uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
319 rows where use_subcategory = 37 sorted by notes
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id | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes ▼ | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
7250 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 416 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | After stripping a felled tree of its bark, it was salvaged for firewood. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 416 |
40000 | Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don 3951 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 162 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Bark and branches used as kindling to start fires. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 162 |
31148 | Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco 3199 | Clallam 41 | f80 99 | 195 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Bark and wood used for firewood. | Fleisher, Mark S., 1980, The Ethnobotany of the Clallam Indians of Western Washington, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 14(2):192-210, page 195 |
31296 | Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii 3201 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 73 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Bark and wood used for fuel. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 73 |
7194 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Cree, Woodlands 58 | l85 47 | 32 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Bark fragments ignited from coals or smoldering tinder and used to start a fire. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 32 |
18815 | Juniperus occidentalis Hook. 2059 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 47 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Bark mixed with dirt to use as tinder. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 47 |
31195 | Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco 3199 | Salish, Coast 217 | tb71 23 | 71 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Bark used as a top quality fuel. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 71 |
31146 | Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco 3199 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 198 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Bark used as a valuable fuel. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 198 |
28038 | Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson 2968 | Shuswap 233 | palmer75 92 | 52 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Bark used as fuel because it cooled quickly and enemies cannot tell how long ago camp was broken. | Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 52 |
31858 | Quercus agrifolia var. agrifolia 3252 | Diegueno 65 | hedges86 85 | 33 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Bark used as fuel for firing pottery. | Hedges, Ken, 1986, Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany, San Diego Museum of Man Ethnic Technology Notes, No. 20, page 33 |
29417 | Populus deltoides ssp. monilifera (Ait.) Eckenwalder 3100 | Omaha 177 | g19 17 | 72 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Bark used as fuel for roasting the clays in making skin paints. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 72 |
30024 | Prosopis glandulosa var. torreyana (L. Benson) M.C. Johnston 3155 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 107 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Bark used as kindling for cooking and firewood in sweathouses. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 107 |
5687 | Artemisia tridentata Nutt. 407 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 78 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Bark used as tinder and for making friction fires. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 78 |
5826 | Artemisia tripartita Rydb. 408 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 79 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Bark used as tinder and for making friction fires. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 79 |
19070 | Juniperus sp. 2063 | Apache, Mescalero 12 | b74 52 | 43 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Bark used as tinder for fire drills. | Basehart, Harry W., 1974, Apache Indians XII. Mescalero Apache Subsistence Patterns and Socio-Political Organization, New York. Garland Publishing Inc., page 43 |
18710 | Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. 2058 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 11 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Bark used as tinder for making ceremonial fire with fire drill. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 11 |
32438 | Quercus sp. 3289 | Costanoan 50 | b84 16 | 248 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Bark used as tinder. | Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 248 |
31257 | Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii 3201 | Chehalis 31 | g73 25 | 19 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Bark used for firewood. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19 |
31263 | Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii 3201 | Cowlitz 53 | g73 25 | 19 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Bark used for firewood. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19 |
31266 | Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii 3201 | Green River Group 81 | g73 25 | 19 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Bark used for firewood. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19 |
31280 | Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii 3201 | Klallam 114 | g73 25 | 19 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Bark used for firewood. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19 |
31282 | Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii 3201 | Lummi 129 | g73 25 | 19 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Bark used for firewood. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19 |
31304 | Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii 3201 | Quinault 210 | g73 25 | 19 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Bark used for firewood. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19 |
31308 | Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii 3201 | Skagit 241 | g73 25 | 19 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Bark used for firewood. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19 |
31317 | Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii 3201 | Swinomish 253 | g73 25 | 19 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Bark used for firewood. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19 |
40916 | Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. 4041 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 422 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Bark used for fuel, when reboiling pitch, because the heat was easy to regulate. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 422 |
7330 | Betula sp. 585 | Eskimo, Inuktitut 71 | w78 64 | 192 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Bark used for tinder. | Wilson, Michael R., 1978, Notes on Ethnobotany in Inuktitut, The Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology 8:180-196, page 192 |
7211 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Koyukon 118 | n83 158 | 53 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Bark used to start campfires or light the stove at home. | Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 53 |
26943 | Picea glauca (Moench) Voss 2934 | Iroquois 100 | r45i 116 | 83 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Bark used to start fires. | Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De L'ile Aux Coudres, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:75-111, page 83 |
27092 | Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P. 2935 | Iroquois 100 | r45i 116 | 83 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Bark used to start fires. | Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De L'ile Aux Coudres, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:75-111, page 83 |
7291 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 5 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Black colored stem growth used as tinder for kindling fires with a fire drill. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
7292 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 5 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Black stem growth used as tinder for starting fires with a fire drill. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
13481 | Equisetum sp. 1428 | Koyukon 118 | n83 158 | 56 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Blades used to produce smoke in smudge fires. | Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 56 |
29304 | Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa (Torr. & Gray ex Hook.) Brayshaw 3097 | Montana Indian 151 | h92 30 | 68 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Branches used for firewood. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 68 |
29387 | Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh. 3098 | Montana Indian 151 | h92 30 | 68 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Branches used for firewood. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 68 |
29516 | Populus sp. 3105 | Blackfoot 23 | j87 146 | 28 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Branches used for firewood. | Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 28 |
31692 | Purshia tridentata (Pursh) DC. 3231 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 128 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Branches used for fuel. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 128 |
8648 | Ceanothus greggii Gray 810 | Yavapai 284 | g36 48 | 259 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Branches used for kindling. | Gifford, E. W., 1936, Northeastern and Western Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 34:247-345, page 259 |
31693 | Purshia tridentata (Pursh) DC. 3231 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 128 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Branches used to make the initial fire for pit cooking. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 128 |
5034 | Artemisia cana Pursh 392 | Tubatulabal 269 | v38 137 | 17 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Brush burned to roast cones. | Voegelin, Ermine W., 1938, Tubatulabal Ethnography, Anthropological Records 2(1):1-84, page 17 |
5811 | Artemisia tridentata Nutt. 407 | Tubatulabal 269 | v38 137 | 17 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Brush burned to roast cones. | Voegelin, Ermine W., 1938, Tubatulabal Ethnography, Anthropological Records 2(1):1-84, page 17 |
391 | Acacia greggii Gray 15 | Pima 193 | c49 11 | 90 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Bushes dried and used for firewood. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 90 |
44472 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 27 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Cob pith used as punk (tinder). | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27 |
44524 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Tewa 257 | rhf16 61 | 78 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Cobs used as fuel in emergencies and as fire lighters. | Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 78 |
18666 | Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. 2058 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 48 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Considered an important source of firewood for steady, even fires. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 48 |
376 | Acacia greggii Gray 15 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 29 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Considered an outstanding construction material and a fine firewood. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 29 |
18857 | Juniperus osteosperma (Torr.) Little 2060 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 206 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Crushed bark used as a 'slow match.' The crushed bark was twisted into a rope, tied at intervals with yucca and wrapped into a coil. The free end was set on fire and kept smoldering by blowing on it at intervals. Fire could be carried in this fashion from early dawn until noon. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 206 |
18858 | Juniperus osteosperma (Torr.) Little 2060 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 206 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Crushed bark used for tinder. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 206 |
35475 | Rumex salicifolius var. mexicanus (Meisn.) C.L. Hitchc. 3493 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 67 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Crushed, dried roots used as tinder. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 67 |
18582 | Juniperus deppeana Steud. 2056 | Yavapai 284 | g36 48 | 259 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Dead wood used for fuel. | Gifford, E. W., 1936, Northeastern and Western Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 34:247-345, page 259 |
18930 | Juniperus osteosperma (Torr.) Little 2060 | Yavapai 284 | g36 48 | 259 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Dead wood used for fuel. | Gifford, E. W., 1936, Northeastern and Western Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 34:247-345, page 259 |
511 | Acer macrophyllum Pursh 26 | Quinault 210 | g73 25 | 39 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Dead wood used for smoking salmon. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 39 |
27970 | Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson 2968 | Klamath 115 | c04 186 | 735 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Dried needles stuffed loosely between cross sticks and lighted to ignite them. | Coville, Frederick V., 1904, Wokas, a Primitive Food of the Klamath Indians., Smithsonian Institution, US. National Museum., page 735 |
13703 | Ericameria parryi var. howardii (Parry ex Gray) Nesom & Baird 1459 | Hopi 95 | f96 72 | 20 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Dried plant used as one of the four prescribed kiva fuels. | Fewkes, J. Walter, 1896, A Contribution to Ethnobotany, American Anthropologist 9:14-21, page 20 |
1952 | Alectoria nigricans (Ach.) Nyl. 119 | Eskimo, Inuktitut 71 | w78 64 | 191 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Dried plant used for tinder. | Wilson, Michael R., 1978, Notes on Ethnobotany in Inuktitut, The Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology 8:180-196, page 191 |
1954 | Alectoria nitidula (Th. Fr.) Vain 120 | Eskimo, Inuktitut 71 | w78 64 | 191 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Dried plant used for tinder. | Wilson, Michael R., 1978, Notes on Ethnobotany in Inuktitut, The Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology 8:180-196, page 191 |
1956 | Alectoria ochroleuca (Hoffm.) Massal. 121 | Eskimo, Inuktitut 71 | w78 64 | 191 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Dried plant used for tinder. | Wilson, Michael R., 1978, Notes on Ethnobotany in Inuktitut, The Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology 8:180-196, page 191 |
10747 | Cornicularia divergens Ach. 1087 | Eskimo, Inuktitut 71 | w78 64 | 191 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Dried plant used for tinder. | Wilson, Michael R., 1978, Notes on Ethnobotany in Inuktitut, The Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology 8:180-196, page 191 |
18131 | Isocoma pluriflora (Torr. & Gray) Greene 2020 | Pima 193 | c49 11 | 101 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Dried plants used for kindling. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 101 |
15508 | Galium sp. 1688 | Cowichan 52 | tb71 23 | 88 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Dried plants used for lighting fires. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 88 |
1767 | Agave deserti Engelm. 91 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 31 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Dried stalks used for firewood. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 31 |
31841 | Quercus agrifolia N‚e 3251 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 121 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Dried wood considered an ideal firewood for heating and cooking. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 121 |
31936 | Quercus chrysolepis Liebm. 3255 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 121 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Dried wood considered an ideal firewood for heating and cooking. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 121 |
31998 | Quercus dumosa Nutt. 3257 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 121 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Dried wood considered an ideal firewood for heating and cooking. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 121 |
32186 | Quercus kelloggii Newberry 3270 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 121 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Dried wood considered an ideal firewood for heating and cooking. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 121 |
5793 | Artemisia tridentata Nutt. 407 | Tewa 257 | rhf16 61 | 45 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Dry bushes used for fuel in absence of other firewood. | Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 45 |
28064 | Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson 2968 | Thompson, Upper (Fraser Band) 261 | steed28 33 | 499 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Dry cones mixed with fir bark to make the best smoke for smoking skins. | Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 499 |
28066 | Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson 2968 | Thompson, Upper (Lytton Band) 262 | steed28 33 | 499 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Dry cones mixed with fir bark to make the best smoke for smoking skins. | Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 499 |
29652 | Populus tremuloides Michx. 3106 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 61 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Dry limbs used as a source of fuel. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 61 |
33133 | Rhus trilobata Nutt. 3352 | Hopi 95 | f96 72 | 16 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Dry shrub used as one of the four prescribed fuels for the kivas. | Fewkes, J. Walter, 1896, A Contribution to Ethnobotany, American Anthropologist 9:14-21, page 16 |
12047 | Dasiphora floribunda (Pursh) Kartesz 1234 | Blackfoot 23 | j87 146 | 39 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Dry, flaky bark used as tinder when starting a fire with twirling sticks. | Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 39 |
31629 | Purshia mexicana (D. Don) Henrickson 3229 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 223 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Fine, soft bark used as tinder for the fire drill. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 223 |
39133 | Symphoricarpos occidentalis Hook. 3854 | Blackfoot 23 | j87 146 | 55 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Green twigs used to make a fire to blacken the surface of newly made pipes. | Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 55 |
36505 | Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli 3565 | Costanoan 50 | b84 16 | 254 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Hollow twigs used in fire making. | Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 254 |
40233 | Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don 3951 | Salish, Coast 217 | tb71 23 | 71 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Inner bark beaten to separate the fibers and used for tinder. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 71 |
9125 | Chamaecyparis nootkatensis (D. Don) Spach 860 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 65 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Inner bark finely shredded and used as tinder. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 65 |
39943 | Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don 3951 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 197 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Inner bark used for tinder. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 197 |
40286 | Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don 3951 | Tsimshian 267 | c93 14 | 315 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Inner bark used to start fires. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 315 |
27194 | Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr. 2938 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 41 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Knots used as fuel to keep the fire burning all night. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 41 |
31707 | Purshia tridentata (Pursh) DC. 3231 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 82 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Large branches that grow close to the roots used as firewood. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 82 |
1492 | Adenostoma fasciculatum Hook. & Arn. 66 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 29 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Large roots used for firewood. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 29 |
44090 | Yucca glauca Nutt. 4230 | Dakota 61 | g13i 91 | 358 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Leaves bound in a slender bundle and used as a substitute for wood. The slender bundle of leaves formed the firedrill which was placed in a hearth and twirled by the hands until it smouldered upon which time it was blown upon to ignite the flame. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 358 |
19126 | Juniperus sp. 2063 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 17 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Light bark used as tinder to catch the spark from the fire drill. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 17 |
1514 | Adenostoma sparsifolium Torr. 67 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 30 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Limbs used as a favorite firewood for roasting, giving a high intensity heat. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 30 |
476 | Acer macrophyllum Pursh 26 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 29 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Limbs used for house construction and considered good firewood. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 29 |
27286 | Picea sp. 2939 | Eskimo, Alaska 67 | aa80 152 | 34 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Logs considered an important source of fuel for heating the homes and steambaths of the village. | Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 34 |
40234 | Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don 3951 | Salish, Coast 217 | tb71 23 | 71 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Outer bark used for fuel. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 71 |
31159 | Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco 3199 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 44 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Pitch laden bark and limbs used as an excellent fuel. In Hesquiat mythology, Black Bear used to break off Douglas fir bark with one swipe of his paw and pile it on end in the fire. Raven wanted to have a meal with Bear and he tried to imitate Bear in collecting fuel, but he could not break off the bark; he only hurt himself. When the fire was going, Bear put his paws up to the fire and oil dripped out of them into a dish. Raven watched him doing this, and when Bear went over to eat at Raven's house, Raven tried to produce oil in a similar manner. But no oil came out of his feet, and his claws burned and shrivelled up into their present state. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 44 |
36547 | Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli 3565 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 388 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Pith formerly used as a combustible material for starting fires. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 388 |
38752 | Spiraea stevenii (Schneid.) Rydb. 3797 | Eskimo, Alaska 67 | aa80 152 | 36 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Plant burned for smoking fish. | Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 36 |
12011 | Dalea formosa Torr. 1221 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 57 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Plant used for firewood. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 57 |
5420 | Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt. 399 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 170 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Plant used on the fire in the first smoking of a hide during the curing process. The smoke from this plant was supposed to soften the hide. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 170 |
37755 | Serenoa repens (Bartr.) Small 3655 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 504 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Plant used to make flint and steel punk. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 504 |
13102 | Encelia farinosa Gray ex Torr. 1395 | Pima 193 | c49 11 | 102 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Resinous branches used to make quick fires. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 102 |
31490 | Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn 3214 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 58 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Rhizomes chewed, used as punk in a clam shell and placed in a fire. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 58 |
17868 | Ipomoea leptophylla Torr. 1990 | Lakota 125 | r80 108 | 43 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Roots used in place of matches. It is said that in olden days when there were no matches, they used to start a fire in the root, wrap it up and hang it outside. The fire would keep for seven months. | Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 43 |
29349 | Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa (Torr. & Gray ex Hook.) Brayshaw 3097 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 276 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Rotten wood used as a fuel in smoking hides. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 276 |
31224 | Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco 3199 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 107 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Rotten wood used as fuel for smoking hides. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 107 |
7251 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 416 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Scraps of bark used by women to kindle or light fires. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 416 |
40019 | Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don 3951 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 35 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Shredded inner bark twisted tightly, tied with cedar bark strips and used as tinder to start a fire. A story involving cedar -- called 'nuhtume' by Hesquiat -- tells of the time Deer stole fire. This version has Deer taking fire from the Wolves; another says that Deer stole it from Chief Red-winged Blackbird. In both versions Deer attached the soft, shredded cedar bark to his elbows, knees and horns. He allowed this dry cedar bark to catch fire when he visited the fire's owner. Deer escaped by jumping out through the roof. Since, however, he had to jump into water while fleeing, the only fire that continued to burn was that in the cedar bark on his horns. Thus, Deer did bring back fire but suffered burnt knees and elbows. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 35 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );