uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
403 rows where use_subcategory = 33
This data as json, CSV (advanced)
id ▼ | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
21653 | Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John 2337 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 76 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves folded into makeshift cups. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 76 |
21663 | Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John 2337 | Quileute 209 | r36 77 | 59 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used to wrap red elderberries during baking. | Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 59 |
21667 | Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John 2337 | Salish, Coast 217 | tb71 23 | 73 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used to make water dippers on camping trips. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 73 |
21689 | Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John 2337 | Tolowa 266 | b81 70 | 38 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used to wrap sturgeon eggs baked in ashes. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 38 |
21692 | Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John 2337 | Tsimshian 267 | c93 14 | 320 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used as an underlay for drying berries. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 320 |
21697 | Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John 2337 | Yurok 289 | b81 70 | 38 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used to wrap sturgeon eggs baked in ashes. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 38 |
22222 | Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. 2391 | Hanaksiala 88 | c93 14 | 265 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Sticks used to retrieve special cooking stones used for cooking edible seaweed. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 265 |
22267 | Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. 2391 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 109 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make spoons. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 109 |
23194 | Monarda fistulosa L. 2504 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 115 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Dried flowerheads used by invalids for sucking broth and soup. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 115 |
23540 | Muhlenbergia rigens (Benth.) A.S. Hitchc. 2543 | Luiseno 128 | s08 24 | 204 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Long grass made into coiled, conical baskets and used as eating and drinking vessels. | Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 204 |
23541 | Muhlenbergia rigens (Benth.) A.S. Hitchc. 2543 | Luiseno 128 | s08 24 | 204 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Long grass made into nearly flat, coiled baskets and used for winnowing and cleaning seeds. | Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 204 |
23560 | Myrcianthes fragrans (Sw.) McVaugh 2556 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 468 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Plant used to make food paddles. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 468 |
23708 | Nereocystis luetkeana (Mert.) Post. & Rupr. 2576 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 261 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Tubes put into steaming pits so that water could be poured directly on hot rocks at the bottom. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 261 |
23723 | Nereocystis luetkeana (Mert.) Post. & Rupr. 2576 | Nitinaht 166 | g83 3 | 206 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Enlarged upper portion of stipes used as funnels for pouring water onto hot rocks in pit cooking. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 206 |
24005 | Nolina microcarpa S. Wats. 2590 | Apache, Mescalero 12 | b74 52 | 51 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Grass woven into trays and used for processing datil and mescal. | Basehart, Harry W., 1974, Apache Indians XII. Mescalero Apache Subsistence Patterns and Socio-Political Organization, New York. Garland Publishing Inc., page 51 |
24008 | Nolina microcarpa S. Wats. 2590 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 183 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Dried leaves fashioned into spoons. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 183 |
24013 | Nolina microcarpa S. Wats. 2590 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 212 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Lower stalks split open to form an alternative base for drying mescal. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 212 |
25218 | Oxydendrum arboreum (L.) DC. 2713 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 56 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make butter paddles. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 56 |
25494 | Parkinsonia florida (Benth. ex Gray) S. Wats. 2746 | Pima 193 | c49 11 | 90 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Large branches and trunks used to make ladles. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 90 |
25495 | Parkinsonia florida (Benth. ex Gray) S. Wats. 2746 | Pima 193 | c49 11 | 90 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Trunk and larger branches used to make ladles. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 90 |
26163 | Persea borbonia (L.) Spreng. 2837 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 507 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Plant used to make spoons. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 507 |
26175 | Petasites frigidus (L.) Fries 2840 | Eskimo, Alaska 67 | aa80 152 | 38 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves occasionally used to form make-shift funnels. | Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 38 |
26209 | Petasites frigidus var. palmatus (Ait.) Cronq. 2842 | Quinault 210 | g73 25 | 49 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used to cover berries cooking in pits. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49 |
26280 | Phalaris arundinacea L. 2864 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 57 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Used to make eating mats and mats for drying roots and berries. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 57 |
26574 | Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. 2901 | Chippewa 38 | d28 4 | 378 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Used to weave frames for drying berries. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 378 |
26631 | Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. 2901 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 142 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Stems twined together to make food drying mats similar to those of tule stems. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 142 |
26877 | Picea engelmannii Parry ex Engelm. 2933 | Thompson 259 | steed28 33 | 499 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Bark used to make utensils of all kinds. | Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 499 |
26911 | Picea glauca (Moench) Voss 2934 | Cree, Woodlands 58 | l85 47 | 48 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Split log hollowed out to make a dish to feed fish broth to puppies. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 48 |
26928 | Picea glauca (Moench) Voss 2934 | Eskimo, Inuktitut 71 | w78 64 | 188 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Roots used to make spoons, dippers and bowls. | Wilson, Michael R., 1978, Notes on Ethnobotany in Inuktitut, The Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology 8:180-196, page 188 |
26958 | Picea glauca (Moench) Voss 2934 | Koyukon 118 | n83 158 | 50 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Roots used for carving spoons and bowls. | Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 50 |
27030 | Picea glauca (Moench) Voss 2934 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 2 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Bark made into a container and used to roast waterfowl eggs. The spruce bark was cut large enough to surround the eggs, tied around the eggs and the ends plugged with moss. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 2 |
27031 | Picea glauca (Moench) Voss 2934 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 2 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Rough bark used to cut fish on, prevented the fish from slipping. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 2 |
27055 | Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P. 2935 | Carrier 27 | c73 134 | 69 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood made into drying poles and used for smoking and drying meat. | Carrier Linguistic Committee, 1973, Plants of Carrier Country, Fort St. James, BC. Carrier Linguistic Committee, page 69 |
27086 | Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P. 2935 | Eskimo, Inuktitut 71 | w78 64 | 188 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Roots used to make spoons, dippers and bowls. | Wilson, Michael R., 1978, Notes on Ethnobotany in Inuktitut, The Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology 8:180-196, page 188 |
27103 | Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P. 2935 | Koyukon 118 | n83 158 | 50 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Roots used for carving spoons and bowls. | Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 50 |
27169 | Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr. 2938 | Hahwunkwut 83 | m66 109 | 183 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Roots used to make cooking bowls, mush baskets and other small baskets. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 183 |
27285 | Picea sp. 2939 | Eskimo, Alaska 67 | aa80 152 | 34 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to build fish drying racks and legs for elevated caches. | Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 34 |
27393 | Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. 2953 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 116 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood burls scraped with a rough stone, grease applied to prevent cracking and made into a bowl. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 116 |
27431 | Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. 2953 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 296 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make fire tongs. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 296 |
27599 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 60 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Pitch rubbed on stone to blacken and the stone used to make paper bread from black corn. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 60 |
28059 | Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson 2968 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 104 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Needles supported on a framework of poles used for drying cooked berries. The needles were interspersed between layers of dried salmon or any other food being stored. They kept the food dry, but allowed air to circulate around it to prevent spoiling. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 104 |
28600 | Platanus racemosa Nutt. 3018 | Costanoan 50 | b84 16 | 249 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used to wrap bread during baking. | Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 249 |
29095 | Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl 3085 | Chehalis 31 | g73 25 | 13 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used to line pits when baking camas. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 13 |
29098 | Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl 3085 | Costanoan 50 | b84 16 | 247 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Fronds used to line earth ovens. | Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 247 |
29101 | Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl 3085 | Cowlitz 53 | g73 25 | 13 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used to line pits when baking camas or wapatoo. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 13 |
29113 | Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl 3085 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 265 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used to line steaming pits. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 265 |
29118 | Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl 3085 | Makah 133 | g83 3 | 221 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used for lining cooking pits, both above and below the foods. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 221 |
29119 | Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl 3085 | Makah 133 | g73 25 | 13 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used to line pits when steaming sprouts. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 13 |
29120 | Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl 3085 | Makah 133 | g83 3 | 221 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used to wipe salmon. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 221 |
29125 | Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl 3085 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 62 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Fronds placed below and above food in steaming pits. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 62 |
29126 | Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl 3085 | Nitinaht 166 | g83 3 | 221 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used for lining cooking pits, both above and below the foods. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 221 |
29134 | Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl 3085 | Pomo 200 | g67 80 | 11 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Fronds used as a lining for an acorn-leaching basin. | Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 11 |
29135 | Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl 3085 | Pomo 200 | g67 80 | 11 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Fronds used for lining the top and bottom of an earth oven in baking acorn bread. | Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 11 |
29136 | Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl 3085 | Pomo, Kashaya 202 | gl80 40 | 47 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Fronds used to line an earth baking oven or sand leaching basin. | Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 47 |
29140 | Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl 3085 | Quileute 209 | g73 25 | 13 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used to line pits when baking camas. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 13 |
29144 | Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl 3085 | Quinault 210 | g73 25 | 13 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used to line pits when baking rhizomes or camas. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 13 |
29147 | Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl 3085 | Salish, Coast 217 | tb71 23 | 69 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Large, fleshy leaves used for laying food on and for spreading on berry drying racks. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 69 |
29240 | Populus balsamifera L. 3095 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 4 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Soft wood used to make bowls and other items. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 4 |
29467 | Populus fremontii S. Wats. 3102 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 106 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Trunks used to make wooden mortars. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 106 |
29474 | Populus fremontii S. Wats. 3102 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 213 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make bowls and plates. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 213 |
29539 | Populus sp. 3105 | Eskimo, Inuktitut 71 | w78 64 | 186 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make carved utensils. | Wilson, Michael R., 1978, Notes on Ethnobotany in Inuktitut, The Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology 8:180-196, page 186 |
29639 | Populus tremuloides Michx. 3106 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 22 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Knots used to make wooden cups. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 22 |
30021 | Prosopis glandulosa var. torreyana (L. Benson) M.C. Johnston 3155 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 107 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Trunk used to make wooden mortars. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 107 |
30036 | Prosopis glandulosa var. torreyana (L. Benson) M.C. Johnston 3155 | Diegueno 65 | hedges86 85 | 32 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make wooden spoons and other utensils. | Hedges, Ken, 1986, Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany, San Diego Museum of Man Ethnic Technology Notes, No. 20, page 32 |
30114 | Prosopis velutina Woot. 3158 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 35 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Green sticks used to turn roasting ears of corn. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 35 |
30155 | Prosopis velutina Woot. 3158 | Pima 193 | c49 11 | 93 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Green wood used to make ladles. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 93 |
30723 | Prunus virginiana L. 3181 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 119 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Hard wood used to make roasting skewers. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 119 |
31222 | Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco 3199 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 107 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Dry wood broken & placed in a thick layer above & below the food in the cooking pit & used as fuel. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 107 |
31223 | Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco 3199 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 107 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Peeled twig bundles used as whippers for soapberries. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 107 |
31371 | Psoralidium tenuiflorum (Pursh) Rydb. 3206 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 34 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Stout stem used as a fork to eat buffalo steak. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 34 |
31445 | Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn 3214 | Clallam 41 | f80 99 | 194 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Fronds used to cover berry baskets and to wipe fish before hanging up to smoke. | Fleisher, Mark S., 1980, The Ethnobotany of the Clallam Indians of Western Washington, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 14(2):192-210, page 194 |
31521 | Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens Underwood 3216 | Karok 105 | b81 70 | 48 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used to clean eels and salmon. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 48 |
31529 | Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens Underwood 3216 | Makah 133 | g73 25 | 14 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves placed beneath fish being cleaned and used to wipe the fish. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14 |
31536 | Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens Underwood 3216 | Quileute 209 | g73 25 | 14 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves placed beneath fish being cleaned and used to wipe the fish. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14 |
31543 | Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens Underwood 3216 | Squaxin 251 | g73 25 | 14 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves placed beneath fish being cleaned and used to wipe the fish. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14 |
31545 | Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens Underwood 3216 | Swinomish 253 | g73 25 | 14 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves placed beneath fish being cleaned and used to wipe the fish. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14 |
31548 | Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens Underwood 3216 | Yurok 289 | b81 70 | 48 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Fronds used as plates to serve fish, to put over fish to keep the flies off and to clean fish. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 48 |
31876 | Quercus alba L. 3253 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 46 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used to wrap dough for bread making. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
31877 | Quercus alba L. 3253 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 46 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make corn beaters and mortars. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
31973 | Quercus douglasii Hook. & Arn. 3256 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 56 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to carve a ladle about a foot long. A branch with a bulge was sought and the bulge was hollowed out by burning to form the bowl. Such a utensil was used for stirring and dipping out foods. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 56 |
32053 | Quercus falcata Michx. 3262 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 46 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used to wrap dough for bread making. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
32054 | Quercus falcata Michx. 3262 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 46 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make corn beaters and mortars. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
32135 | Quercus garryana Dougl. ex Hook. 3265 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 65 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood made into dishes used to pound roots. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 65 |
32177 | Quercus imbricaria Michx. 3269 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 46 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used to wrap dough for bread making. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
32178 | Quercus imbricaria Michx. 3269 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 46 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make corn beaters and mortars. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
32216 | Quercus kelloggii Newberry 3270 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 146 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Branch used to make mush stirring paddles. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 146 |
32364 | Quercus rubra L. 3285 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 46 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used to wrap dough for bread making. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
32365 | Quercus rubra L. 3285 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 46 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make corn beaters and mortars. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
32418 | Quercus sp. 3289 | Apache, Mescalero 12 | b74 52 | 41 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Used to make platters and shelves for mescal cakes. | Basehart, Harry W., 1974, Apache Indians XII. Mescalero Apache Subsistence Patterns and Socio-Political Organization, New York. Garland Publishing Inc., page 41 |
32437 | Quercus sp. 3289 | Costanoan 50 | b84 16 | 248 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used for bowls and mortars. | Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 248 |
32457 | Quercus sp. 3289 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 146 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make mush stirring paddles. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 146 |
32509 | Quercus stellata Wangenh. 3290 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 46 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used to wrap dough for bread making. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
32510 | Quercus stellata Wangenh. 3290 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 46 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make corn beaters and mortars. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
32545 | Quercus velutina Lam. 3293 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 46 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used to wrap dough for bread making. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
32546 | Quercus velutina Lam. 3293 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 46 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make corn beaters and mortars. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
32748 | Ratibida columnifera (Nutt.) Woot. & Standl. 3322 | Lakota 125 | r80 108 | 39 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Plant top used as a nipple. | Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 39 |
32864 | Rhododendron maximum L. 3340 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 52 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make spoons. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 52 |
34784 | Rubus parviflorus Nutt. 3463 | Carrier 27 | c73 134 | 74 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used to dry berries on. | Carrier Linguistic Committee, 1973, Plants of Carrier Country, Fort St. James, BC. Carrier Linguistic Committee, page 74 |
34792 | Rubus parviflorus Nutt. 3463 | Hanaksiala 88 | c93 14 | 276 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves used to whip soapberries. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 276 |
34815 | Rubus parviflorus Nutt. 3463 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 264 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Leaves placed above and below seaweed in steaming pits. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 264 |
Advanced export
JSON shape: default, array, newline-delimited, object
CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );