naeb
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
id | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
8 | 1 | 86 | 14 | 173 | 3 | 30 | Pitch applied to the face of mourners. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 173 |
12 | 1 | 88 | 14 | 173 | 3 | 32 | Boughs used to line oolichan ripening pits. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 173 |
18 | 1 | 166 | 101 | 71 | 3 | 28 | Long, hard knots used to make halibut hooks. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71 |
19 | 1 | 166 | 101 | 71 | 3 | 53 | Boughs bundled up and used as home air fresheners. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71 |
27 | 1 | 259 | 10 | 97 | 3 | 53 | Boiled boughs mixed with decoctions of other plants and deer grease and used to perfume the hair. The boiled boughs were mixed with decoctions of leaves from a broad leafed plant from the Okanagan, sweet grass from the Thompson River and deer grease and then used to perfume the hair. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97 |
77 | 2 | 134 | 78 | 6 | 3 | 154 | Pitch used for waterproofing seams in canoes. | Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1952, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Malecite Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 42:1-7, page 6 |
94 | 2 | 141 | 182 | 258 | 3 | 37 | Wood used for kindling and fuel. | Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258 |
117 | 3 | 107 | 79 | 24 | 3 | 38 | Plant used for decoration at dances and in the house. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 24 |
119 | 3 | 115 | 66 | 88 | 3 | 144 | Bark used to tan buckskin. | Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 88 |
128 | 3 | 257 | 61 | 38 | 3 | 79 | Twigs used for making pipe stems. | Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 38 |
148 | 5 | 31 | 25 | 19 | 3 | 37 | Wood used for fuel. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19 |
156 | 5 | 92 | 41 | 41 | 3 | 53 | Fragrant boughs placed under bedding as an incense. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 41 |
169 | 5 | 166 | 101 | 71 | 3 | 28 | Long, hard knots used to make halibut hooks. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71 |
170 | 5 | 166 | 101 | 71 | 3 | 53 | Boughs bundled up and used as home air fresheners. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71 |
212 | 5 | 259 | 10 | 97 | 3 | 53 | Boiled boughs mixed with decoctions of other plants and deer grease and used to perfume the hair. The boiled boughs were mixed with decoctions of leaves from a broad leafed plant from the Okanagan, sweet grass from the Thompson River and deer grease and then used to perfume the hair. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97 |
213 | 5 | 259 | 10 | 97 | 3 | 58 | Boughs used by young girls to scrub the face & clothes so that they would not be bothered by bears. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97 |
240 | 6 | 23 | 26 | 36 | 3 | 30 | Chewed needles sprayed over the Horn ceremonial containers to purify them. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 36 |
241 | 6 | 23 | 26 | 36 | 3 | 30 | Needle incense used for transfer ceremonies of Black Spring tipi design & Bear Medicine Hat bundle. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 36 |
242 | 6 | 23 | 146 | 17 | 3 | 53 | Leaves used as perfume. | Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 17 |
243 | 6 | 23 | 42 | 278 | 3 | 53 | Leaves used in buckskin bags for delightful odor & mixed with grease to add fragrance to hair oil. | McClintock, Walter, 1909, Medizinal- Und Nutzpflanzen Der Schwarzfuss Indianer, Zeitschriff fur Ethnologie 41:273-9, page 278 |
244 | 6 | 23 | 26 | 107 | 3 | 53 | Needles packed with stored items, saddle pads or burned in a household smudge. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 107 |
245 | 6 | 23 | 26 | 36 | 3 | 53 | Used for incense, primarily in association with the Medicine Pipe bundles. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 36 |
246 | 6 | 23 | 26 | 36 | 3 | 26 | Needles mixed with dry paint to make it smell better. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 36 |
247 | 6 | 23 | 26 | 36 | 3 | 58 | Needle smudge used for safety's sake during severe thunderstorms. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 36 |
251 | 6 | 33 | 30 | 2 | 3 | 30 | Used by Sundancers for confidence and protection from thunder and for purification. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 2 |
252 | 6 | 33 | 30 | 2 | 3 | 30 | Used to drive away ill spirits or to revive spirits of the dying. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 2 |
263 | 6 | 76 | 30 | 2 | 3 | 53 | Boughs used as incense. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 2 |
264 | 6 | 76 | 30 | 2 | 3 | 53 | Needles placed on stoves as incense or pulverized and used as body and garment scents. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 2 |
270 | 6 | 88 | 14 | 174 | 3 | 32 | Wood used to make chairs and insect proof storage boxes for dancing regalia. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 174 |
271 | 6 | 88 | 14 | 174 | 3 | 167 | Tree used as a design on wooden drums. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 174 |
280 | 6 | 162 | 30 | 2 | 3 | 30 | Branches used to drive away ghosts and bad spirits. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 2 |
281 | 6 | 162 | 30 | 2 | 3 | 53 | Boughs burned and used as incense in sweathouses. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 2 |
298 | 6 | 233 | 92 | 50 | 3 | 132 | Cones sold for money. | Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 50 |
299 | 6 | 233 | 92 | 50 | 3 | 37 | Wood used for a long lasting fire. | Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 50 |
313 | 6 | 259 | 10 | 97 | 3 | 53 | Boiled boughs mixed with decoctions of other plants and deer grease and used to perfume the hair. The boiled boughs were mixed with decoctions of leaves from a broad leafed plant from the Okanagan, sweet grass from the Thompson River and deer grease and then used to perfume the hair. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97 |
314 | 6 | 259 | 10 | 97 | 3 | 106 | Sweet smelling bough used by 'old people' to wash their skin, to give their bodies a nice scent. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97 |
328 | 8 | 27 | 134 | 70 | 3 | 144 | Rotten wood used to smoke and tan skins. | Carrier Linguistic Committee, 1973, Plants of Carrier Country, Fort St. James, BC. Carrier Linguistic Committee, page 70 |
351 | 10 | 107 | 79 | 24 | 3 | 30 | Flowers made into ceremonial necklaces. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 24 |
376 | 15 | 24 | 31 | 29 | 3 | 37 | Considered an outstanding construction material and a fine firewood. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 29 |
383 | 15 | 188 | 27 | 40 | 3 | 28 | Fitted around deer hunters' heads and used in sizing deer head disguises. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 40 |
384 | 15 | 188 | 27 | 52 | 3 | 53 | Buds and blossoms dried and used by women as perfume sachets. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 52 |
385 | 15 | 188 | 27 | 69 | 3 | 17 | Curved rods used for fleshing and dehairing animal skins. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 69 |
386 | 15 | 188 | 27 | 20 | 3 | 17 | Short transverse sticks affixed to poles and used to dislodge saguaro fruits from the shafts. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 20 |
387 | 15 | 188 | 27 | 69 | 3 | 17 | Stems peeled of bark and thorns and used to beat sheep hides to make them more pliable. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 69 |
391 | 15 | 193 | 11 | 90 | 3 | 37 | Bushes dried and used for firewood. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 90 |
392 | 15 | 193 | 11 | 90 | 3 | 28 | Used to make bows. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 90 |
393 | 15 | 193 | 11 | 90 | 3 | 28 | Wood used to make bows. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 90 |
405 | 18 | 229 | 29 | 138 | 3 | 28 | Used to make bows. | Dawson, E. Yale, 1944, Some Ethnobotanical Notes on the Seri Indians, Desert Plant Life 9:133-138, page 138 |
411 | 22 | 31 | 25 | 40 | 3 | 28 | Used to make the wattleworks of fish traps. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 40 |
415 | 22 | 105 | 70 | 15 | 3 | 33 | Wood used to made acorn paddles. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 15 |
416 | 22 | 129 | 25 | 40 | 3 | 28 | Used to make the wattleworks of fish traps. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 40 |
419 | 22 | 166 | 101 | 90 | 3 | 32 | Wood used to make small boxes and oil containers. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 90 |
420 | 22 | 166 | 101 | 90 | 3 | 33 | Wood used to make bowls and drinking containers. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 90 |
421 | 22 | 166 | 101 | 76 | 3 | 28 | Used to make bows. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 76 |
422 | 22 | 166 | 101 | 90 | 3 | 28 | Wood used to make bows. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 90 |
423 | 22 | 209 | 25 | 40 | 3 | 28 | Used to make the wattleworks of fish traps. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 40 |
426 | 22 | 210 | 25 | 40 | 3 | 26 | Charcoal mixed with oil and used as black paint. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 40 |
429 | 22 | 241 | 25 | 40 | 3 | 17 | Saplings used to make salmon tongs. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 40 |
435 | 22 | 259 | 10 | 145 | 3 | 28 | Wood gathered while green, the heart removed and used in making bows, arrows and dipnet frames. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 145 |
436 | 22 | 259 | 10 | 145 | 3 | 17 | Wood used in making implement handles. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 145 |
437 | 23 | 21 | 53 | 200 | 3 | 33 | Bark used to make spoons. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 200 |
438 | 23 | 21 | 53 | 200 | 3 | 17 | Straight sticks tied around a tree base, ignited and burned until the tree fell. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 200 |
441 | 23 | 23 | 26 | 107 | 3 | 32 | Bark used to make paint containers. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 107 |
442 | 23 | 101 | 76 | 20 | 3 | 28 | Straight, young tree trunks used to make bows. | Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 20 |
443 | 23 | 151 | 73 | 5 | 3 | 28 | Young twigs used for making fishnet hoops. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 5 |
448 | 23 | 175 | 32 | 59 | 3 | 33 | Wood used to make screens for smoke drying racks. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59 |
449 | 23 | 175 | 32 | 59 | 3 | 33 | Wood used to make tongs for removing food from boiling water. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59 |
450 | 23 | 175 | 32 | 59 | 3 | 57 | Wood used to make teepee pegs. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59 |
451 | 23 | 175 | 32 | 59 | 3 | 37 | Wood used for fuel. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59 |
452 | 23 | 175 | 32 | 59 | 3 | 146 | Wood used to make drum hoops. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59 |
453 | 23 | 175 | 32 | 59 | 3 | 17 | Wood used to make spear handles. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59 |
454 | 23 | 175 | 32 | 59 | 3 | 24 | Wood used to make a child's first bow. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59 |
463 | 23 | 259 | 33 | 499 | 3 | 28 | Wood used for making bows. | Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 499 |
464 | 23 | 289 | 70 | 15 | 3 | 24 | Fruit used to play with. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 15 |
467 | 24 | 86 | 14 | 209 | 3 | 30 | Wood made into rattles and used by shamans. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 209 |
469 | 24 | 87 | 14 | 209 | 3 | 30 | Wood used to make frontispieces for chief's masks. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 209 |
470 | 24 | 87 | 14 | 209 | 3 | 33 | Wood used to make spoons. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 209 |
471 | 24 | 87 | 14 | 209 | 3 | 17 | Wood used to make axe handles. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 209 |
472 | 24 | 88 | 14 | 209 | 3 | 30 | Wood used to make the skulls for the shamanistic costumes. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 209 |
473 | 24 | 181 | 14 | 82 | 3 | 33 | Wood used to make spoons. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 82 |
476 | 26 | 24 | 31 | 29 | 3 | 37 | Limbs used for house construction and considered good firewood. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 29 |
477 | 26 | 31 | 25 | 39 | 3 | 33 | Dead wood used for smoking salmon. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 39 |
485 | 26 | 52 | 23 | 77 | 3 | 33 | Large leaves used for lining baskets, wrapping fish and placing on berry drying racks. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 77 |
487 | 26 | 84 | 25 | 39 | 3 | 38 | Wood used to make wood carvings. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 39 |
488 | 26 | 92 | 41 | 60 | 3 | 24 | White wood used to make rattles. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 60 |
490 | 26 | 105 | 71 | 385 | 3 | 32 | Leaves placed under and between layers of the bulbs while cooking in the earth oven. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 385 |
491 | 26 | 105 | 71 | 385 | 3 | 33 | Wood made into the paddle used for stirring the food in the cooking baskets. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 385 |
492 | 26 | 105 | 70 | 15 | 3 | 33 | Wood used to made acorn paddles. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 15 |
496 | 26 | 122 | 63 | 296 | 3 | 30 | Wood used to carve masks. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 296 |
497 | 26 | 122 | 63 | 296 | 3 | 33 | Wood used to carve dishes and spoons. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 296 |
498 | 26 | 122 | 63 | 296 | 3 | 146 | Wood used to carve rattles. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 296 |
500 | 26 | 129 | 25 | 39 | 3 | 33 | Leaves used to cover food cooking in pits. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 39 |
501 | 26 | 129 | 25 | 39 | 3 | 33 | Wood used to make dishes and spoons. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 39 |
507 | 26 | 166 | 101 | 91 | 3 | 30 | Hard, lightweight wood used to make masks and ceremonial rattles. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 91 |
508 | 26 | 166 | 101 | 91 | 3 | 33 | Hard, lightweight wood used to make bowls. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 91 |
509 | 26 | 200 | 80 | 14 | 3 | 24 | Wood used to make dice for a gambling game. | Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 14 |
510 | 26 | 202 | 40 | 70 | 3 | 24 | Branches used to make staves for a dice type gambling game. | Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 70 |
511 | 26 | 210 | 25 | 39 | 3 | 37 | Dead wood used for smoking salmon. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 39 |
514 | 26 | 217 | 23 | 77 | 3 | 37 | Wood used as an excellent fuel. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 77 |
516 | 26 | 241 | 25 | 39 | 3 | 33 | Leaves used to cover food cooking in pits. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 39 |
517 | 26 | 242 | 131 | 42 | 3 | 32 | Leaves used to cover food cooking in pits. | Theodoratus, Robert J., 1989, Loss, Transfer, and Reintroduction in the Use of Wild Plant Foods in the Upper Skagit Valley, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 23(1):35-52, page 42 |