uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
821 rows where use_subcategory = 31
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id ▼ | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
7896 | Camassia scilloides (Raf.) Cory 701 | Coeur d'Alene 47 | teit28 144 | 88 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Roots used as a principle vegetable food. | Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 88 |
7907 | Camassia sp. 702 | Haisla 86 | c93 14 | 194 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Bulbs used for food. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 194 |
7920 | Camissonia claviformis ssp. claviformis 706 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 94 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Leaves used for greens. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 94 |
7952 | Cantharellus cibarius 722 | Pomo, Kashaya 202 | gl80 40 | 128 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Baked on hot stones or fried with onions. | Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 128 |
7955 | Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. 723 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 47 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Tops cooked alone or with meat and used as greens. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 47 |
7957 | Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. 723 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 51 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Leaves used for greens. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 51 |
7959 | Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. 723 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 54 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Leaves cooked and eaten as greens. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 54 |
7975 | Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. 723 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 194 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Leaves soaked in water overnight and eaten raw or cooked as a green vegetable. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 194 |
8019 | Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood 730 | Cherokee 32 | perry75 86 | 37 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Leaves & stems parboiled, rinsed, added to hot grease, salt & water & boiled until soft as potherbs. | Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 37 |
8020 | Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood 730 | Cherokee 32 | perry75 86 | 37 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Leaves used in salads. | Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 37 |
8048 | Cardamine maxima (Nutt.) Wood 732 | Menominee 138 | s23 51 | 65 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Roots fermented for four or five days to sweeten and cooked with corn. | Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 65 |
8050 | Cardamine maxima (Nutt.) Wood 732 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 399 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Favored wild potatoes cooked with corn and deer meat or beans and deer meat. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 399 |
8052 | Carduus sp. 733 | Luiseno 128 | s08 24 | 228 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Plant used as greens. | Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 228 |
8551 | Caulanthus coulteri S. Wats. 803 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 17 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Leaves gathered in early spring before the flowers appear, boiled, salted, fried in grease & eaten. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 17 |
9256 | Chamerion angustifolium ssp. angustifolium 882 | Alaska Native 4 | h53 132 | 31 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Young shoots mixed with other greens and eaten. | Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 31 |
9260 | Chamerion angustifolium ssp. angustifolium 882 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 207 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Young shoots eaten as greens in spring. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 207 |
9280 | Chamerion angustifolium ssp. angustifolium 882 | Eskimo, Inupiat 72 | j83 54 | 23 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Pink stems with leaves boiled and eaten or steamed and served with cream sauce or cheese sauce. | Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska. Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 23 |
9281 | Chamerion angustifolium ssp. angustifolium 882 | Eskimo, Inupiat 72 | j83 54 | 23 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Violet stems, with dark purple leaves, used in salads. | Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska. Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 23 |
9335 | Chamerion latifolium (L.) Holub 884 | Alaska Native 4 | h53 132 | 33 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Young, tender greens, properly prepared, used as a good source of vitamin C and pro-vitamin A. | Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 33 |
9336 | Chamerion latifolium (L.) Holub 884 | Eskimo, Arctic 68 | p53 171 | 25 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Flowers eaten raw as a salad. | Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 25 |
9337 | Chamerion latifolium (L.) Holub 884 | Eskimo, Arctic 68 | p53 171 | 25 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Leaves cooked and eaten. | Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 25 |
9338 | Chamerion latifolium (L.) Holub 884 | Eskimo, Greenland 70 | p53 171 | 25 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Flowers and leaves eaten raw with seal blubber. | Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 25 |
9367 | Chelone sp. 893 | Cherokee 32 | perry75 86 | 55 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Leaves and stems parboiled, rinsed and cooked in grease until tender. | Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 55 |
9370 | Chenopodium album L. 894 | Alaska Native 4 | h53 132 | 21 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Young, tender leaves and stems cooked in a small amount of boiling water and eaten. | Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 21 |
9371 | Chenopodium album L. 894 | Apache 10 | c35 19 | 16 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Young plants cooked as greens. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 16 |
9377 | Chenopodium album L. 894 | Cherokee 32 | perry75 86 | 32 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Leaves mixed with other leaves and used for greens. | Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 32 |
9378 | Chenopodium album L. 894 | Cherokee 32 | perry75 86 | 32 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Leaves mixed with other leaves, parboiled and cooked in grease until tender. | Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 32 |
9383 | Chenopodium album L. 894 | Diegueno 65 | hedges86 85 | 17 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Leaves cooked and eaten as greens. | Hedges, Ken, 1986, Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany, San Diego Museum of Man Ethnic Technology Notes, No. 20, page 17 |
9387 | Chenopodium album L. 894 | Eskimo, Inupiat 72 | j83 54 | 64 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Leaves and stems eaten raw or cooked as hot greens with beans. | Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska. Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 64 |
9395 | Chenopodium album L. 894 | Iroquois 100 | w16 112 | 117 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Cooked and seasoned with salt, pepper or butter. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 117 |
9396 | Chenopodium album L. 894 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 19 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Upper leaves boiled, 'rinsed' in cold water and fried in grease and salt. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 19 |
9397 | Chenopodium album L. 894 | Lakota 125 | r80 108 | 43 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Used as cooked greens. | Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 43 |
9398 | Chenopodium album L. 894 | Luiseno 128 | s08 24 | 233 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Leaves used as greens. | Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 233 |
9400 | Chenopodium album L. 894 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 346 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Young leaves boiled and eaten as greens. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 346 |
9403 | Chenopodium album L. 894 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 159 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Boiled greens used for food. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 159 |
9406 | Chenopodium album L. 894 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 9 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Young plant used as a potherb. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 9 |
9410 | Chenopodium album L. 894 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 43 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Young, tender plants eaten raw, boiled as herbs alone or with other foods. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 43 |
9416 | Chenopodium album L. 894 | Ojibwa 173 | r28 8 | 240 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Leaves eaten as greens. | Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 240 |
9417 | Chenopodium album L. 894 | Ojibwa 173 | ahj81 135 | 2209 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Young plant cooked as greens. | Arnason, Thor, Richard J. Hebda and Timothy Johns, 1981, Use of Plants for Food and Medicine by Native Peoples of Eastern Canada, Canadian Journal of Botany 59(11):2189-2325, page 2209 |
9428 | Chenopodium album L. 894 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 98 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Leaves used as a relish food for salads and spring greens. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 98 |
9429 | Chenopodium album L. 894 | Pueblo 207 | c35 19 | 16 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Young plants cooked as greens. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 16 |
9430 | Chenopodium album L. 894 | Shuswap 233 | palmer75 92 | 61 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Leaves boiled with butter, salt and pepper and used for greens. | Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 61 |
9431 | Chenopodium album L. 894 | Spanish American 249 | c35 19 | 16 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Young plants cooked as greens. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 16 |
9432 | Chenopodium album L. 894 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 203 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Boiled leaves eaten as greens. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 203 |
9433 | Chenopodium album L. 894 | Zuni 291 | c35 19 | 16 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Young plants cooked as greens. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 16 |
9466 | Chenopodium californicum (S. Wats.) S. Wats. 897 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 52 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Boiled shoots and leaves eaten as greens. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 52 |
9477 | Chenopodium capitatum (L.) Ambrosi 898 | Alaska Native 4 | h53 132 | 23 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Young, tender leaves used in raw salad mixture or cooked like garden spinach. | Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 23 |
9488 | Chenopodium fremontii S. Wats. 899 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 52 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Boiled shoots and leaves eaten as greens. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 52 |
9489 | Chenopodium fremontii S. Wats. 899 | Cocopa 44 | cb51 125 | 202 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Young shoots boiled as greens. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 202 |
9493 | Chenopodium fremontii S. Wats. 899 | Hopi 95 | c74 82 | 300 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Leaves cooked alone as greens or boiled and eaten with a number of other foods. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 300 |
9496 | Chenopodium fremontii S. Wats. 899 | Mohave 147 | cb51 125 | 202 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Young shoots boiled as greens. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 202 |
9507 | Chenopodium humile Hook. 901 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 52 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Boiled shoots and leaves eaten as greens. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 52 |
9511 | Chenopodium incanum (S. Wats.) Heller 902 | Hopi 95 | w39 37 | 73 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Young, tender leaves cooked and eaten as greens. | Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 73 |
9516 | Chenopodium leptophyllum (Moq.) Nutt. ex S. Wats. 903 | Apache 10 | c35 19 | 16 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Young plants cooked as greens. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 16 |
9523 | Chenopodium leptophyllum (Moq.) Nutt. ex S. Wats. 903 | Pueblo 207 | c35 19 | 16 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Young plants cooked as greens. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 16 |
9524 | Chenopodium leptophyllum (Moq.) Nutt. ex S. Wats. 903 | Spanish American 249 | c35 19 | 16 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Young plants cooked as greens. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 16 |
9528 | Chenopodium leptophyllum (Moq.) Nutt. ex S. Wats. 903 | Zuni 291 | c35 19 | 16 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Young plants cooked as greens. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 16 |
9529 | Chenopodium murale L. 904 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 52 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Boiled shoots and leaves eaten as greens. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 52 |
9530 | Chenopodium murale L. 904 | Mohave 147 | cb51 125 | 202 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Young shoots boiled as greens. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 202 |
9532 | Chenopodium murale L. 904 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 14 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Stalks eaten as greens in the summer. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 14 |
9553 | Chenopodium sp. 910 | Isleta 101 | j31 76 | 25 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Leaves used as greens. | Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 25 |
9554 | Chenopodium sp. 910 | Keresan 108 | w45 90 | 560 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Leaves used for greens. | White, Leslie A, 1945, Notes on the Ethnobotany of the Keres, Papers of the Michigan Academy of Arts, Sciences and Letters 30:557-568, page 560 |
9561 | Chenopodium sp. 910 | Papago 188 | cb42 160 | 61 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Greens used for food. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 61 |
9562 | Chenopodium sp. 910 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 14 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Leaves eaten as greens in mid summer. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 14 |
9563 | Chenopodium sp. 910 | Pima 193 | c49 11 | 70 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Leaves boiled, salted, strained, fried in grease and eaten as greens. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 70 |
9564 | Chenopodium sp. 910 | Yaqui 283 | c49 11 | 70 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Leaves eaten as greens. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 70 |
9566 | Chenopodium sp. 910 | Yavapai 284 | g36 48 | 256 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Leaves and stems boiled for greens. | Gifford, E. W., 1936, Northeastern and Western Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 34:247-345, page 256 |
9701 | Chlorogalum pomeridianum (DC.) Kunth 922 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 54 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Young, spring shoots used as a potherb. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 54 |
9945 | Cirsium edule Nutt. 958 | Hoh 94 | r36 77 | 69 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Young shoots eaten as greens. | Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 69 |
9947 | Cirsium edule Nutt. 958 | Quileute 209 | r36 77 | 69 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Young shoots eaten as greens. | Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 69 |
10018 | Cirsium undulatum (Nutt.) Spreng. 973 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 10 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Early spring roots eaten raw or cooked with meat. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 10 |
10019 | Cirsium undulatum (Nutt.) Spreng. 973 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 10 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Young, summer stalks eaten like asparagus and greens. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 10 |
10077 | Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus 979 | Iroquois 100 | w16 112 | 113 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Flesh boiled, baked in ashes or boiled, mashed with butter and sugar and eaten. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113 |
10078 | Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus 979 | Iroquois 100 | w16 112 | 113 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Flesh fried and sweetened or seasoned with salt, pepper and butter. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113 |
10117 | Clarkia purpurea ssp. viminea (Dougl. ex Hook.) H.F. & M.E. Lewis 994 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 137 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Seeds considered one of the most prized vegetable foods. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 137 |
10125 | Claytonia exigua Torr. & Gray 1000 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 89 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Leaves eaten fresh or boiled as greens. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 89 |
10126 | Claytonia lanceolata Pall. ex Pursh 1001 | Blackfoot 23 | m09 42 | 278 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Tubers boiled and eaten. | McClintock, Walter, 1909, Medizinal- Und Nutzpflanzen Der Schwarzfuss Indianer, Zeitschriff fur Ethnologie 41:273-9, page 278 |
10145 | Claytonia perfoliata Donn ex Willd. 1005 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 21 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Leaves eaten as greens. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 21 |
10147 | Claytonia perfoliata Donn ex Willd. 1005 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 346 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Plants cooked with salt and pepper and eaten as greens. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 346 |
10148 | Claytonia perfoliata Donn ex Willd. 1005 | Neeshenam 160 | p74 81 | 377 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Leaves eaten as greens. | Powers, Stephen, 1874, Aboriginal Botany, Proceedings of the California Academy of Science 5:373-9., page 377 |
10153 | Claytonia perfoliata ssp. perfoliata 1006 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 89 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Leaves eaten fresh or boiled as greens. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 89 |
10154 | Claytonia perfoliata ssp. perfoliata 1006 | Diegueno 65 | hedges86 85 | 17 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Young leaves, picked in the spring before the flowers appear, boiled once and eaten as greens. | Hedges, Ken, 1986, Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany, San Diego Museum of Man Ethnic Technology Notes, No. 20, page 17 |
10155 | Claytonia perfoliata ssp. perfoliata 1006 | Luiseno 128 | s08 24 | 232 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Plant used for greens or eaten raw. | Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 232 |
10159 | Claytonia perfoliata ssp. perfoliata 1006 | Paiute, Northern 185 | f89 50 | 49 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Leaves eaten raw. | Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 49 |
10161 | Claytonia sibirica L. 1007 | Alaska Native 4 | h53 132 | 25 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Leaves added raw to mixed salads or cooked as a green vegetable. | Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 25 |
10178 | Claytonia sp. 1009 | Coeur d'Alene 47 | teit28 144 | 89 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Roots used as a principle vegetable food. | Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 89 |
10184 | Claytonia tuberosa Pallas ex J.A. Schultes 1010 | Alaska Native 4 | h53 132 | 117 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Basal leaves added to other greens and eaten raw or cooked. | Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 117 |
10185 | Claytonia tuberosa Pallas ex J.A. Schultes 1010 | Alaska Native 4 | h53 132 | 117 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Corms roasted and used for food. | Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 117 |
10186 | Claytonia tuberosa Pallas ex J.A. Schultes 1010 | Eskimo, Arctic 68 | p53 171 | 31 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Tubers boiled and eaten. | Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 31 |
10188 | Claytonia virginica L. 1012 | Algonquin, Quebec 7 | b80 67 | 84 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Corm cooked and eaten like potatoes. | Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 84 |
10292 | Cleome multicaulis DC. 1025 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 51 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Leaves used for greens. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 51 |
10295 | Cleome serrulata Pursh 1026 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 192 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Leaves and whole, young plants used as greens. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 192 |
10300 | Cleome serrulata Pursh 1026 | Hopi 95 | c35 19 | 24 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Plants boiled and eaten like spinach. This plant was so important economically that it was listed in songs with corn, pumpkins and cotton, the three main cultivated plants. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 24 |
10304 | Cleome serrulata Pursh 1026 | Isleta 101 | j31 76 | 26 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Leaves used as greens. | Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 26 |
10306 | Cleome serrulata Pursh 1026 | Jemez 102 | c30 28 | 26 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Young and tender plants eaten as greens. | Cook, Sarah Louise, 1930, The Ethnobotany of Jemez Indians., University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 26 |
10308 | Cleome serrulata Pursh 1026 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 37 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Leaves and shoots used for food as greens. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 37 |
10310 | Cleome serrulata Pursh 1026 | Keresan 108 | w45 90 | 559 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Leaves cooked as greens. | White, Leslie A, 1945, Notes on the Ethnobotany of the Keres, Papers of the Michigan Academy of Arts, Sciences and Letters 30:557-568, page 559 |
10323 | Cleome serrulata Pursh 1026 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 50 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Leaves boiled like spinach. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 50 |
10324 | Cleome serrulata Pursh 1026 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 50 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Young plants boiled and rolled into balls and eaten. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 50 |
10325 | Cleome serrulata Pursh 1026 | Navajo 157 | c35 19 | 24 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Young plants boiled with a pinch of salt and eaten as greens. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 24 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );