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Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
id | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
44524 | 4244 | 257 | 61 | 78 | 3 | 37 | Cobs used as fuel in emergencies and as fire lighters. | Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 78 |
44472 | 4244 | 157 | 74 | 27 | 3 | 37 | Cob pith used as punk (tinder). | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27 |
44090 | 4230 | 61 | 91 | 358 | 3 | 37 | Leaves bound in a slender bundle and used as a substitute for wood. The slender bundle of leaves formed the firedrill which was placed in a hearth and twirled by the hands until it smouldered upon which time it was blown upon to ignite the flame. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 358 |
41609 | 4054 | 205 | 17 | 75 | 3 | 37 | Wood used as fuel. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 75 |
41604 | 4054 | 177 | 17 | 75 | 3 | 37 | Wood used as fuel. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 75 |
41600 | 4054 | 61 | 17 | 75 | 3 | 37 | Wood used as fuel. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 75 |
41594 | 4052 | 280 | 17 | 76 | 3 | 37 | Wood used for fuel. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76 |
41593 | 4052 | 280 | 17 | 76 | 3 | 37 | Weathered bark used to catch the spark in firemaking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76 |
41580 | 4052 | 205 | 17 | 76 | 3 | 37 | Wood used for fuel. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76 |
41579 | 4052 | 205 | 17 | 76 | 3 | 37 | Weathered bark used to catch the spark in firemaking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76 |
41572 | 4052 | 190 | 17 | 76 | 3 | 37 | Wood used for fuel. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76 |
41571 | 4052 | 190 | 17 | 76 | 3 | 37 | Weathered bark used to catch the spark in firemaking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76 |
41564 | 4052 | 177 | 17 | 76 | 3 | 37 | Wood used for fuel. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76 |
41563 | 4052 | 177 | 17 | 76 | 3 | 37 | Weathered bark used to catch the spark in firemaking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76 |
41512 | 4052 | 61 | 17 | 76 | 3 | 37 | Wood used for fuel. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76 |
41511 | 4052 | 61 | 17 | 76 | 3 | 37 | Weathered bark used to catch the spark in firemaking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76 |
41480 | 4051 | 205 | 17 | 75 | 3 | 37 | Wood used for fuel. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 75 |
41472 | 4051 | 190 | 17 | 75 | 3 | 37 | Wood used for fuel. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 75 |
41466 | 4051 | 177 | 17 | 75 | 3 | 37 | Wood used for fuel. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 75 |
41456 | 4051 | 125 | 156 | 31 | 3 | 37 | Wood used for fuel. | Kraft, Shelly Katheren, 1990, Recent Changes in the Ethnobotany of Standing Rock Indian Reservation, University of North Dakota, M.A. Thesis, page 31 |
41434 | 4051 | 61 | 17 | 75 | 3 | 37 | Wood used for fuel. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 75 |
41070 | 4043 | 210 | 25 | 17 | 3 | 37 | Wood used extensively for firewood. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17 |
41046 | 4043 | 166 | 101 | 74 | 3 | 37 | Slow burning wood used to bank up fires overnight. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74 |
40946 | 4043 | 31 | 25 | 17 | 3 | 37 | Wood used extensively for firewood. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17 |
40928 | 4042 | 32 | 1 | 38 | 3 | 37 | Wood used for firewood. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38 |
40916 | 4041 | 173 | 20 | 422 | 3 | 37 | Bark used for fuel, when reboiling pitch, because the heat was easy to regulate. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 422 |
40908 | 4041 | 141 | 182 | 258 | 3 | 37 | Wood used for kindling and fuel. | Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258 |
40854 | 4041 | 32 | 1 | 38 | 3 | 37 | Wood used for firewood. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38 |
40286 | 3951 | 267 | 14 | 315 | 3 | 37 | Inner bark used to start fires. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 315 |
40235 | 3951 | 217 | 23 | 71 | 3 | 37 | Wood used as fuel and also as the drill or hearth in making friction fires. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 71 |
40234 | 3951 | 217 | 23 | 71 | 3 | 37 | Outer bark used for fuel. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 71 |
40233 | 3951 | 217 | 23 | 71 | 3 | 37 | Inner bark beaten to separate the fibers and used for tinder. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 71 |
40182 | 3951 | 181 | 14 | 63 | 3 | 37 | Wood used as kindling. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 63 |
40072 | 3951 | 122 | 63 | 266 | 3 | 37 | Wood used for fuel and making friction fires. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 266 |
40019 | 3951 | 92 | 41 | 35 | 3 | 37 | Shredded inner bark twisted tightly, tied with cedar bark strips and used as tinder to start a fire. A story involving cedar -- called 'nuhtume' by Hesquiat -- tells of the time Deer stole fire. This version has Deer taking fire from the Wolves; another says that Deer stole it from Chief Red-winged Blackbird. In both versions Deer attached the soft, shredded cedar bark to his elbows, knees and horns. He allowed this dry cedar bark to catch fire when he visited the fire's owner. Deer escaped by jumping out through the roof. Since, however, he had to jump into water while fleeing, the only fire that continued to burn was that in the cedar bark on his horns. Thus, Deer did bring back fire but suffered burnt knees and elbows. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 35 |
40000 | 3951 | 87 | 14 | 162 | 3 | 37 | Bark and branches used as kindling to start fires. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 162 |
39943 | 3951 | 21 | 53 | 197 | 3 | 37 | Inner bark used for tinder. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 197 |
39904 | 3950 | 141 | 182 | 258 | 3 | 37 | Wood used for kindling and fuel. | Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258 |
39286 | 3889 | 193 | 11 | 107 | 3 | 37 | Wood used in winter for fuel. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 107 |
39133 | 3854 | 23 | 146 | 55 | 3 | 37 | Green twigs used to make a fire to blacken the surface of newly made pipes. | Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 55 |
38752 | 3797 | 67 | 152 | 36 | 3 | 37 | Plant burned for smoking fish. | Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 36 |
37755 | 3655 | 228 | 88 | 504 | 3 | 37 | Plant used to make flint and steel punk. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 504 |
37727 | 3652 | 111 | 140 | 31 | 3 | 37 | Wood used for fuel. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 31 |
37726 | 3652 | 111 | 140 | 31 | 3 | 37 | Wood used for fuel. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 31 |
37161 | 3586 | 157 | 74 | 44 | 3 | 37 | Used as firewood. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 44 |
37143 | 3586 | 95 | 82 | 358 | 3 | 37 | Wood used for fuel. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 358 |
37142 | 3586 | 95 | 37 | 74 | 3 | 37 | Strong wood used as the chief kiva fuel. | Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 74 |
37141 | 3586 | 95 | 72 | 18 | 3 | 37 | Shrub used as one of the four prescribed fuels for the kivas. | Fewkes, J. Walter, 1896, A Contribution to Ethnobotany, American Anthropologist 9:14-21, page 18 |
36548 | 3565 | 137 | 89 | 388 | 3 | 37 | Soft wood used as a twirling stick to make fire by friction. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 388 |
36547 | 3565 | 137 | 89 | 388 | 3 | 37 | Pith formerly used as a combustible material for starting fires. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 388 |
36505 | 3565 | 50 | 16 | 254 | 3 | 37 | Hollow twigs used in fire making. | Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 254 |
36304 | 3551 | 255 | 36 | 7 | 3 | 37 | Wood used for firewood and smoking fish. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 7 |
36191 | 3551 | 97 | 127 | 29 | 3 | 37 | Used for firewood. | Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 29 |
36174 | 3551 | 71 | 64 | 189 | 3 | 37 | Wood used for firewood. | Wilson, Michael R., 1978, Notes on Ethnobotany in Inuktitut, The Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology 8:180-196, page 189 |
36102 | 3550 | 200 | 80 | 12 | 3 | 37 | Used for firewood. | Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 12 |
35947 | 3536 | 214 | 89 | 331 | 3 | 37 | Wood used for fuel. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 331 |
35790 | 3527 | 50 | 16 | 249 | 3 | 37 | Twigs used for kindling. | Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 249 |
35686 | 3521 | 89 | 2 | 214 | 3 | 37 | Wood used for fence posts and as fuel for fires. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 214 |
35475 | 3493 | 107 | 79 | 67 | 3 | 37 | Crushed, dried roots used as tinder. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 67 |
33133 | 3352 | 95 | 72 | 16 | 3 | 37 | Dry shrub used as one of the four prescribed fuels for the kivas. | Fewkes, J. Walter, 1896, A Contribution to Ethnobotany, American Anthropologist 9:14-21, page 16 |
32581 | 3294 | 228 | 88 | 493 | 3 | 37 | Wood used to burn out mortar hollow. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 493 |
32547 | 3293 | 32 | 1 | 46 | 3 | 37 | Wood used for firewood. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
32517 | 3290 | 111 | 140 | 22 | 3 | 37 | Wood used for firewood. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 22 |
32511 | 3290 | 32 | 1 | 46 | 3 | 37 | Wood used for firewood. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
32438 | 3289 | 50 | 16 | 248 | 3 | 37 | Bark used as tinder. | Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 248 |
32412 | 3289 | 11 | 95 | 36 | 3 | 37 | Wood used on fire to heat cooking stones. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 36 |
32406 | 3287 | 111 | 140 | 21 | 3 | 37 | Wood used as a favorite fuel for the altar fire in the peyote ceremony. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 21 |
32366 | 3285 | 32 | 1 | 46 | 3 | 37 | Wood used for firewood. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
32313 | 3276 | 111 | 140 | 21 | 3 | 37 | Wood burned in the home and in the peyote ceremony. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 21 |
32228 | 3270 | 200 | 109 | 283 | 3 | 37 | Small square of thick dry bark used to carry fire from one place to another. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 283 |
32186 | 3270 | 24 | 31 | 121 | 3 | 37 | Dried wood considered an ideal firewood for heating and cooking. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 121 |
32179 | 3269 | 32 | 1 | 46 | 3 | 37 | Wood used for firewood. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
32126 | 3265 | 53 | 25 | 27 | 3 | 37 | Wood used as a fuel. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27 |
32055 | 3262 | 32 | 1 | 46 | 3 | 37 | Wood used for firewood. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
31998 | 3257 | 24 | 31 | 121 | 3 | 37 | Dried wood considered an ideal firewood for heating and cooking. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 121 |
31976 | 3256 | 106 | 60 | 56 | 3 | 37 | Wood preferred as firewood for roasting yucca bulbs. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 56 |
31975 | 3256 | 106 | 60 | 56 | 3 | 37 | Spongy pith material used for starting fires. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 56 |
31936 | 3255 | 24 | 31 | 121 | 3 | 37 | Dried wood considered an ideal firewood for heating and cooking. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 121 |
31878 | 3253 | 32 | 1 | 46 | 3 | 37 | Wood used for firewood. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
31858 | 3252 | 65 | 85 | 33 | 3 | 37 | Bark used as fuel for firing pottery. | Hedges, Ken, 1986, Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany, San Diego Museum of Man Ethnic Technology Notes, No. 20, page 33 |
31841 | 3251 | 24 | 31 | 121 | 3 | 37 | Dried wood considered an ideal firewood for heating and cooking. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 121 |
31707 | 3231 | 183 | 98 | 82 | 3 | 37 | Large branches that grow close to the roots used as firewood. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 82 |
31693 | 3231 | 175 | 32 | 128 | 3 | 37 | Branches used to make the initial fire for pit cooking. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 128 |
31692 | 3231 | 175 | 32 | 128 | 3 | 37 | Branches used for fuel. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 128 |
31629 | 3229 | 89 | 2 | 223 | 3 | 37 | Fine, soft bark used as tinder for the fire drill. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 223 |
31490 | 3214 | 181 | 14 | 58 | 3 | 37 | Rhizomes chewed, used as punk in a clam shell and placed in a fire. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 58 |
31431 | 3212 | 89 | 2 | 229 | 3 | 37 | Wood used for firewood. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 229 |
31317 | 3201 | 253 | 25 | 19 | 3 | 37 | Bark used for firewood. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19 |
31308 | 3201 | 241 | 25 | 19 | 3 | 37 | Bark used for firewood. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19 |
31304 | 3201 | 210 | 25 | 19 | 3 | 37 | Bark used for firewood. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19 |
31300 | 3201 | 200 | 80 | 11 | 3 | 37 | Wood used for firewood. | Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 11 |
31296 | 3201 | 166 | 101 | 73 | 3 | 37 | Bark and wood used for fuel. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 73 |
31282 | 3201 | 129 | 25 | 19 | 3 | 37 | Bark used for firewood. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19 |
31280 | 3201 | 114 | 25 | 19 | 3 | 37 | Bark used for firewood. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19 |
31266 | 3201 | 81 | 25 | 19 | 3 | 37 | Bark used for firewood. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19 |
31263 | 3201 | 53 | 25 | 19 | 3 | 37 | Bark used for firewood. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19 |
31257 | 3201 | 31 | 25 | 19 | 3 | 37 | Bark used for firewood. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19 |
31224 | 3199 | 259 | 10 | 107 | 3 | 37 | Rotten wood used as fuel for smoking hides. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 107 |
31195 | 3199 | 217 | 23 | 71 | 3 | 37 | Bark used as a top quality fuel. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 71 |
31187 | 3199 | 202 | 40 | 49 | 3 | 37 | Wood used for firewood. | Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 49 |
31183 | 3199 | 181 | 14 | 70 | 3 | 37 | Wood used for firewood, especially for cooking fish. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 70 |