | 4 | 99 | Fiber used to make bow strings, fishing line for jigging, ropes and oolichan traps. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 119 |
41799 | 4059 | 177 | 17 | 77 | 4 | 99 | Dried stalk fiber used to make twine and cordage. The fiber was separated from the nettle by either crumpling the dried stalks in the hands or gently pounding it with stones. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 77 |
41794 | 4059 | 151 | 73 | 25 | 4 | 99 | Bark used for cordage. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25 |
41786 | 4059 | 122 | 63 | 292 | 4 | 99 | Plants split, dried, pounded and used to make twine and rope. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 292 |
41781 | 4059 | 94 | 77 | 61 | 4 | 99 | Roots formerly twisted and made into ropes. | Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 61 |
41775 | 4059 | 87 | 14 | 294 | 4 | 99 | Fiber used to make cordage, bindings and nets. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 294 |
41770 | 4059 | 71 | 64 | 186 | 4 | 99 | Dried stem fibers used for twine. | Wilson, Michael R., 1978, Notes on Ethnobotany in Inuktitut, The Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology 8:180-196, page 186 |
41766 | 4059 | 61 | 17 | 77 | 4 | 99 | Dried stalk fiber used to make twine and cordage. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 77 |
41754 | 4059 | 21 | 53 | 211 | 4 | 99 | Stem fibers sun dried and used to make twine. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 211 |
41740 | 4058 | 259 | 10 | 289 | 4 | 99 | Plant tops used to make twine and fine thread. The plant tops were made into twine in the same manner as Indian hemp. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 289 |
41717 | 4058 | 166 | 101 | 128 | 4 | 99 | Stems dried, pounded and spun to make twine for binding and sewing purposes. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 128 |
41716 | 4058 | 166 | 3 | 246 | 4 | 99 | Fibers, yellow cedar bark or cottonwood fibers and dog hair used to make stronger ropes. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 246 |
41708 | 4058 | 133 | 3 | 246 | 4 | 99 | Fibers used to make string. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 246 |
41700 | 4058 | 125 | 108 | 61 | 4 | 99 | Stem fibers used to make cordage. | Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 61 |
41688 | 4058 | 92 | 41 | 76 | 4 | 99 | Dried, peeled stems used to make twine, ropes and herring nets. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 76 |
41591 | 4052 | 280 | 17 | 76 | 4 | 99 | Inner bark fiber used to make cords and ropes. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76 |
41577 | 4052 | 205 | 17 | 76 | 4 | 99 | Inner bark fiber used to make cords and ropes. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76 |
41569 | 4052 | 190 | 17 | 76 | 4 | 99 | Inner bark fiber used to make ropes and cords. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76 |
41555 | 4052 | 177 | 154 | 324 | 4 | 99 | Inner bark used to make ropes and cordage. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 324 |
41554 | 4052 | 177 | 17 | 76 | 4 | 99 | Inner bark fiber used to make cords and ropes. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76 |
41509 | 4052 | 61 | 17 | 76 | 4 | 99 | Inner bark fibers used to make ropes and cords. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76 |
40420 | 3967 | 90 | 68 | 71 | 4 | 99 | Plant fiber used to make fishing lines or ropes. | Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 71 |
40399 | 3963 | 96 | 49 | 59 | 4 | 99 | Dried fibers twisted and used for cordage. | Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 59 |
40393 | 3961 | 32 | 1 | 24 | 4 | 99 | Boiled bark twisted into rope. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 24 |
40382 | 3959 | 206 | 43 | 114 | 4 | 99 | Bark string used for making cordage. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 114 |
40380 | 3959 | 205 | 17 | 102 | 4 | 99 | Inner bark fiber used to make cordage and rope. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 102 |
40378 | 3959 | 177 | 154 | 324 | 4 | 99 | Inner bark used to make ropes and cordage. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 324 |
40377 | 3959 | 177 | 17 | 102 | 4 | 99 | Inner bark fiber used to make cordage and rope. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 102 |
40374 | 3959 | 173 | 20 | 422 | 4 | 99 | Tough, fibrous bark of young trees furnished ready cordage and string. The women stripped the bark and peeled the outer edge from the inner fiber with their teeth. The rolls were then kept in coils or were boiled and kept as coils until needed, being soaked again when used, to make them pliable. While there were countless uses for this cordage, perhaps the most important was in tying the poles together for the framework of the wigwam or medicine lodge. When these crossings of poles were lashed together with wet bark fiber, it was easy to get a tight knot which shrank when dry and made an even tighter joint. The bark of an elm or a balsam, cut into broad strips was then sewed into place on the framework with basswood string. An oak wood awl was used to punch holes in the bark, but Smith notes that, when they made his wigwam, they used an old file end for an awl. He reports that he lived in this new wigwam all the time he was among the Pillager Ojibwe and scarcely a night passed without a group of them visiting him and sitting around the campfire, telling old time stories. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 422 |
40373 | 3959 | 173 | 8 | 232 | 4 | 99 | Inner bark of young sprouts used to make twine and rope. | Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 232 |
40368 | 3959 | 139 | 21 | 269 | 4 | 99 | Inner bark boiled in lye water, dried, seasoned and twisted into two-ply cord. | Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 269 |
40360 | 3959 | 138 | 51 | 76 | 4 | 99 | Bast and bark fiber used for cordage. | Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 76 |
40357 | 3959 | 134 | 78 | 6 | 4 | 99 | Fiber used to make ropes. | Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1952, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Malecite Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 42:1-7, page 6 |
40354 | 3959 | 125 | 108 | 60 | 4 | 99 | Inner bark fibers used to make cordage. | Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 60 |
40336 | 3959 | 38 | 4 | 378 | 4 | 99 | Used for twine and general utility. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 378 |
40335 | 3959 | 38 | 15 | 136 | 4 | 99 | Bast made into cordage of all sorts. The bast was boiled and rubbed on a stick to separate the fibers which were spun into thread for sewing, fine yarn for weaving bags and made into cordage of all sorts. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 136 |
40330 | 3959 | 32 | 1 | 24 | 4 | 99 | Boiled bark twisted into rope. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 24 |
40291 | 3951 | 278 | 166 | 152 | 4 | 99 | Inner bark strips used for cordage. | Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
40264 | 3951 | 259 | 55 | 39 | 4 | 99 | Inner bark and stems used to make rope and twine. | Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39 |
40224 | 3951 | 217 | 23 | 71 | 4 | 99 | Young, slender branches used to make ropes. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 71 |
40198 | 3951 | 209 | 77 | 57 | 4 | 99 | Twigs and roots twisted and used as ropes. | Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 57 |
40170 | 3951 | 181 | 14 | 63 | 4 | 99 | Inner bark made into cordage and used as lanyards or lines and to secure boxes. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 63 |
40153 | 3951 | 176 | 55 | 39 | 4 | 99 | Inner bark and stems used to make rope and twine. | Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39 |
40121 | 3951 | 166 | 101 | 67 | 4 | 99 | Young limbs twisted and used for rope material. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 67 |
40120 | 3951 | 166 | 3 | 228 | 4 | 99 | Used to make ropes. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 228 |
40119 | 3951 | 166 | 101 | 67 | 4 | 99 | Inner bark split into thin strips, spun and used for rope and twine. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 67 |
40118 | 3951 | 166 | 101 | 67 | 4 | 99 | Bark used to make rope. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 67 |
40098 | 3951 | 151 | 73 | 25 | 4 | 99 | Inner bark used to make cords for fishnets. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25 |
40064 | 3951 | 122 | 63 | 266 | 4 | 99 | Fibrous bark used to make twine and ropes. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 266 |
40049 | 3951 | 121 | 148 | 8 | 4 | 99 | Bark used to make ropes. | Boas, Franz, 1966, Kwakiutl Ethnography, Chicago. University of Chicago Press, page 8 |