naeb
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
id | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1905 | 104 | 107 | 79 | 25 | 3 | Taxon known and named but no use was specified. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 25 | |
9988 | 966 | 107 | 79 | 37 | 3 | Taxon known and named but no use was specified. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 37 | |
10199 | 1016 | 107 | 79 | 37 | 3 | Taxon known and named but no use was specified. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 37 | |
10217 | 1019 | 107 | 79 | 37 | 3 | Taxon known and named but no use was specified. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 37 | |
11169 | 1108 | 107 | 79 | 38 | 3 | Taxon known and named but no use was specified. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 38 | |
12413 | 1276 | 107 | 79 | 24 | 3 | Taxon known and named but no use was specified. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 24 | |
12878 | 1356 | 107 | 79 | 42 | 3 | Taxon known and named but no use was specified. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 42 | |
13042 | 1385 | 107 | 79 | 42 | 3 | Taxon known and named but no use was specified. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 42 | |
14789 | 1621 | 107 | 79 | 44 | 3 | Taxon known and named but no use was specified. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 44 | |
16009 | 1752 | 107 | 79 | 45 | 3 | Taxon known and named but no use was specified. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 45 | |
17570 | 1943 | 107 | 79 | 48 | 3 | Taxon known and named but no use was specified. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 48 | |
17862 | 1990 | 107 | 79 | 48 | 3 | Taxon known and named but no use was specified. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 48 | |
17948 | 1998 | 107 | 79 | 45 | 3 | Taxon known and named but no use was specified. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 45 | |
18010 | 2005 | 107 | 79 | 45 | 3 | Taxon known and named but no use was specified. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 45 | |
18669 | 2058 | 107 | 79 | 48 | 3 | Taxon known and named but no use was specified. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 48 | |
19470 | 2094 | 107 | 79 | 51 | 3 | Taxon known and named but no use was specified. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 51 | |
19915 | 2134 | 107 | 79 | 51 | 3 | Taxon known and named but no use was specified. Crushed plant applied to sunburns that dancers got during the harvest, mask and other dances. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 51 | |
21279 | 2279 | 107 | 79 | 52 | 3 | Taxon known and named but no use was specified. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 52 | |
22537 | 2428 | 107 | 79 | 53 | 3 | Taxon known and named but no use was specified. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 53 | |
23455 | 2526 | 107 | 79 | 33 | 3 | Taxon known and named but no use was specified. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 33 | |
25454 | 2738 | 107 | 79 | 57 | 3 | Taxon known and named but no use was specified. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 57 | |
25558 | 2759 | 107 | 79 | 58 | 3 | Taxon known and named but no use was specified. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 58 | |
26594 | 2901 | 107 | 79 | 59 | 3 | Taxon known and named but no use was specified. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 59 | |
31370 | 3206 | 107 | 79 | 64 | 3 | Taxon known and named but no use was specified. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 64 | |
31816 | 3245 | 107 | 79 | 69 | 3 | Taxon known and named but no use was specified. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 69 | |
33644 | 3383 | 107 | 79 | 66 | 3 | Taxon known and named but no use was specified. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 66 | |
36349 | 3554 | 107 | 79 | 68 | 3 | Taxon known and named but no use was specified. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 68 | |
38328 | 3726 | 107 | 79 | 70 | 3 | Taxon known and named but no use was specified. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 70 | |
38767 | 3803 | 107 | 79 | 72 | 3 | Taxon known and named but no use was specified. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 72 | |
39007 | 3845 | 107 | 79 | 72 | 3 | Taxon known and named but no use was specified. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 72 | |
385 | 15 | 188 | 27 | 69 | 3 | 17 | Curved rods used for fleshing and dehairing animal skins. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 69 |
386 | 15 | 188 | 27 | 20 | 3 | 17 | Short transverse sticks affixed to poles and used to dislodge saguaro fruits from the shafts. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 20 |
387 | 15 | 188 | 27 | 69 | 3 | 17 | Stems peeled of bark and thorns and used to beat sheep hides to make them more pliable. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 69 |
429 | 22 | 241 | 25 | 40 | 3 | 17 | Saplings used to make salmon tongs. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 40 |
436 | 22 | 259 | 10 | 145 | 3 | 17 | Wood used in making implement handles. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 145 |
438 | 23 | 21 | 53 | 200 | 3 | 17 | Straight sticks tied around a tree base, ignited and burned until the tree fell. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 200 |
453 | 23 | 175 | 32 | 59 | 3 | 17 | Wood used to make spear handles. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59 |
471 | 24 | 87 | 14 | 209 | 3 | 17 | Wood used to make axe handles. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 209 |
558 | 27 | 157 | 74 | 62 | 3 | 17 | Wood used to make tubes for bellows. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 62 |
1593 | 71 | 200 | 80 | 11 | 3 | 17 | Stem inserted in a pierced ear lobe to keep the wound from closing. | Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 11 |
1614 | 73 | 137 | 89 | 366 | 3 | 17 | Wood used as twirling sticks for making fire by friction. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 366 |
1622 | 73 | 202 | 40 | 27 | 3 | 17 | Wood used to make a drill stick and block for making fires. | Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 27 |
1659 | 79 | 140 | 109 | 325 | 3 | 17 | Wood used to make the fire drill. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 325 |
1770 | 91 | 24 | 31 | 31 | 3 | 17 | Thorns used as awls in basket making. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 31 |
1771 | 91 | 24 | 31 | 31 | 3 | 17 | Thorns used as tool for tattooing. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 31 |
1796 | 93 | 14 | 87 | 169 | 3 | 17 | Stalk fashioned into hoe handles. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169 |
1829 | 94 | 14 | 87 | 169 | 3 | 17 | Stalk fashioned into hoe handles. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169 |
1830 | 94 | 14 | 87 | 169 | 3 | 17 | Stalk fashioned into hoe handles. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169 |
1862 | 96 | 157 | 195 | 94 | 3 | 17 | Sharp pointed leaf tips used to make basketry awls. | Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 94 |
2515 | 172 | 105 | 70 | 16 | 3 | 17 | Water soaked stems used for lashing in the sweat house. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 16 |
2563 | 172 | 181 | 14 | 86 | 3 | 17 | Wood used to make tool handles and canoe bailers. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 86 |
3014 | 204 | 175 | 32 | 120 | 3 | 17 | Wood used to make digging sticks and seed beaters. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 120 |
3018 | 204 | 176 | 55 | 39 | 3 | 17 | Wood used to make root diggers and other tools. | Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39 |
3056 | 204 | 259 | 55 | 39 | 3 | 17 | Wood used to make root diggers and other tools. | Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39 |
3057 | 204 | 259 | 33 | 496 | 3 | 17 | Wood used to make root diggers, handles and other tools. | Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 496 |
3141 | 214 | 47 | 144 | 91 | 3 | 17 | Wood used to make root diggers. | Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 91 |
3160 | 216 | 89 | 2 | 222 | 3 | 17 | Wood used to make the spindle of the fire drill. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 222 |
3504 | 262 | 21 | 53 | 200 | 3 | 17 | Hollow stems used to make breathing tubes for hiding under water when in danger. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 200 |
4199 | 322 | 105 | 70 | 17 | 3 | 17 | Leaves used to test the temperature of pitch used in canoe construction. The pitch was ready to use when the leaf turned black. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 17 |
4206 | 322 | 137 | 89 | 374 | 3 | 17 | Wood used to make saw handles and other tools. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 374 |
4348 | 334 | 202 | 40 | 69 | 3 | 17 | Wood used for making tools and awl handles. | Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 69 |
4362 | 335 | 24 | 31 | 40 | 3 | 17 | Stems used to make small tools. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 40 |
4363 | 335 | 24 | 31 | 40 | 3 | 17 | Wood used to make awl handles. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 40 |
4367 | 335 | 202 | 40 | 68 | 3 | 17 | Wood used for making tools and awl handles. | Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 68 |
4380 | 336 | 24 | 31 | 40 | 3 | 17 | Stems used to make small tools. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 40 |
4381 | 336 | 24 | 31 | 40 | 3 | 17 | Wood used to make awl handles. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 40 |
4470 | 343 | 24 | 31 | 40 | 3 | 17 | Stems used to make small tools. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 40 |
4471 | 343 | 24 | 31 | 40 | 3 | 17 | Wood used to make awl handles. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 40 |
4907 | 375 | 281 | 109 | 264 | 3 | 17 | Nuts used by children in play for blowing. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 264 |
5059 | 394 | 50 | 16 | 254 | 3 | 17 | Burned branches used to smoke bees from nests. | Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 254 |
5246 | 397 | 23 | 26 | 109 | 3 | 17 | Plant made into balls and used as molds to make rattles. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 109 |
5369 | 399 | 33 | 30 | 44 | 3 | 17 | Sprigs used in sweat lodges to sprinkle water on the rocks. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 44 |
5603 | 406 | 255 | 36 | 17 | 3 | 17 | Used as a steambath switch. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 17 |
5646 | 407 | 106 | 60 | 13 | 3 | 17 | Bitter wood used as a head scratcher by menstruating women. Any other kind of wood would cause the hair to fall out and the face to wrinkle. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 13 |
5647 | 407 | 106 | 60 | 13 | 3 | 17 | Tarlike lac gathered into a ball, softened in fire and shaped into awl and knife handles. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 13 |
5648 | 407 | 106 | 60 | 13 | 3 | 17 | Used as preferred material for foreshaft of composite drill for the fire making. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 13 |
5657 | 407 | 115 | 66 | 105 | 3 | 17 | Dead stems used as twirling sticks. | Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 105 |
5662 | 407 | 151 | 73 | 7 | 3 | 17 | Dead twigs used for a twirling stick in fire making. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 7 |
5671 | 407 | 157 | 74 | 81 | 3 | 17 | Wood used in the end of the fire drill. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 81 |
5734 | 407 | 183 | 98 | 119 | 3 | 17 | Wood used for drills, hearths and tinder in the creation of fire by friction. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 119 |
5931 | 417 | 228 | 88 | 495 | 3 | 17 | Plant used to make blowing tubes used for working melted silver. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 495 |
6226 | 442 | 151 | 73 | 7 | 3 | 17 | 'Milk' from the broken stems used in cases of emergency for branding stock temporarily. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 7 |
6367 | 448 | 95 | 72 | 18 | 3 | 17 | Used as a planting stick. | Fewkes, J. Walter, 1896, A Contribution to Ethnobotany, American Anthropologist 9:14-21, page 18 |
6519 | 484 | 175 | 32 | 28 | 3 | 17 | Plant used to wipe the juice from the lodgepole pine bark before the cambium was scraped off. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 28 |
6520 | 484 | 175 | 32 | 105 | 3 | 17 | Used to wipe off the turpentine like juice from the inside of stripped pine bark. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 105 |
6779 | 531 | 128 | 24 | 209 | 3 | 17 | Wood used for drilling fires. A small hole was made in a flat, extremely dry stick. The drill, a short piece of wood, was inserted into the hole and twirled to form the dust which would ignite if conditions were dry and favorable. No tinder was used. | Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 209 |
6783 | 532 | 89 | 2 | 246 | 3 | 17 | Wood used to make planting sticks. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 246 |
6903 | 549 | 175 | 32 | 80 | 3 | 17 | Leaves wrapped around young boy's feet to practice walking silently and carefully in the woods. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 80 |
7298 | 580 | 255 | 36 | 5 | 3 | 17 | Wood used to make the bow of the fire drill. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
7299 | 580 | 255 | 36 | 5 | 3 | 17 | Wood used to make wedges and tool handles. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
7300 | 580 | 255 | 36 | 5 | 3 | 17 | Wood used to make wedges. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
8083 | 746 | 92 | 41 | 50 | 3 | 17 | Sharp edged leaves used by men for shaving. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 50 |
8180 | 757 | 188 | 27 | 51 | 3 | 17 | Four needles tied in a row and used as piercing instruments for tattooing. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 51 |
8181 | 757 | 188 | 27 | 15 | 3 | 17 | Giant ribs split in two and used as wooden tongs for gathering cholla joints and buds. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 15 |
8182 | 757 | 188 | 27 | 70 | 3 | 17 | Perforations bored in sticks and used to smooth rough cords. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 70 |
8183 | 757 | 188 | 27 | 62 | 3 | 17 | Ribs used as the larger of the two pieces of twisters used to make rope. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 62 |
8184 | 757 | 188 | 27 | 69 | 3 | 17 | Ribs used for the handles of skin scrapers. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 69 |
8185 | 757 | 188 | 27 | 53 | 3 | 17 | Ribs used to make several kinds of light tools. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 53 |
8190 | 757 | 189 | 151 | 14 | 3 | 17 | Trunks used to make cactus fruit picking poles. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1937, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest IV. The Aboriginal Utilization of the Tall Cacti in the American South, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5:1-48, page 14 |
8224 | 757 | 229 | 29 | 136 | 3 | 17 | Dried plant skeletons used as a straight, slender pole for knocking off ripe fruit. | Dawson, E. Yale, 1944, Some Ethnobotanical Notes on the Seri Indians, Desert Plant Life 9:133-138, page 136 |
8279 | 762 | 32 | 1 | 38 | 3 | 17 | Wood used to make tool handles. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38 |