uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
438 rows where use_subcategory = 69 sorted by notes descending
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id | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes ▲ | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
41714 | Urtica dioica L. 4058 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 128 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Young shoots chewed and swallowed as a tonic to prevent sickness. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 128 |
4058 | Aralia nudicaulis L. 318 | Montagnais 150 | s17 103 | 315 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Wine made from berries taken as a tonic. | Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 315 |
36512 | Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli 3565 | Houma 96 | speck41 49 | 60 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Wine made from berries taken as a tonic. | Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 60 |
36687 | Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli 3566 | Houma 96 | speck41 49 | 60 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Wine made from berries taken as a tonic. | Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 60 |
23690 | Nepeta cataria L. 2574 | Rappahannock 211 | shc42 102 | 25 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Weak infusion of plant given to children as a tonic. | Speck, Frank G., R.B. Hassrick and E.S. Carpenter, 1942, Rappahannock Herbals, Folk-Lore and Science of Cures, Proceedings of the Delaware County Institute of Science 10:7-55., page 25 |
40139 | Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don 3951 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 20 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Weak infusion of boughs taken as a sweathouse tonic. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 20 |
1435 | Actaea racemosa var. racemosa 60 | Delaware 62 | t72 97 | 33 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Used with elecampane and stone root to make a tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 33 |
9899 | Cinchona calisaya 947 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 49 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Used to make a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49 |
4895 | Aristolochia serpentaria L. 374 | Delaware 62 | t72 97 | 39 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Used singly or combined with wintergreen to make a tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 39 |
20351 | Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume 2198 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 56 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Used for 'white swellings' and infusion taken as a spring tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 56 |
1432 | Actaea racemosa var. racemosa 60 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 30 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 30 |
3644 | Anthemis cotula L. 282 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 32 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 32 |
4174 | Aralia spinosa L. 321 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 31, 32 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 31, 32 |
4919 | Armoracia rusticana P.G. Gaertn. 377 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 39 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 39 |
11767 | Cunila origanoides (L.) Britt. 1168 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 32 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 32 |
14420 | Euonymus americana L. 1574 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 38 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38 |
14484 | Eupatorium perfoliatum L. 1580 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 26 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 26 |
14545 | Eupatorium pilosum Walt. 1581 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 38 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38 |
14774 | Foeniculum vulgare P. Mill. 1619 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 33 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 33 |
22248 | Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. 2391 | Makah 133 | g83 3 | 268 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Used as a tonic. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
22572 | Melissa officinalis L. 2437 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 24 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 24 |
34290 | Rubus allegheniensis Porter 3438 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 26 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 26 |
34353 | Rubus argutus Link 3442 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 26 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 26 |
34417 | Rubus flagellaris Willd. 3448 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 26 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 26 |
35053 | Rubus trivialis Michx. 3471 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 26 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 26 |
38452 | Solidago odora Ait. 3740 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 36 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 36 |
42977 | Veronicastrum virginicum (L.) Farw. 4127 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 31 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 31 |
43353 | Vitis aestivalis Michx. 4169 | Choctaw 39 | c51 138 | 287 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Used as a tonic. | Campbell, T.N., 1951, Medicinal Plants Used by Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Creek Indians in the Early Nineteenth Century, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41(9):285-290, page 287 |
22258 | Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. 2391 | Nitinaht 166 | g83 3 | 268 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Used as a tonic to 'repair the damage done by the elder' during puberty rites. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
4889 | Aristolochia serpentaria L. 374 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 55 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Used as a tonic for typhus fevers. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 55 |
17507 | Hydrastis canadensis L. 1928 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 36 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Used as a tonic and wash for local inflammations. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 36 |
16851 | Heracleum maximum Bartr. 1851 | Makah 133 | g83 3 | 293 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Used as a spring tonic. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 293 |
1888 | Ageratina altissima var. roanensis (Small) Clewell & Woot. 99 | Choctaw 39 | c51 138 | 288 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Used as a 'warming stimulant and tonic.' | Campbell, T.N., 1951, Medicinal Plants Used by Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Creek Indians in the Early Nineteenth Century, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41(9):285-290, page 288 |
1980 | Aletris farinosa L. 126 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 57 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Tonic used for child bed fever and to strengthen womb. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 57 |
7474 | Brassica napus L. 617 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 46 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Taken as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
7488 | Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch 618 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 46 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Taken as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
24893 | Orbexilum pedunculatum var. psoralioides (Walt.) Isely 2676 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 55 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Taken as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 55 |
37255 | Sassafras albidum (Nutt.) Nees 3589 | Iroquois 100 | h77 7 | 334 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Taken as a tonic. | Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 334 |
38070 | Sinapis alba L. 3689 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 46 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Taken as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
39295 | Tanacetum vulgare L. 3892 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 58 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Taken as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 58 |
43695 | Xanthorhiza simplicissima Marsh. 4213 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 62 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Taken as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 62 |
42866 | Verbena hastata L. 4108 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 60 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Taken as a general or breast complaint tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 60 |
43344 | Vitis aestivalis Michx. 4169 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 37 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Taken as a 'fall tonic.' | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 37 |
43430 | Vitis labrusca L. 4176 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 37 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Taken as a 'fall tonic.' | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 37 |
43474 | Vitis vulpina L. 4184 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 37 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Taken as a 'fall tonic.' | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 37 |
9452 | Chenopodium ambrosioides L. 895 | Rappahannock 211 | shc42 102 | 30 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Stewed seeds taken as a tonic. | Speck, Frank G., R.B. Hassrick and E.S. Carpenter, 1942, Rappahannock Herbals, Folk-Lore and Science of Cures, Proceedings of the Delaware County Institute of Science 10:7-55., page 30 |
18493 | Juniperus communis L. 2054 | Micmac 141 | cfh79 35 | 57 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Stems used in a tonic and bark used for tuberculosis. | Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 57 |
17942 | Ipomopsis aggregata ssp. aggregata 1996 | Shoshoni 232 | tha41 12 | 76, 77 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Simple or compound decoction of whole plant taken as a blood tonic. | Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 76, 77 |
15772 | Gentiana saponaria L. 1717 | Dakota 61 | g19 17 | 109 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Simple or compound decoction of root taken as a tonic. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 109 |
15773 | Gentiana saponaria L. 1717 | Winnebago 280 | g19 17 | 109 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Simple or compound decoction of root taken as a tonic. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 109 |
18563 | Juniperus communis var. montana Ait. 2055 | Paiute 183 | tha41 12 | 91, 92 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Seeds from dried fruit eaten as a blood tonic. | Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 91, 92 |
2571 | Alnus rubra Bong. 172 | Saanich 215 | tb71 23 | 79 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Sap used as a tonic. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 79 |
1359 | Acorus calamus L. 55 | Omaha 177 | g13ii 154 | 334 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Rootstock chewed as a tonic. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 334 |
17805 | Inula helenium L. 1984 | Delaware 62 | t72 97 | 33 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Roots used with black snakeroot and stone root as a tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 33 |
28688 | Podophyllum peltatum L. 3033 | Delaware 62 | t72 97 | 38 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Roots used to make a spring tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 38 |
35324 | Rumex crispus L. 3485 | Paiute 183 | stew33 65 | 317 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Roots used for the tonic properties. | Steward, Julian H., 1933, Ethnography of the Owens Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 33(3):233-250, page 317 |
8573 | Caulophyllum thalictroides (L.) Michx. 806 | Iroquois 100 | h77 7 | 333 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Roots used as a tonic. | Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 333 |
10887 | Cornus florida L. 1093 | Delaware 62 | t72 97 | 31 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Roots used as a tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 31 |
20155 | Liatris scariosa var. scariosa 2169 | Omaha 177 | g13ii 154 | 335 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Roots used as a tonic. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 335 |
22946 | Menyanthes trifoliata L. 2462 | Aleut 5 | bt53 130 | 427 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Roots used as a powerful ingredient in a tonic. | Bank, II, Theodore P., 1953, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands II. Health and Medical Lore of the Aleuts, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 427 |
25355 | Panax quinquefolius L. 2733 | Delaware 62 | t72 97 | 32 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Roots and other plant parts used as a general tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 32 |
3754 | Apocynum androsaemifolium L. 296 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 6 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root, poisonous in large doses, used as a tonic. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 6 |
37260 | Sassafras albidum (Nutt.) Nees 3589 | Mohegan 149 | t72 97 | 75, 132 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root, leaves and bark mixed with other herbs to make a tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 75, 132 |
35297 | Rumex crispus L. 3485 | Mohegan 149 | t72 97 | 75, 132 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root used to make a tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 75, 132 |
28691 | Podophyllum peltatum L. 3033 | Delaware, Oklahoma 63 | t42 22 | 32, 78 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root used to make a spring tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 32, 78 |
20816 | Lomatium dissectum var. multifidum (Nutt.) Mathias & Constance 2237 | Blackfoot 23 | m09 42 | 274 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root used to make a drink taken as a tonic for 'people in a weakened condition.' | McClintock, Walter, 1909, Medizinal- Und Nutzpflanzen Der Schwarzfuss Indianer, Zeitschriff fur Ethnologie 41:273-9, page 274 |
17808 | Inula helenium L. 1984 | Delaware, Oklahoma 63 | t42 22 | 31, 76 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root used in tonic taken for 'strengthening digestive organs.' | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 31, 76 |
21975 | Mahonia repens (Lindl.) G. Don 2376 | Karok 105 | b81 70 | 38 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root used in a tonic. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 38 |
36954 | Sanguinaria canadensis L. 3572 | Delaware, Oklahoma 63 | t42 22 | 80 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root used in a tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 80 |
6033 | Asarum canadense L. 421 | Micmac 141 | cfh79 35 | 55 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root used for cramps and as a stomachic. | Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 55 |
14554 | Eupatorium purpureum L. 1582 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 41, 42 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root used for 'female problems' and infusion of root used as a tonic during pregnancy. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 41, 42 |
15154 | Frasera caroliniensis Walt. 1651 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 30 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root used as tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 30 |
1876 | Ageratina altissima var. altissima 98 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 56 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 56 |
1985 | Aletris farinosa L. 126 | Micmac 141 | cfh79 35 | 54 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root used as a tonic. | Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 54 |
4002 | Aralia hispida Vent. 317 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 40 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root used as a tonic. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 40 |
4062 | Aralia nudicaulis L. 318 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 7 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root used as a tonic. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 7 |
8043 | Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood 730 | Micmac 141 | cfh79 35 | 56 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root used as a tonic. | Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 56 |
15781 | Gentianella quinquefolia ssp. quinquefolia 1719 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 35 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 35 |
17030 | Heuchera americana L. 1865 | Chickasaw 35 | c51 138 | 286287 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root used as a tonic. | Campbell, T.N., 1951, Medicinal Plants Used by Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Creek Indians in the Early Nineteenth Century, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41(9):285-290, page 286287 |
17032 | Heuchera americana L. 1865 | Choctaw 39 | c51 138 | 286287 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root used as a tonic. | Campbell, T.N., 1951, Medicinal Plants Used by Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Creek Indians in the Early Nineteenth Century, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41(9):285-290, page 286287 |
17034 | Heuchera americana L. 1865 | Creek 59 | c51 138 | 286287 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root used as a tonic. | Campbell, T.N., 1951, Medicinal Plants Used by Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Creek Indians in the Early Nineteenth Century, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41(9):285-290, page 286287 |
25346 | Panax quinquefolius L. 2733 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 36 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 36 |
28905 | Polygonum bistorta L. 3058 | Aleut 5 | ven40 193 | 263 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root used as a tonic. | Veniamenov, I., 1840, Notes on the Islands in the Unalaska District, St. Petersburg -- Translated by HRAF, page 263 |
31443 | Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn 3214 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 33 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 33 |
27347 | Pimpinella anisum L. 2945 | Delaware, Oklahoma 63 | t42 22 | 28 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root used as a stomach tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 28 |
28815 | Polygonatum biflorum (Walt.) Ell. 3048 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 56 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root used as a mild tonic for 'general debility.' | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 56 |
39388 | Taraxacum officinale G.H. Weber ex Wiggers 3894 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 54 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root used as a bitter tonic. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 54 |
4896 | Aristolochia serpentaria L. 374 | Delaware, Oklahoma 63 | t42 22 | 32, 74 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root used alone or with wintergreen as a tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 32, 74 |
25394 | Panax quinquefolius L. 2733 | Mohegan 149 | t72 97 | 74, 130 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root used alone or in combination to make a tonic. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 74, 130 |
4302 | Arctium minus Bernh. 328 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 363 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root supposed to have tonic effect. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 363 |
3151 | Amelanchier stolonifera Wieg. 215 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 76 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root bark used to make a tonic. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 76 |
10765 | Cornus alternifolia L. f. 1088 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 32 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root bark used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 32 |
10884 | Cornus florida L. 1093 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 32 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root bark used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 32 |
43123 | Viburnum nudum var. cassinoides (L.) Torr. & Gray 4133 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 62 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root bark used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 62 |
43013 | Viburnum acerifolium L. 4128 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 62 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root bark taken as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 62 |
43174 | Viburnum prunifolium L. 4136 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 62 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root bark taken as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 62 |
38208 | Smilax laurifolia L. 3711 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 24 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root bark astringent and slightly tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 24 |
8830 | Cephalanthus occidentalis L. 832 | Choctaw 39 | c51 138 | 287 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root bark and bark used as a tonic. | Campbell, T.N., 1951, Medicinal Plants Used by Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Creek Indians in the Early Nineteenth Century, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41(9):285-290, page 287 |
36934 | Sanguinaria canadensis L. 3572 | Algonquin, Quebec 7 | b80 67 | 171 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Rhizomes used to make a medicinal tonic. | Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 171 |
524 | Acer macrophyllum Pursh 26 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 147 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Raw sap used as a tonic in the olden days. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 147 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );