uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
474 rows where use_subcategory = 59
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id ▼ | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
26340 | Phaseolus vulgaris L. 2873 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 227 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Beans stored in granaries or in frame houses for later use. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 227 |
26357 | Phaseolus vulgaris L. 2873 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 33 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Beans cultivated and stored for use during the winter. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 33 |
26672 | Physalis heterophylla Nees 2914 | Dakota 61 | g13i 91 | 362 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fruit dried and stored for winter use. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 362 |
27358 | Pinus albicaulis Engelm. 2949 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 27 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Seeds gathered and stored for winter use. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 27 |
27364 | Pinus albicaulis Engelm. 2949 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 101 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Cooked, crushed seeds mixed with dried berries and preserved for winter use. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 101 |
27365 | Pinus albicaulis Engelm. 2949 | Thompson 259 | steed28 33 | 492 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Seeds cooked, crushed, mixed with dried service berries and preserved for winter use. | Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 492 |
27541 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 185 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Nuts stored in baskets or pottery jars. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 185 |
27591 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Isleta 101 | j31 76 | 37 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Nuts gathered and stored for winter use. | Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 37 |
27601 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Keresan 108 | w45 90 | 562 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Nuts gathered in large quantities, roasted and eaten during the winter. | White, Leslie A, 1945, Notes on the Ethnobotany of the Keres, Papers of the Michigan Academy of Arts, Sciences and Letters 30:557-568, page 562 |
27661 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 12 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Nuts gathered and stored for winter use. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 12 |
27662 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 12 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Roasted, ground nuts made into sun dried cakes and stored for winter. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 12 |
27697 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Zuni 291 | s15 6 | 70 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Nuts gathered in great quantities, toasted and stored for winter use. | Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 70 |
27748 | Pinus jeffreyi Grev. & Balf. 2963 | Paiute, Northern 185 | f89 50 | 53 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Sap crystallized, gathered and stored for winter use. | Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 53 |
27754 | Pinus lambertiana Dougl. 2964 | Karok 105 | sg52 71 | 378 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Nuts roasted and stored for winter use. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 378 |
27755 | Pinus lambertiana Dougl. 2964 | Karok 105 | b81 70 | 44 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Roasted seeds stored for winter use. The cones were placed in a trench and covered with dirt. A fire was built on top. After roasting, the cones were broken open to release the seeds. Some were stored over winter. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 44 |
27778 | Pinus lambertiana Dougl. 2964 | Pomo, Kashaya 202 | gl80 40 | 93 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Nuts, inside the cone, dried for winter use. | Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 93 |
27789 | Pinus monophylla Torr. & Fr‚m. 2965 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 185 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Nuts stored in baskets or pottery jars. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 185 |
27833 | Pinus monophylla Torr. & Fr‚m. 2965 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 50 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Unhulled seeds strung on cord, dried and stored in sacks for winter use. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 50 |
27864 | Pinus monophylla Torr. & Fr‚m. 2965 | Paiute 183 | stew33 65 | 241 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Nuts gathered in great quantity and stored for future use. | Steward, Julian H., 1933, Ethnography of the Owens Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 33(3):233-250, page 241 |
27927 | Pinus muricata D. Don 2967 | Pomo, Kashaya 202 | gl80 40 | 92 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Nuts dried for winter use. | Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 92 |
28012 | Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson 2968 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 29 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Seeds stored for winter use. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 29 |
28145 | Pinus sabiniana Dougl. ex Dougl. 2975 | Pomo, Kashaya 202 | gl80 40 | 92 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Nuts dried for winter use. | Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 92 |
28482 | Plantago maritima L. 3002 | Alaska Native 4 | h53 132 | 45 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Plant canned for winter use. | Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 45 |
28822 | Polygonatum biflorum (Walt.) Ell. 3048 | Cherokee 32 | w77 161 | 252 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Rhizomes boiled and eaten especially during winter. | Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 252 |
28823 | Polygonatum biflorum (Walt.) Ell. 3048 | Cherokee 32 | perry75 86 | 47 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Stems & leaves mixed with bean salad & wanegedum, blanched and boiled for three hours in a can. | Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 47 |
28858 | Polygonum alpinum All. 3051 | Eskimo, Inupiat 72 | j83 54 | 45 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Stalks boiled and stored in a barrel for winter use. | Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska. Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 45 |
29053 | Polyporus harlowii 3082 | Isleta 101 | c35 19 | 33 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fungi stored for winter use. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 33 |
29720 | Porphyra perforata J. Agardh 3111 | Pomo 200 | g67 80 | 10 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Plant made into a cake, cooked in earth oven and stored for winter consumption. | Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 10 |
29774 | Portulaca oleracea L. 3116 | Isleta 101 | j31 76 | 39 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Plants dried in ovens, stored and used as greens in the winter. | Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 39 |
30032 | Prosopis glandulosa var. torreyana (L. Benson) M.C. Johnston 3155 | Cocopa 44 | giff33 178 | 267 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Pods stored for later use. | Gifford, E. W., 1933, The Cocopa, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31:263-270, page 267 |
30097 | Prosopis velutina Woot. 3158 | Cocopa 44 | giff33 178 | 267 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Pods stored for later use. | Gifford, E. W., 1933, The Cocopa, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31:263-270, page 267 |
30167 | Prosopis velutina Woot. 3158 | Pima, Gila River 195 | r91 136 | 4 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Pods stored in great quantities in large arrowweed baskets or bins. | Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 4 |
30233 | Prunus americana Marsh. 3160 | Cheyenne 33 | g72 39 | 177 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Sun dried plums stored for winter use. | Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 177 |
30244 | Prunus americana Marsh. 3160 | Crow 60 | b05 73 | 19 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Ripe plums dried for winter use. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19 |
30265 | Prunus americana Marsh. 3160 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 29 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fruit gathered in great quantities, dried and stored for winter use. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 29 |
30311 | Prunus angustifolia Marsh. 3162 | Comanche 48 | cj40 147 | 523 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Stored fruits used for food. | Carlson, Gustav G. and Volney H. Jones, 1940, Some Notes on Uses of Plants by the Comanche Indians, Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters 25:517-542, page 523 |
30432 | Prunus gracilis Engelm. & Gray 3169 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 30 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Dried fruit stored for winter use, eaten uncooked or pounded and made into cakes. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 30 |
30535 | Prunus persica (L.) Batsch 3173 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 63 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Peaches dried for winter use. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 63 |
30847 | Prunus virginiana L. 3181 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 127 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries stored for winter use. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 127 |
30867 | Prunus virginiana L. 3181 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 264 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fruit, with the pit, canned for future use. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 264 |
30905 | Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr. 3182 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 30 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fruit dried in large quantities for winter use. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 30 |
30919 | Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr. 3182 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 19 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Crushed, dried fruit strips stored for winter use. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19 |
30941 | Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr. 3182 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 84 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Chokecherries made into cakes for winter use. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 84 |
30947 | Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr. 3182 | Paiute, Northern 185 | f89 50 | 49 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries dried and stored for winter use. | Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 49 |
30957 | Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr. 3182 | Shuswap 233 | palmer75 92 | 67 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries dried for winter use. | Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 67 |
30978 | Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. 3183 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 46 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fruits ground, pressed and saved for winter. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 46 |
30980 | Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. 3183 | Cheyenne 33 | g72 39 | 177 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Pounded berries and pits made into flat cakes and sun dried for winter use. | Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 177 |
30984 | Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. 3183 | Dakota 61 | g13i 91 | 364 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fruit pounded to a pulp, made into small cakes, dried in the sun and stored for winter use. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 364 |
30991 | Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. 3183 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 63 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fruit dried for winter use. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 63 |
30995 | Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. 3183 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 30 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fruit dried in large quantities for winter use. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 30 |
30996 | Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. 3183 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 30 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fruit eaten fresh and dried in large quantities for winter use. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 30 |
31003 | Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. 3183 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 31 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fruit dried for winter use. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 31 |
31239 | Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca (Beissn.) Franco 3200 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 34 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | White, crystalline sugar exuded from branches and stored for future use. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 34 |
31437 | Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn 3214 | Alaska Native 4 | h53 132 | 51 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Young fiddlenecks canned for winter use. | Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 51 |
31850 | Quercus agrifolia N‚e 3251 | Luiseno 128 | s08 24 | 194 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Acorns formerly gathered for storage in acorn granaries. | Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 194 |
31948 | Quercus chrysolepis Liebm. 3255 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 56 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Acorns stored for future use. Acorns were stored in several different ways. The granaries, elevated about a foot above the ground to keep out rodents, were made of hardwood poles, usually oak, with sides, top and bottom covered with bark and lined with gray California buckwheat leaves. Stone lined pits were covered with brush, acorns were piled on a large flat stone and covered with bark. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 56 |
31954 | Quercus chrysolepis Liebm. 3255 | Luiseno 128 | s08 24 | 194 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Acorns formerly stored in acorn granaries. | Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 194 |
31972 | Quercus douglasii Hook. & Arn. 3256 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 56 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Acorns stored for future use. Acorns were stored in several different ways. The granaries, elevated about a foot above the ground to keep out rodents, were made of hardwood poles, usually oak, with sides, top and bottom covered with bark and lined with gray California buckwheat leaves. Stone lined pits were covered with brush, acorns were piled on a large flat stone and covered with bark. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 56 |
31984 | Quercus douglasii Hook. & Arn. 3256 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 142 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Whole acorns stored for winter use. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 142 |
32010 | Quercus dumosa Nutt. 3257 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 56 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Acorns stored for future use. Acorns were stored in several different ways. The granaries, elevated about a foot above the ground to keep out rodents, were made of hardwood poles, usually oak, with sides, top and bottom covered with bark and lined with gray California buckwheat leaves. Stone lined pits were covered with brush, acorns were piled on a large flat stone and covered with bark. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 56 |
32017 | Quercus dumosa Nutt. 3257 | Luiseno 128 | s08 24 | 194 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Acorns formerly stored in acorn granaries. | Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 194 |
32022 | Quercus dunnii Kellogg 3258 | Paiute 183 | stew33 65 | 246 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Acorns stored for future use in pits lined and covered with sage bark. | Steward, Julian H., 1933, Ethnography of the Owens Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 33(3):233-250, page 246 |
32030 | Quercus emoryi Torr. 3260 | Yavapai 284 | g36 48 | 257 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Nuts stored for later use. | Gifford, E. W., 1936, Northeastern and Western Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 34:247-345, page 257 |
32036 | Quercus engelmannii Greene 3261 | Luiseno 128 | s08 24 | 194 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Acorns formerly stored in acorn granaries. | Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 194 |
32059 | Quercus gambelii Nutt. 3263 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 42 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Acorns roasted slightly, pounded, mixed with dried meat and stored away in hide containers. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 42 |
32151 | Quercus garryana var. semota Jepson 3266 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 56 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Acorns stored for future use. Acorns were stored in several different ways. The granaries, elevated about a foot above the ground to keep out rodents, were made of hardwood poles, usually oak, with sides, top and bottom covered with bark and lined with gray California buckwheat leaves. Stone lined pits were covered with brush, acorns were piled on a large flat stone and covered with bark. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 56 |
32156 | Quercus grisea Liebm. 3267 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 42 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Ripe acorns roasted slightly, pounded and mixed with dried meat and stored. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 42 |
32197 | Quercus kelloggii Newberry 3270 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 56 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Acorns stored for future use. Acorns were stored in several different ways. The granaries, elevated about a foot above the ground to keep out rodents, were made of hardwood poles, usually oak, with sides, top and bottom covered with bark and lined with gray California buckwheat leaves. Stone lined pits were covered with brush, acorns were piled on a large flat stone and covered with bark. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 56 |
32203 | Quercus kelloggii Newberry 3270 | Luiseno 128 | s08 24 | 194 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Acorns formerly gathered for storage in acorn granaries. | Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 194 |
32215 | Quercus kelloggii Newberry 3270 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 142 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Whole acorns stored for winter use. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 142 |
32220 | Quercus kelloggii Newberry 3270 | Paiute 183 | stew33 65 | 246 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Acorns stored for future use in pits lined and covered with sage bark. | Steward, Julian H., 1933, Ethnography of the Owens Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 33(3):233-250, page 246 |
32250 | Quercus lobata N‚e 3272 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 56 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Acorns stored for future use. Acorns were stored in several different ways. The granaries, elevated about a foot above the ground to keep out rodents, were made of hardwood poles, usually oak, with sides, top and bottom covered with bark and lined with gray California buckwheat leaves. Stone lined pits were covered with brush, acorns were piled on a large flat stone and covered with bark. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 56 |
32260 | Quercus lobata N‚e 3272 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 142 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Whole acorns stored for winter use. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 142 |
32587 | Quercus wislizeni A. DC. 3295 | Luiseno 128 | s08 24 | 194 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Acorns formerly stored in acorn granaries. | Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 194 |
32594 | Quercus wislizeni A. DC. 3295 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 142 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Whole acorns stored for winter use. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 142 |
32604 | Quercus wislizeni var. frutescens Engelm. 3296 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 56 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Acorns stored for future use. Acorns were stored in several different ways. The granaries, elevated about a foot above the ground to keep out rodents, were made of hardwood poles, usually oak, with sides, top and bottom covered with bark and lined with gray California buckwheat leaves. Stone lined pits were covered with brush, acorns were piled on a large flat stone and covered with bark. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 56 |
32726 | Ranunculus sp. 3319 | Skokomish 243 | g73 25 | 30 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Roots eaten as winter food. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30 |
33233 | Rhus trilobata Nutt. 3352 | Shoshoni 232 | m66 109 | 440 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries kept in large quantities for future use. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 440 |
33288 | Rhus typhina L. 3355 | Menominee 138 | s23 51 | 62 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries dried for winter use. | Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 62 |
33301 | Rhus typhina L. 3355 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 397 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Seed heads dried for winter use. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 397 |
33342 | Ribes aureum Pursh 3359 | Cheyenne 33 | g72 39 | 175 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Pounded, dried berries formed into cakes for winter use. | Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 175 |
33378 | Ribes bracteosum Dougl. ex Hook. 3361 | Hanaksiala 88 | c93 14 | 253 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fruit cooked & stored underground in barrels with elderberries & cooked western dock for winter use. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 253 |
33383 | Ribes bracteosum Dougl. ex Hook. 3361 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 286 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fruits boiled, mixed with powdered skunk cabbage leaves, dried and eaten with oil in winter. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 286 |
33452 | Ribes cynosbati L. 3367 | Cherokee 32 | perry75 86 | 54 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries canned for future use. | Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 54 |
33456 | Ribes cynosbati L. 3367 | Menominee 138 | s23 51 | 71 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries stored for winter use. | Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 71 |
33663 | Ribes oxyacanthoides ssp. irriguum (Dougl.) Sinnott 3386 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 107 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries canned for future use. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 107 |
33675 | Ribes oxyacanthoides ssp. setosum (Lindl.) Sinnott 3388 | Cheyenne 33 | g72 39 | 175 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Dried fruit formed into little cakes and used for winter food. | Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 175 |
33697 | Ribes rotundifolium Michx. 3392 | Cherokee 32 | perry75 86 | 54 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries canned for future use. | Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 54 |
33706 | Ribes sanguineum Pursh 3394 | Hoh 94 | r36 77 | 62 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fruits canned and saved for future food use. | Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 62 |
33712 | Ribes sanguineum Pursh 3394 | Quileute 209 | r36 77 | 62 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fruits canned and saved for future food use. | Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 62 |
33804 | Robinia neomexicana Gray 3405 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 42 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Pods cooked and stored. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 42 |
33907 | Rosa acicularis Lindl. 3417 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 12 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Leaves dried and saved for later use. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 12 |
34118 | Rosa pisocarpa Gray 3431 | Hoh 94 | r36 77 | 63 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fruits eaten in winter. | Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63 |
34122 | Rosa pisocarpa Gray 3431 | Quileute 209 | r36 77 | 63 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fruits eaten in winter. | Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63 |
34315 | Rubus allegheniensis Porter 3438 | Menominee 138 | s23 51 | 71 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries dried for winter use. | Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 71 |
34322 | Rubus allegheniensis Porter 3438 | Meskwaki 139 | smith28 21 | 264 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries sun dried for winter use. | Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 264 |
34332 | Rubus arcticus L. 3440 | Eskimo, Inuktitut 71 | w78 64 | 189 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries added to stored salmonberries. | Wilson, Michael R., 1978, Notes on Ethnobotany in Inuktitut, The Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology 8:180-196, page 189 |
34335 | Rubus arcticus L. 3440 | Eskimo, Inupiat 72 | j83 54 | 103 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries mixed with salmonberries and stored in a barrel for future use. | Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska. Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 103 |
34343 | Rubus arcticus L. 3440 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 12 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries preserved alone or in grease and stored in a birchbark basket in an underground cache. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 12 |
34360 | Rubus arizonensis Focke 3443 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 44 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fruit pressed into pulpy cakes, dried and stored for winter use. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 44 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );