uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
403 rows where use_subcategory = 33 sorted by rawsource descending
This data as json, CSV (advanced)
id | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource ▲ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
37496 | Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla 3609 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 63 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Stems sewn with cord, made into mats & used as rugs, meat platters, cradle linings & sleeping mats. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 63 |
31973 | Quercus douglasii Hook. & Arn. 3256 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 56 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to carve a ladle about a foot long. A branch with a bulge was sought and the bulge was hollowed out by burning to form the bowl. Such a utensil was used for stirring and dipping out foods. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 56 |
18422 | Juniperus californica Carr. 2053 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 35 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make acorn mush stirrers and ladles. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 35 |
14092 | Eriogonum nudum Dougl. ex Benth. 1520 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 30 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Hollow stems used as drinking tubes. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 30 |
14102 | Eriogonum nudum var. pauciflorum S. Wats. 1522 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 30 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Hollow stems used as drinking tubes. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 30 |
1608 | Aesculus californica (Spach) Nutt. 73 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 10 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood sections hollowed out by burning and carved into bowls. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 10 |
17715 | Ilex opaca Ait. 1977 | Cherokee 32 | w47 105 | 74 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make spoons. | Witthoft, John, 1947, An Early Cherokee Ethnobotanical Note, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 37(3):73-75, page 74 |
36173 | Salix sp. 3551 | Eskimo, Inuktitut 71 | w78 64 | 189 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Small branches used to string fish for drying. | Wilson, Michael R., 1978, Notes on Ethnobotany in Inuktitut, The Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology 8:180-196, page 189 |
26928 | Picea glauca (Moench) Voss 2934 | Eskimo, Inuktitut 71 | w78 64 | 188 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Roots used to make spoons, dippers and bowls. | Wilson, Michael R., 1978, Notes on Ethnobotany in Inuktitut, The Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology 8:180-196, page 188 |
27086 | Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P. 2935 | Eskimo, Inuktitut 71 | w78 64 | 188 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Roots used to make spoons, dippers and bowls. | Wilson, Michael R., 1978, Notes on Ethnobotany in Inuktitut, The Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology 8:180-196, page 188 |
29539 | Populus sp. 3105 | Eskimo, Inuktitut 71 | w78 64 | 186 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make carved utensils. | Wilson, Michael R., 1978, Notes on Ethnobotany in Inuktitut, The Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology 8:180-196, page 186 |
19417 | Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl. 2090 | Hopi 95 | w39 37 | 93 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Used as dippers, canteens and spoons. | Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 93 |
37139 | Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Hook.) Torr. 3586 | Hopi 95 | w39 37 | 74 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Strong wood used to make stirring rods. | Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 74 |
19429 | Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl. 2090 | Keresan 108 | w45 90 | 561 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Used to make dippers. | White, Leslie A, 1945, Notes on the Ethnobotany of the Keres, Papers of the Michigan Academy of Arts, Sciences and Letters 30:557-568, page 561 |
12872 | Echinocactus sp. 1354 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 232 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Used as improvised cooking vessels particularly on hunting expeditions. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 232 |
3158 | Amelanchier utahensis Koehne 216 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 222 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make flat parching trays. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 222 |
14045 | Eriogonum inflatum Torr. & Fr‚m. 1512 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 216 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Stems cut at both ends and used as drinking tubes. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 216 |
29474 | Populus fremontii S. Wats. 3102 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 213 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make bowls and plates. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 213 |
1869 | Agave utahensis Engelm. 97 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 212 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Used to make spoons for thin drinks. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 212 |
24013 | Nolina microcarpa S. Wats. 2590 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 212 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Lower stalks split open to form an alternative base for drying mescal. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 212 |
44424 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Iroquois 100 | w16 112 | 71 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Husks used as wrappers for boiling the double wedding corn bread package. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 71 |
13997 | Eriogonum elongatum Benth. 1505 | Tubatulabal 269 | v38 137 | 19 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Tubular sections of jointed stalks used to collect and roast juice for chewing gum. | Voegelin, Ermine W., 1938, Tubatulabal Ethnography, Anthropological Records 2(1):1-84, page 19 |
5033 | Artemisia cana Pursh 392 | Tubatulabal 269 | v38 137 | 12 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Used as brush beds for roasting pinon cones. | Voegelin, Ermine W., 1938, Tubatulabal Ethnography, Anthropological Records 2(1):1-84, page 12 |
5810 | Artemisia tridentata Nutt. 407 | Tubatulabal 269 | v38 137 | 12 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Used as brush beds for roasting pinon cones. | Voegelin, Ermine W., 1938, Tubatulabal Ethnography, Anthropological Records 2(1):1-84, page 12 |
35838 | Salix exigua Nutt. 3527 | Tubatulabal 269 | v38 137 | 11 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Used to wrap up fish before roasting. | Voegelin, Ermine W., 1938, Tubatulabal Ethnography, Anthropological Records 2(1):1-84, page 11 |
35839 | Salix exigua Nutt. 3527 | Tubatulabal 269 | v38 137 | 11 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Used to wrap up fish before roasting. | Voegelin, Ermine W., 1938, Tubatulabal Ethnography, Anthropological Records 2(1):1-84, page 11 |
37167 | Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Hook.) Torr. 3586 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 25 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Stems tied together with buckskin and used for mush stirring sticks. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 25 |
29639 | Populus tremuloides Michx. 3106 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 22 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Knots used to make wooden cups. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 22 |
6181 | Asclepias sp. 441 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 47 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Dried pods used as spoons. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 47 |
31371 | Psoralidium tenuiflorum (Pursh) Rydb. 3206 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 34 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Stout stem used as a fork to eat buffalo steak. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 34 |
12985 | Elaeagnus commutata Bernh. ex Rydb. 1374 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 99 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Inner bark twisted to make soapberry beaters. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 99 |
11112 | Cornus sericea ssp. sericea 1102 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 96 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Branches used to make spatulas. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 96 |
5146 | Artemisia dracunculus L. 395 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 76 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Branches with leaves used as spreaders for drying salmon and to separate stored layers of salmon. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 76 |
448 | Acer glabrum Torr. 23 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 59 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make screens for smoke drying racks. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59 |
449 | Acer glabrum Torr. 23 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 59 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make tongs for removing food from boiling water. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59 |
26280 | Phalaris arundinacea L. 2864 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 57 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Used to make eating mats and mats for drying roots and berries. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 57 |
7634 | Calamagrostis rubescens Buckl. 658 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 53 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves tied to a stick and used as a beater for whipping soapberries. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 53 |
37396 | Schoenoplectus acutus var. acutus 3603 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 36 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Stems dried, sewn into large mats and used for drying berries and cutting and drying meat and fish. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 36 |
3053 | Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer 204 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 253 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make salmon spreaders. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 253 |
13000 | Elaeagnus commutata Bernh. ex Rydb. 1374 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 207 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Bark twine used in drying roots and bunches of tied bark used as soapberry whippers. The bark was peeled off in as long strips as possible in the spring or fall when it was 'kind of dry' and split with a knife (originally of stone). The grayish outer bark was removed and the inner bark scraped, cleaned and cut into desired widths. At this stage, the bark could be dried for future use. The long, even strands of the fresh or dried bark, after it was soaked, could be spun on the bare leg into a strong, two-ply twine used for many different purposes. The bark wine was used in twining mats, bags, capes, skirts and other clothing and also to thread bitter roots, avalanche lily corms and other roots for drying. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 207 |
11257 | Corylus cornuta Marsh. 1111 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 190 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Young suckers used as salmon spreaders in the absence of saskatoon branches. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 190 |
7309 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 189 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Tough, waterproof bark used as a material for wrapping food. The bark was particularly important in the storage of food. It could be stripped off in fall when it was quite papery and could be split into thin sheets. These were weighted down with rocks to flatten them and then used to line the bottoms of berry baskets to keep the baskets from getting stained. The bark was also placed between layers of dried salmon in storage and used in the storage of cooked roots such as lily corms. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 189 |
531 | Acer macrophyllum Pursh 26 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 147 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Inner bark used to make soapberry whippers. Children sometimes made miniature whisks which they used to whip the juice that was left after the dried soapberries were soaked. They made the juice with their whisks and then drank it. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 147 |
532 | Acer macrophyllum Pursh 26 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 147 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used in pit cooking, to line the pit and interspersed between the layers of food. The leaves were also used between layers of fish in fish caches. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 147 |
533 | Acer macrophyllum Pursh 26 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 147 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used to line the containers used in making ripened salmon eggs. The maple leaves were used to line the basket and were placed in layers between the eggs. The eggs were generally prepared in a birch bark basket, placed in a hole in the ground lined with birch bark and left there until springtime when they were considered cooked. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 147 |
534 | Acer macrophyllum Pursh 26 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 147 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make soapberry eating paddles. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 147 |
41401 | Typha latifolia L. 4049 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 144 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves and stems used in making 'trays' or plates. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 144 |
26631 | Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. 2901 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 142 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Stems twined together to make food drying mats similar to those of tule stems. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 142 |
7637 | Calamagrostis rubescens Buckl. 658 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 140 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Grass used in drying soapberries. The grass was washed, braided at the ends and laid out on a rack upon which the soapberries were placed to dry. A small fire was lit under the racks and when the berries were dried, they were stored with the grass still attached. Then, for use, the berries and grass were soaked in water and hand mixed. The grass, which helped to whip the berries, eventually floated to the top after which it was removed. Any remaining grass was removed by the person eating the berry whip. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 140 |
7638 | Calamagrostis rubescens Buckl. 658 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 140 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Tied bunches of grass used as soapberry whips. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 140 |
20084 | Leymus cinereus (Scribn. & Merr.) A. L”ve 2160 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 140 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Stout culms broken into lengths and poked into edges of cut fish to hold it flat while drying. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 140 |
31222 | Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco 3199 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 107 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Dry wood broken & placed in a thick layer above & below the food in the cooking pit & used as fuel. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 107 |
31223 | Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco 3199 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 107 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Peeled twig bundles used as whippers for soapberries. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 107 |
28059 | Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson 2968 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 104 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Needles supported on a framework of poles used for drying cooked berries. The needles were interspersed between layers of dried salmon or any other food being stored. They kept the food dry, but allowed air to circulate around it to prevent spoiling. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 104 |
2553 | Alnus rubra Bong. 172 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 98 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves and branches placed over and beneath food in steaming pits and kettles. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 98 |
2554 | Alnus rubra Bong. 172 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 98 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make bowls. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 98 |
508 | Acer macrophyllum Pursh 26 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 91 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Hard, lightweight wood used to make bowls. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 91 |
420 | Acer circinatum Pursh 22 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 90 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make bowls and drinking containers. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 90 |
21647 | Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John 2337 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 78 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Large, waxy leaves used as plates, drinking cups, berry drying racks and steam pit covers. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 78 |
40128 | Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don 3951 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 67 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make bowls, cooking boxes and spreading sticks to prevent dried fish from curling up. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 67 |
7377 | Blechnum spicant (L.) Sm. 592 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 63 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Fronds placed below and above food in steaming pits. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 63 |
6578 | Athyrium filix-femina (L.) Roth 498 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 62 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Fronds placed in layers below and above food in steaming pits. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 62 |
12694 | Dryopteris campyloptera Clarkson 1335 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 62 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Fronds placed in layers below and above food in steaming pits. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 62 |
29125 | Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl 3085 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 62 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Fronds placed below and above food in steaming pits. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 62 |
1961 | Alectoria sarmentosa (L.) Ach. 122 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 55 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Used for wiping salmon. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 55 |
41918 | Usnea longissima (L.) Ach. 4063 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 55 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Used for wiping salmon. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 55 |
35976 | Salix lucida ssp. lasiandra (Benth.) E. Murr. 3539 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 127 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make single pronged barbecue sticks for roasting salmon. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 127 |
17332 | Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim. 1904 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 117 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make barbecue sticks. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 117 |
17360 | Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim. 1904 | Salish, Cowichan 218 | ttco83 101 | 117 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make skewers for roasting and drying clams. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 117 |
21648 | Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John 2337 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 105 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used to make rectangular drying frames for drying mashed salal berries. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 105 |
15665 | Gaultheria shallon Pursh 1703 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 104 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Branches and leaves used in steam cooking pits to circulate steam and keep food from burning. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 104 |
38731 | Spiraea douglasii Hook. 3792 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 210 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Branches used to hang salmon for drying and smoking. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 210 |
10998 | Cornus sericea ssp. sericea 1102 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 203 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Branches used for barbecue racks. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 203 |
437 | Acer glabrum Torr. 23 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 200 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Bark used to make spoons. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 200 |
3503 | Angelica genuflexa Nutt. 262 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 200 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Hollow stems used to make drinking straws. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 200 |
21589 | Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John 2337 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 198 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Large leaves folded and used as drinking cups, as covering for drying cakes and to line pits. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 198 |
34971 | Rubus spectabilis Pursh 3470 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 74 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves spread at bottom of wooden cooking containers to prevent the hot rocks from burning the wood. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74 |
34972 | Rubus spectabilis Pursh 3470 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 74 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Sticks used to make salmon spreaders and for stringing clams for cooking and smoking. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74 |
38814 | Stachys mexicana Benth. 3814 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 69 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Plants laid under fish to keep them clean. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 69 |
15630 | Gaultheria shallon Pursh 1703 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 65 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Branches, with leaves attached, layered between fishheads and fish to prevent sticking. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 65 |
15631 | Gaultheria shallon Pursh 1703 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 65 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Branches, with leaves attached, used as beaters for whipping soapberries. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 65 |
15632 | Gaultheria shallon Pursh 1703 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 65 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves, folded around like a cone, made a good drinking cup. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 65 |
2510 | Alnus rubra Bong. 172 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 62 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used for carved dishes and canoe bailers. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 62 |
40018 | Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don 3951 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 35 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make serving dippers. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 35 |
9090 | Chamaecyparis nootkatensis (D. Don) Spach 860 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 33 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used for making ornamental dishes and headdresses. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 33 |
497 | Acer macrophyllum Pursh 26 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 296 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to carve dishes and spoons. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 296 |
2531 | Alnus rubra Bong. 172 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 296 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to carve dishes and spoons. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 296 |
27431 | Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. 2953 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 296 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make fire tongs. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 296 |
41018 | Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg. 4043 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 296 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to carve dishes and spoons. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 296 |
20112 | Leymus mollis ssp. mollis 2162 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 285 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used with skunk cabbage leaves to line steaming boxes for cooking lupine roots. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 285 |
21632 | Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John 2337 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 285 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used to wrap wild clover roots for baking, boiling and steaming. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 285 |
21633 | Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John 2337 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 285 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used with green grass leaves to line steaming boxes for cooking lupine roots. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 285 |
21630 | Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John 2337 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 282 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used for drying salal berry cakes. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 282 |
2532 | Alnus rubra Bong. 172 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 279 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make bowls and large tubs for tribal feasts. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 279 |
21631 | Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John 2337 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 271 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used for steam cooking salmon. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 271 |
39498 | Taxus brevifolia Nutt. 3902 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 271 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make bowls. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 271 |
9117 | Chamaecyparis nootkatensis (D. Don) Spach 860 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 266 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make dishes. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 266 |
40071 | Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don 3951 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 266 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Boughs used in drying seaweed for eating. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 266 |
29113 | Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl 3085 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 265 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used to line steaming pits. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 265 |
1584 | Adiantum pedatum L. 71 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 264 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Used to cover berry drying racks. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 264 |
Advanced export
JSON shape: default, array, newline-delimited, object
CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );