uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
1,892 rows where use_subcategory = 52
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id ▼ | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
12916 | Echinocereus triglochidiatus var. triglochidiatus 1364 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 42 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Tunas used for food. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 42 |
12961 | Elaeagnus commutata Bernh. ex Rydb. 1374 | Alaska Native 4 | h53 132 | 144 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries fried in moose fat and eaten. | Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 144 |
12968 | Elaeagnus commutata Bernh. ex Rydb. 1374 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 102 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Peeled berries used for food. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 102 |
12976 | Elaeagnus commutata Bernh. ex Rydb. 1374 | Cree 54 | b41 145 | 485 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries used for food. | Beardsley, Gretchen, 1941, Notes on Cree Medicines, Based on Collections Made by I. Cowie in 1892., Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters 28:483-496, page 485 |
12978 | Elaeagnus commutata Bernh. ex Rydb. 1374 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 11 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruit used for food. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 11 |
12982 | Elaeagnus commutata Bernh. ex Rydb. 1374 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 99 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries used for food. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 99 |
12988 | Elaeagnus commutata Bernh. ex Rydb. 1374 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 13 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries eaten raw. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 13 |
12989 | Elaeagnus commutata Bernh. ex Rydb. 1374 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 13 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries mixed with grease, cooked and eaten. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 13 |
13066 | Empetrum nigrum L. 1393 | Cree, Woodlands 58 | l85 47 | 38 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruit eaten in the fall. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 38 |
13067 | Empetrum nigrum L. 1393 | Eskimo, Alaska 67 | a39 167 | 715 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruit used for food. | Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715 |
13069 | Empetrum nigrum L. 1393 | Eskimo, Arctic 68 | p53 171 | 21 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries eaten fresh. | Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 21 |
13071 | Empetrum nigrum L. 1393 | Eskimo, Inupiat 72 | j83 54 | 92 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries eaten with oil and sugar or mixed with other berries, sourdock, ice cream or fish livers. This was a favorite food made just the same way and still just as good as it had been for centuries. It was one food one could eat all one wanted, for any meal, day after day and still like it. It was good fresh or leftover and as a main meal, side dish or dessert. The sweet acidic berries and fat fish livers balanced each other and also were exceptionally nutritious. The only limiting factor in how much one ate was picking enough berries and catching enough fish to have the ingredients. The recipe was as follows: pick clean, ripe blackberries, at least one gallon. Save the livers from four, large freshly caught fall trout. Pinch out the bile sack, without breaking it, and discard. Soak the livers in a bowl of cold water while you finish caring for the fish. Rinse the livers, throw out the soak water. Simmer the livers in clean water until just done, five to ten minutes. Lift the livers out to drain and cool. They could be stored a few days this way in the refrigerator. Skim the oil off the broth and save to add. Mash the livers thoroughly in a bowl, every tiny lump, using your hand or a fork. Mix in a little water as you mash to make a smooth paste, like thick hotcake batter. Stir in the whole blackberries until all the paste was taken up coating the berries. No salt or sugar was ever used or needed. Newcomers would prefer trout livers which were mild, but after awhile began to crave the stronger taste and more satisfying oiliness of Tom Cod livers. | Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska. Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 92 |
13077 | Empetrum nigrum L. 1393 | Ojibwa 173 | r28 8 | 243 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruit used for food. | Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 243 |
13084 | Empetrum nigrum L. 1393 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 12 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries boiled with sugar and flour to thicken. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 12 |
13085 | Empetrum nigrum L. 1393 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 12 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries eaten raw, plain or mixed raw with sugar, grease or the combination of the two. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 12 |
13086 | Empetrum nigrum L. 1393 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 12 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries fried in grease with sugar or dried fish eggs. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 12 |
13087 | Empetrum nigrum L. 1393 | Tanana, Upper 255 | g74 172 | 28 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruit used for food. | Guedon, Marie-Francoise, 1974, People Of Tetlin, Why Are You Singing?, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 9, page 28 |
13091 | Empetrum nigrum L. 1393 | Tsimshian 267 | c93 14 | 332 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries used for food. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 332 |
13092 | Empetrum nigrum ssp. hermaphroditum (Lange ex Hagerup) B”cher 1394 | Eskimo, Alaska 67 | aa80 152 | 37 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries eaten alone. | Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 37 |
14395 | Escobaria missouriensis var. missouriensis 1570 | Crow 60 | b05 73 | 15 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Red, ripe fruit eaten. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 15 |
14399 | Escobaria vivipara var. vivipara 1571 | Blackfoot 23 | j87 146 | 45 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruits eaten for food. | Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 45 |
14402 | Escobaria vivipara var. vivipara 1571 | Cheyenne 33 | h81 57 | 16 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruits boiled fresh and eaten. | Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 16 |
14735 | Ferocactus sp. 1609 | Hualapai 97 | w82 127 | 42 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruits eaten for food. | Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 42 |
14765 | Ficus carica L. 1617 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 216 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruit eaten fresh. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 216 |
14800 | Forestiera pubescens var. pubescens 1626 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 44 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw fruits occasionally eaten as food. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 44 |
14832 | Fragaria chiloensis (L.) P. Mill. 1632 | Alaska Native 4 | h53 132 | 81 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries eaten raw. | Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 81 |
14834 | Fragaria chiloensis (L.) P. Mill. 1632 | Clallam 41 | f80 99 | 202 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries eaten fresh. | Fleisher, Mark S., 1980, The Ethnobotany of the Clallam Indians of Western Washington, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 14(2):192-210, page 202 |
14835 | Fragaria chiloensis (L.) P. Mill. 1632 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 72 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries used for food. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 72 |
14836 | Fragaria chiloensis (L.) P. Mill. 1632 | Hoh 94 | r36 77 | 63 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruits eaten raw. | Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63 |
14837 | Fragaria chiloensis (L.) P. Mill. 1632 | Hoh 94 | r36 77 | 63 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruits stewed and used for food. | Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63 |
14838 | Fragaria chiloensis (L.) P. Mill. 1632 | Kitasoo 112 | c93 14 | 342 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruit used for food. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 342 |
14839 | Fragaria chiloensis (L.) P. Mill. 1632 | Makah 133 | g73 25 | 36 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries eaten fresh immediately after picking. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 36 |
14840 | Fragaria chiloensis (L.) P. Mill. 1632 | Makah 133 | g83 3 | 262 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruit eaten fresh. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 262 |
14842 | Fragaria chiloensis (L.) P. Mill. 1632 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 117 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries eaten fresh. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 117 |
14843 | Fragaria chiloensis (L.) P. Mill. 1632 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 108 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries eaten fresh. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 108 |
14845 | Fragaria chiloensis (L.) P. Mill. 1632 | Pomo, Kashaya 202 | gl80 40 | 109 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries eaten fresh. | Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 109 |
14848 | Fragaria chiloensis (L.) P. Mill. 1632 | Quileute 209 | g73 25 | 36 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries eaten after fish. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 36 |
14849 | Fragaria chiloensis (L.) P. Mill. 1632 | Quileute 209 | r36 77 | 63 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruits eaten raw. | Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63 |
14850 | Fragaria chiloensis (L.) P. Mill. 1632 | Quileute 209 | r36 77 | 63 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruits stewed and used for food. | Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63 |
14853 | Fragaria chiloensis (L.) P. Mill. 1632 | Salish, Coast 217 | tb71 23 | 86 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruits eaten fresh. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 86 |
14854 | Fragaria chiloensis (L.) P. Mill. 1632 | Tolowa 266 | b81 70 | 31 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fresh fruit used for food. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 31 |
14855 | Fragaria chiloensis (L.) P. Mill. 1632 | Yurok 289 | b81 70 | 31 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fresh fruit used for food. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 31 |
14856 | Fragaria chiloensis ssp. lucida (Vilm.) Staudt 1633 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 264 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries eaten fresh. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 264 |
14858 | Fragaria chiloensis ssp. pacifica Staudt 1634 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 264 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries eaten fresh. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 264 |
14862 | Fragaria sp. 1635 | Carrier 27 | c73 134 | 78 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries used for food. | Carrier Linguistic Committee, 1973, Plants of Carrier Country, Fort St. James, BC. Carrier Linguistic Committee, page 78 |
14863 | Fragaria sp. 1635 | Chinook, Lower 37 | g73 25 | 36 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries eaten fresh. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 36 |
14864 | Fragaria sp. 1635 | Costanoan 50 | b84 16 | 249 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw fruits used for food. | Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 249 |
14875 | Fragaria sp. 1635 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 12 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries eaten fresh. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 12 |
14877 | Fragaria sp. 1635 | Nisqually 165 | g73 25 | 36 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries mashed and eaten. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 36 |
14878 | Fragaria sp. 1635 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 80 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries eaten fresh. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 80 |
14879 | Fragaria sp. 1635 | Puyallup 208 | g73 25 | 36 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries mashed and eaten. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 36 |
14881 | Fragaria sp. 1635 | Skagit, Upper 242 | t89 131 | 38 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruit eaten fresh. | Theodoratus, Robert J., 1989, Loss, Transfer, and Reintroduction in the Use of Wild Plant Foods in the Upper Skagit Valley, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 23(1):35-52, page 38 |
14883 | Fragaria sp. 1635 | Skokomish 243 | g73 25 | 36 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries mashed and eaten. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 36 |
14884 | Fragaria vesca L. 1636 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 208 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries used for food. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 208 |
14885 | Fragaria vesca L. 1636 | Clallam 41 | f80 99 | 202 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries eaten fresh. | Fleisher, Mark S., 1980, The Ethnobotany of the Clallam Indians of Western Washington, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 14(2):192-210, page 202 |
14886 | Fragaria vesca L. 1636 | Gosiute 79 | c11 38 | 370 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries used for food in season. | Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 370 |
14887 | Fragaria vesca L. 1636 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 72 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries used for food. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 72 |
14888 | Fragaria vesca L. 1636 | Kitasoo 112 | c93 14 | 342 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruit used for food. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 342 |
14889 | Fragaria vesca L. 1636 | Lakota 125 | r80 108 | 56 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruits eaten for food. | Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 56 |
14890 | Fragaria vesca L. 1636 | Lakota 125 | k90 156 | 37 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruits eaten fresh. | Kraft, Shelly Katheren, 1990, Recent Changes in the Ethnobotany of Standing Rock Indian Reservation, University of North Dakota, M.A. Thesis, page 37 |
14891 | Fragaria vesca L. 1636 | Lakota 125 | k90 156 | 37 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruits eaten with other foods. | Kraft, Shelly Katheren, 1990, Recent Changes in the Ethnobotany of Standing Rock Indian Reservation, University of North Dakota, M.A. Thesis, page 37 |
14892 | Fragaria vesca L. 1636 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 117 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries eaten fresh. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 117 |
14897 | Fragaria vesca L. 1636 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 125 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries eaten fresh. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 125 |
14899 | Fragaria vesca L. 1636 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 108 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries eaten fresh. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 108 |
14905 | Fragaria vesca L. 1636 | Salish, Coast 217 | tb71 23 | 86 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruits eaten fresh. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 86 |
14911 | Fragaria vesca L. 1636 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 259 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries eaten fresh. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 259 |
14912 | Fragaria vesca ssp. americana (Porter) Staudt 1637 | Chippewa 38 | gil33 15 | 132 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Strawberries considered an important part of the diet. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 132 |
14913 | Fragaria vesca ssp. americana (Porter) Staudt 1637 | Dakota 61 | g19 17 | 84 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruit used for food. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84 |
14916 | Fragaria vesca ssp. americana (Porter) Staudt 1637 | Iroquois 100 | w16 112 | 127 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Dried fruit taken as a hunting food. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127 |
14918 | Fragaria vesca ssp. americana (Porter) Staudt 1637 | Omaha 177 | g19 17 | 84 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruit used for food. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84 |
14919 | Fragaria vesca ssp. americana (Porter) Staudt 1637 | Pawnee 190 | g19 17 | 84 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruit used for food. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84 |
14920 | Fragaria vesca ssp. americana (Porter) Staudt 1637 | Ponca 205 | g19 17 | 84 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruit used for food. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84 |
14921 | Fragaria vesca ssp. americana (Porter) Staudt 1637 | Thompson 259 | steed28 33 | 487 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Large, wild berries eaten as a favorite food. | Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 487 |
14923 | Fragaria vesca ssp. americana (Porter) Staudt 1637 | Winnebago 280 | g19 17 | 84 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruit used for food. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84 |
14925 | Fragaria vesca ssp. bracteata (Heller) Staudt 1638 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 44 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw fruits occasionally eaten as food. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 44 |
14929 | Fragaria vesca ssp. bracteata (Heller) Staudt 1638 | Cowlitz 53 | g73 25 | 36 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries eaten fresh. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 36 |
14930 | Fragaria vesca ssp. bracteata (Heller) Staudt 1638 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 264 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries eaten fresh. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 264 |
14932 | Fragaria vesca ssp. bracteata (Heller) Staudt 1638 | Isleta 101 | j31 76 | 29 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Flavorful fruit considered a delicacy. | Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 29 |
14936 | Fragaria vesca ssp. bracteata (Heller) Staudt 1638 | Swinomish 253 | g73 25 | 36 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries eaten fresh. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 36 |
14937 | Fragaria vesca ssp. californica (Cham. & Schlecht.) Staudt 1639 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 74 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruit always eaten fresh. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 74 |
14938 | Fragaria vesca ssp. californica (Cham. & Schlecht.) Staudt 1639 | Coeur d'Alene 47 | teit28 144 | 90 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries eaten fresh. | Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 90 |
14939 | Fragaria vesca ssp. californica (Cham. & Schlecht.) Staudt 1639 | Coeur d'Alene 47 | teit28 144 | 90 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries mashed and eaten. | Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 90 |
14941 | Fragaria vesca ssp. californica (Cham. & Schlecht.) Staudt 1639 | Diegueno 65 | hedges86 85 | 21 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruit eaten fresh with cream. | Hedges, Ken, 1986, Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany, San Diego Museum of Man Ethnic Technology Notes, No. 20, page 21 |
14942 | Fragaria vesca ssp. californica (Cham. & Schlecht.) Staudt 1639 | Karok 105 | sg52 71 | 384 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries used for food. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 384 |
14943 | Fragaria vesca ssp. californica (Cham. & Schlecht.) Staudt 1639 | Karok 105 | b81 70 | 31 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fresh fruit used for food. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 31 |
14944 | Fragaria vesca ssp. californica (Cham. & Schlecht.) Staudt 1639 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 354 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries eaten fresh by children. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 354 |
14948 | Fragaria vesca ssp. californica (Cham. & Schlecht.) Staudt 1639 | Pomo 200 | g67 80 | 13 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw berries used for food. | Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 13 |
14949 | Fragaria vesca ssp. californica (Cham. & Schlecht.) Staudt 1639 | Pomo, Kashaya 202 | gl80 40 | 110 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries eaten fresh. | Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 110 |
14951 | Fragaria vesca ssp. californica (Cham. & Schlecht.) Staudt 1639 | Spokan 250 | teit28 144 | 343 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries used for food. | Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 343 |
14953 | Fragaria vesca ssp. californica (Cham. & Schlecht.) Staudt 1639 | Thompson 259 | steed28 33 | 488 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries eaten fresh. | Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 488 |
14956 | Fragaria vesca ssp. californica (Cham. & Schlecht.) Staudt 1639 | Yurok 289 | b81 70 | 31 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fresh fruit used for food. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 31 |
14957 | Fragaria virginiana Duchesne 1640 | Abnaki 1 | r47 84 | 169 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruits eaten for food. | Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 169 |
14958 | Fragaria virginiana Duchesne 1640 | Algonquin, Quebec 7 | b80 67 | 91 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruit gathered, cultivated and eaten fresh. | Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 91 |
14960 | Fragaria virginiana Duchesne 1640 | Algonquin, Tete-de-Boule 8 | ray45 113 | 128 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries used for food. | Raymond, Marcel., 1945, Notes Ethnobotaniques Sur Les Tete-De-Boule De Manouan, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:113-134, page 128 |
14961 | Fragaria virginiana Duchesne 1640 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 208 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries used for food. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 208 |
14964 | Fragaria virginiana Duchesne 1640 | Blackfoot 23 | j87 146 | 38 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruits eaten raw. | Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 38 |
14974 | Fragaria virginiana Duchesne 1640 | Cherokee 32 | perry75 86 | 56 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fresh berries used for food. | Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 56 |
14975 | Fragaria virginiana Duchesne 1640 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 57 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruit eaten raw. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 57 |
14978 | Fragaria virginiana Duchesne 1640 | Cheyenne 33 | h81 57 | 34 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruits formerly used for food. | Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 34 |
14981 | Fragaria virginiana Duchesne 1640 | Chippewa 38 | d28 4 | 321 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries eaten raw. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 321 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );