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Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
id | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
44136 | 4230 | 157 | 141 | 164 | 2 | 36 | Plant used as a laxative. | Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 164 |
43995 | 4226 | 95 | 82 | 370 | 2 | 36 | Plant used as a laxative. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 370 |
43759 | 4224 | 95 | 37 | 34, 71 | 2 | 36 | Root used as a strong laxative. | Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 34, 71 |
43667 | 4211 | 193 | 11 | 97 | 2 | 36 | Decoction of burs taken for constipation. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 97 |
43563 | 4191 | 90 | 68 | 8 | 2 | 36 | Plant pounded, squeezed, the resulting liquid poured into a sweet potato and eaten as a laxative. | Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 8 |
43538 | 4189 | 90 | 68 | 37 | 2 | 36 | Buds chewed by the mother and given to infants as a laxative. | Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 37 |
43215 | 4143 | 50 | 16 | 19 | 2 | 36 | Decoction of roots used as a laxative. | Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 19 |
43154 | 4135 | 100 | 7 | 446 | 2 | 36 | Infusion of bark taken as a laxative. | Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 446 |
43004 | 4127 | 139 | 21 | 247 | 2 | 36 | Root used for constipation and fits. | Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 247 |
43000 | 4127 | 138 | 176 | 131 | 2 | 36 | Infusion of root taken as a mild laxative. | Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 131 |
42929 | 4118 | 228 | 88 | 198 | 2 | 36 | Infusion of leaf taken for bear sickness: fever, headache, thirst, constipation & blocked urination. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 198 |
42803 | 4106 | 100 | 7 | 431 | 2 | 36 | Infusion of leaves given to babies to regulate their bowels. | Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 431 |
42711 | 4105 | 121 | 63 | 273 | 2 | 36 | Large, fleshy roots held in the mouth as a laxative. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 273 |
42674 | 4105 | 86 | 14 | 201 | 2 | 36 | Decoction of cleaned, sliced, dried and boiled roots used as a laxative. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 201 |
42640 | 4105 | 21 | 9 | 53 | 2 | 36 | Decoction of bulb taken for constipation and cough. | Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 53 |
41589 | 4052 | 280 | 17 | 76 | 2 | 36 | Decoction of inner bark taken as a laxative. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76 |
41575 | 4052 | 205 | 17 | 76 | 2 | 36 | Decoction of inner bark taken as a laxative. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76 |
41567 | 4052 | 190 | 17 | 76 | 2 | 36 | Decoction of inner bark taken as a laxative. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76 |
41551 | 4052 | 177 | 17 | 76 | 2 | 36 | Decoction of inner bark taken as a laxative. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76 |
41507 | 4052 | 61 | 17 | 76 | 2 | 36 | Decoction of inner bark taken as a laxative. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76 |
41500 | 4052 | 32 | 1 | 33 | 2 | 36 | Used as a mild laxative and 'soothes stomach and bowels.' | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 33 |
41066 | 4043 | 210 | 25 | 17 | 2 | 36 | Infusion of plants taken as a laxative. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17 |
40760 | 4027 | 100 | 7 | 445 | 2 | 36 | Compound decoction of roots taken as a laxative. | Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 445 |
40517 | 3982 | 32 | 1 | 56, 57 | 2 | 36 | Infusion taken as a laxative and plant mashed and rubbed on insect bites. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 56, 57 |
40416 | 3967 | 90 | 68 | 71 | 2 | 36 | Slimy substance, water, plant milk and watermelon juice mixed, strained and taken as a laxative. | Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 71 |
39752 | 3930 | 89 | 2 | 229 | 2 | 36 | Decoction of leaves taken one to three times a day to act as a laxative. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 229 |
39357 | 3894 | 100 | 7 | 477 | 2 | 36 | Compound decoction of flowers and leaves taken as a laxative. | Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 477 |
39344 | 3894 | 63 | 22 | 32, 80 | 2 | 36 | Plant used to make a 'laxative-tonic.' | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 32, 80 |
39343 | 3894 | 62 | 97 | 39 | 2 | 36 | Plant used to make a laxative-tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 39 |
39221 | 3879 | 32 | 1 | 30 | 2 | 36 | Infusion taken for 'costiveness' in pregnancy. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 30 |
39106 | 3849 | 259 | 10 | 200 | 2 | 36 | Sap from young shoots used as a laxative. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 200 |
38749 | 3796 | 23 | 26 | 68 | 2 | 36 | Infusion of root used as an enema. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 68 |
38268 | 3720 | 101 | 76 | 43 | 2 | 36 | Raw seed pods eaten or boiled into a syrup and taken as a laxative. | Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 43 |
38107 | 3695 | 100 | 7 | 288 | 2 | 36 | Decoction of roots and stalks taken before morning meals for constipation. | Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 288 |
37948 | 3664 | 90 | 68 | 26 | 2 | 36 | Chewed flowers given to infants and children as a laxative. | Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 26 |
37912 | 3658 | 259 | 10 | 209 | 2 | 36 | Decoction of twigs and sticks used as a laxative. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 209 |
37830 | 3658 | 58 | 47 | 60 | 2 | 36 | Infusion of inner bark, scraped from the stem with a downward motion, used as a laxative. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 60 |
37814 | 3658 | 27 | 134 | 76 | 2 | 36 | Decoction of stems taken for constipation. | Carrier Linguistic Committee, 1973, Plants of Carrier Country, Fort St. James, BC. Carrier Linguistic Committee, page 76 |
37767 | 3657 | 23 | 26 | 68 | 2 | 36 | Berries eaten as a mild laxative. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 68 |
37710 | 3650 | 100 | 7 | 362 | 2 | 36 | Compound decoction of flowers taken as a laxative. | Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 362 |
37664 | 3642 | 106 | 60 | 63 | 2 | 36 | Infusion of leaves taken as a strong laxative and could cause death. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 63 |
37638 | 3636 | 259 | 33 | 463 | 2 | 36 | Decoction of whole plant given to children for constipation. | Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 463 |
37619 | 3633 | 175 | 32 | 98 | 2 | 36 | Infusion of stems, leaves and flowers taken or raw leaves chewed as a laxative. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 98 |
37614 | 3632 | 259 | 55 | 41 | 2 | 36 | Plant given to children as a laxative. | Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 41 |
37613 | 3632 | 259 | 33 | 463 | 2 | 36 | Decoction of whole plant given to children for constipation. | Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 463 |
37610 | 3632 | 176 | 55 | 41 | 2 | 36 | Plant given to children as a laxative. | Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 41 |
37605 | 3630 | 3 | 128 | 665 | 2 | 36 | Roots chewed 'to produce a movement of the bowels.' | Swanton, John R, 1928, Religious Beliefs and Medical Practices of the Creek Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #42:473-672, page 665 |
37584 | 3624 | 63 | 22 | 31, 80 | 2 | 36 | Plant top used as a laxative and 'stomach stimulant.' | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 31, 80 |
37583 | 3624 | 62 | 97 | 37 | 2 | 36 | Plant tops used as a laxative. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 37 |
37297 | 3589 | 228 | 88 | 188 | 2 | 36 | Decoction of bark used for horse sickness: nausea, constipation and blocked urination. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 188 |
37078 | 3577 | 100 | 7 | 396 | 2 | 36 | Compound decoction of roots taken to loosen the bowels. | Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 396 |
37043 | 3572 | 173 | 8 | 231 | 2 | 36 | Decoction of plants taken for sick stomach, bowels or for constipation. | Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 231 |
36995 | 3572 | 100 | 7 | 336 | 2 | 36 | Compound infusion or decoction of roots taken to loosen the bowels. | Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 336 |
36929 | 3571 | 183 | 65 | 317 | 2 | 36 | Infusion of leaves taken as a laxative. | Steward, Julian H., 1933, Ethnography of the Owens Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 33(3):233-250, page 317 |
36816 | 3567 | 166 | 3 | 318 | 2 | 36 | Bark used as a very strong laxative. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 318 |
36791 | 3567 | 92 | 41 | 63 | 2 | 36 | Raw roots chewed as a laxative. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 63 |
36739 | 3566 | 149 | 97 | 75, 132 | 2 | 36 | Inner bark, scraped downward, used as a laxative. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 75, 132 |
36702 | 3566 | 100 | 7 | 449 | 2 | 36 | Infusion of bark taken as a laxative. | Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 449 |
36701 | 3566 | 100 | 7 | 448 | 2 | 36 | Compound decoction of twigs given to children as a laxative. | Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 448 |
36680 | 3566 | 65 | 85 | 41 | 2 | 36 | Infusion of fresh or dried blossoms used as an enema. | Hedges, Ken, 1986, Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany, San Diego Museum of Man Ethnic Technology Notes, No. 20, page 41 |
36631 | 3566 | 24 | 31 | 138 | 2 | 36 | Decoction of roots used for constipation. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 138 |
36627 | 3566 | 7 | 67 | 236 | 2 | 36 | Infusion of bark scraped downward and used as a laxative. | Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 236 |
36474 | 3562 | 32 | 1 | 53 | 2 | 36 | Infusion taken as a laxative. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 53 |
36452 | 3560 | 32 | 1 | 53 | 2 | 36 | Infusion taken as a laxative. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 53 |
36259 | 3551 | 183 | 12 | 133-136 | 2 | 36 | Infusion of young twigs with salt taken as a laxative. | Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 133-136 |
35886 | 3532 | 139 | 21 | 245 | 2 | 36 | Infusion of root used for flux and giving enemas. | Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 245 |
35584 | 3510 | 100 | 7 | 273 | 2 | 36 | Compound decoction taken for constipation. | Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 273 |
35442 | 3491 | 32 | 1 | 32 | 2 | 36 | Infusion of root used for constipation. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 32 |
35236 | 3485 | 32 | 1 | 32 | 2 | 36 | Infusion of root used for constipation. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 32 |
35192 | 3482 | 86 | 14 | 260 | 2 | 36 | Plant used as a laxative. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 260 |
34766 | 3462 | 100 | 7 | 354 | 2 | 36 | Decoction given as blood medicine and for the bowels of new born babies. | Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 354 |
34496 | 3453 | 175 | 32 | 131 | 2 | 36 | Decoction of roots taken for constipation. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131 |
33793 | 3403 | 193 | 11 | 100 | 2 | 36 | Beans eaten for constipation. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 100 |
33722 | 3396 | 23 | 26 | 68 | 2 | 36 | Berries eaten as a mild laxative. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 68 |
33547 | 3375 | 21 | 9 | 58 | 2 | 36 | Decoction of root taken many times a day for constipation. | Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 58 |
33386 | 3361 | 166 | 101 | 113 | 2 | 36 | Berries eaten in quantity as a laxative. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 113 |
33052 | 3351 | 100 | 7 | 370 | 2 | 36 | Infusion of bark taken as a laxative. | Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 370 |
32811 | 3331 | 32 | 1 | 52 | 2 | 36 | Infusion of plant taken for constipation. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 52 |
32795 | 3328 | 106 | 60 | 58 | 2 | 36 | Decoction of roots used to loosen the bowels and as a laxative. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 58 |
32777 | 3325 | 139 | 21 | 241 | 2 | 36 | Decoction of bark taken for constipation. | Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 241 |
32710 | 3315 | 100 | 7 | 320 | 2 | 36 | Compound decoction of roots taken to loosen bowels and for venereal disease. | Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 320 |
31805 | 3243 | 23 | 26 | 68 | 2 | 36 | Infusion of leaves taken as a laxative. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 68 |
31712 | 3231 | 225 | 44 | 217 | 2 | 36 | Infusion of crushed berries used for constipation. | Ray, Verne F., 1932, The Sanpoil and Nespelem: Salishan Peoples of Northeastern Washington, University of Washington Publications in Anthropology, Vol. 5, page 217 |
31710 | 3231 | 185 | 50 | 126 | 2 | 36 | Decoction of sun dried leaves taken to vomit and move the bowels for stomachaches and constipation. | Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 126 |
31624 | 3229 | 89 | 2 | 223 | 2 | 36 | Decoction of green branches, sagebrush and juniper used as a laxative for colds. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 223 |
31619 | 3228 | 106 | 60 | 55 | 2 | 36 | Decoction of inner bark and leaves used as a laxative. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 55 |
31254 | 3201 | 21 | 9 | 51 | 2 | 36 | Gum mixed with dogfish oil and taken as emetic and purgative for constipation. | Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 51 |
31068 | 3187 | 232 | 12 | 125126 | 2 | 36 | Decoction of plant taken for constipation. | Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 125126 |
31055 | 3187 | 183 | 12 | 125126 | 2 | 36 | Decoction of plant taken for constipation. | Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 125126 |
30899 | 3182 | 106 | 60 | 54 | 2 | 36 | Ripe berries had a laxative effect. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 54 |
30860 | 3181 | 259 | 10 | 264 | 2 | 36 | Decoction of branches, sometimes with red willow branches & wild rose roots, taken as a laxative. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 264 |
30394 | 3166 | 210 | 25 | 37 | 2 | 36 | Decoction of bark taken as a laxative. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 37 |
30377 | 3166 | 133 | 3 | 266 | 2 | 36 | Bark used as a laxative. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 266 |
29863 | 3135 | 183 | 111 | 42 | 2 | 36 | Whole plant used as a laxative. | Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, page 42 |
29608 | 3106 | 86 | 14 | 286 | 2 | 36 | Decoction of bark taken as a laxative. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 286 |
29256 | 3096 | 100 | 7 | 291 | 2 | 36 | Compound decoction of bark taken as a laxative. | Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 291 |
29048 | 3080 | 242 | 131 | 42 | 2 | 36 | Plant used to make a laxative. | Theodoratus, Robert J., 1989, Loss, Transfer, and Reintroduction in the Use of Wild Plant Foods in the Upper Skagit Valley, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 23(1):35-52, page 42 |
28695 | 3033 | 100 | 7 | 331 | 2 | 36 | Decoction or infusion of roots taken or raw root chewed as a laxative. | Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 331 |
28689 | 3033 | 63 | 22 | 32, 78 | 2 | 36 | Root used to make a laxative. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 32, 78 |
28687 | 3033 | 62 | 97 | 38 | 2 | 36 | Roots used to make a laxative. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 38 |
28681 | 3033 | 32 | 1 | 44 | 2 | 36 | Powdered root eaten 'to correct constipation.' | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 44 |