uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
187 rows where use_subcategory = 58 sorted by pageno
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id | species | tribe | source | pageno ▼ | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
27272 | Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr. 2938 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 100 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches rubbed on skin to protect one against evil or 'witchcraft.' The protective powers were attributed to the prickly needles. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 100 |
39067 | Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake 3849 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 102 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Bark soaked, rubbed in water and used as a skin wash for protection and truthfulness. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 102 |
26389 | Philadelphus lewisii Pursh 2875 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 108 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Wood used to make breast plate armor. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 108 |
10272 | Clematis occidentalis var. occidentalis 1020 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 111 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Flowers worn by children in their hair at night to keep ghosts away. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 111 |
21684 | Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John 2337 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 113 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Charcoal used as protection against 'witchcraft.' | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 113 |
30029 | Prosopis glandulosa var. torreyana (L. Benson) M.C. Johnston 3155 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 114 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Trees used by women as shaded working areas, out of the direct rays of the sun, for grinding food. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 114 |
939 | Achillea millefolium L. 38 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 117 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Seed heads placed on a pan of live coals to produce smoke to keep the witches away. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 117 |
3276 | Anaphalis margaritacea (L.) Benth. 236 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 117 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Dried tops placed on a pan of live coals to hurt the eyes of the evil spirits and keep them away. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 117 |
34780 | Rubus parviflorus Nutt. 3463 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 122 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Berries applied to quivers to strengthen them. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 122 |
39925 | Thuja occidentalis L. 3950 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 122 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Preserved or fresh leaves used as a smudge to exorcise evil spirits and purify sacred objects. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 122 |
42604 | Veratrum californicum Dur. 4102 | Paiute, Northern 185 | f89 50 | 127 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Roots tied on the ankle or calf to drive away rattlesnakes. | Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 127 |
33894 | Rosa acicularis Lindl. 3417 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 131 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches made into tea and taken as protection from bad spirits and ghosts. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131 |
33895 | Rosa acicularis Lindl. 3417 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 131 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches made into tea and used as washing water for one who was being jinxed by some bad person. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131 |
33896 | Rosa acicularis Lindl. 3417 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 131 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches placed around the house and yard of the deceased to keep his or her spirit from returning. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131 |
34007 | Rosa gymnocarpa Nutt. 3426 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 131 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches made into tea and taken as protection from bad spirits and ghosts. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131 |
34008 | Rosa gymnocarpa Nutt. 3426 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 131 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches made into tea and used as washing water for one who was being jinxed by some bad person. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131 |
34009 | Rosa gymnocarpa Nutt. 3426 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 131 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches placed around the house and yard of the deceased to keep his or her spirit from returning. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131 |
34062 | Rosa nutkana K. Presl 3427 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 131 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches made into tea and taken as protection from bad spirits and ghosts. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131 |
34063 | Rosa nutkana K. Presl 3427 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 131 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches made into tea and used as washing water for one who was being jinxed by some bad person. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131 |
34064 | Rosa nutkana K. Presl 3427 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 131 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches placed around the house and yard of the deceased to keep his or her spirit from returning. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131 |
34215 | Rosa woodsii Lindl. 3434 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 131 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches made into tea and taken as protection from bad spirits and ghosts. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131 |
34216 | Rosa woodsii Lindl. 3434 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 131 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches made into tea and used as washing water for one who was being jinxed by some bad person. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131 |
34217 | Rosa woodsii Lindl. 3434 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 131 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches placed around the house and yard of the deceased to keep his or her spirit from returning. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131 |
14785 | Fomes sp. 1621 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 135 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Plant placed at entrance of special shamanistic dance house as protection from bad spirits & ghosts. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 135 |
14786 | Fomes sp. 1621 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 135 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Plant used as hand protection for handling live coals during a secret society ritual. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 135 |
14795 | Fomitopsis sp. 1624 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 135 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Plant placed at entrance of special shamanistic dance house as protection from bad spirits & ghosts. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 135 |
14796 | Fomitopsis sp. 1624 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 135 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Plant used as hand protection for handling live coals during a secret society ritual. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 135 |
15544 | Ganoderma sp. 1695 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 135 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Plant placed at entrance of special shamanistic dance house as protection from bad spirits & ghosts. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 135 |
15545 | Ganoderma sp. 1695 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 135 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Plant used as hand protection for handling live coals during a secret society ritual. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 135 |
29059 | Polyporus sp. 3083 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 135 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Plant placed at entrance of special shamanistic dance house as protection from bad spirits & ghosts. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 135 |
29060 | Polyporus sp. 3083 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 135 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Plant used as hand protection for handling live coals during a secret society ritual. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 135 |
4102 | Aralia racemosa L. 319 | Chippewa 38 | gil33 15 | 137 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Decoction of root used to drive away 'blue tailed swifts.' 'Blue tailed swifts' were a type of lizard. When they became troublesome, the Indians used this decoction to drive them away. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 137 |
41284 | Typha latifolia L. 4049 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 14 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Leaves used to make mats hung up in the hogan to protect it, the people & the sheep from lightning. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 14 |
41726 | Urtica dioica L. 4058 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 140 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Boiled plant used as a bath to combat witchcraft and a jinx by an evil person. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 140 |
33140 | Rhus trilobata Nutt. 3352 | Hualapai 97 | w82 127 | 15 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Leaves used on a person's body as a snake repellent. | Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 15 |
39971 | Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don 3951 | Haisla 86 | c93 14 | 162 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Inner bark dyed and tied to pets to protect them from the dog eater. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 162 |
3450 | Angelica breweri Gray 260 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 166 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Chewed, rubbed on body or decoction taken to ward off snakes. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 166 |
5422 | Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt. 399 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 170 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Plant used as incense to protect one against evil influences. If one had to go into a large crowd, he could smoke himself with this plant to protect himself against strangers who might bring him harm. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 170 |
13026 | Eleocharis sp. 1380 | Cheyenne 33 | g72 39 | 170 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Rushes fastened to the head of a baby's board to form a shade for the face. | Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 170 |
1213 | Acorus calamus L. 55 | Cheyenne 33 | g72 39 | 171 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Root tied to a child's necklet, dress or blanket to keep away the night spirits. | Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 171 |
12051 | Dasiphora floribunda (Pursh) Kartesz 1234 | Cheyenne 33 | g72 39 | 176 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Powdered leaves or infusion rubbed over body to protect hands from hot soup during Contrary dance. | Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 176 |
18501 | Juniperus communis L. 2054 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 18 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Decoction of branches used as a wash for the body to protect a person from evil influences. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 18 |
38232 | Smilax rotundifolia L. 3713 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 18 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Plant used to block the path of pursuers because of its sharp thorns and its scandent nature. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 18 |
40973 | Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg. 4043 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 180 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Boughs made into hoops and used to combat witchcraft. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 180 |
24009 | Nolina microcarpa S. Wats. 2590 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 183 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Grass used as wrapping material for foods to be transported or stored. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 183 |
3254 | Anaphalis margaritacea (L.) Benth. 236 | Cheyenne 33 | g72 39 | 187 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Dried flowers carried or chewed and rubbed on the body as protection from danger before battle. | Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 187 |
19013 | Juniperus scopulorum Sarg. 2062 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 19 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Boughs considered an extremely powerful medicine for combating evil spirits associated with death. When a person died, his family used the boughs to fumigate the house. All the doors and windows were closed and the boughs were burned and the smoke allowed to fill all the rooms. This treatment was made even more effective by adding rose branches to the juniper. After the smoke treatment, rose and juniper branches were boiled together and the water used to wash the entire house--lights, windows, floors, walls and ceilings. This wash water was then taken outside and splashed all around the house and along the trails leading to the outbuildings to prevent the spirit of the dead person from coming back to the house. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 19 |
36202 | Salix sp. 3551 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 19 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Leafy stems used to make wreathes worn by the women and children as sunshades during long walks. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 19 |
20628 | Lithospermum ruderale Dougl. ex Lehm. 2219 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 192 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Plant used as a charm to stop a thunderstorm. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 192 |
42645 | Veratrum viride Ait. 4105 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 199 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Outer roots hung in homes or boiled for protection from supernatural powers. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 199 |
3591 | Angelica tomentosa S. Wats. 269 | Pomo, Kashaya 202 | gl80 40 | 20 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Root carried and/or hung in homes for protection. | Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 20 |
24409 | Oplopanax horridus Miq. 2640 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 201 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Spiny stems used as protective charms against supernatural powers. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 201 |
42679 | Veratrum viride Ait. 4105 | Haisla 86 | c93 14 | 201 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Plants presence believed to repel ghosts, illness and evil. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 201 |
42692 | Veratrum viride Ait. 4105 | Hanaksiala 88 | c93 14 | 201 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Decoction of plant and devil's club used as a wash for areas occupied by corpse to kill poison. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 201 |
42693 | Veratrum viride Ait. 4105 | Hanaksiala 88 | c93 14 | 201 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Plant used to combat witchcraft. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 201 |
33549 | Ribes lacustre (Pers.) Poir. 3375 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 206 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Used as a deterrent against snakes. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 206 |
4685 | Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. 347 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 211 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Leaves placed in moccasins or shoes after the death of a husband or wife for protection. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 211 |
24476 | Oplopanax horridus Miq. 2640 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 217 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Bark made into face paint and used by shamans to repel enemy spirits from the shaman's patient. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 217 |
24477 | Oplopanax horridus Miq. 2640 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 217 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Plant used to cleanse areas where people had died. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 217 |
14218 | Erodium cicutarium (L.) L'H‚r. ex Ait. 1547 | Jemez 102 | c30 28 | 22 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Dried plant powder mixed with watermelon seeds during storage & planting stops watermelon disease. | Cook, Sarah Louise, 1930, The Ethnobotany of Jemez Indians., University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 22 |
32158 | Quercus grisea Liebm. 3267 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 22 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Used to protect new or ceremonial hogans from lightning, ghosts and witches. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 22 |
32620 | Quercus ?pauciloba Rydb. (pro sp.) [gambelii ? turbinella] 3250 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 22 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Used to protect new or ceremonial hogans from lightning, ghosts and witches. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 22 |
3145 | Amelanchier sp. 214 | Pit River 197 | m66 109 | 222 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Wood made into a heavy robe or overcoat and corset armor and used for fighting. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 222 |
5355 | Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt. 399 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 24 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Used to cleanse a person afraid of a ghost. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24 |
41711 | Urtica dioica L. 4058 | Makah 133 | g83 3 | 246 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Used to rub seal hunters bodies to protect themselves from the weather. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 246 |
31450 | Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn 3214 | Costanoan 50 | b84 16 | 247 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Fronds used as sunshades. | Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 247 |
7518 | Brassica oleracea L. 619 | Rappahannock 211 | shc42 102 | 25 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Leaves worn under the hat to protect from a strong sun. | Speck, Frank G., R.B. Hassrick and E.S. Carpenter, 1942, Rappahannock Herbals, Folk-Lore and Science of Cures, Proceedings of the Delaware County Institute of Science 10:7-55., page 25 |
9504 | Chenopodium graveolens Willd. 900 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 25 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Cold infusion taken to give protection in warfare. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 25 |
15224 | Fraxinus latifolia Benth. 1658 | Costanoan 50 | b84 16 | 250 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Leaves placed in sandals as a snake repellent. | Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 250 |
17373 | Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim. 1904 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 261 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Extremely hard wood used to make cuirasses and other types of armor. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 261 |
11709 | Cucurbita pepo L. 1164 | Cocopa 44 | giff33 178 | 266 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Oily kernels rubbed on hands as protection against cold. | Gifford, E. W., 1933, The Cocopa, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31:263-270, page 266 |
33927 | Rosa acicularis Lindl. 3417 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 267 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches placed around the body and house of a dead person to protect other people from its spirit. After a death, an orphan, widower or widow placed rose branches under the mattress to protect against sickness and to 'keep ghosts away.' Widows and widowers could fish only if rose branches were first swept around their gill nets. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 267 |
33928 | Rosa acicularis Lindl. 3417 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 267 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Leaves placed in moccasins for athlete's foot and possibly for protection. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 267 |
34099 | Rosa nutkana K. Presl 3427 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 267 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches placed around the body and house of a dead person to protect other people from its spirit. After a death, an orphan, widower or widow placed rose branches under the mattress to protect against sickness and to 'keep ghosts away.' Widows and widowers could fish only if rose branches were first swept around their gill nets. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 267 |
34100 | Rosa nutkana K. Presl 3427 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 267 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Leaves placed in moccasins for athlete's foot and possibly for protection. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 267 |
34139 | Rosa pisocarpa Gray 3431 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 267 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches placed around the body and house of a dead person to protect other people from its spirit. After a death, an orphan, widower or widow placed rose branches under the mattress to protect against sickness and to 'keep ghosts away.' Widows and widowers could fish only if rose branches were first swept around their gill nets. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 267 |
34140 | Rosa pisocarpa Gray 3431 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 267 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Leaves placed in moccasins for athlete's foot and possibly for protection. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 267 |
34258 | Rosa woodsii Lindl. 3434 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 267 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches placed around the body and house of a dead person to protect other people from its spirit. After a death, an orphan, widower or widow placed rose branches under the mattress to protect against sickness and to 'keep ghosts away.' Widows and widowers could fish only if rose branches were first swept around their gill nets. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 267 |
34259 | Rosa woodsii Lindl. 3434 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 267 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Leaves placed in moccasins for athlete's foot and possibly for protection. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 267 |
42718 | Veratrum viride Ait. 4105 | Kwakiutl 121 | tb73 63 | 273 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Root used as a charm for protection against all evils. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 273 |
29680 | Populus tremuloides Michx. 3106 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 277 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Decoction of branches used as a protective bath against witches. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 277 |
24494 | Oplopanax horridus Miq. 2640 | Kwakiutl 121 | tb73 63 | 278 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Stem used as a protective charm. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 278 |
17225 | Hierochloe odorata (L.) Beauv. 1896 | Cheyenne 33 | h92 30 | 28 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Burned for protection from lightning and thunder. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 28 |
12007 | Dalea flavescens (S. Wats.) Welsh 1220 | Navajo, Kayenta 158 | wh51 106 | 29 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Infusion of plant taken when lightning strikes near a hogan. | Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 29 |
28549 | Platanthera grandiflora (Bigelow) Lindl. 3012 | Iroquois 100 | h77 7 | 290 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Decoction of smashed, dried roots taken to frighten away ghosts. | Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 290 |
38527 | Sophora secundiflora (Ortega) Lag. ex DC. 3757 | Comanche 48 | j68 143 | 3 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Seeds carried by medicine men as protection against contamination from menstrual blood. | Jones, David E., 1968, Comanche Plant Medicine, Papers in Anthropology 9:1-13, page 3 |
40521 | Tragia nepetifolia Cav. 3983 | Navajo, Kayenta 158 | wh51 106 | 31 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Plant sprinkled on hogan during rain storm for protection from lightning. | Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 31 |
27201 | Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr. 2938 | Kitasoo 112 | c93 14 | 317 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Prickly leaves used to discourage and repel animals. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 317 |
27499 | Pinus contorta var. contorta 2954 | Tsimshian 267 | c93 14 | 318 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Branches used by hunters as shelter to discourage and repel animals. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 318 |
38640 | Sphaeralcea coccinea (Nutt.) Rydb. 3772 | Lakota 125 | k90 156 | 32 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Root juices used by medicine men for protection of hands from fire or boiling water. | Kraft, Shelly Katheren, 1990, Recent Changes in the Ethnobotany of Standing Rock Indian Reservation, University of North Dakota, M.A. Thesis, page 32 |
42700 | Veratrum viride Ait. 4105 | Kitasoo 112 | c93 14 | 323 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Roots and rhizomes burned and smoke used as protection from ghosts and 'demons.' | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 323 |
35948 | Salix lasiolepis Benth. 3536 | Round Valley Indian 214 | c02 89 | 331 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Trees planted in circles and used to protect the dancers from the sun and wind. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 331 |
44254 | Yucca sp. 4236 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 34 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Leaf juice mixed with powders and applied to shields. Yucca leaves were heated over a fire and the juice wrung out of them into an earthen vessel. The juice was then mixed with powders and applied to the shield with a pointed stick to make it live in the power of the sun, the serpent, the bear, the lightning and the rainbow. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34 |
27573 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Hopi 95 | c74 82 | 347 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Gum put on forehead when going outside of house as protection against sorcery. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 347 |
27686 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Tewa 257 | c74 82 | 347 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Gum put on forehead when going outside of house as protection against sorcery. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 347 |
247 | Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt. 6 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 36 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Needle smudge used for safety's sake during severe thunderstorms. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 36 |
9502 | Chenopodium graveolens Willd. 900 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 36 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Plant used to protect people from lightning during thunder showers. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 36 |
18966 | Juniperus scopulorum Sarg. 2062 | Cheyenne 33 | h92 30 | 36 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Plant burned and smoke used for protection from thunder and lightning. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 36 |
5259 | Artemisia frigida Willd. 397 | Chippewa 38 | d28 4 | 366 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Fresh leaves in nostrils and mouth as protection when 'working over the dead.' | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 366 |
11447 | Crataegus spathulata Michx. 1132 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 37 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Infusion of bark taken or bathed in by ball players 'to ward off tacklers.' | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 37 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );