uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
403 rows where use_subcategory = 33 sorted by pageno descending
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id | species | tribe | source | pageno ▲ | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
12985 | Elaeagnus commutata Bernh. ex Rydb. 1374 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 99 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Inner bark twisted to make soapberry beaters. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 99 |
2553 | Alnus rubra Bong. 172 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 98 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves and branches placed over and beneath food in steaming pits and kettles. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 98 |
2554 | Alnus rubra Bong. 172 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 98 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make bowls. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 98 |
11112 | Cornus sericea ssp. sericea 1102 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 96 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Branches used to make spatulas. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 96 |
15672 | Gaultheria shallon Pursh 1703 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 96 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Branches tied into a bunch and used for whipping soapberries. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 96 |
3198 | Amorpha fruticosa L. 222 | Pawnee 190 | g19 17 | 93 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Shrub used on the ground to receive meat while butchering, to keep the meat clean. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 93 |
19417 | Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl. 2090 | Hopi 95 | w39 37 | 93 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Used as dippers, canteens and spoons. | Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 93 |
30155 | Prosopis velutina Woot. 3158 | Pima 193 | c49 11 | 93 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Green wood used to make ladles. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 93 |
508 | Acer macrophyllum Pursh 26 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 91 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Hard, lightweight wood used to make bowls. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 91 |
1861 | Agave sp. 96 | Navajo 157 | b65 195 | 91 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used to line the baking pits. | Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 91 |
6475 | Astragalus canadensis var. canadensis 467 | Omaha 177 | g19 17 | 91 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Plant used as a mat to keep the meat free from dirt while butchering. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 91 |
6477 | Astragalus canadensis var. canadensis 467 | Ponca 205 | g19 17 | 91 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Plant used as a mat to keep the meat free from dirt while butchering. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 91 |
420 | Acer circinatum Pursh 22 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 90 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make bowls and drinking containers. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 90 |
25494 | Parkinsonia florida (Benth. ex Gray) S. Wats. 2746 | Pima 193 | c49 11 | 90 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Large branches and trunks used to make ladles. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 90 |
25495 | Parkinsonia florida (Benth. ex Gray) S. Wats. 2746 | Pima 193 | c49 11 | 90 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Trunk and larger branches used to make ladles. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 90 |
17349 | Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim. 1904 | Saanich 215 | tb71 23 | 86 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make salmon barbecuing sticks. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 86 |
17355 | Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim. 1904 | Salish, Coast 217 | tb71 23 | 86 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make salmon barbecuing sticks. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 86 |
7448 | Bouteloua gracilis (Willd. ex Kunth) Lag. ex Griffiths 608 | Zuni 291 | s15 6 | 83 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Grass bunches tied together and used to strain goat's milk. | Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 83 |
473 | Acer glabrum var. douglasii (Hook.) Dippel 24 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 82 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make spoons. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 82 |
4226 | Arbutus menziesii Pursh 322 | Salish, Coast 217 | tb71 23 | 82 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Young branches used to make spoons. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 82 |
40050 | Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don 3951 | Kwakiutl 121 | b66 148 | 8 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used for making utensils. | Boas, Franz, 1966, Kwakiutl Ethnography, Chicago. University of Chicago Press, page 8 |
2574 | Alnus rubra Bong. 172 | Salish, Coast 217 | tb71 23 | 79 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make dishes and spoons. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 79 |
19434 | Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl. 2090 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 79 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Used to make dippers. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 79 |
21647 | Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John 2337 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 78 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Large, waxy leaves used as plates, drinking cups, berry drying racks and steam pit covers. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 78 |
39005 | Suaeda arborescens 3844 | Pima 193 | r08 104 | 78 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Used to line saltbush roasting pits. | Russell, Frank, 1908, The Pima Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #26:1-390, page 78 |
485 | Acer macrophyllum Pursh 26 | Cowichan 52 | tb71 23 | 77 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Large leaves used for lining baskets, wrapping fish and placing on berry drying racks. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 77 |
5146 | Artemisia dracunculus L. 395 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 76 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Branches with leaves used as spreaders for drying salmon and to separate stored layers of salmon. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 76 |
21653 | Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John 2337 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 76 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves folded into makeshift cups. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 76 |
41510 | Ulmus rubra Muhl. 4052 | Dakota 61 | g19 17 | 76 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Log sections used to make corn mortars and pestles. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76 |
41562 | Ulmus rubra Muhl. 4052 | Omaha 177 | g19 17 | 76 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Log sections used to make corn mortars and pestles. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76 |
41570 | Ulmus rubra Muhl. 4052 | Pawnee 190 | g19 17 | 76 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Log sections used to make corn mortars and pestles. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76 |
41578 | Ulmus rubra Muhl. 4052 | Ponca 205 | g19 17 | 76 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Log sections used to make corn mortars and pestles. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76 |
41592 | Ulmus rubra Muhl. 4052 | Winnebago 280 | g19 17 | 76 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Log sections used to make corn mortars and pestles. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76 |
7198 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Dakota 61 | g19 17 | 75 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Fine, shredded bark used as household utensils. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 75 |
39521 | Taxus brevifolia Nutt. 3902 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 75 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make serving bowls for food. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 75 |
41433 | Ulmus americana L. 4051 | Dakota 61 | g19 17 | 75 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Log sections used to make corn mortars and pestles. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 75 |
41465 | Ulmus americana L. 4051 | Omaha 177 | g19 17 | 75 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Log sections used to make corn mortars and pestles. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 75 |
41471 | Ulmus americana L. 4051 | Pawnee 190 | g19 17 | 75 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Log sections used to make corn mortars and pestles. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 75 |
41479 | Ulmus americana L. 4051 | Ponca 205 | g19 17 | 75 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Log sections used to make corn mortars and pestles. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 75 |
41599 | Ulmus thomasii Sarg. 4054 | Dakota 61 | g19 17 | 75 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Log sections used to make corn mortars and pestles. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 75 |
41608 | Ulmus thomasii Sarg. 4054 | Ponca 205 | g19 17 | 75 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Log sections used to make corn mortars and pestles. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 75 |
17715 | Ilex opaca Ait. 1977 | Cherokee 32 | w47 105 | 74 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make spoons. | Witthoft, John, 1947, An Early Cherokee Ethnobotanical Note, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 37(3):73-75, page 74 |
34784 | Rubus parviflorus Nutt. 3463 | Carrier 27 | c73 134 | 74 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used to dry berries on. | Carrier Linguistic Committee, 1973, Plants of Carrier Country, Fort St. James, BC. Carrier Linguistic Committee, page 74 |
34971 | Rubus spectabilis Pursh 3470 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 74 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves spread at bottom of wooden cooking containers to prevent the hot rocks from burning the wood. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74 |
34972 | Rubus spectabilis Pursh 3470 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 74 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Sticks used to make salmon spreaders and for stringing clams for cooking and smoking. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74 |
37139 | Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Hook.) Torr. 3586 | Hopi 95 | w39 37 | 74 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Strong wood used to make stirring rods. | Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 74 |
21667 | Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John 2337 | Salish, Coast 217 | tb71 23 | 73 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used to make water dippers on camping trips. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 73 |
39004 | Suaeda arborescens 3844 | Pima 193 | r08 104 | 71 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Used to cover coals in cooking pits. | Russell, Frank, 1908, The Pima Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #26:1-390, page 71 |
40232 | Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don 3951 | Salish, Coast 217 | tb71 23 | 71 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Inner bark beaten to separate the fibers and used for threading clams. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 71 |
41056 | Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg. 4043 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 71 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Boughs used to roast fern roots. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 71 |
44424 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Iroquois 100 | w16 112 | 71 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Husks used as wrappers for boiling the double wedding corn bread package. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 71 |
35931 | Salix irrorata Anderss. 3535 | Zuni 291 | s15 6 | 70 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Eight or twelve willows trimmed at the ends, tied together & used for stirring fire toasted foods. The willows were used for stirring corn, popcorn and any other food toasted over a fire. | Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 70 |
27055 | Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P. 2935 | Carrier 27 | c73 134 | 69 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood made into drying poles and used for smoking and drying meat. | Carrier Linguistic Committee, 1973, Plants of Carrier Country, Fort St. James, BC. Carrier Linguistic Committee, page 69 |
29147 | Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl 3085 | Salish, Coast 217 | tb71 23 | 69 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Large, fleshy leaves used for laying food on and for spreading on berry drying racks. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 69 |
38814 | Stachys mexicana Benth. 3814 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 69 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Plants laid under fish to keep them clean. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 69 |
7160 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Carrier 27 | c73 134 | 67 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Inner bark made into dishes and used for processing fish, picking berries and to eat with. | Carrier Linguistic Committee, 1973, Plants of Carrier Country, Fort St. James, BC. Carrier Linguistic Committee, page 67 |
11747 | Cucurbita pepo L. 1164 | Zuni 291 | s15 6 | 67 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Gourds made into cups, ladles and dippers and put to various uses. | Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 67 |
14730 | Ferocactus cylindraceus var. cylindraceus 1607 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 67 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Body of the plant used as a cooking vessel. The top was cut off of the cactus and the interior was dug out. Water was then put into the depression and heated with hot stones. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 67 |
36218 | Salix sp. 3551 | Montana Indian 151 | h92 30 | 67 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make meat racks. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 67 |
40128 | Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don 3951 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 67 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make bowls, cooking boxes and spreading sticks to prevent dried fish from curling up. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 67 |
15630 | Gaultheria shallon Pursh 1703 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 65 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Branches, with leaves attached, layered between fishheads and fish to prevent sticking. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 65 |
15631 | Gaultheria shallon Pursh 1703 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 65 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Branches, with leaves attached, used as beaters for whipping soapberries. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 65 |
15632 | Gaultheria shallon Pursh 1703 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 65 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves, folded around like a cone, made a good drinking cup. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 65 |
32135 | Quercus garryana Dougl. ex Hook. 3265 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 65 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood made into dishes used to pound roots. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 65 |
7377 | Blechnum spicant (L.) Sm. 592 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 63 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Fronds placed below and above food in steaming pits. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 63 |
37496 | Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla 3609 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 63 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Stems sewn with cord, made into mats & used as rugs, meat platters, cradle linings & sleeping mats. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 63 |
40179 | Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don 3951 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 63 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make sticks to dry oolichans and made into barbecue racks for salmon and other fish. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 63 |
2510 | Alnus rubra Bong. 172 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 62 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used for carved dishes and canoe bailers. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 62 |
6578 | Athyrium filix-femina (L.) Roth 498 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 62 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Fronds placed in layers below and above food in steaming pits. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 62 |
12694 | Dryopteris campyloptera Clarkson 1335 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 62 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Fronds placed in layers below and above food in steaming pits. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 62 |
19424 | Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl. 2090 | Houma 96 | speck41 49 | 62 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Used for water dippers, cups and bowls. | Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 62 |
29125 | Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl 3085 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 62 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Fronds placed below and above food in steaming pits. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 62 |
11134 | Cornus sericea ssp. sericea 1102 | Shuswap 233 | palmer75 92 | 61 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Sticks used to skewer a salmon flat for proper drying. | Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 61 |
36274 | Salix sp. 3551 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 61 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Willow woven into a tray and used for winnowing seeds. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 61 |
36275 | Salix sp. 3551 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 61 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Willows used to make drinking vessels and cooking vessels. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 61 |
27599 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 60 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Pitch rubbed on stone to blacken and the stone used to make paper bread from black corn. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 60 |
11276 | Corylus cornuta var. californica (A. DC.) Sharp 1112 | Pomo 200 | m90 111 | 6 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Stems used for sieves. | Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, page 6 |
448 | Acer glabrum Torr. 23 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 59 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make screens for smoke drying racks. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59 |
449 | Acer glabrum Torr. 23 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 59 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make tongs for removing food from boiling water. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59 |
21615 | Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John 2337 | Hoh 94 | r36 77 | 59 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used to wrap red elderberries during baking. | Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 59 |
21663 | Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John 2337 | Quileute 209 | r36 77 | 59 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used to wrap red elderberries during baking. | Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 59 |
37185 | Sarracenia purpurea L. 3588 | Cree, Woodlands 58 | l85 47 | 59 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaf used by children as a toy kettle to cook meat over an open fire. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 59 |
35664 | Salix bebbiana Sarg. 3520 | Cree, Woodlands 58 | l85 47 | 58 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Stems used to make a fish roasting stick. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 58 |
35768 | Salix discolor Muhl. 3525 | Cree, Woodlands 58 | l85 47 | 58 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Stems used to make a fish roasting stick. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 58 |
35902 | Salix interior Rowlee 3534 | Cree, Woodlands 58 | l85 47 | 58 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Stems used to make a fish roasting stick. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 58 |
40447 | Toxicodendron diversilobum (Torr. & Gray) Greene 3972 | Karok 105 | b81 70 | 58 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Branches used to prop salmon filet open. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 58 |
11597 | Cucurbita foetidissima Kunth 1161 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 57 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Dried gourds used to make ladles. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 57 |
26280 | Phalaris arundinacea L. 2864 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 57 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Used to make eating mats and mats for drying roots and berries. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 57 |
40034 | Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don 3951 | Hoh 94 | r36 77 | 57 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make dishes, ladles and spoons. | Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 57 |
40202 | Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don 3951 | Quileute 209 | r36 77 | 57 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make dishes, ladles and spoons. | Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 57 |
19429 | Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl. 2090 | Keresan 108 | w45 90 | 561 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Used to make dippers. | White, Leslie A, 1945, Notes on the Ethnobotany of the Keres, Papers of the Michigan Academy of Arts, Sciences and Letters 30:557-568, page 561 |
25218 | Oxydendrum arboreum (L.) DC. 2713 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 56 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make butter paddles. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 56 |
31973 | Quercus douglasii Hook. & Arn. 3256 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 56 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to carve a ladle about a foot long. A branch with a bulge was sought and the bulge was hollowed out by burning to form the bowl. Such a utensil was used for stirring and dipping out foods. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 56 |
1961 | Alectoria sarmentosa (L.) Ach. 122 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 55 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Used for wiping salmon. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 55 |
41375 | Typha latifolia L. 4049 | Shuswap 233 | palmer75 92 | 55 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Used to make mats for bedding, drying berries and for meal times. | Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 55 |
41918 | Usnea longissima (L.) Ach. 4063 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 55 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Used for wiping salmon. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 55 |
40040 | Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don 3951 | Kutenai 120 | h92 30 | 54 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make bowls. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 54 |
621 | Acer rubrum L. 32 | Iroquois 100 | r45ii 59 | 53 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make bowls. | Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 53 |
7634 | Calamagrostis rubescens Buckl. 658 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 53 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves tied to a stick and used as a beater for whipping soapberries. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 53 |
8115 | Carex sp. 752 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 52 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Woven sedge used to make spoons. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 52 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );