uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
458 rows where use_subcategory = 75
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id ▼ | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
573 | Acer negundo var. negundo 29 | Sioux 238 | b05 73 | 16 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Sap boiled down in the spring and made into sugar. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 16 |
1121 | Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth 46 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 67 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds ground and eaten as a ground or parched meal. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 67 |
1123 | Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth 46 | Hopi 95 | vest40 126 | 158 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Ground seeds used to make meal. | Vestal, Paul A, 1940, Notes on a Collection of Plants from the Hopi Indian Region of Arizona Made by J. G. Owens in 1891, Botanical Museum Leaflets (Harvard University) 8(8):153-168, page 158 |
1124 | Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth 46 | Hopi 95 | vest40 126 | 158 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Ground seeds used to make meal. | Vestal, Paul A, 1940, Notes on a Collection of Plants from the Hopi Indian Region of Arizona Made by J. G. Owens in 1891, Botanical Museum Leaflets (Harvard University) 8(8):153-168, page 158 |
1125 | Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth 46 | Hopi 95 | vest40 126 | 158 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Ground seeds used to make meal. | Vestal, Paul A, 1940, Notes on a Collection of Plants from the Hopi Indian Region of Arizona Made by J. G. Owens in 1891, Botanical Museum Leaflets (Harvard University) 8(8):153-168, page 158 |
1133 | Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth 46 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 46 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds pounded into a meal and eaten dry. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 46 |
1140 | Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth 46 | Navajo 157 | h56 141 | 154 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Ground seeds used for food. | Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 154 |
1146 | Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth 46 | Paiute 183 | m90 111 | 32 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Ground seeds used for flour. | Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, page 32 |
1147 | Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth 46 | Paiute 183 | stew33 65 | 244 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Roasted and ground into flour. | Steward, Julian H., 1933, Ethnography of the Owens Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 33(3):233-250, page 244 |
1151 | Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth 46 | Paiute, Northern 185 | f89 50 | 46 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds used as a staple food. | Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 46 |
1153 | Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth 46 | Zuni 291 | s15 6 | 67 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Ground seeds used as a staple before the availability of corn. After the introduction of corn, the ground seeds were mixed with corn meal and made into steamed balls or pats. | Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 67 |
1624 | Aesculus californica (Spach) Nutt. 73 | Yana 282 | ss43 181 | 251 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Nuts ground into a fine meal and eaten. | Sapir, Edward and Leslie Spier, 1943, Notes on the Culture of the Yana, Anthropological Records 3(3):252-253, page 251 |
1697 | Agastache pallidiflora ssp. neomexicana var. neomexicana (Briq.) R.W. Sanders 86 | Apache 10 | c35 19 | 10 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as one of the most important foods. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 10 |
1698 | Agastache pallidiflora ssp. neomexicana var. neomexicana (Briq.) R.W. Sanders 86 | Comanche 48 | c35 19 | 10 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as one of the most important foods. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 10 |
1701 | Agastache pallidiflora ssp. neomexicana var. neomexicana (Briq.) R.W. Sanders 86 | Mohave 147 | c35 19 | 10 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as one of the most important foods. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 10 |
1708 | Agastache pallidiflora ssp. neomexicana var. neomexicana (Briq.) R.W. Sanders 86 | Paiute 183 | c35 19 | 10 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as one of the most important foods. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 10 |
1709 | Agastache pallidiflora ssp. neomexicana var. neomexicana (Briq.) R.W. Sanders 86 | Papago 188 | c35 19 | 10 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as one of the most important foods. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 10 |
1711 | Agastache pallidiflora ssp. neomexicana var. neomexicana (Briq.) R.W. Sanders 86 | Ute 272 | c35 19 | 10 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as one of the most important foods. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 10 |
1712 | Agastache pallidiflora ssp. neomexicana var. neomexicana (Briq.) R.W. Sanders 86 | Yuma 288 | c35 19 | 10 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as one of the most important foods. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 10 |
1727 | Agave americana L. 89 | Apache 10 | c35 19 | 10 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as one of the most important foods. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 10 |
1731 | Agave americana L. 89 | Comanche 48 | c35 19 | 10 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as one of the most important foods. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 10 |
1732 | Agave americana L. 89 | Mohave 147 | c35 19 | 10 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as one of the most important foods. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 10 |
1733 | Agave americana L. 89 | Paiute 183 | c35 19 | 10 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as one of the most important foods. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 10 |
1736 | Agave americana L. 89 | Papago 188 | c35 19 | 10 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as one of the most important foods. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 10 |
1750 | Agave americana L. 89 | Ute 272 | c35 19 | 10 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as one of the most important foods. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 10 |
1751 | Agave americana L. 89 | Yuma 288 | c35 19 | 10 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as one of the most important foods. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 10 |
1781 | Agave deserti Engelm. 91 | Pima, Gila River 195 | r91 136 | 7 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Hearts pit roasted and used as a staple food. | Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 7 |
1801 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Apache 10 | c35 19 | 10 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as one of the most important foods. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 10 |
1833 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Comanche 48 | c35 19 | 10 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as one of the most important foods. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 10 |
1834 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Mohave 147 | c35 19 | 10 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as one of the most important foods. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 10 |
1835 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Paiute 183 | c35 19 | 10 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as one of the most important foods. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 10 |
1836 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Papago 188 | c35 19 | 10 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as one of the most important foods. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 10 |
1838 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Ute 272 | c35 19 | 10 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as one of the most important foods. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 10 |
1839 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Yuma 288 | c35 19 | 10 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as one of the most important foods. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 10 |
1849 | Agave sp. 96 | Hualapai 97 | w82 127 | 55 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Plant considered a main staple. | Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 55 |
2015 | Allenrolfea occidentalis (S. Wats.) Kuntze 130 | Maricopa 136 | cb51 125 | 187 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds harvested, winnowed, parched, ground and the meal eaten. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 187 |
2016 | Allenrolfea occidentalis (S. Wats.) Kuntze 130 | Mohave 147 | cb51 125 | 187 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds harvested, winnowed, parched, ground and the meal eaten. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 187 |
2020 | Allenrolfea occidentalis (S. Wats.) Kuntze 130 | Yuma 288 | cb51 125 | 187 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds harvested, winnowed, parched, ground and the meal eaten. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 187 |
2121 | Allium cernuum Roth 141 | Flathead 76 | h92 30 | 10 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Bulbs used as a staple food. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 10 |
2133 | Allium cernuum Roth 141 | Kutenai 120 | h92 30 | 10 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Bulbs used as a staple food. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 10 |
2153 | Allium cernuum Roth 141 | Okanagon 176 | teit28 144 | 238 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Roots used as a principle food. | Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 238 |
2701 | Amaranthus albus L. 184 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 25 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Threshed seeds ground into flour. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 25 |
2706 | Amaranthus blitoides S. Wats. 186 | Acoma 2 | c35 19 | 22 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds ground into meal. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 22 |
2717 | Amaranthus blitoides S. Wats. 186 | Laguna 124 | c35 19 | 22 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds ground into meal. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 22 |
2723 | Amaranthus blitoides S. Wats. 186 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 45 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds ground into a meal and used for food. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 45 |
2744 | Amaranthus cruentus L. 188 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 25 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Threshed seeds ground into flour. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 25 |
2776 | Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats. 191 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 46 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds ground into a meal and used for food. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 46 |
2779 | Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats. 191 | Papago 188 | c35 19 | 23 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds ground and used as food. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 23 |
2789 | Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats. 191 | Yuma 288 | cb51 125 | 189 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds parched and ground into meal. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 189 |
2813 | Amaranthus retroflexus L. 193 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 346 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Small, shiny black seeds used to make pinole. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 346 |
2832 | Amaranthus sp. 194 | Navajo 157 | c35 19 | 23 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds ground into meal and used as food. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 23 |
2887 | Ambrosia tenuifolia Spreng. 202 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 17 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Roots used as a staple crop. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 17 |
2921 | Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer 204 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 100 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Berries used as a staple food. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 100 |
3016 | Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer 204 | Okanagon 176 | teit28 144 | 238 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Berries used as a principle food. | Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 238 |
3144 | Amelanchier sp. 214 | Okanagon 176 | teit28 144 | 238 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Berries used as a principle food. | Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 238 |
4357 | Arctostaphylos glandulosa Eastw. 335 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 40 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds ground into a meal and used to make mush or cakes. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 40 |
4375 | Arctostaphylos glauca Lindl. 336 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 40 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds ground into a meal and used to make mush or cakes. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 40 |
4410 | Arctostaphylos manzanita Parry 337 | Numlaki 170 | c02 89 | 375 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Fruits eaten like pinole. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 375 |
4418 | Arctostaphylos manzanita Parry 337 | Yuki 287 | c57ii 69 | 85 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Ripe berries parched and used in pinole. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1957, Some Plants Used by the Yuki Indians ... II. Food Plants, The Masterkey 31:85-94, page 85 |
4465 | Arctostaphylos pungens Kunth 343 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 40 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds ground into a meal and used to make mush or cakes. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 40 |
4635 | Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. 347 | Okanagon 176 | teit28 144 | 239 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Berries used as a principle food. | Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 239 |
4770 | Argentina anserina (L.) Rydb. 362 | Okanagon 176 | teit28 144 | 238 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Roots used as a principle food. | Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 238 |
5729 | Artemisia tridentata Nutt. 407 | Paiute 183 | stew33 65 | 243 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds roasted, ground into flour and eaten with water. | Steward, Julian H., 1933, Ethnography of the Owens Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 33(3):233-250, page 243 |
5862 | Arthrocnemum subterminale (Parish) Standl. 412 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 135 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds ground into a meal. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 135 |
6173 | Asclepias sp. 441 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 43 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds ground into flour. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 43 |
6462 | Astragalus canadensis L. 466 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 101 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Root considered a staple. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 101 |
6732 | Atriplex sp. 517 | Pima 193 | r08 104 | 73 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds dried, parched, ground and eaten as pinole. | Russell, Frank, 1908, The Pima Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #26:1-390, page 73 |
6735 | Atriplex torreyi (S. Wats.) S. Wats. 518 | Kamia 103 | g31 180 | 24 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Pulverized seeds made into a meal. | Gifford, E. W., 1931, The Kamia of Imperial Valley, Washington, D.C. U.S. Government Printing Office, page 24 |
6760 | Avena fatua L. 528 | Luiseno 128 | s08 24 | 234 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds ground into a flour and used for food. | Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 234 |
6761 | Avena fatua L. 528 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 311 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds parched, ground and the flour eaten dry. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 311 |
6762 | Avena fatua L. 528 | Pomo 200 | b52 96 | 87 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds used to make pinoles. | Barrett, S. A., 1952, Material Aspects of Pomo Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 20, page 87 |
6771 | Avena sp. 530 | Pomo, Kashaya 202 | gl80 40 | 85 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Grain used in pinole, a very fine dry meal. | Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 85 |
6772 | Avena sp. 530 | Yuki 287 | c57ii 69 | 85 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used to make pinole. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1957, Some Plants Used by the Yuki Indians ... II. Food Plants, The Masterkey 31:85-94, page 85 |
6891 | Balsamorhiza sagittata (Pursh) Nutt. 549 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 8 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Roasted seeds ground into a flour. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 8 |
6904 | Balsamorhiza sagittata (Pursh) Nutt. 549 | Okanagon 176 | teit28 144 | 238 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Roots used as a principle food. | Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 238 |
6905 | Balsamorhiza sagittata (Pursh) Nutt. 549 | Okanagon 176 | teit28 144 | 239 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds used as a principle food. | Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 239 |
6942 | Balsamorhiza sagittata (Pursh) Nutt. 549 | Thompson 259 | steed28 33 | 491 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds pounded and flour mixed with other foods. | Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 491 |
7385 | Blennosperma nanum (Hook.) Blake 593 | Neeshenam 160 | p74 81 | 377 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds parched, ground into flour and used for food. | Powers, Stephen, 1874, Aboriginal Botany, Proceedings of the California Academy of Science 5:373-9., page 377 |
7581 | Bromus carinatus Hook. & Arn. 634 | Neeshenam 160 | p74 81 | 377 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds parched, ground into flour and used for food. | Powers, Stephen, 1874, Aboriginal Botany, Proceedings of the California Academy of Science 5:373-9., page 377 |
7591 | Bromus marginatus Nees ex Steud. 639 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 312 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds formerly used for pinole. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 312 |
7646 | Calandrinia ciliata (Ruiz & Pav¢n) DC. 661 | Costanoan 50 | b84 16 | 251 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds, in great quantities, used for pinole. | Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 251 |
7651 | Calandrinia ciliata (Ruiz & Pav¢n) DC. 661 | Numlaki 170 | c02 89 | 346 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Tiny, jet-black seeds eaten as pinole. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 346 |
7736 | Calochortus macrocarpus Dougl. 676 | Okanagon 176 | teit28 144 | 238 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Roots used as a principle food. | Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 238 |
7869 | Camassia quamash (Pursh) Greene 700 | Montana Indian 151 | h92 30 | 14 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Bulbs formerly fire baked and used as a sweet and nutritious staple. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 14 |
7903 | Camassia scilloides (Raf.) Cory 701 | Okanagon 176 | teit28 144 | 238 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Roots used as a principle food. | Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 238 |
7966 | Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. 723 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 352 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds eaten as a pinole. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 352 |
7982 | Capsicum annuum L. 724 | Pima, Gila River 195 | r91 136 | 7 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Fruits used as a staple food. | Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 7 |
8170 | Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose 757 | Papago 188 | c35 19 | 19 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds ground into flour. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 19 |
8171 | Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose 757 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 20 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds made into flour and used for food. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 20 |
8172 | Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose 757 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 45 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as a staple food. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 45 |
8208 | Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose 757 | Pima 193 | r08 104 | 71 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds ground, put into water and eaten as pinole. | Russell, Frank, 1908, The Pima Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #26:1-390, page 71 |
8220 | Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose 757 | Pima, Gila River 195 | r91 136 | 7 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Fruits used as a staple food. | Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 7 |
8257 | Carum carvi L. 761 | Cree, Woodlands 58 | l85 47 | 34 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds ground into flour. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 34 |
8294 | Carya cordiformis (Wangenh.) K. Koch 763 | Iroquois 100 | w16 112 | 123 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Nut meats crushed and added to hominy. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123 |
8349 | Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch 767 | Iroquois 100 | w16 112 | 123 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Nut meats crushed and added to hominy. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123 |
8435 | Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh. 774 | Iroquois 100 | w16 112 | 123 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Nut meats crushed and added to hominy. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123 |
8654 | Ceanothus integerrimus Hook. & Arn. 813 | Concow 49 | c02 89 | 368 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds eaten as a pinole. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 368 |
9405 | Chenopodium album L. 894 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 9 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds ground into flour and made into bread. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 9 |
9409 | Chenopodium album L. 894 | Navajo 157 | h56 141 | 149 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds ground and eaten as a nutrient. | Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 149 |
9420 | Chenopodium album L. 894 | Paiute 183 | k32 153 | 98 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Seeds parched, ground and eaten as meal. | Kelly, Isabel T., 1932, Ethnography of the Surprise Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31(3):67-210, page 98 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );