uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
308 rows where use_subcategory = 63 sorted by pageno
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id | species | tribe | source | pageno ▼ | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
4639 | Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. 347 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 100 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Roasted, dried leaves mixed with tobacco and smoked. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 100 |
4431 | Arctostaphylos nevadensis Gray 338 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 101 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Roasted, dried leaves mixed with tobacco and smoked. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 101 |
4522 | Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. 347 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 101 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Crushed leaves smoked with tobacco. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 101 |
4627 | Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. 347 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 101 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Leaves toasted and used as a tobacco. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 101 |
4429 | Arctostaphylos nevadensis Gray 338 | Klamath 115 | c97 66 | 102 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Dried leaves mixed with tobacco and used for smoking. | Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 102 |
4443 | Arctostaphylos patula Greene 340 | Klamath 115 | c97 66 | 102 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Dried leaves mixed with tobacco and used for smoking. | Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 102 |
4449 | Arctostaphylos patula Greene 340 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 102 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Fire dried, pulverized leaves smoked with other plants or alone. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 102 |
11005 | Cornus sericea ssp. sericea 1102 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 102 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Dried cambium greased, crushed and mixed with smoking tobacco. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 102 |
23810 | Nicotiana attenuata Torr. ex S. Wats. 2577 | Tewa 257 | rhf16 61 | 103104 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Dried leaves and other plant parts smoked in pipes and cigarettes. | Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 103104 |
4598 | Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. 347 | Makah 133 | ttco83 101 | 104 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Leaves used for smoking. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 104 |
4610 | Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. 347 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 104 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Leaves dried or roasted and smoked. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 104 |
4612 | Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. 347 | Nootka 167 | ttco83 101 | 104 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Leaves used for smoking. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 104 |
23753 | Nicotiana attenuata Torr. ex S. Wats. 2577 | Klamath 115 | c97 66 | 104 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Leaves used for smoking. | Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 104 |
23856 | Nicotiana obtusifolia var. obtusifolia 2580 | Havasupai 89 | spier28 164 | 105 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Leaves used for smoking. | Spier, Leslie, 1928, Havasupai Ethnography, Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History 29(3):101-123, 284-285, page 105 |
10795 | Cornus amomum P. Mill. 1089 | Dakota 61 | g19 17 | 107 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Fragrant inner bark dried and used for smoking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 107 |
10811 | Cornus amomum P. Mill. 1089 | Omaha 177 | g19 17 | 107 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Fragrant inner bark dried and used for smoking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 107 |
10812 | Cornus amomum P. Mill. 1089 | Pawnee 190 | g19 17 | 107 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Fragrant inner bark dried and used for smoking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 107 |
10813 | Cornus amomum P. Mill. 1089 | Ponca 205 | g19 17 | 107 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Fragrant inner bark dried and used for smoking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 107 |
10815 | Cornus amomum P. Mill. 1089 | Winnebago 280 | g19 17 | 107 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Fragrant inner bark dried and used for smoking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 107 |
4640 | Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. 347 | Pawnee 190 | g19 17 | 108 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Leaves smoked like tobacco. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 108 |
4641 | Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. 347 | Pawnee 190 | g19 17 | 108 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Leaves used for smoking, like tobacco. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 108 |
11038 | Cornus sericea ssp. sericea 1102 | Dakota 61 | g19 17 | 108 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Plant used for smoking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 108 |
11118 | Cornus sericea ssp. sericea 1102 | Omaha 177 | g19 17 | 108 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Plant used for smoking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 108 |
11123 | Cornus sericea ssp. sericea 1102 | Ponca 205 | g19 17 | 108 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Plant used for smoking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 108 |
23789 | Nicotiana attenuata Torr. ex S. Wats. 2577 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 108 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Roasted, dried leaves and small twigs used for smoking. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 108 |
23863 | Nicotiana obtusifolia var. obtusifolia 2580 | Papago 188 | cb42 160 | 108 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Used for smoking. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 108 |
23864 | Nicotiana obtusifolia var. obtusifolia 2580 | Pima 193 | cb42 160 | 108 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Used for smoking. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 108 |
23987 | Nicotiana tabacum L. 2587 | Papago 188 | cb42 160 | 108 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Used for smoking. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 108 |
23988 | Nicotiana tabacum L. 2587 | Pima 193 | cb42 160 | 108 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Used for smoking. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 108 |
23749 | Nicotiana attenuata Torr. ex S. Wats. 2577 | Hopi 95 | cb42 160 | 109 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Used for smoking. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 109 |
23790 | Nicotiana attenuata Torr. ex S. Wats. 2577 | Papago 188 | cb42 160 | 109 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Used for smoking. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 109 |
23791 | Nicotiana attenuata Torr. ex S. Wats. 2577 | Pima 193 | cb42 160 | 109 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Used for smoking. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 109 |
23858 | Nicotiana obtusifolia var. obtusifolia 2580 | Hopi 95 | cb42 160 | 109 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Used for smoking. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 109 |
11083 | Cornus sericea ssp. sericea 1102 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 11 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Inner bark dried and mixed with tobacco as a substitute for kinnikinnick. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 11 |
23989 | Nicotiana tabacum L. 2587 | Pima 193 | cb42 160 | 110 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Used for smoking. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 110 |
23940 | Nicotiana rustica L. 2585 | Pima 193 | cb42 160 | 111 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Used for smoking. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 111 |
23871 | Nicotiana quadrivalvis Pursh 2583 | Dakota 61 | g19 17 | 113114 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Plant cultivated and used for smoking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 113114 |
23873 | Nicotiana quadrivalvis Pursh 2583 | Omaha 177 | g19 17 | 113114 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Plant cultivated and used for smoking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 113114 |
23875 | Nicotiana quadrivalvis Pursh 2583 | Pawnee 190 | g19 17 | 113114 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Plant cultivated and used for smoking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 113114 |
23876 | Nicotiana quadrivalvis Pursh 2583 | Ponca 205 | g19 17 | 113114 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Plant cultivated and used for smoking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 113114 |
23878 | Nicotiana quadrivalvis Pursh 2583 | Winnebago 280 | g19 17 | 113114 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Plant cultivated and used for smoking. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 113114 |
23908 | Nicotiana quadrivalvis var. bigelovii (Torr.) DeWolf 2584 | Pomo, Kashaya 202 | gl80 40 | 115 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Dried leaves used as tobacco. | Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 115 |
33307 | Rhus typhina L. 3355 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 116 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Leaves mixed with tobacco to cause it to smoke pleasantly. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 116 |
10237 | Clematis ligusticifolia Nutt. 1019 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 117 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Stem smoked by children. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 117 |
4642 | Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. 347 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 118 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Leaves mixed with tobacco. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 118 |
11125 | Cornus sericea ssp. sericea 1102 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 118 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Toasted, shredded bark used as kinnikinnick or smoking material. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 118 |
23985 | Nicotiana tabacum L. 2587 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 118 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Leaves chewed and smoked. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 118 |
5085 | Artemisia douglasiana Bess. 394 | Pomo, Kashaya 202 | gl80 40 | 119 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Dried leaves used as tobacco. | Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 119 |
4531 | Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. 347 | Carrier 27 | h49 34 | 12 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Leaves mixed with tobacco and smoked. | Hocking, George M., 1949, From Pokeroot to Penicillin, The Rocky Mountain Druggist, November 1949. Pages 12, 38., page 12 |
18553 | Juniperus communis var. montana Ait. 2055 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 12 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Dried fruits added to flavor tobacco. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 12 |
23860 | Nicotiana obtusifolia var. obtusifolia 2580 | Mohave 147 | cb51 125 | 120 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Wild tobacco smoked. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 120 |
23865 | Nicotiana obtusifolia var. obtusifolia 2580 | Yuma 288 | cb51 125 | 120 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Wild tobacco smoked. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 120 |
20800 | Lomatium dissectum (Nutt.) Mathias & Constance 2235 | Paiute, Northern 185 | f89 50 | 129 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Roots smoked for pleasure. | Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 129 |
32926 | Rhus glabra L. 3347 | Chippewa 38 | gil33 15 | 135 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Leaves dried and smoked. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 135 |
4547 | Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. 347 | Cheyenne 33 | h81 57 | 14 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Leaves mixed with skunkbush leaves in the absence of tobacco and smoked. | Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 14 |
11019 | Cornus sericea ssp. sericea 1102 | Cheyenne 33 | h81 57 | 14 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Inner bark mixed with skunkbush leaves in the absence of tobacco and smoked. | Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 14 |
23870 | Nicotiana quadrivalvis Pursh 2583 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 14 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Leaves used for ritual smoking. Ritual smoking was begun by an orderly, who filled the pipe and passed it, unlit, to the man sitting next to the officiating ceremonialist. This man had the favored position because of his wealth in bundle ownership. He drew on the unlit pipe four times and then passed it back to the orderly, who lit the pipe and gave it to the man next to the distinguished bundle owner. This man drew on the pipe four times (not inhaling) and blew the smoke upward. Then the pipe was passed sunwise (clockwise) to each participant until it reached the door of the tipi, whence it was returned to the orderly. The pipe was not passed across the door to the other side of the lodge, where women and children were seated. If the pipe went out during the smoke, it was given to the orderly, who cleaned and refilled it. The manner in which the participant received the pipe varied according to bundle ownership. Thus, a Medicine Pipe bundle owner would grasp the pipe roughly with both hands half clenched, imitating the actions of a bear. A ceremony in which smoking had special significance was the Big Smoke, or All Smoking, ceremony. This ceremony was confined to ceremonialists, diviners, and bundle owners. They gathered for the single purpose of recounting their prestigious and wealthy positions in the tribe. The Big Smoke commenced at sundown and continued until day break, and there was continuous use of many pipes. Four songs were allowed to be sung for each bundle owned; participants would often qualify for sixteen songs or more. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 14 |
33103 | Rhus trilobata Nutt. 3352 | Cheyenne 33 | h81 57 | 14 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Leaves dried, mixed with tobacco and smoked. | Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 14 |
23765 | Nicotiana attenuata Torr. ex S. Wats. 2577 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 140 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Leaves used for smoking. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 140 |
2885 | Ambrosia tenuifolia Spreng. 202 | Navajo 157 | h56 141 | 151 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Herb mixed with tobacco. | Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 151 |
10992 | Cornus sericea ssp. sericea 1102 | Abnaki 1 | r47 84 | 159 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Bark used for smoking. | Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 159 |
26569 | Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. 2901 | Apache, White Mountain 15 | r29 45 | 159 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Reeds filled with tobacco and used as a cigarette. | Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 159 |
23872 | Nicotiana quadrivalvis Pursh 2583 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 16 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Used in compound for smoking and the delicate tobacco from flower was never chewed. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 16 |
39495 | Taxus brevifolia Nutt. 3902 | Klallam 114 | g73 25 | 16 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Needles dried, pulverized and used in place of tobacco for smoking. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16 |
39552 | Taxus brevifolia Nutt. 3902 | Samish 221 | g73 25 | 16 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Needles dried, pulverized and used in place of tobacco for smoking. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16 |
39558 | Taxus brevifolia Nutt. 3902 | Swinomish 253 | g73 25 | 16 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Needles dried, pulverized and used in place of tobacco for smoking. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16 |
23750 | Nicotiana attenuata Torr. ex S. Wats. 2577 | Hopi 95 | vest40 126 | 166 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Used very much. | Vestal, Paul A, 1940, Notes on a Collection of Plants from the Hopi Indian Region of Arizona Made by J. G. Owens in 1891, Botanical Museum Leaflets (Harvard University) 8(8):153-168, page 166 |
44447 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 17 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Shucks used for cigarette wrappings and used in the peyote ceremony. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 17 |
10993 | Cornus sericea ssp. sericea 1102 | Abnaki 1 | r47 84 | 170 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Shredded bark used for smoking. | Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 170 |
1214 | Acorus calamus L. 55 | Cheyenne 33 | g72 39 | 171 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Pulverized root and red willow bark used for smoking. | Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 171 |
44483 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 18 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Dry husks of young corn used to roll cigarettes, when paper not available. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 18 |
32915 | Rhus glabra L. 3347 | Cheyenne 33 | g72 39 | 180 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Leaves mixed with tobacco and used for smoking. | Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 180 |
33102 | Rhus trilobata Nutt. 3352 | Cheyenne 33 | g72 39 | 180 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Dried leaves mixed with tobacco and used for smoking. | Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 180 |
36175 | Salix sp. 3551 | Eskimo, Inuktitut 71 | w78 64 | 182 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Dried leaves added to tobacco in place of shelf fungus. | Wilson, Michael R., 1978, Notes on Ethnobotany in Inuktitut, The Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology 8:180-196, page 182 |
4548 | Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. 347 | Cheyenne 33 | g72 39 | 183 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Leaves mixed with tobacco or red willow and used to smoke in a pipe. | Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 183 |
11018 | Cornus sericea ssp. sericea 1102 | Cheyenne 33 | g72 39 | 183 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Dried, pulverized under bark mixed with tobacco and used for smoking. | Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 183 |
42474 | Vaccinium vitis-idaea ssp. minus (Lodd.) Hult‚n 4090 | Eskimo, Inuktitut 71 | w78 64 | 183 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Leaves used as a tobacco additive or substitute. | Wilson, Michael R., 1978, Notes on Ethnobotany in Inuktitut, The Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology 8:180-196, page 183 |
23943 | Nicotiana sp. 2586 | Eskimo, Inuktitut 71 | w78 64 | 184 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Plant chewed rather than smoked. | Wilson, Michael R., 1978, Notes on Ethnobotany in Inuktitut, The Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology 8:180-196, page 184 |
5584 | Artemisia tilesii Ledeb. 406 | Eskimo, Inuktitut 71 | w78 64 | 186 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Used as a tobacco quid additive. | Wilson, Michael R., 1978, Notes on Ethnobotany in Inuktitut, The Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology 8:180-196, page 186 |
29209 | Populus balsamifera L. 3095 | Eskimo, Inuktitut 71 | w78 64 | 188 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Leaf galls used with or as tobacco. | Wilson, Michael R., 1978, Notes on Ethnobotany in Inuktitut, The Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology 8:180-196, page 188 |
26179 | Petasites frigidus (L.) Fries 2840 | Eskimo, Inuktitut 71 | w78 64 | 189 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Dried, burned plant ashes added to chewing tobacco. | Wilson, Michael R., 1978, Notes on Ethnobotany in Inuktitut, The Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology 8:180-196, page 189 |
29175 | Populus angustifolia James 3094 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 19 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Inner bark used for 'kinnikinnick.' | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19 |
29218 | Populus balsamifera L. 3095 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 19 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Inner bark used for 'kinnikinnick.' | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19 |
29389 | Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh. 3098 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 19 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Inner bark used for 'kinnikinnick.' | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19 |
29635 | Populus tremuloides Michx. 3106 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 19 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Inner bark used for 'kinnikinnick.' | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19 |
4571 | Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. 347 | Eskimo, Inuktitut 71 | w78 64 | 191 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Leaves used as an additive to or substitute for tobacco. | Wilson, Michael R., 1978, Notes on Ethnobotany in Inuktitut, The Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology 8:180-196, page 191 |
4555 | Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. 347 | Clallam 41 | f80 99 | 199 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Leaves pulverized and smoked before the introduction of tobacco and presently mixed with tobacco. | Fleisher, Mark S., 1980, The Ethnobotany of the Clallam Indians of Western Washington, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 14(2):192-210, page 199 |
39453 | Taxus brevifolia Nutt. 3902 | Clallam 41 | f80 99 | 199 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Needles mixed with tobacco and smoked. | Fleisher, Mark S., 1980, The Ethnobotany of the Clallam Indians of Western Washington, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 14(2):192-210, page 199 |
4589 | Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. 347 | Jemez 102 | c30 28 | 20 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Dried leaves smoked as tobacco. | Cook, Sarah Louise, 1930, The Ethnobotany of Jemez Indians., University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 20 |
14775 | Foeniculum vulgare P. Mill. 1619 | Hopi 95 | f96 72 | 20 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Plant used as a substitute for tobacco. | Fewkes, J. Walter, 1896, A Contribution to Ethnobotany, American Anthropologist 9:14-21, page 20 |
32314 | Quercus nigra L. 3276 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 21 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Leaves used as a substitute for paper in rolling cigarettes. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 21 |
4686 | Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. 347 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 211 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Dried or toasted leaves alone or mixed with tobacco and used for smoking. Too much smoking of these leaves was said to make one dizzy. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 211 |
32518 | Quercus stellata Wangenh. 3290 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 22 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Leaves used as cigarette wrappers for the peyote ceremony. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 22 |
23949 | Nicotiana sp. 2586 | Luiseno 128 | s08 24 | 229 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Plant formerly used as tobacco. | Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 229 |
4570 | Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. 347 | Eskimo, Arctic 68 | p53 171 | 23 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Leaves powdered, dried, used as a substitute for tobacco or mixed with the tobacco and smoked. | Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 23 |
4584 | Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. 347 | Heiltzuk 91 | c93 14 | 239 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Leaves smoked like tobacco. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 239 |
20208 | Ligusticum canbyi (Coult. & Rose) Coult. & Rose 2177 | Crow 60 | h92 30 | 24 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Root shavings added to tobacco and kinnikinnick and smoked. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 24 |
40295 | Thymophylla acerosa (DC.) Strother 3952 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 24 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Leaves mixed with tobacco for the flavor. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 24 |
23746 | Nicotiana attenuata Torr. ex S. Wats. 2577 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 240 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Leaves smoked for pleasure. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 240 |
23855 | Nicotiana obtusifolia var. obtusifolia 2580 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 240 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Leaves smoked for pleasure. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 240 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );