uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
458 rows where use_subcategory = 75
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id ▼ | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
20544 | Lithocarpus densiflorus (Hook. & Arn.) Rehd. 2212 | Yurok 289 | b81 70 | 35 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Acorns considered the main staple. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 35 |
20545 | Lithocarpus densiflorus (Hook. & Arn.) Rehd. 2212 | Yurok 289 | b81 70 | 35 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Acorns leached and ground into flour. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 35 |
20546 | Lithocarpus densiflorus (Hook. & Arn.) Rehd. 2212 | Yurok, South Coast (Nererner) 290 | m66 109 | 168 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Acorns form one of the principal foods. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 168 |
20717 | Lolium temulentum L. 2229 | Pomo 200 | c02 89 | 314 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds formerly used for pinole. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 314 |
20718 | Lolium temulentum L. 2229 | Yuki 287 | c02 89 | 314 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds formerly used for pinole. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 314 |
20719 | Lomatium ambiguum (Nutt.) Coult. & Rose 2230 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 15 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Spring roots reduced to flour. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 15 |
20759 | Lomatium cous (S. Wats.) Coult. & Rose 2234 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 15 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Spring roots eaten or reduced to flour. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 15 |
20760 | Lomatium cous (S. Wats.) Coult. & Rose 2234 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 15 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Spring roots reduced to flour. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 15 |
20956 | Lomatium macrocarpum (Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray) Coult. & Rose 2243 | Okanagon 176 | teit28 144 | 238 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Roots used as a principle food. | Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 238 |
21051 | Lomatium simplex var. simplex 2252 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 15 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Spring roots reduced to flour. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 15 |
21064 | Lomatium triternatum (Pursh) Coult. & Rose 2254 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 15 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Spring roots reduced to flour. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 15 |
21369 | Lupinus sp. 2306 | Costanoan 50 | b84 16 | 250 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds used for pinole. | Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 250 |
21531 | Lycopus uniflorus Michx. 2330 | Okanagon 176 | teit28 144 | 238 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Roots used as a principle food. | Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 238 |
21764 | Madia elegans D. Don ex Lindl. 2360 | Hupa 98 | sg52 71 | 390 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds parched and pounded into a flour. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 390 |
21765 | Madia elegans D. Don ex Lindl. 2360 | Mewuk 140 | m66 109 | 338 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds roasted with hot coals, pounded or rolled into flour and eaten dry. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 338 |
21766 | Madia elegans D. Don ex Lindl. 2360 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 154 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Pulverized seeds eaten as a dry meal. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 154 |
21767 | Madia elegans D. Don ex Lindl. 2360 | Pomo 200 | b52 96 | 87 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds used to make pinoles. | Barrett, S. A., 1952, Material Aspects of Pomo Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 20, page 87 |
21768 | Madia elegans D. Don ex Lindl. 2360 | Pomo, Kashaya 202 | gl80 40 | 112 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds used to make pinole. | Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 112 |
21770 | Madia elegans ssp. densifolia (Greene) Keck 2361 | Pomo 200 | b52 96 | 87 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds used to make pinoles. | Barrett, S. A., 1952, Material Aspects of Pomo Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 20, page 87 |
21779 | Madia gracilis (Sm.) Keck & J. Clausen ex Applegate 2363 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 395 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds used to make pinole. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 395 |
21780 | Madia gracilis (Sm.) Keck & J. Clausen ex Applegate 2363 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 154 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Parched, pulverized seeds made into oily meal and readily picked up in lumps. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 154 |
21781 | Madia gracilis (Sm.) Keck & J. Clausen ex Applegate 2363 | Pomo 200 | b52 96 | 87 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds used to make pinoles. | Barrett, S. A., 1952, Material Aspects of Pomo Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 20, page 87 |
21785 | Madia sativa Molina 2364 | Pomo 200 | b52 96 | 87 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds used to make pinoles. | Barrett, S. A., 1952, Material Aspects of Pomo Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 20, page 87 |
21786 | Madia sativa Molina 2364 | Pomo 200 | b52 96 | 87 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds used to make pinoles. | Barrett, S. A., 1952, Material Aspects of Pomo Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 20, page 87 |
21788 | Madia sativa Molina 2364 | Pomo, Kashaya 202 | gl80 40 | 111 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds used to make pinole. | Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 111 |
21791 | Madia sp. 2365 | Neeshenam 160 | p74 81 | 377 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds parched, ground into flour and used for food. | Powers, Stephen, 1874, Aboriginal Botany, Proceedings of the California Academy of Science 5:373-9., page 377 |
21792 | Madia sp. 2365 | Wintoon 281 | m66 109 | 274 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds used to make pinole. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 274 |
22030 | Mahonia sp. 2377 | Okanagon 176 | teit28 144 | 239 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Berries used as a principle food. | Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 239 |
22872 | Mentzelia albicaulis (Dougl. ex Hook.) Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray 2447 | Hopi 95 | f96 72 | 20 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds parched, ground into a fine, sweet meal and eaten in pinches. | Fewkes, J. Walter, 1896, A Contribution to Ethnobotany, American Anthropologist 9:14-21, page 20 |
22882 | Mentzelia albicaulis (Dougl. ex Hook.) Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray 2447 | Paiute 183 | k32 153 | 98 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds parched, ground and eaten as meal. | Kelly, Isabel T., 1932, Ethnography of the Surprise Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31(3):67-210, page 98 |
22919 | Mentzelia multiflora var. multiflora 2455 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 37 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds parched with hot coals in an old basket, ground lightly with a special rock. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 37 |
22931 | Mentzelia sp. 2459 | Hualapai 97 | w82 127 | 52 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds considered an important staple. | Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 52 |
23415 | Monolepis nuttalliana (J.A. Schultes) Greene 2519 | Pima 193 | r08 104 | 70 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds boiled, partially dried, parched, ground and eaten as pinole. | Russell, Frank, 1908, The Pima Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #26:1-390, page 70 |
24023 | Nolina microcarpa S. Wats. 2590 | Isleta 101 | j31 76 | 35 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds used to make flour. | Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 35 |
24103 | Nuphar lutea ssp. polysepala (Engelm.) E.O. Beal 2596 | Klamath 115 | m90 111 | 29 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Dried, roasted seeds used as cereal. | Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, page 29 |
24104 | Nuphar lutea ssp. polysepala (Engelm.) E.O. Beal 2596 | Klamath 115 | c04 186 | 728 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as a staple food in primitive times. | Coville, Frederick V., 1904, Wokas, a Primitive Food of the Klamath Indians., Smithsonian Institution, US. National Museum., page 728 |
24349 | Olneya tesota Gray 2633 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 94 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Roasted pods and seeds ground into flour. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 94 |
24358 | Olneya tesota Gray 2633 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 45 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Beans parched, sun dried, stored, ground into flour and used as a staple food. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 45 |
24366 | Olneya tesota Gray 2633 | Pima 193 | c49 11 | 93 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Beans formerly pit roasted, ground, mixed with water and eaten as pinole. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 93 |
24374 | Olneya tesota Gray 2633 | Yavapai 284 | g32 201 | 211 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Dried, mashed, parched seeds ground into a meal and used to make greasy cakes. | Gifford, E. W., 1932, The Southeastern Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 29:177-252, page 211 |
24567 | Opuntia acanthocarpa Engelm. & Bigelow 2643 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 49 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Berries and stems were an important and dependable food source. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 49 |
24572 | Opuntia acanthocarpa Engelm. & Bigelow 2643 | Pima, Gila River 195 | r91 136 | 7 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Flowers pit roasted and eaten as a staple. | Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 7 |
24590 | Opuntia bigelovii Engelm. 2647 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 49 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Berries and stems were an important and dependable food source. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 49 |
24592 | Opuntia californica var. parkeri (Coult.) Pinkava 2648 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 49 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Berries and stems were an important and dependable food source. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 49 |
24605 | Opuntia echinocarpa Engelm. & Bigelow 2652 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 15 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Buds and joints used as a staple crop. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 15 |
24606 | Opuntia echinocarpa Engelm. & Bigelow 2652 | Papago 188 | cb42 160 | 59 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Pit baked buds, fruits and joints considered a staple food. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 59 |
24623 | Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck 2653 | Papago 188 | cb42 160 | 60 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Fruits and joints used as a staple food. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 60 |
24633 | Opuntia engelmannii var. engelmannii 2654 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 49 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Berries and stems were an important and dependable food source. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 49 |
24649 | Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) P. Mill. 2658 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 49 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Berries and stems were an important and dependable food source. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 49 |
24666 | Opuntia fulgida Engelm. 2660 | Papago 188 | cb42 160 | 59 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Pit baked buds, fruits and joints considered a staple food. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 59 |
24733 | Opuntia phaeacantha Engelm. 2665 | Navajo 157 | l86 121 | 14 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Dried seeds ground into flour. | Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 14 |
24791 | Opuntia ramosissima Engelm. 2669 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 49 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Berries and stems were an important and dependable food source. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 49 |
24799 | Opuntia sp. 2670 | Apache, San Carlos 13 | h08 174 | 257 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds parched, ground and flour eaten with drafts of water. | Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 257 |
24834 | Opuntia sp. 2670 | Luiseno 128 | s08 24 | 230 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds ground into a meal. | Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 230 |
24845 | Opuntia sp. 2670 | Okanagon 176 | teit28 144 | 239 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as a principle food. | Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 239 |
24866 | Opuntia spinosior (Engelm.) Toumey 2671 | Papago 188 | cb42 160 | 60 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Pit baked buds, fruits and joints considered a staple food. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 60 |
24869 | Opuntia versicolor Engelm. ex Coult. 2673 | Papago 188 | cb42 160 | 60 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Pit baked buds, fruits and joints considered a staple food. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 60 |
24928 | Oryza sativa L. 2691 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 207 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Grains used for food. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 207 |
25452 | Panicum capillare L. 2738 | Hopi 95 | f96 72 | 17 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds ground and mixed with corn meal. | Fewkes, J. Walter, 1896, A Contribution to Ethnobotany, American Anthropologist 9:14-21, page 17 |
25462 | Panicum hirticaule J. Presl 2739 | Yuma 288 | cb51 125 | 190 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds parched, winnowed and ground into flour. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 190 |
25471 | Panicum sonorum Beal 2741 | Warihio 275 | cb51 125 | 170 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds ground into flour and seasoned with salt and sugar. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 170 |
25501 | Parkinsonia microphylla Torr. 2747 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 45 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Beans parched, sun dried, stored, ground into flour and used as a staple food. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 45 |
26006 | Perideridia gairdneri (Hook. & Arn.) Mathias 2831 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 103 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Root considered a staple. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 103 |
26024 | Perideridia gairdneri (Hook. & Arn.) Mathias 2831 | Paiute, Northern 185 | f89 50 | 43 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Roots ground into flour. | Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 43 |
26045 | Perideridia gairdneri ssp. gairdneri 2832 | Pomo 200 | b52 96 | 89 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds used for pinole. | Barrett, S. A., 1952, Material Aspects of Pomo Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 20, page 89 |
26046 | Perideridia gairdneri ssp. gairdneri 2832 | Pomo 200 | b52 96 | 89 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Tubers eaten raw, cooked or used for pinole. | Barrett, S. A., 1952, Material Aspects of Pomo Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 20, page 89 |
26054 | Perideridia kelloggii (Gray) Mathias 2833 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 372 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Tubers and semifleshy roots eaten as pinole. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 372 |
26059 | Perideridia kelloggii (Gray) Mathias 2833 | Pomo 200 | b52 96 | 86 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds used to make pinoles. | Barrett, S. A., 1952, Material Aspects of Pomo Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 20, page 86 |
26248 | Peucedanum sp. 2850 | Okanagon 176 | teit28 144 | 239 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Growing stalks used as a principle food. | Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 239 |
26291 | Phaseolus acutifolius var. latifolius Freeman 2868 | Cocopa 44 | giff33 178 | 264 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Parched, ground, boiled beans and unparched maize made into a meal. | Gifford, E. W., 1933, The Cocopa, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31:263-270, page 264 |
26295 | Phaseolus acutifolius var. latifolius Freeman 2868 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 32 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as a staple crop. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 32 |
26353 | Phaseolus vulgaris L. 2873 | Menominee 138 | s23 51 | 69 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Berry used as a staple article of food. | Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 69 |
26366 | Phaseolus vulgaris L. 2873 | Tewa 257 | rhf16 61 | 100 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as a staple food. | Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 100 |
26491 | Pholisma sonorae (Torr. ex Gray) Yatskievych 2892 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 17 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as a staple root crop. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 17 |
26710 | Physalis pubescens L. 2918 | Navajo 157 | l86 121 | 17 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Berries dried, ground into a flour and stored for winter use. | Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 17 |
27447 | Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. 2953 | Okanagon 176 | teit28 144 | 239 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Cambium layer used as a principle food. | Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 239 |
27539 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 185 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Nuts eaten raw, roasted or ground into flour. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 185 |
27540 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 185 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as a staple food. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 185 |
27589 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Isleta 101 | j31 76 | 37 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Nuts formerly used as a staple food. | Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 37 |
27617 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Navajo 157 | c35 19 | 40 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Nuts hulled, parched and ground with corn meal to make a flour. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 40 |
27787 | Pinus monophylla Torr. & Fr‚m. 2965 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 185 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Nuts eaten raw, roasted or ground into flour. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 185 |
27788 | Pinus monophylla Torr. & Fr‚m. 2965 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 185 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as a staple food. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 185 |
27860 | Pinus monophylla Torr. & Fr‚m. 2965 | Paiute 183 | stew33 65 | 241 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Roasted nuts ground into flour. | Steward, Julian H., 1933, Ethnography of the Owens Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 33(3):233-250, page 241 |
28017 | Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson 2968 | Okanagon 176 | teit28 144 | 239 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Cambium layer used as a principle food. | Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 239 |
28018 | Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson 2968 | Okanagon 176 | teit28 144 | 239 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Nutlets or seeds used as a principle food. | Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 239 |
28143 | Pinus sabiniana Dougl. ex Dougl. 2975 | Pomo, Kashaya 202 | gl80 40 | 92 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Dried nut eaten whole or pounded into a flour and mixed with pinole. | Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 92 |
28322 | Piptatherum miliaceum (L.) Coss. 2985 | Paiute 183 | stew33 65 | 244 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Roasted and ground into flour. | Steward, Julian H., 1933, Ethnography of the Owens Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 33(3):233-250, page 244 |
28340 | Plagiobothrys fulvus var. campestris (Greene) I.M. Johnston 2991 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 382 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds used to make pinole. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 382 |
28341 | Plagiobothrys fulvus var. campestris (Greene) I.M. Johnston 2991 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 382 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds winnowed, parched and flour eaten dry. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 382 |
28664 | Poa fendleriana (Steud.) Vasey 3029 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 67 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds ground and eaten as a ground or parched meal. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 67 |
28717 | Pogogyne douglasii ssp. parviflora (Benth.) J.T. Howell 3034 | Numlaki 170 | c02 89 | 384 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds used as a sweet, aromatic ingredient of wheat and barley pinole. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 384 |
28718 | Pogogyne douglasii ssp. parviflora (Benth.) J.T. Howell 3034 | Yuki 287 | c02 89 | 384 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds used as a sweet, aromatic ingredient of wheat and barley pinole. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 384 |
28923 | Polygonum douglasii Greene 3064 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 18 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Parched seeds made into meal. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 18 |
29947 | Prosopis glandulosa Torr. 3153 | Apache, Mescalero 12 | b74 52 | 37 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Beans ground into flour, mixed with other plant foods and eaten. | Basehart, Harry W., 1974, Apache Indians XII. Mescalero Apache Subsistence Patterns and Socio-Political Organization, New York. Garland Publishing Inc., page 37 |
29950 | Prosopis glandulosa Torr. 3153 | Comanche 48 | cj40 147 | 523 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Pods made into a meal and used for food. | Carlson, Gustav G. and Volney H. Jones, 1940, Some Notes on Uses of Plants by the Comanche Indians, Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters 25:517-542, page 523 |
29964 | Prosopis glandulosa Torr. 3153 | Yavapai 284 | g36 48 | 257 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Pods pulverized and made into a meal for transporting. | Gifford, E. W., 1936, Northeastern and Western Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 34:247-345, page 257 |
29970 | Prosopis glandulosa var. glandulosa 3154 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 176 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Fresh pods pounded into a flour. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 176 |
29985 | Prosopis glandulosa var. glandulosa 3154 | Luiseno 128 | s08 24 | 231 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Ground beans made into a flour and used for food in some places. | Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 231 |
29995 | Prosopis glandulosa var. glandulosa 3154 | Papago 188 | cb42 160 | 60 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Fruits and seeds used for food. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 60 |
30006 | Prosopis glandulosa var. glandulosa 3154 | Yuma 288 | cb51 125 | 181 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Pods crushed or ground into a meal. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 181 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );