uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
474 rows where use_subcategory = 59 sorted by rawsource
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id | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource ▼ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
36032 | Salix pulchra Cham. 3545 | Eskimo, Alaska 67 | aa80 152 | 34 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Leaves soaked in seal oil and saved for future use. | Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 34 |
35215 | Rumex arcticus Trautv. 3483 | Eskimo, Alaska 67 | aa80 152 | 35 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Boiled leaves mixed with seal oil and preserved for months. | Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 35 |
34385 | Rubus chamaemorus L. 3445 | Eskimo, Alaska 67 | aa80 152 | 36 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries stored with seal oil in barrels or sealskin pokes for winter use. | Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 36 |
37335 | Saxifraga nelsoniana ssp. nelsoniana 3594 | Eskimo, Alaska 67 | aa80 152 | 36 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Leaves preserved in seal oil for later use. | Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 36 |
13094 | Empetrum nigrum ssp. hermaphroditum (Lange ex Hagerup) B”cher 1394 | Eskimo, Alaska 67 | aa80 152 | 37 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries preserved in seal oil for use in fall and winter. | Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 37 |
20250 | Ligusticum scoticum ssp. hultenii (Fern.) Calder & Taylor 2182 | Eskimo, Alaska 67 | a39 167 | 715 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Cut, mixed with fish and boiled for winter use. | Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715 |
36033 | Salix pulchra Cham. 3545 | Eskimo, Alaska 67 | a39 167 | 715 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Young shoots and catkins stored in oil for winter use. | Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715 |
15007 | Fragaria virginiana Duchesne 1640 | Ojibwa 173 | ahj81 135 | 2220 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries used fresh or preserved. | Arnason, Thor, Richard J. Hebda and Timothy Johns, 1981, Use of Plants for Food and Medicine by Native Peoples of Eastern Canada, Canadian Journal of Botany 59(11):2189-2325, page 2220 |
34372 | Rubus canadensis L. 3444 | Ojibwa 173 | ahj81 135 | 2223 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries used preserved. | Arnason, Thor, Richard J. Hebda and Timothy Johns, 1981, Use of Plants for Food and Medicine by Native Peoples of Eastern Canada, Canadian Journal of Botany 59(11):2189-2325, page 2223 |
34722 | Rubus occidentalis L. 3461 | Ojibwa 173 | ahj81 135 | 2224 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries used preserved. | Arnason, Thor, Richard J. Hebda and Timothy Johns, 1981, Use of Plants for Food and Medicine by Native Peoples of Eastern Canada, Canadian Journal of Botany 59(11):2189-2325, page 2224 |
20509 | Lithocarpus densiflorus (Hook. & Arn.) Rehd. 2212 | Karok 105 | b81 70 | 35 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Acorn flour stored in large storage baskets. People would camp in groves when harvesting the fruit. Certain villages had certain fruit crops. Fruits were gathered after they had fallen from the trees, but before insects invaded them. While younger men hunted, the remainder of the people played games centered around removing the shells from the seed. When the seeds were ground, a basket with a hole in the bottom large enough to include the stone mortar was placed over the mortar to keep the acorn flour in place. It was then leached in sand with cold water. The finished flour was mixed with water to make a paste which could be cooked in several ways. A gruel was most often made by cooking the paste in cooking baskets. Hot rocks were placed into the paste to bring it to boiling. The rocks were kept from burning the basket with 'acorn paddles.' The rocks were placed in and out of the gruel with twigs bent into a U-shape. Males ate gruel with wooden spoons, the females used mussel shells. The cake of acorn meal that formed around the hot rocks was given to children as sort of a treat. Gruel was flavored with venison, herbs, etc. The paste was occasionally baked as patties in hot coals. Flour was stored in large storage baskets. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 35 |
27755 | Pinus lambertiana Dougl. 2964 | Karok 105 | b81 70 | 44 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Roasted seeds stored for winter use. The cones were placed in a trench and covered with dirt. A fire was built on top. After roasting, the cones were broken open to release the seeds. Some were stored over winter. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 44 |
31984 | Quercus douglasii Hook. & Arn. 3256 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 142 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Whole acorns stored for winter use. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 142 |
32215 | Quercus kelloggii Newberry 3270 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 142 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Whole acorns stored for winter use. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 142 |
32260 | Quercus lobata N‚e 3272 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 142 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Whole acorns stored for winter use. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 142 |
32594 | Quercus wislizeni A. DC. 3295 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 142 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Whole acorns stored for winter use. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 142 |
1616 | Aesculus californica (Spach) Nutt. 73 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 148 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Nuts stored for long periods and resorted to only when the acorn crop failed. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 148 |
8536 | Castilleja sp. 797 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 153 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Dried seeds stored for winter use then parched, pounded and eaten dry. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 153 |
9733 | Chlorogalum pomeridianum (DC.) Kunth 922 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 157 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Stored, dried bulbs used for food. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 157 |
21322 | Lupinus latifolius Lindl. ex J.G. Agardh 2292 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 159 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Steamed leaves and flowers dried and stored for winter use. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 159 |
4211 | Arbutus menziesii Pursh 322 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 161 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Dried berries stored for winter consumption, chewed but never swallowed. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 161 |
4407 | Arctostaphylos manzanita Parry 337 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 161 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Dried berries stored for winter consumption, chewed but never swallowed. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 161 |
4502 | Arctostaphylos tomentosa (Pursh) Lindl. 346 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 161 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Dried berries stored for winter consumption, chewed but never swallowed. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 161 |
4699 | Arctostaphylos viscida Parry 348 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 161 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Dried berries stored for winter consumption, chewed but never swallowed. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 161 |
40658 | Trifolium willdenowii Spreng. 4015 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 161 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Steamed, dried leaves soaked in water or boiled before eating in winter. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 161 |
17286 | Hirschfeldia incana (L.) LagrŠze-Fossat 1899 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 47 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Leaves and seeds used as an important winter food. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 47 |
10057 | Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus 979 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 55 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Cut, peeled into strips and dried for winter use. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 55 |
11393 | Crataegus douglasii var. douglasii 1124 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 11 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fruit mixed with choke cherries and service berries pressed into cakes and dried for winter use. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 11 |
14876 | Fragaria sp. 1635 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 12 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries dried and stored for winter use. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 12 |
21186 | Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. 2265 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 15 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fruit dried and stored for winter use. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 15 |
30244 | Prunus americana Marsh. 3160 | Crow 60 | b05 73 | 19 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Ripe plums dried for winter use. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19 |
30919 | Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr. 3182 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 19 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Crushed, dried fruit strips stored for winter use. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19 |
25740 | Pediomelum esculentum (Pursh) Rydb. 2783 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 20 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Peeled, sliced roots dried for winter use. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 20 |
37784 | Shepherdia argentea (Pursh) Nutt. 3657 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 23 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fruit dried for winter use. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 23 |
42067 | Vaccinium membranaceum Dougl. ex Torr. 4077 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 25 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fruit dried for winter. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25 |
3000 | Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer 204 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 6 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Large quantities of berries gathered and dried for winter use. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 6 |
7902 | Camassia scilloides (Raf.) Cory 701 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 9 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Bulbs baked in the ground by hot stones and dried for winter use. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 9 |
6568 | Asyneuma prenanthoides (Dur.) McVaugh 497 | Costanoan 50 | b84 16 | 254 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Bulbs eaten in winter and early spring. | Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 254 |
2262 | Allium sp. 160 | Costanoan 50 | b84 16 | 255 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Bulbs gathered in winter and used for food. | Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 255 |
27541 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 185 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Nuts stored in baskets or pottery jars. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 185 |
27789 | Pinus monophylla Torr. & Fr‚m. 2965 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 185 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Nuts stored in baskets or pottery jars. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 185 |
22447 | Martynia sp. 2419 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 189 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Seeds stored in pottery, gourd or water-basket receptacles. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 189 |
30311 | Prunus angustifolia Marsh. 3162 | Comanche 48 | cj40 147 | 523 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Stored fruits used for food. | Carlson, Gustav G. and Volney H. Jones, 1940, Some Notes on Uses of Plants by the Comanche Indians, Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters 25:517-542, page 523 |
8304 | Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch 765 | Comanche 48 | cj40 147 | 531 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Nuts stored for winter use. | Carlson, Gustav G. and Volney H. Jones, 1940, Some Notes on Uses of Plants by the Comanche Indians, Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters 25:517-542, page 531 |
18261 | Juglans nigra L. 2034 | Comanche 48 | cj40 147 | 531 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Nuts stored for winter use. | Carlson, Gustav G. and Volney H. Jones, 1940, Some Notes on Uses of Plants by the Comanche Indians, Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters 25:517-542, page 531 |
18232 | Juglans major (Torr.) Heller 2033 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 42 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Nut meats mixed with mesquite gravy or ground with roasted mescal and stored. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 42 |
32059 | Quercus gambelii Nutt. 3263 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 42 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Acorns roasted slightly, pounded, mixed with dried meat and stored away in hide containers. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 42 |
32156 | Quercus grisea Liebm. 3267 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 42 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Ripe acorns roasted slightly, pounded and mixed with dried meat and stored. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 42 |
33804 | Robinia neomexicana Gray 3405 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 42 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Pods cooked and stored. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 42 |
11407 | Crataegus erythropoda Ashe 1125 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 44 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fruit pressed into pulpy cakes, dried and stored for winter use. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 44 |
23470 | Morus microphylla Buckl. 2530 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 44 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fruit pressed into pulpy cakes, dried and stored for winter use. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 44 |
34360 | Rubus arizonensis Focke 3443 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 44 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fruit pressed into pulpy cakes, dried and stored for winter use. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 44 |
30978 | Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. 3183 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 46 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fruits ground, pressed and saved for winter. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 46 |
25469 | Panicum sonorum Beal 2741 | Cocopa 44 | cb51 125 | 170 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Seeds harvested, winnowed and stored for winter use. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 170 |
25461 | Panicum hirticaule J. Presl 2739 | Cocopa 44 | cb51 125 | 175 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Seeds stored in ollas for future use. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 175 |
16591 | Helianthus annuus L. 1821 | Mohave 147 | cb51 125 | 187 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Seeds stored in gourds or ollas. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 187 |
2731 | Amaranthus caudatus L. 187 | Cocopa 44 | cb51 125 | 200 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Plants cooked, rolled into a ball, baked and stored. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 200 |
2734 | Amaranthus caudatus L. 187 | Mohave 147 | cb51 125 | 200 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Plants cooked, rolled into a ball, baked and stored for future use. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 200 |
2735 | Amaranthus caudatus L. 187 | Mohave 147 | cb51 125 | 200 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Plants cooked, rolled into a ball, baked and stored. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 200 |
2772 | Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats. 191 | Cocopa 44 | cb51 125 | 200 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Plants cooked, rolled into a ball, baked and stored. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 200 |
2775 | Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats. 191 | Mohave 147 | cb51 125 | 200 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Plants cooked, rolled into a ball, baked and stored. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 200 |
2792 | Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats. 191 | Yuma 288 | cb51 125 | 200 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Plants cooked, rolled into a ball, baked and stored for future use. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 200 |
29053 | Polyporus harlowii 3082 | Isleta 101 | c35 19 | 33 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fungi stored for winter use. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 33 |
24773 | Opuntia polyacantha Haw. 2667 | San Felipe 222 | c35 19 | 36 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Joints singed in hot coals, boiled and dried with sweet corn to make a winter use food. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 36 |
7900 | Camassia scilloides (Raf.) Cory 701 | Gosiute 79 | c11 38 | 364 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Bulbs formerly preserved for winter use. | Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 364 |
26036 | Perideridia gairdneri ssp. gairdneri 2832 | Gosiute 79 | c11 38 | 365 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Roots preserved in quantity for winter use. | Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 365 |
34620 | Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray 3457 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 355 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fruits dried or canned for winter use. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 355 |
4401 | Arctostaphylos manzanita Parry 337 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 375 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Ripe berries stored as a winter use food. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 375 |
42333 | Vaccinium parvifolium Sm. 4085 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 101 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries preserved for future use. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 101 |
35008 | Rubus spectabilis Pursh 3470 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 113 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries preserved for winter use. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 113 |
40967 | Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg. 4043 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 180 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Cambium dried, pounded, served with oolichan grease and Pacific crabapples and used as winter food. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 180 |
36869 | Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa 3569 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 229 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries formerly an important winter food. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 229 |
43057 | Viburnum edule (Michx.) Raf. 4130 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 232 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries stored with oolichan grease in barrels for winter use. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 232 |
42269 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 247 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries boiled and stored in barrels of oolichan grease for winter use. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 247 |
33378 | Ribes bracteosum Dougl. ex Hook. 3361 | Hanaksiala 88 | c93 14 | 253 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fruit cooked & stored underground in barrels with elderberries & cooked western dock for winter use. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 253 |
35199 | Rumex aquaticus var. fenestratus (Greene) Dorn 3482 | Hanaksiala 88 | c93 14 | 260 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Plant cooked & stored underground in barrels with stink currants & red elderberries for winter use. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 260 |
22217 | Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. 2391 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 265 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fruit boiled and stored in the cooking water or oil for winter use. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 265 |
43059 | Viburnum edule (Michx.) Raf. 4130 | Kitasoo 112 | c93 14 | 329 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries stored for future use. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 329 |
37849 | Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. 3658 | Kitasoo 112 | c93 14 | 331 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries canned for future use. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 331 |
22228 | Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. 2391 | Kitasoo 112 | c93 14 | 342 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fruit stored in water and topped with mammal or fish grease or oil. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 342 |
12958 | Egregia menziesii (Turner) Areschoug 1372 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 44 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Plant and herring eggs salted and stored for future use. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 44 |
21759 | Macrocystis integrifolia Bory 2357 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 45 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Plant and herring eggs preserved in brine for future use. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 45 |
23729 | Nereocystis luetkeana (Mert.) Post. & Rupr. 2576 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 46 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Plant and herring eggs salted for storage. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 46 |
37874 | Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. 3658 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 93 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries canned for future use. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 93 |
42192 | Vaccinium ovalifolium Sm. 4082 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 97 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries preserved for future use. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 97 |
42193 | Vaccinium ovalifolium Sm. 4082 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 99 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries preserved for winter use. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 99 |
42427 | Vaccinium uliginosum L. 4088 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 99 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries preserved for winter use. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 99 |
42059 | Vaccinium membranaceum Dougl. ex Torr. 4077 | Klamath 115 | c97 66 | 103 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Dried berries stored for winter use. | Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 103 |
2977 | Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer 204 | Klamath 115 | c97 66 | 97 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Dried berries stored for winter use. | Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 97 |
38087 | Sisymbrium irio L. 3692 | Pima 193 | c49 11 | 84 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Seeds stored and used as a winter food. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 84 |
2090 | Allium cepa L. 140 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 31 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Onions singed, to remove the strong taste, dried and stored for winter use. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 31 |
2146 | Allium cernuum Roth 141 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 31 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Onions singed, to remove the strong taste, dried and stored for winter use. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 31 |
2202 | Allium macropetalum Rydb. 151 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 31 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Onions singed, to remove the strong taste, dried and stored for winter use. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 31 |
43887 | Yucca baccata Torr. 4225 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 32 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Baked or dried fruits ground, made into small cakes, roasted again and stored for winter use. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 32 |
43888 | Yucca baccata Torr. 4225 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 32 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fruit cut in half, dried and stored for winter use. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 32 |
44139 | Yucca glauca Nutt. 4230 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 33 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fruit sliced and dried for winter use. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 33 |
2822 | Amaranthus retroflexus L. 193 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 46 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Leaves boiled and canned. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 46 |
10328 | Cleome serrulata Pursh 1026 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 50 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Young plants boiled, rolled into balls, dried and stored for the winter. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 50 |
3168 | Amelanchier utahensis Koehne 216 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 52 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fruits dried and preserved for winter use. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 52 |
12274 | Daucus pusillus Michx. 1246 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 67 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Roots dried for winter use. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 67 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );