uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
306 rows where use_subcategory = 32 sorted by notes
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id | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes ▼ | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
32465 | Quercus sp. 3289 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 40 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Acorn shells used to hold medicine and a humming bird was made to sip from each shell. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40 |
40201 | Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don 3951 | Quileute 209 | g73 25 | 19 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark cut into strips and used for storage of string dried clams and smelts. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19 |
3814 | Apocynum cannabinum L. 297 | Luiseno 128 | s08 24 | 202 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark fiber made into twine and used to make net sacks for carrying acorns and other small seeds. | Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 202 |
3815 | Apocynum cannabinum L. 297 | Luiseno 128 | s08 24 | 202 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark fibers made into twine and used to make large-meshed nets for carrying bulky or heavy articles. | Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 202 |
30336 | Prunus emarginata (Dougl. ex Hook.) D. Dietr. 3166 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 209 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark formerly used for wrapping implements. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 209 |
15330 | Fremontodendron californicum (Torr.) Coville 1663 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 32 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark made into cordage and used to make heavy load carrying nets. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 32 |
12999 | Elaeagnus commutata Bernh. ex Rydb. 1374 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 207 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark made into two-ply twine and used for twining mats, bags, capes, skirts and other clothing. The bark was peeled off in as long strips as possible in the spring or fall when it was 'kind of dry' and split with a knife (originally of stone). The grayish outer bark was removed and the inner bark scraped, cleaned and cut into desired widths. At this stage, it could be dried for future use. The long, even strands of fresh or dried inner bark, after it had been soaked, could be spun on the bare leg into a strong, two-ply twine used for many different purposes. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 207 |
36330 | Salix sp. 3551 | Thompson 259 | steed28 33 | 499 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark of dead trees used to make capes and aprons. | Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 499 |
40126 | Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don 3951 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 67 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark sheets used to make cases for storing whale harpoon heads. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 67 |
30423 | Prunus emarginata (Dougl. ex Hook.) D. Dietr. 3166 | Thompson 259 | steed28 33 | 497 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark softened and used to make bags. | Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 497 |
30389 | Prunus emarginata (Dougl. ex Hook.) D. Dietr. 3166 | Okanagon 176 | p52 55 | 40 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark split and used to make bags. | Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 40 |
30424 | Prunus emarginata (Dougl. ex Hook.) D. Dietr. 3166 | Thompson 259 | p52 55 | 40 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark split and used to make bags. | Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 40 |
35681 | Salix bebbiana Sarg. 3520 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 136 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark twisted into cord and used to make bags and dresses. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136 |
35825 | Salix exigua Nutt. 3527 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 136 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark twisted into cord and used to make bags and dresses. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136 |
36069 | Salix scouleriana Barratt ex Hook. 3547 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 136 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark twisted into cord and used to make bags and dresses. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136 |
36248 | Salix sp. 3551 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 136 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark twisted into cord and used to make bags and dresses. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136 |
5632 | Artemisia tridentata Nutt. 407 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 246 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used as a plug to keep water from spilling out of a water jug. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 246 |
18708 | Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. 2058 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 11 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used as lining in corn storage pits. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 11 |
7285 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 5 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used as lining in food storage pits. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
7286 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 5 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used as lining in storage pits. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
18709 | Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. 2058 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 11 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used as platform for sun drying roasted corn. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 11 |
39484 | Taxus brevifolia Nutt. 3902 | Karok 105 | sg52 71 | 379 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used as the covering for stone knives. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 379 |
7215 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Malecite 134 | sd52 78 | 6 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used for boxes and other containers. | Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1952, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Malecite Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 42:1-7, page 6 |
12983 | Elaeagnus commutata Bernh. ex Rydb. 1374 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 99 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used to imbricate clematis bags. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 99 |
18851 | Juniperus osteosperma (Torr.) Little 2060 | Gosiute 79 | c11 38 | 372 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used to line and cover the fruit storing pits. | Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 372 |
2570 | Alnus rubra Bong. 172 | Quinault 210 | g73 25 | 27 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used to line pots for storing elderberries. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27 |
2585 | Alnus rubra Bong. 172 | Swinomish 253 | g73 25 | 27 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used to line pots for storing elderberries. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27 |
7201 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Flathead 76 | b05 73 | 8 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used to line sacks and stiffen them into baskets. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 8 |
40039 | Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don 3951 | Kutenai 120 | h92 30 | 54 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used to make a storage trunk. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 54 |
7210 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Koyukon 118 | n83 158 | 53 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used to make baskets and food storage containers. | Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 53 |
7189 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Cree, Woodlands 58 | l85 47 | 32 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used to make baskets for food storage and berry collection. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 32 |
7223 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Micmac 141 | sd51 182 | 258 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used to make boxes, coffins and other containers. | Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258 |
27506 | Pinus contorta var. murrayana (Grev. & Balf.) Engelm. 2956 | Klamath 115 | c97 66 | 89 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used to make buckets for gathering berries. | Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 89 |
7150 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Algonquin, Tete-de-Boule 8 | ray45 113 | 119 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used to make canoes, baskets and containers. | Raymond, Marcel., 1945, Notes Ethnobotaniques Sur Les Tete-De-Boule De Manouan, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:113-134, page 119 |
7203 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Gitksan 78 | g92 166 | 154 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used to make containers and waterproof wrappings. | Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154 |
7312 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Wet'suwet'en 278 | g92 166 | 154 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used to make containers and waterproof wrappings. | Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154 |
27993 | Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson 2968 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 13 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used to make containers for sand painting pigments. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 13 |
7287 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 5 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used to make containers for storing food and picking berries. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
7190 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Cree, Woodlands 58 | l85 47 | 32 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used to make dishes to collect birch sap and fresh cambium. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 32 |
29317 | Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa (Torr. & Gray ex Hook.) Brayshaw 3097 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 134 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used to make food storage containers and to line food storage pits. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 134 |
441 | Acer glabrum Torr. 23 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 107 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used to make paint containers. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 107 |
7243 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | r28 8 | 241 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used to make small vessels, pails and trays. | Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 241 |
7089 | Betula alleghaniensis var. alleghaniensis 575 | Ojibwa 173 | r28 8 | 241 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used to make storage containers, sap dishes, rice baskets, buckets, trays and winnowing dishes. | Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 241 |
7113 | Betula lenta L. 576 | Ojibwa 173 | r28 8 | 241 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used to make storage containers, sap dishes, rice baskets, buckets, trays and winnowing dishes. | Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 241 |
7244 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | r28 8 | 241 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used to make storage containers, sap dishes, rice baskets, buckets, trays and winnowing dishes. | Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 241 |
27441 | Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. 2953 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 28 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used to make temporary, berry picking containers. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 28 |
28166 | Pinus sp. 2976 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 23 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used to make the trays for the colored powders used in the sandpaintings. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 23 |
5833 | Artemisia tripartita ssp. tripartita 409 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 82 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used to stuff into the necks of bottles to keep the water from spilling out. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 82 |
7143 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Abnaki 1 | r47 84 | 164 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used to wrap and store wood for a year. | Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 164 |
40339 | Tilia americana L. 3959 | Chippewa 38 | gil33 15 | 136 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bast made into thread for sewing, fine yarn for weaving bags and into other cordage of all sorts. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 136 |
23718 | Nereocystis luetkeana (Mert.) Post. & Rupr. 2576 | Nitinaht 166 | g83 3 | 206 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Blades used to cover fish in the boat, while at sea, to prevent the fish from drying out. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 206 |
20107 | Leymus mollis ssp. mollis 2162 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 205 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Blades used to line oolichan ripening pits. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 205 |
23711 | Nereocystis luetkeana (Mert.) Post. & Rupr. 2576 | Makah 133 | g73 25 | 50 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bottle ends used to carry fish oil and molasses. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 50 |
23737 | Nereocystis luetkeana (Mert.) Post. & Rupr. 2576 | Quileute 209 | g73 25 | 50 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bottle ends used to carry fish oil and molasses. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 50 |
23739 | Nereocystis luetkeana (Mert.) Post. & Rupr. 2576 | Quinault 210 | g73 25 | 50 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bottle ends used to carry fish oil and molasses. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 50 |
12 | Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes 1 | Hanaksiala 88 | c93 14 | 173 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Boughs used to line oolichan ripening pits. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 173 |
31241 | Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca (Beissn.) Franco 3200 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 34 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Boughs used under a freshly killed deer while butchering it. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 34 |
3274 | Anaphalis margaritacea (L.) Benth. 236 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 116 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Branches used to cover baskets filled with berries. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 116 |
36232 | Salix sp. 3551 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 38 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Branches used to make or sew water bottles. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 38 |
35826 | Salix exigua Nutt. 3527 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 136 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Branches used under fish to keep them clean. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136 |
5643 | Artemisia tridentata Nutt. 407 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 13 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bunched bark used as a stopper for the basketry water bottle. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 13 |
8148 | Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose 757 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 178 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Burls used as containers. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 178 |
44045 | Yucca elata (Engelm.) Engelm. 4228 | Pima 193 | bc41 58 | 46 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Cactus ribs bound together to form the frame for containers used to carry crops. | Bell, Willis H and Edward F. Castetter, 1941, Ethnobiological Studies in the Southwest VII. The Utilization of of Yucca, Sotol and Beargrass by the Aborigines in the American Southwest, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5(5):1-74, page 46 |
44482 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 18 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Cobs used to close up pottery jars. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 18 |
19125 | Juniperus sp. 2063 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 17 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Concave bark used to make improvised trays for the sandpainting powders. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 17 |
2537 | Alnus rubra Bong. 172 | Makah 133 | g83 3 | 243 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Cones used to store elderberries in the creeks. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 243 |
1852 | Agave sp. 96 | Hualapai 97 | w82 127 | 55 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Crushed fibers used as an ingredient in pottery making. | Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 55 |
44423 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Iroquois 100 | w16 112 | 154 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Dried husks woven into small bottles or receptacles for salt. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 154 |
8945 | Cercocarpus montanus Raf. 842 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 35 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Dried root used as a hearth for fires. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 35 |
11673 | Cucurbita moschata (Duchesne ex Lam.) Duchesne ex Poir. 1163 | Hopi 95 | w39 37 | 93 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Dried shell used by children to carry parched corn. | Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 93 |
29813 | Potamogeton diversifolius Raf. 3120 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 53 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Dried stem fibers made into strong cords and used to make carrying nets. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 53 |
44088 | Yucca glauca Nutt. 4230 | Dakota 61 | g13i 91 | 358 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Dried stems peeled and used to make a hearth. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 358 |
44089 | Yucca glauca Nutt. 4230 | Dakota 61 | g19 17 | 71 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Dried, peeled stems used to make a hearth, to contain the fire. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 71 |
23719 | Nereocystis luetkeana (Mert.) Post. & Rupr. 2576 | Nitinaht 166 | g83 3 | 206 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Enlarged upper portion of stipes dried and rinsed with fresh water and used for oil storage bottles. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 206 |
23720 | Nereocystis luetkeana (Mert.) Post. & Rupr. 2576 | Nitinaht 166 | g83 3 | 206 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Enlarged upper portion of the stipes used as molds for cosmetics. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 206 |
44046 | Yucca elata (Engelm.) Engelm. 4228 | Pima 193 | bc41 58 | 35 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Fibers made into carrying nets. | Bell, Willis H and Edward F. Castetter, 1941, Ethnobiological Studies in the Southwest VII. The Utilization of of Yucca, Sotol and Beargrass by the Aborigines in the American Southwest, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5(5):1-74, page 35 |
5806 | Artemisia tridentata Nutt. 407 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 172 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Fibrous bark used in weaving mats, bags and clothing. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 172 |
7197 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Dakota 61 | g19 17 | 75 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Fine, shredded bark used as vessels to catch sap from trees in sugar making-time. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 75 |
31487 | Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn 3214 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 18 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Fronds dipped in water and used in pit cooking to place over and under the food. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 18 |
6574 | Athyrium filix-femina (L.) Roth 498 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 263 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Fronds used as covering for fungus placed on hot stones to make a red paint. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 263 |
31449 | Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn 3214 | Costanoan 50 | b84 16 | 247 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Fronds used to line acorn-leaching pits and earth ovens. | Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 247 |
12716 | Dryopteris sp. 1342 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 149 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Fronds used to pack freshly caught salmon to prevent them from drying out. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 149 |
19449 | Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl. 2090 | Yuma 288 | cb51 125 | 115 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Fruit contents removed, shells cleaned and dried and used as water and food containers. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 115 |
11746 | Cucurbita pepo L. 1164 | Zuni 291 | s15 6 | 88 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Gourds made into receptacles for storing precious articles. | Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 88 |
7629 | Calamagrostis canadensis (Michx.) Beauv. 657 | Cree, Woodlands 58 | l85 47 | 33 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Grass used to line and cover winter storage pits for potatoes. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 33 |
3292 | Andropogon gerardii Vitman 240 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 40 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Grass used under fruit when drying. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 40 |
37554 | Scirpus sp. 3614 | Thompson 259 | steed28 33 | 497 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Grass-like herbs used extensively to weave coarse bags and nets. | Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 497 |
30722 | Prunus virginiana L. 3181 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 119 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Hard wood used to make incense tongs. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 119 |
23698 | Nereocystis luetkeana (Mert.) Post. & Rupr. 2576 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 25 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Hollow floats and upper stipes used as molds for cottonwood resin and deer fat skin 'cream.' This ointment was poured in hot and melted. After it had solidified, the kelp mold was cut open and the ball of ointment removed. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 25 |
23699 | Nereocystis luetkeana (Mert.) Post. & Rupr. 2576 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 25 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Hollow floats and upper stipes used to store oil and other liquids. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 25 |
13324 | Equisetum arvense L. 1421 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 17 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Hollow stems used to administer medicines to babies. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17 |
13395 | Equisetum hyemale L. 1422 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 17 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Hollow stems used to administer medicines to babies. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17 |
13452 | Equisetum laevigatum A. Braun 1424 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 17 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Hollow stems used to administer medicines to babies. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17 |
16907 | Heracleum maximum Bartr. 1851 | Pomo, Kashaya 202 | gl80 40 | 87 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Hollow stems used to carry water. | Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 87 |
3507 | Angelica genuflexa Nutt. 262 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 211 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Hollow stems used to collect liquid Sitka spruce pitch. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 211 |
23721 | Nereocystis luetkeana (Mert.) Post. & Rupr. 2576 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 52 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Hollow stipes used as containers for storing oil. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 52 |
44471 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 27 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Husks used as casings for blood sausage. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27 |
40156 | Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don 3951 | Okanagon 176 | p52 55 | 39 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Inner bark and stems used to make bags. | Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39 |
40272 | Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don 3951 | Thompson 259 | p52 55 | 39 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Inner bark and stems used to make bags. | Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39 |
12984 | Elaeagnus commutata Bernh. ex Rydb. 1374 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 99 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Inner bark twisted to make sacks. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 99 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );