uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
187 rows where use_subcategory = 58 sorted by id descending
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id ▲ | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
44491 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Omaha 177 | g19 17 | 68 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Chewed seeds scattered around the corn fields to protect the harvest from blackbirds. When the corn was approaching maturity, blackbirds attacked the fields for food. To prevent further damage, men chewed some grains and scattered them around the corn fields to deter the birds from the fields. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 68 |
44254 | Yucca sp. 4236 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 34 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Leaf juice mixed with powders and applied to shields. Yucca leaves were heated over a fire and the juice wrung out of them into an earthen vessel. The juice was then mixed with powders and applied to the shield with a pointed stick to make it live in the power of the sun, the serpent, the bear, the lightning and the rainbow. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34 |
42905 | Verbesina encelioides ssp. exauriculata (Robins. & Greenm.) J.R. Coleman 4116 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 54 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Flowers hung in the hogan or worn in a hat band as protection from lightning. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 54 |
42718 | Veratrum viride Ait. 4105 | Kwakiutl 121 | tb73 63 | 273 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Root used as a charm for protection against all evils. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 273 |
42700 | Veratrum viride Ait. 4105 | Kitasoo 112 | c93 14 | 323 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Roots and rhizomes burned and smoke used as protection from ghosts and 'demons.' | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 323 |
42693 | Veratrum viride Ait. 4105 | Hanaksiala 88 | c93 14 | 201 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Plant used to combat witchcraft. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 201 |
42692 | Veratrum viride Ait. 4105 | Hanaksiala 88 | c93 14 | 201 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Decoction of plant and devil's club used as a wash for areas occupied by corpse to kill poison. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 201 |
42679 | Veratrum viride Ait. 4105 | Haisla 86 | c93 14 | 201 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Plants presence believed to repel ghosts, illness and evil. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 201 |
42645 | Veratrum viride Ait. 4105 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 199 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Outer roots hung in homes or boiled for protection from supernatural powers. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 199 |
42604 | Veratrum californicum Dur. 4102 | Paiute, Northern 185 | f89 50 | 127 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Roots tied on the ankle or calf to drive away rattlesnakes. | Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 127 |
41726 | Urtica dioica L. 4058 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 140 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Boiled plant used as a bath to combat witchcraft and a jinx by an evil person. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 140 |
41711 | Urtica dioica L. 4058 | Makah 133 | g83 3 | 246 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Used to rub seal hunters bodies to protect themselves from the weather. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 246 |
41662 | Umbellularia californica (Hook. & Arn.) Nutt. 4056 | Pomo, Kashaya 202 | gl80 40 | 90 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Small, leafy branches hung in homes for protection against any harm that might come into the homes. | Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 90 |
41308 | Typha latifolia L. 4049 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 57 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Leaves wrapped around the sweathouse entrance frame to prevent from getting burned on the wood. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 57 |
41284 | Typha latifolia L. 4049 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 14 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Leaves used to make mats hung up in the hogan to protect it, the people & the sheep from lightning. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 14 |
41059 | Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg. 4043 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 71 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Four rings of boughs and ritual bathing used to negate the effects of evil spirits. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 71 |
41023 | Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg. 4043 | Kwakwaka'wakw 123 | c93 14 | 71 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Four rings of boughs used to negate the effects of evil spirits. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 71 |
40973 | Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg. 4043 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 180 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Boughs made into hoops and used to combat witchcraft. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 180 |
40521 | Tragia nepetifolia Cav. 3983 | Navajo, Kayenta 158 | wh51 106 | 31 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Plant sprinkled on hogan during rain storm for protection from lightning. | Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 31 |
39971 | Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don 3951 | Haisla 86 | c93 14 | 162 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Inner bark dyed and tied to pets to protect them from the dog eater. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 162 |
39925 | Thuja occidentalis L. 3950 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 122 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Preserved or fresh leaves used as a smudge to exorcise evil spirits and purify sacred objects. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 122 |
39896 | Thuja occidentalis L. 3950 | Menominee 138 | s23 51 | 81 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Leaves used as moth balls and clothes stored away with layers of leaf sprays to keep out the moths. | Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 81 |
39762 | Thamnosma montana Torr. & Fr‚m. 3930 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 67 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Powdered plant kept on one's person to keep snakes away. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 67 |
39657 | Tetradymia canescens DC. 3914 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 53 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Cold infusion of plant used as a bath by undertakers to prevent the ghost from following. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 53 |
39656 | Tetradymia canescens DC. 3914 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 53 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Burning leaf smoke used by undertakers after a burial to prevent the ghost from following. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 53 |
39067 | Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake 3849 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 102 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Bark soaked, rubbed in water and used as a skin wash for protection and truthfulness. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 102 |
39065 | Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake 3849 | Nez Perce 162 | h92 30 | 59 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches looped around cradleboards to protect babies from ghosts. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 59 |
38641 | Sphaeralcea coccinea (Nutt.) Rydb. 3772 | Lakota 125 | r80 108 | 51 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Roots chewed and hands rubbed with the roots by heyoka men to protect their hands in scalding water. | Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 51 |
38640 | Sphaeralcea coccinea (Nutt.) Rydb. 3772 | Lakota 125 | k90 156 | 32 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Root juices used by medicine men for protection of hands from fire or boiling water. | Kraft, Shelly Katheren, 1990, Recent Changes in the Ethnobotany of Standing Rock Indian Reservation, University of North Dakota, M.A. Thesis, page 32 |
38527 | Sophora secundiflora (Ortega) Lag. ex DC. 3757 | Comanche 48 | j68 143 | 3 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Seeds carried by medicine men as protection against contamination from menstrual blood. | Jones, David E., 1968, Comanche Plant Medicine, Papers in Anthropology 9:1-13, page 3 |
38232 | Smilax rotundifolia L. 3713 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 18 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Plant used to block the path of pursuers because of its sharp thorns and its scandent nature. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 18 |
36410 | Salvia dorrii (Kellogg) Abrams 3558 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 62 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Plant thrown on the fire at night to keep away the spirits and ghosts. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 62 |
36307 | Salix sp. 3551 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 7 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Leafless stems waved in the air to scare wolves away. Wolves were said to dislike the noise this made and would leave the area. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 7 |
36306 | Salix sp. 3551 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 7 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Leafless branches waved in the air to scare wolves away. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 7 |
36202 | Salix sp. 3551 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 19 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Leafy stems used to make wreathes worn by the women and children as sunshades during long walks. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 19 |
36096 | Salix sitchensis Sanson ex Bong. 3550 | Karok 105 | sg52 71 | 381 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branch tied to the bow of a boat as a charm against danger when crossing the river in high water. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 381 |
35948 | Salix lasiolepis Benth. 3536 | Round Valley Indian 214 | c02 89 | 331 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Trees planted in circles and used to protect the dancers from the sun and wind. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 331 |
35689 | Salix bonplandiana Kunth 3521 | Karok 105 | sg52 71 | 381 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Used as a protective charm by those ferrying turbulent waters. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 381 |
34780 | Rubus parviflorus Nutt. 3463 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 122 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Berries applied to quivers to strengthen them. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 122 |
34773 | Rubus odoratus L. 3462 | Iroquois 100 | r45ii 59 | 48 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Leaves placed inside the shoes of forest runners to protect the feet. | Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 48 |
34259 | Rosa woodsii Lindl. 3434 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 267 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Leaves placed in moccasins for athlete's foot and possibly for protection. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 267 |
34258 | Rosa woodsii Lindl. 3434 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 267 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches placed around the body and house of a dead person to protect other people from its spirit. After a death, an orphan, widower or widow placed rose branches under the mattress to protect against sickness and to 'keep ghosts away.' Widows and widowers could fish only if rose branches were first swept around their gill nets. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 267 |
34217 | Rosa woodsii Lindl. 3434 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 131 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches placed around the house and yard of the deceased to keep his or her spirit from returning. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131 |
34216 | Rosa woodsii Lindl. 3434 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 131 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches made into tea and used as washing water for one who was being jinxed by some bad person. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131 |
34215 | Rosa woodsii Lindl. 3434 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 131 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches made into tea and taken as protection from bad spirits and ghosts. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131 |
34189 | Rosa sp. 3432 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 81 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Sprig of rose carried to keep the ghost away at a funeral. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 81 |
34182 | Rosa sp. 3432 | Nez Perce 162 | h92 30 | 62 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Sprigs hung on cradleboards to keep ghosts from babies. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 62 |
34174 | Rosa sp. 3432 | Flathead 76 | h92 30 | 62 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Stems used for the howling dead. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 62 |
34140 | Rosa pisocarpa Gray 3431 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 267 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Leaves placed in moccasins for athlete's foot and possibly for protection. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 267 |
34139 | Rosa pisocarpa Gray 3431 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 267 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches placed around the body and house of a dead person to protect other people from its spirit. After a death, an orphan, widower or widow placed rose branches under the mattress to protect against sickness and to 'keep ghosts away.' Widows and widowers could fish only if rose branches were first swept around their gill nets. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 267 |
34100 | Rosa nutkana K. Presl 3427 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 267 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Leaves placed in moccasins for athlete's foot and possibly for protection. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 267 |
34099 | Rosa nutkana K. Presl 3427 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 267 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches placed around the body and house of a dead person to protect other people from its spirit. After a death, an orphan, widower or widow placed rose branches under the mattress to protect against sickness and to 'keep ghosts away.' Widows and widowers could fish only if rose branches were first swept around their gill nets. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 267 |
34075 | Rosa nutkana K. Presl 3427 | Shuswap 233 | palmer75 92 | 67 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches broken and left in the house after removal of corpse to keep the disease in the body. | Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 67 |
34064 | Rosa nutkana K. Presl 3427 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 131 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches placed around the house and yard of the deceased to keep his or her spirit from returning. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131 |
34063 | Rosa nutkana K. Presl 3427 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 131 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches made into tea and used as washing water for one who was being jinxed by some bad person. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131 |
34062 | Rosa nutkana K. Presl 3427 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 131 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches made into tea and taken as protection from bad spirits and ghosts. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131 |
34009 | Rosa gymnocarpa Nutt. 3426 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 131 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches placed around the house and yard of the deceased to keep his or her spirit from returning. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131 |
34008 | Rosa gymnocarpa Nutt. 3426 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 131 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches made into tea and used as washing water for one who was being jinxed by some bad person. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131 |
34007 | Rosa gymnocarpa Nutt. 3426 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 131 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches made into tea and taken as protection from bad spirits and ghosts. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131 |
33928 | Rosa acicularis Lindl. 3417 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 267 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Leaves placed in moccasins for athlete's foot and possibly for protection. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 267 |
33927 | Rosa acicularis Lindl. 3417 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 267 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches placed around the body and house of a dead person to protect other people from its spirit. After a death, an orphan, widower or widow placed rose branches under the mattress to protect against sickness and to 'keep ghosts away.' Widows and widowers could fish only if rose branches were first swept around their gill nets. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 267 |
33896 | Rosa acicularis Lindl. 3417 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 131 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches placed around the house and yard of the deceased to keep his or her spirit from returning. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131 |
33895 | Rosa acicularis Lindl. 3417 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 131 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches made into tea and used as washing water for one who was being jinxed by some bad person. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131 |
33894 | Rosa acicularis Lindl. 3417 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 131 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches made into tea and taken as protection from bad spirits and ghosts. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131 |
33789 | Ricinus communis L. 3403 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 60 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Plant used in an unknown manner as a protection from the spirit of the bear. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 60 |
33549 | Ribes lacustre (Pers.) Poir. 3375 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 206 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Used as a deterrent against snakes. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 206 |
33140 | Rhus trilobata Nutt. 3352 | Hualapai 97 | w82 127 | 15 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Leaves used on a person's body as a snake repellent. | Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 15 |
32620 | Quercus ?pauciloba Rydb. (pro sp.) [gambelii ? turbinella] 3250 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 22 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Used to protect new or ceremonial hogans from lightning, ghosts and witches. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 22 |
32158 | Quercus grisea Liebm. 3267 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 22 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Used to protect new or ceremonial hogans from lightning, ghosts and witches. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 22 |
31497 | Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn 3214 | Shuswap 233 | palmer75 92 | 49 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Used to cover berry baskets. | Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 49 |
31450 | Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn 3214 | Costanoan 50 | b84 16 | 247 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Fronds used as sunshades. | Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 247 |
31369 | Psoralidium tenuiflorum (Pursh) Rydb. 3206 | Dakota 61 | g19 17 | 93 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Plant tops used to make garlands worn on the head as protection from the sun on very hot days. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 93 |
30117 | Prosopis velutina Woot. 3158 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 37 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Posts used to make a fence to protect tobacco plants from marauding animals. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 37 |
30029 | Prosopis glandulosa var. torreyana (L. Benson) M.C. Johnston 3155 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 114 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Trees used by women as shaded working areas, out of the direct rays of the sun, for grinding food. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 114 |
29680 | Populus tremuloides Michx. 3106 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 277 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Decoction of branches used as a protective bath against witches. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 277 |
29355 | Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh. 3098 | Blackfoot 23 | h92 30 | 68 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Sap used to conceal human scent when stealing enemy horses. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 68 |
29272 | Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa (Torr. & Gray ex Hook.) Brayshaw 3097 | Blackfoot 23 | h92 30 | 68 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Sap used to conceal human scent when stealing enemy horses. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 68 |
29060 | Polyporus sp. 3083 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 135 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Plant used as hand protection for handling live coals during a secret society ritual. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 135 |
29059 | Polyporus sp. 3083 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 135 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Plant placed at entrance of special shamanistic dance house as protection from bad spirits & ghosts. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 135 |
28549 | Platanthera grandiflora (Bigelow) Lindl. 3012 | Iroquois 100 | h77 7 | 290 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Decoction of smashed, dried roots taken to frighten away ghosts. | Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 290 |
28457 | Plantago major L. 3001 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 431 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Ground root always carried in the pockets to ward off snakes. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 431 |
28415 | Plantago major L. 3001 | Chippewa 38 | d28 4 | 376 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Powdered roots carried as protection against snakebites. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 376 |
28122 | Pinus sabiniana Dougl. ex Dougl. 2975 | Mahuna 131 | r54 5 | 40 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Trees used for protection from lightning. | Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 40 |
27686 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Tewa 257 | c74 82 | 347 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Gum put on forehead when going outside of house as protection against sorcery. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 347 |
27573 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Hopi 95 | c74 82 | 347 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Gum put on forehead when going outside of house as protection against sorcery. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 347 |
27499 | Pinus contorta var. contorta 2954 | Tsimshian 267 | c93 14 | 318 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches used by hunters as shelter to discourage and repel animals. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 318 |
27272 | Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr. 2938 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 100 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches rubbed on skin to protect one against evil or 'witchcraft.' The protective powers were attributed to the prickly needles. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 100 |
27201 | Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr. 2938 | Kitasoo 112 | c93 14 | 317 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Prickly leaves used to discourage and repel animals. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 317 |
26965 | Picea glauca (Moench) Voss 2934 | Koyukon 118 | n83 158 | 49 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Trees protected those who slept beneath them, especially from malevolent spirits. | Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 49 |
26964 | Picea glauca (Moench) Voss 2934 | Koyukon 118 | n83 158 | 50 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Trees nullified dangerous spiritual forces. | Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 50 |
26963 | Picea glauca (Moench) Voss 2934 | Koyukon 118 | n83 158 | 50 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Boughs taken home as talismans for protection. | Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 50 |
26551 | Phoradendron sp. 2898 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 41 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Twigs hung over the doorway of a hogan for protection from lightning. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 41 |
26478 | Phlox stansburyi (Torr.) Heller 2888 | Navajo, Kayenta 158 | wh51 106 | 38 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Infusion used to keep grasshoppers, rabbits and pack rats from eating corn. | Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 38 |
26476 | Phlox stansburyi (Torr.) Heller 2888 | Hopi 95 | wh51 106 | 38 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Infusion used to keep grasshoppers, rabbits and pack rats from eating corn. | Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 38 |
26389 | Philadelphus lewisii Pursh 2875 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 108 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Wood used to make breast plate armor. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 108 |
25917 | Penstemon gracilis Nutt. 2810 | Lakota 125 | r80 108 | 59 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Roots used against snakebite. | Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 59 |
25489 | Parkinsonia florida (Benth. ex Gray) S. Wats. 2746 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 52 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Trees large enough to shelter campers. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 52 |
25386 | Panax quinquefolius L. 2733 | Menominee 138 | s23 51 | 80 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Root used in some war bundles and hunting bundles. | Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 80 |
24855 | Opuntia sp. 2670 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 37 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Used between fence posts to protect tobacco plants from marauding animals. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 37 |
24828 | Opuntia sp. 2670 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 45 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Cut stem secretion applied to buckskin moccasins as a varnish. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 45 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );