uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
438 rows where use_subcategory = 69 sorted by rawsource
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id | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource ▼ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5579 | Artemisia tilesii Ledeb. 406 | Eskimo, Alaska 67 | aa80 152 | 38 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Infusion of plant taken daily as a tonic. | Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 38 |
21975 | Mahonia repens (Lindl.) G. Don 2376 | Karok 105 | b81 70 | 38 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root used in a tonic. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 38 |
22471 | Matricaria discoidea DC. 2423 | Aleut 5 | bt53 130 | 426 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Plant used to make a tonic. | Bank, II, Theodore P., 1953, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands II. Health and Medical Lore of the Aleuts, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 426 |
3522 | Angelica lucida L. 265 | Aleut 5 | bt53 130 | 427 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Leaves used to make a tonic for colds. | Bank, II, Theodore P., 1953, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands II. Health and Medical Lore of the Aleuts, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 427 |
5861 | Artemisia vulgaris var. kamtschatica Bess. 411 | Aleut 5 | bt53 130 | 427 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Decoction of leaves taken as a tonic, especially good 'for dying persons.' | Bank, II, Theodore P., 1953, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands II. Health and Medical Lore of the Aleuts, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 427 |
15885 | Geum calthifolium Menzies ex Sm. 1732 | Aleut 5 | bt53 130 | 427 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Decoction of root taken as a tonic. | Bank, II, Theodore P., 1953, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands II. Health and Medical Lore of the Aleuts, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 427 |
22946 | Menyanthes trifoliata L. 2462 | Aleut 5 | bt53 130 | 427 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Roots used as a powerful ingredient in a tonic. | Bank, II, Theodore P., 1953, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands II. Health and Medical Lore of the Aleuts, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 427 |
28387 | Plantago macrocarpa Cham. & Schlecht. 3000 | Aleut 5 | bt53 130 | 428 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Decoction of root taken as a tonic. | Bank, II, Theodore P., 1953, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands II. Health and Medical Lore of the Aleuts, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 428 |
15074 | Frangula californica ssp. occidentalis (T.J. Howell) Kartesz & Gandhi 1645 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 131 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Infusion of berries taken as a tonic. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 131 |
19641 | Larrea tridentata var. tridentata 2102 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 83 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Infusion of stems and leaves mixed with honey and used as a general health tonic before breakfast. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 83 |
36934 | Sanguinaria canadensis L. 3572 | Algonquin, Quebec 7 | b80 67 | 171 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Rhizomes used to make a medicinal tonic. | Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 171 |
38530 | Sorbus americana Marsh. 3758 | Algonquin, Quebec 7 | b80 67 | 177 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Infusion of inner bark and sweet flag used as a tonic. | Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 177 |
19763 | Ledum groenlandicum Oeder 2125 | Algonquin, Quebec 7 | b80 67 | 214 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Infusion of plant used as a tonic. | Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 214 |
3754 | Apocynum androsaemifolium L. 296 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 6 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root, poisonous in large doses, used as a tonic. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 6 |
4062 | Aralia nudicaulis L. 318 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 7 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root used as a tonic. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 7 |
5031 | Artemisia cana Pursh 392 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 7 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Decoction of leaves used as a general tonic. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 7 |
21986 | Mahonia repens (Lindl.) G. Don 2376 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 8 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Decoction of root bark used as a tonic. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 8 |
14323 | Erythrina herbacea L. 1558 | Choctaw 39 | bd09 118 | 23 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Decoction of leaves taken as a general tonic. | Bushnell, Jr., David I., 1909, The Choctaw of Bayou Lacomb, St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana, SI-BAE Bulletin #48, page 23 |
38240 | Smilax tamnoides L. 3715 | Choctaw 39 | bd09 118 | 23 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Decoction of stems taken as a general tonic. | Bushnell, Jr., David I., 1909, The Choctaw of Bayou Lacomb, St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana, SI-BAE Bulletin #48, page 23 |
17030 | Heuchera americana L. 1865 | Chickasaw 35 | c51 138 | 286287 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root used as a tonic. | Campbell, T.N., 1951, Medicinal Plants Used by Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Creek Indians in the Early Nineteenth Century, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41(9):285-290, page 286287 |
17032 | Heuchera americana L. 1865 | Choctaw 39 | c51 138 | 286287 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root used as a tonic. | Campbell, T.N., 1951, Medicinal Plants Used by Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Creek Indians in the Early Nineteenth Century, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41(9):285-290, page 286287 |
17034 | Heuchera americana L. 1865 | Creek 59 | c51 138 | 286287 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root used as a tonic. | Campbell, T.N., 1951, Medicinal Plants Used by Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Creek Indians in the Early Nineteenth Century, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41(9):285-290, page 286287 |
8830 | Cephalanthus occidentalis L. 832 | Choctaw 39 | c51 138 | 287 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root bark and bark used as a tonic. | Campbell, T.N., 1951, Medicinal Plants Used by Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Creek Indians in the Early Nineteenth Century, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41(9):285-290, page 287 |
43353 | Vitis aestivalis Michx. 4169 | Choctaw 39 | c51 138 | 287 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Used as a tonic. | Campbell, T.N., 1951, Medicinal Plants Used by Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Creek Indians in the Early Nineteenth Century, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41(9):285-290, page 287 |
1888 | Ageratina altissima var. roanensis (Small) Clewell & Woot. 99 | Choctaw 39 | c51 138 | 288 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Used as a 'warming stimulant and tonic.' | Campbell, T.N., 1951, Medicinal Plants Used by Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Creek Indians in the Early Nineteenth Century, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41(9):285-290, page 288 |
38330 | Solanum sp. 3727 | Comanche 48 | cj40 147 | 524 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Decoction of root taken as a general tonic. | Carlson, Gustav G. and Volney H. Jones, 1940, Some Notes on Uses of Plants by the Comanche Indians, Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters 25:517-542, page 524 |
19993 | Leucanthemum vulgare Lam. 2154 | Mohegan 149 | cw45 62 | 121 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Dandelion and white daisy used to make wines and taken as tonics. | Carr, Lloyd G. and Carlos Westey, 1945, Surviving Folktales & Herbal Lore Among the Shinnecock Indians, Journal of American Folklore 58:113-123, page 121 |
19996 | Leucanthemum vulgare Lam. 2154 | Shinnecock 231 | cw45 62 | 121 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Dandelion and white daisy used to make wines and taken as tonics. | Carr, Lloyd G. and Carlos Westey, 1945, Surviving Folktales & Herbal Lore Among the Shinnecock Indians, Journal of American Folklore 58:113-123, page 121 |
39379 | Taraxacum officinale G.H. Weber ex Wiggers 3894 | Mohegan 149 | cw45 62 | 121 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Dandelion and white daisy used to make wines and taken as tonics. | Carr, Lloyd G. and Carlos Westey, 1945, Surviving Folktales & Herbal Lore Among the Shinnecock Indians, Journal of American Folklore 58:113-123, page 121 |
39393 | Taraxacum officinale G.H. Weber ex Wiggers 3894 | Shinnecock 231 | cw45 62 | 121 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Dandelion and white daisy used to make wines and taken as tonics. | Carr, Lloyd G. and Carlos Westey, 1945, Surviving Folktales & Herbal Lore Among the Shinnecock Indians, Journal of American Folklore 58:113-123, page 121 |
1985 | Aletris farinosa L. 126 | Micmac 141 | cfh79 35 | 54 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root used as a tonic. | Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 54 |
6033 | Asarum canadense L. 421 | Micmac 141 | cfh79 35 | 55 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root used for cramps and as a stomachic. | Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 55 |
8043 | Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood 730 | Micmac 141 | cfh79 35 | 56 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Root used as a tonic. | Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 56 |
18493 | Juniperus communis L. 2054 | Micmac 141 | cfh79 35 | 57 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Stems used in a tonic and bark used for tuberculosis. | Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 57 |
30638 | Prunus serotina Ehrh. 3177 | Micmac 141 | cfh79 35 | 60 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Fruit used as a tonic. | Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 60 |
30911 | Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr. 3182 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 356 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Inner bark used in a tonic. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 356 |
13184 | Ephedra viridis Coville 1407 | Hopi 95 | c74 82 | 312 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Dried flowers and stems taken as a tonic. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 312 |
13224 | Ephedra viridis Coville 1407 | Tewa 257 | c74 82 | 312 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Dried flowers and stems taken as a tonic. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 312 |
24524 | Oplopanax horridus Miq. 2640 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 85 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Decoction of inner bark from young spring growth used as a tonic. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 85 |
28791 | Polygala senega L. 3046 | Chippewa 38 | d28 4 | 336 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Compound decoction of root or dried root alone taken as a tonic. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 336 |
5258 | Artemisia frigida Willd. 397 | Chippewa 38 | d28 4 | 364 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Compound infusion or decoction of root taken as a tonic. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 364 |
6489 | Astragalus crassicarpus Nutt. 472 | Chippewa 38 | d28 4 | 364 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Compound decoction of root taken as a tonic. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 364 |
15319 | Fraxinus sp. 1661 | Chippewa 38 | d28 4 | 364 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Decoction of inner bark taken as a tonic. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 364 |
19734 | Lathyrus venosus Muhl. ex Willd. 2116 | Chippewa 38 | d28 4 | 364 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Decoction of root taken as a tonic. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 364 |
33940 | Rosa arkansana Porter 3419 | Chippewa 38 | d28 4 | 364 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Compound decoction of root taken as a tonic. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 364 |
38483 | Solidago speciosa var. rigidiuscula Torr. & Gray 3746 | Chippewa 38 | d28 4 | 364 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Decoction of root and stalk taken as a tonic. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 364 |
7217 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Menominee 138 | d32 176 | 131 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Decoction of branch tips used as a tonic. | Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 131 |
6350 | Asclepias tuberosa L. 447 | Menominee 138 | d32 176 | 132 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Decoction of pounded root taken as a tonic. | Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 132 |
10528 | Comptonia peregrina (L.) Coult. 1055 | Menominee 138 | d32 176 | 133 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Compound decoction of root taken as a mild tonic. | Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 133 |
35883 | Salix humilis Marsh. 3532 | Menominee 138 | d32 176 | 133 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Decoction of stalk taken as a general tonic. | Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 133 |
10228 | Clematis ligusticifolia Nutt. 1019 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 47 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Plant used as tonic after deliverance. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 47 |
1026 | Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC. 42 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 79 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Plant used in a tonic. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 79 |
37736 | Sequoia sempervirens (Lamb. ex D. Don) Endl. 3654 | Pomo 200 | g67 80 | 11 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Infusion of gummy sap taken as a tonic. | Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 11 |
30378 | Prunus emarginata (Dougl. ex Hook.) D. Dietr. 3166 | Makah 133 | g83 3 | 266 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Bark used as a tonic. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 266 |
22248 | Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. 2391 | Makah 133 | g83 3 | 268 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Used as a tonic. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
22257 | Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. 2391 | Nitinaht 166 | g83 3 | 268 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Bark and roots used as a tonic for young men in training. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
22258 | Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. 2391 | Nitinaht 166 | g83 3 | 268 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Used as a tonic to 'repair the damage done by the elder' during puberty rites. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
16851 | Heracleum maximum Bartr. 1851 | Makah 133 | g83 3 | 293 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Used as a spring tonic. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 293 |
1359 | Acorus calamus L. 55 | Omaha 177 | g13ii 154 | 334 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Rootstock chewed as a tonic. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 334 |
11621 | Cucurbita foetidissima Kunth 1161 | Omaha 177 | g13ii 154 | 335 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Plant used as a tonic. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 335 |
16379 | Gymnocladus dioicus (L.) K. Koch 1791 | Omaha 177 | g13ii 154 | 335 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Bark used as a tonic. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 335 |
20155 | Liatris scariosa var. scariosa 2169 | Omaha 177 | g13ii 154 | 335 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Roots used as a tonic. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 335 |
16496 | Hedeoma sp. 1807 | Dakota 61 | g13i 91 | 363 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Infusion of plants taken as a tonic appetizer in diet of sick. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 363 |
15772 | Gentiana saponaria L. 1717 | Dakota 61 | g19 17 | 109 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Simple or compound decoction of root taken as a tonic. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 109 |
15773 | Gentiana saponaria L. 1717 | Winnebago 280 | g19 17 | 109 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Simple or compound decoction of root taken as a tonic. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 109 |
38012 | Silphium laciniatum L. 3686 | Pawnee 190 | g19 17 | 132 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Decoction of root taken for general debility. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 132 |
15591 | Gaultheria procumbens L. 1702 | Chippewa 38 | gil33 15 | 138 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Decoction of plants taken as spring and fall tonic to keep blood in good order. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 138 |
7658 | Calla palustris L. 662 | Gitksan 78 | ga88 165 | 26 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Plant used in a spiritual spring tonic. | Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, page 26 |
5 | Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes 1 | Haisla 86 | g92 166 | 152 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Bark and other plants used as a tonic. | Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
268 | Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt. 6 | Gitksan 78 | g92 166 | 152 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Decoction of bark or inner bark used as a tonic. | Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
318 | Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt. 6 | Wet'suwet'en 278 | g92 166 | 152 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Decoction of bark or inner bark used as a tonic. | Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
2501 | Alnus rubra Bong. 172 | Haisla 86 | g92 166 | 152 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Bark used as a tonic. | Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
2676 | Alnus viridis ssp. sinuata (Regel) A.& D. L”ve 177 | Gitksan 78 | g92 166 | 152 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Bark and other plants used as a tonic. | Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
24443 | Oplopanax horridus Miq. 2640 | Gitksan 78 | g92 166 | 152 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Decoction of inner bark used as a tonic. | Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
24459 | Oplopanax horridus Miq. 2640 | Haisla 86 | g92 166 | 152 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Decoction of inner bark used as a tonic. | Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
24560 | Oplopanax horridus Miq. 2640 | Wet'suwet'en 278 | g92 166 | 152 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Decoction of inner bark used as a tonic. | Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
26939 | Picea glauca (Moench) Voss 2934 | Gitksan 78 | g92 166 | 152 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Decoction of bark or inner bark used as a tonic. | Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
27044 | Picea glauca (Moench) Voss 2934 | Wet'suwet'en 278 | g92 166 | 152 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Decoction of bark or inner bark used as a tonic. | Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
27419 | Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. 2953 | Gitksan 78 | g92 166 | 152 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Decoction of bark used as a tonic. | Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
38566 | Sorbus scopulina Greene 3761 | Wet'suwet'en 278 | g92 166 | 152 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Bark used as a tonic. | Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
20823 | Lomatium dissectum var. multifidum (Nutt.) Mathias & Constance 2237 | Cheyenne 33 | g72 39 | 182 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Infusion of dried, powdered roots taken as a tonic. | Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 182 |
20824 | Lomatium dissectum var. multifidum (Nutt.) Mathias & Constance 2237 | Cheyenne 33 | g72 39 | 182 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Infusion of pulverized stems and leaves used as a tonic. | Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 182 |
31315 | Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii 3201 | Swinomish 253 | g73 25 | 19 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Decoction of needles taken as a general tonic. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19 |
19039 | Juniperus scopulorum Sarg. 2062 | Swinomish 253 | g73 25 | 21 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Infusion of leaves taken as a general tonic. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21 |
16088 | Goodyera oblongifolia Raf. 1763 | Cowlitz 53 | g73 25 | 26 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Infusion of plants taken as a tonic. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 26 |
36099 | Salix sitchensis Sanson ex Bong. 3550 | Klallam 114 | g73 25 | 26 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Decoction of peeled bark taken as a tonic. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 26 |
36106 | Salix sitchensis Sanson ex Bong. 3550 | Skagit 241 | g73 25 | 26 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Decoction of peeled bark taken as a tonic. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 26 |
6055 | Asarum caudatum Lindl. 422 | Skagit 241 | g73 25 | 28 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Decoction of leaves taken as a tonic. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 28 |
41840 | Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. 4059 | Samish 221 | g73 25 | 28 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Decoction of plant taken as a general tonic. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 28 |
41854 | Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. 4059 | Swinomish 253 | g73 25 | 28 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Decoction of plant taken as a general tonic. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 28 |
10168 | Claytonia sibirica L. 1007 | Skagit 241 | g73 25 | 29 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Infusion of plants taken as a general tonic. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 29 |
21849 | Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. 2370 | Samish 221 | g73 25 | 30 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Infusion of roots taken as a general tonic. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30 |
21866 | Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. 2370 | Swinomish 253 | g73 25 | 30 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Infusion of roots taken as a general tonic. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30 |
33593 | Ribes laxiflorum Pursh 3376 | Lummi 129 | g73 25 | 32 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Decoction of leaves and twigs taken as a general tonic. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 32 |
5907 | Aruncus dioicus var. vulgaris (Maxim.) Hara 416 | Quileute 209 | g73 25 | 33 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Infusion of pounded roots taken as a general tonic. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33 |
17325 | Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim. 1904 | Makah 133 | g73 25 | 33 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Decoction of bark taken as a tonic by convalescents and athletes. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33 |
15687 | Gaultheria shallon Pursh 1703 | Skagit 241 | g73 25 | 43 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Infusion of leaves taken as a convalescent tonic. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43 |
21102 | Lonicera ciliosa (Pursh) Poir. ex DC. 2259 | Skagit 241 | g73 25 | 48 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Decoction of leaves applied to the body as a strengthening tonic. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 48 |
945 | Achillea millefolium L. 38 | Quinault 210 | g73 25 | 49 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Decoction of roots taken as a general tonic. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49 |
22572 | Melissa officinalis L. 2437 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 24 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Used as a tonic. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 24 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );