uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
1,892 rows where use_subcategory = 52 sorted by notes descending
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id | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes ▲ | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
32154 | Quercus grisea Liebm. 3267 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 42 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw fruit used for food. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 42 |
42214 | Vaccinium ovatum Pursh 4083 | Costanoan 50 | b84 16 | 252 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw fruit used for food. | Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 252 |
43350 | Vitis aestivalis Michx. 4169 | Cherokee 32 | perry75 86 | 60 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw fruit used for food. | Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 60 |
43413 | Vitis cinerea var. baileyana (Munson) Comeaux 4174 | Cherokee 32 | perry75 86 | 60 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw fruit used for food. | Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 60 |
43436 | Vitis labrusca L. 4176 | Cherokee 32 | perry75 86 | 60 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw fruit used for food. | Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 60 |
43445 | Vitis rotundifolia Michx. 4178 | Cherokee 32 | perry75 86 | 60 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw fruit used for food. | Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 60 |
33630 | Ribes mescalerium Coville 3381 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 44 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw fruit eaten without preparation. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 44 |
33777 | Ribes wolfii Rothrock 3402 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 44 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw fruit eaten without preparation. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 44 |
22049 | Maianthemum dilatatum (Wood) A. Nels. & J.F. Macbr. 2379 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 55 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw fruit eaten with oil. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 55 |
18571 | Juniperus deppeana Steud. 2056 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 45 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw fruit eaten fresh. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 45 |
33606 | Ribes leptanthum Gray 3377 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 44 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw fruit eaten fresh. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 44 |
43364 | Vitis arizonica Engelm. 4171 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 44 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw fruit eaten fresh. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 44 |
42271 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 67 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw berries, without sugar, eaten with oil. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 67 |
37899 | Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. 3658 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 13 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw berries whipped with sugar until frothy. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 13 |
14948 | Fragaria vesca ssp. californica (Cham. & Schlecht.) Staudt 1639 | Pomo 200 | g67 80 | 13 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw berries used for food. | Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 13 |
15048 | Frangula californica ssp. californica 1644 | Costanoan 50 | b84 16 | 250 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw berries used for food. | Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 250 |
21893 | Mahonia fremontii (Torr.) Fedde 2372 | Yavapai 284 | g36 48 | 257 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw berries used for food. | Gifford, E. W., 1936, Northeastern and Western Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 34:247-345, page 257 |
23476 | Morus microphylla Buckl. 2530 | Yavapai 284 | g36 48 | 257 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw berries used for food. | Gifford, E. W., 1936, Northeastern and Western Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 34:247-345, page 257 |
26776 | Physocarpus capitatus (Pursh) Kuntze 2927 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 162 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw berries used for food. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 162 |
33362 | Ribes aureum Pursh 3359 | Yavapai 284 | g36 48 | 258 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw berries used for food. | Gifford, E. W., 1936, Northeastern and Western Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 34:247-345, page 258 |
33645 | Ribes nevadense Kellogg 3384 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 162 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw berries used for food. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 162 |
34034 | Rosa nutkana K. Presl 3427 | Blackfoot 23 | m90 111 | 22 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw berries used for food. | Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, page 22 |
34069 | Rosa nutkana K. Presl 3427 | Rocky Boy 213 | m90 111 | 22 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw berries used for food. | Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, page 22 |
34101 | Rosa nutkana K. Presl 3427 | Washo 276 | m90 111 | 22 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw berries used for food. | Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, page 22 |
34102 | Rosa nutkana var. hispida Fern. 3428 | Blackfoot 23 | m90 111 | 22 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw berries used for food. | Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, page 22 |
34104 | Rosa nutkana var. hispida Fern. 3428 | Rocky Boy 213 | m90 111 | 22 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw berries used for food. | Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, page 22 |
34106 | Rosa nutkana var. hispida Fern. 3428 | Washo 276 | m90 111 | 22 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw berries used for food. | Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, page 22 |
34629 | Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray 3457 | Pomo 200 | g67 80 | 13 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw berries used for food. | Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 13 |
34837 | Rubus parviflorus Nutt. 3463 | Pomo 200 | g67 80 | 13 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw berries used for food. | Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 13 |
35012 | Rubus spectabilis Pursh 3470 | Pomo 200 | g67 80 | 13 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw berries used for food. | Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 13 |
38370 | Solanum xanti Gray 3731 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 162 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw berries used for food. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 162 |
43389 | Vitis californica Benth. 4172 | Pomo 200 | g67 80 | 14 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw berries used for food. | Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 14 |
4662 | Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. 347 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 10 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw berries mixed with grease, dried or fresh, raw whitefish eggs and eaten. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 10 |
43058 | Viburnum edule (Michx.) Raf. 4130 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 63 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw berries gathered to eat with oil 'on the spot.' | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 63 |
42313 | Vaccinium parvifolium Sm. 4085 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 67 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw berries eaten with oil. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 67 |
33152 | Rhus trilobata Nutt. 3352 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 66 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw berries eaten as an appetizer. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 66 |
33692 | Ribes roezlii Regel 3391 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 162 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Pulverized, raw berries used for food. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 162 |
10845 | Cornus canadensis L. 1091 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 281 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Pulpy berries extensively used for food. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 281 |
2953 | Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer 204 | Dakota 61 | g19 17 | 87 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Prized berries used for food. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 87 |
3019 | Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer 204 | Omaha 177 | g19 17 | 87 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Prized berries used for food. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 87 |
3024 | Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer 204 | Ponca 205 | g19 17 | 87 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Prized berries used for food. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 87 |
3060 | Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer 204 | Winnebago 280 | g19 17 | 87 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Prized berries used for food. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 87 |
30270 | Prunus americana Marsh. 3160 | Meskwaki 139 | smith28 21 | 263 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Plums eaten fresh. | Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 263 |
30458 | Prunus nigra Ait. 3171 | Meskwaki 139 | smith28 21 | 263 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Plums eaten fresh. | Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 263 |
30552 | Prunus pumila var. besseyi (Bailey) Gleason 3175 | Dakota 61 | g13i 91 | 364 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Pitted fruit eaten fresh. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 364 |
24648 | Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) P. Mill. 2658 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 96 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Peeled, cool fruit eaten as a refreshing early morning meal. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 96 |
12968 | Elaeagnus commutata Bernh. ex Rydb. 1374 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 102 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Peeled berries used for food. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 102 |
24821 | Opuntia sp. 2670 | Jemez 102 | c30 28 | 25 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Pears used for food. | Cook, Sarah Louise, 1930, The Ethnobotany of Jemez Indians., University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 25 |
43217 | Vicia nigricans ssp. gigantea (Hook.) Lassetter & Gunn. 4143 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 285 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Pea-like fruits roasted and used for food. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 285 |
6508 | Astragalus lentiginosus var. diphysus (Gray) M.E. Jones 481 | Apache, White Mountain 15 | r29 45 | 155 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Pea fruit eaten raw and cooked. | Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 155 |
22266 | Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. 2391 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 109 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Overripe fruit cooked with sugar and eaten. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 109 |
34045 | Rosa nutkana K. Presl 3427 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 74 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Outside of the fruit, or hip, eaten with oil. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74 |
24738 | Opuntia phaeacantha var. camanchica (Engelm. & Bigelow) L. Benson 2666 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 56 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Mountain tunas used for food. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 56 |
33028 | Rhus ovata S. Wats. 3350 | Yavapai 284 | g32 201 | 212 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Mashed, raw berries used for food. | Gifford, E. W., 1932, The Southeastern Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 29:177-252, page 212 |
36517 | Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli 3565 | Karok 105 | sg52 71 | 389 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Mashed berries used for food. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 389 |
14921 | Fragaria vesca ssp. americana (Porter) Staudt 1637 | Thompson 259 | steed28 33 | 487 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Large, wild berries eaten as a favorite food. | Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 487 |
30461 | Prunus nigra Ait. 3171 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 409 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Large quantities of plums found in thickets and gathered for food. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 409 |
43827 | Yucca baccata Torr. 4225 | Hopi 95 | w39 37 | 71 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Large fruits oven baked. | Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 71 |
18574 | Juniperus deppeana Steud. 2056 | Isleta 101 | j31 76 | 33 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Large fruit boiled and eaten as food. | Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 33 |
24864 | Opuntia sp. 2670 | Yavapai 284 | g36 48 | 257 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Juice used as a beverage. | Gifford, E. W., 1936, Northeastern and Western Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 34:247-345, page 257 |
33420 | Ribes cereum Dougl. 3363 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 226 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Insipid, rubbery berries used for food. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 226 |
33411 | Ribes cereum Dougl. 3363 | Okanagon 176 | p52 55 | 38 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Insipid, bright orange-red fruits used for food. | Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 38 |
33419 | Ribes cereum Dougl. 3363 | Thompson 259 | p52 55 | 38 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Insipid, bright orange-red fruits used for food. | Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 38 |
4633 | Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. 347 | Okanagon 176 | p52 55 | 38 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Insipid fruits eaten fresh. | Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 38 |
4681 | Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. 347 | Thompson 259 | p52 55 | 38 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Insipid fruits eaten fresh. | Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 38 |
6205 | Asclepias speciosa Torr. 442 | Cheyenne 33 | g72 39 | 184 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Inner layer of fruit used for food. | Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 184 |
33337 | Ribes americanum P. Mill. 3358 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 410 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | In the winter, a favorite dish was wild currants cooked with sweet corn. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 410 |
33764 | Ribes triste Pallas 3397 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 410 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | In the winter, a favorite dish was wild currants cooked with sweet corn. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 410 |
6204 | Asclepias speciosa Torr. 442 | Cheyenne 33 | h92 30 | 66 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Immature fruits peeled and inner layer eaten. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 66 |
34040 | Rosa nutkana K. Presl 3427 | Cowichan 52 | tb71 23 | 87 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Hips eaten raw in fall. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 87 |
34052 | Rosa nutkana K. Presl 3427 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 123 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Hips eaten raw in fall. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 123 |
34071 | Rosa nutkana K. Presl 3427 | Saanich 215 | tb71 23 | 87 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Hips eaten raw in fall. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 87 |
30249 | Prunus americana Marsh. 3160 | Dakota 61 | g19 17 | 87 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Highly valued fruit eaten fresh and raw. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 87 |
30285 | Prunus americana Marsh. 3160 | Omaha 177 | g19 17 | 87 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Highly valued fruit eaten fresh and raw. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 87 |
30290 | Prunus americana Marsh. 3160 | Pawnee 190 | g19 17 | 87 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Highly valued fruit eaten fresh and raw. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 87 |
30294 | Prunus americana Marsh. 3160 | Ponca 205 | g19 17 | 87 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Highly valued fruit eaten fresh and raw. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 87 |
30299 | Prunus americana Marsh. 3160 | Winnebago 280 | g19 17 | 87 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Highly valued fruit eaten fresh and raw. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 87 |
33445 | Ribes cereum var. pedicellare Brewer & S. Wats. 3364 | Zuni 291 | s15 6 | 70 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Highly relished berries used for food. | Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 70 |
11439 | Crataegus sp. 1131 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 409 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Haw apples used as a food in the fall. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 409 |
4433 | Arctostaphylos parryana Lemmon 339 | Luiseno 128 | s08 24 | 230 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Ground berry pulp used for food. | Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 230 |
26548 | Phoradendron sp. 2898 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 101 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Ground berries mixed with a small amount of ashes, boiled in a pot and eaten. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 101 |
21026 | Lomatium nudicaule (Pursh) Coult. & Rose 2246 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 156 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Green, undeveloped fruits chewed raw. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 156 |
6203 | Asclepias speciosa Torr. 442 | Cheyenne 33 | h81 57 | 14 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Green, immature fruits peeled and the inner layer eaten raw. | Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 14 |
4398 | Arctostaphylos manzanita Parry 337 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 375 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Green fruits eaten in small quantities to quench thirst. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 375 |
24574 | Opuntia arbuscula Engelm. 2644 | Pima 193 | c49 11 | 59 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Green fruits boiled with saltbush and used for food. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 59 |
24872 | Opuntia versicolor Engelm. ex Coult. 2673 | Pima 193 | c49 11 | 59 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Green fruits boiled with saltbush and used for food. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 59 |
33619 | Ribes lobbii Gray 3378 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 286 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Green berries occasionally eaten raw. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 286 |
33476 | Ribes divaricatum Dougl. 3368 | Cowlitz 53 | g73 25 | 32 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Green berries eaten fresh. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 32 |
33719 | Ribes sanguineum Pursh 3394 | Thompson, Upper (Lytton Band) 262 | steed28 33 | 487 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Grayish-black berries eaten. | Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 487 |
43372 | Vitis arizonica Engelm. 4171 | Jemez 102 | c30 28 | 28 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Grapes used for food. | Cook, Sarah Louise, 1930, The Ethnobotany of Jemez Indians., University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 28 |
43400 | Vitis cinerea (Engelm.) Millard 4173 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 42 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Grapes gathered in large quantities and eaten raw. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 42 |
10835 | Cornus canadensis L. 1091 | Eskimo, Alaska 67 | a39 167 | 715 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Gathered and mixed with other berries. | Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715 |
11150 | Cornus suecica L. 1104 | Eskimo, Alaska 67 | a39 167 | 715 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Gathered and mixed with other berries. | Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715 |
38320 | Solanum nigrum L. 3724 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 387 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fully ripe berries used for food. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 387 |
12901 | Echinocereus triglochidiatus Engelm. 1363 | Isleta 101 | c35 19 | 26 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruits, with spines removed by burning, eaten fresh. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 26 |
12912 | Echinocereus triglochidiatus var. triglochidiatus 1364 | Isleta 101 | c35 19 | 26 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruits, with spines removed by burning, eaten fresh. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 26 |
24673 | Opuntia humifusa (Raf.) Raf. 2661 | Dakota 61 | g19 17 | 104 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruits, with bristles removed, eaten fresh and raw or stewed. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 104 |
24686 | Opuntia humifusa (Raf.) Raf. 2661 | Pawnee 190 | g19 17 | 104 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruits, with bristles removed, eaten fresh and raw or stewed. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 104 |
30883 | Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr. 3182 | Costanoan 50 | b84 16 | 249 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruits used for food, late in season only. | Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 249 |
34033 | Rosa nutkana K. Presl 3427 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 209 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruits used for food in late fall. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 209 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );