uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
753 rows where use_subcategory = 30 sorted by pageno
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id | species | tribe | source | pageno ▼ | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
18500 | Juniperus communis L. 2054 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 18 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Used in the sweathouse during the winter. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 18 |
44481 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 18 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Pollen used in all ceremonials and also for personal ceremonies. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 18 |
40968 | Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg. 4043 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 180 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Boughs used among several botanical materials in ritual purification practices. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 180 |
26926 | Picea glauca (Moench) Voss 2934 | Eskimo, Inuktitut 71 | w78 64 | 188 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Roots used to make headgear and masks. | Wilson, Michael R., 1978, Notes on Ethnobotany in Inuktitut, The Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology 8:180-196, page 188 |
27084 | Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P. 2935 | Eskimo, Inuktitut 71 | w78 64 | 188 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Roots used to make headgear and masks. | Wilson, Michael R., 1978, Notes on Ethnobotany in Inuktitut, The Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology 8:180-196, page 188 |
18681 | Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. 2058 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 19 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Wood used to make prayersticks. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 19 |
18774 | Juniperus occidentalis Hook. 2059 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 19 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Branchlets, with needles, used to make prayersticks of the west. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 19 |
18775 | Juniperus occidentalis Hook. 2059 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 19 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Wood used to make the wand for the War Dance. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 19 |
29376 | Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh. 3098 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 19 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Used to make smoke sticks for the peyote ceremony. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 19 |
40078 | Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don 3951 | Lummi 129 | g73 25 | 19 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Singed limbs used as brooms to sweep off the walls of a house after removal of a corpse. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19 |
40246 | Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don 3951 | Skagit 241 | g73 25 | 19 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Limbs burned at night and waved through the houses after a death to scare off the ghosts. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19 |
5433 | Artemisia ludoviciana ssp. ludoviciana 401 | Cheyenne 33 | g72 39 | 190 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Plant used for many ceremonial purposes. On ceremonial occasions it is spread about the borders of a lodge in a special way. Other uses are to wipe off ceremonial paint; or to purify, by wiping off, with a bundle of the sage, the body of one who has committed some fault--violated some tabu. It is used by Contraries to wipe off the ground in a lodge where a Contrary had been seated. The dried leaves are burned on the coal to make a smoke used in purifying implements or utensils used in ceremony; or to smoke, and so purify, the body of an individual. This is to drive away bad spirits, and particularly to drive away a bad or ominous dream had by a sick person, which dream may remain in the mind of the person and trouble him. It may be mixed with 'motsinists' (Lomatium dissectum var. multifidum)--a small pinch of each in about the same quantity--for the same purpose. The patient who is being smoked sits over the coal on which the sage is being sprinkled, with a blanket over the body and the coal in order to confine the smoke. | Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 190 |
15360 | Fritillaria camschatcensis (L.) Ker-Gawl. 1668 | Hanaksiala 88 | c93 14 | 196 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Flowers used on costumes for the New Year 'flower dance.' | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 196 |
4985 | Artemisia californica Less. 387 | Luiseno 128 | s08 24 | 199 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Plant and white sage used to build a ceremonial hunting fire before hunting. The hunters stood around the fire and in its smoke before hunting because they believed that the fire and smoke would absolve them of any breach of social observances they might have committed which would otherwise have brought them bad luck. | Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 199 |
251 | Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt. 6 | Cheyenne 33 | h92 30 | 2 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Used by Sundancers for confidence and protection from thunder and for purification. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 2 |
252 | Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt. 6 | Cheyenne 33 | h92 30 | 2 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Used to drive away ill spirits or to revive spirits of the dying. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 2 |
280 | Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt. 6 | Nez Perce 162 | h92 30 | 2 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Branches used to drive away ghosts and bad spirits. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 2 |
15311 | Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh. 1660 | Sioux 238 | h92 30 | 20 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Wood used as a part of sacred poles. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 20 |
17206 | Hierochloe odorata (L.) Beauv. 1896 | Blackfoot 23 | j87 146 | 20 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Used in the Sun Dance ceremony and burned on a small altar found in many lodges. | Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 20 |
19171 | Juniperus virginiana L. 2064 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 20 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Wood used to make the wand carried in the War Dance Ceremony. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 20 |
27132 | Picea pungens Engelm. 2936 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 20 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Branches used for the Chant of the Sun's House. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 20 |
35388 | Rumex hymenosepalus Torr. 3487 | Navajo, Kayenta 158 | wh51 106 | 20 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Pollen sprinkled on ceremonial equipment. | Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 20 |
40148 | Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don 3951 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 20 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Boughs used in church on Palm Sunday. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 20 |
40149 | Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don 3951 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 20 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Infusion of cedar, fir & rose branches of equal size used as bathing water for sweathouse ritual. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 20 |
42689 | Veratrum viride Ait. 4105 | Hanaksiala 88 | c93 14 | 201 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Plant used for ceremonial purification. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 201 |
42690 | Veratrum viride Ait. 4105 | Hanaksiala 88 | c93 14 | 201 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Plant used for preparation for shamanistic activities, dancing, hunting and fishing. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 201 |
31158 | Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco 3199 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 206 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Branches used ceremonially. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 206 |
12195 | Datura wrightii Regel 1244 | Luiseno 128 | s08 24 | 207 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Roots pounded in a mortar and used at boys' puberty ceremonies. | Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 207 |
467 | Acer glabrum var. douglasii (Hook.) Dippel 24 | Haisla 86 | c93 14 | 209 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Wood made into rattles and used by shamans. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 209 |
469 | Acer glabrum var. douglasii (Hook.) Dippel 24 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 209 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Wood used to make frontispieces for chief's masks. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 209 |
472 | Acer glabrum var. douglasii (Hook.) Dippel 24 | Hanaksiala 88 | c93 14 | 209 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Wood used to make the skulls for the shamanistic costumes. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 209 |
5272 | Artemisia frigida Willd. 397 | Hopi 95 | f96 72 | 21 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Sprig attached to the prayer emblem and regarded as efficacious in petitions for water. | Fewkes, J. Walter, 1896, A Contribution to Ethnobotany, American Anthropologist 9:14-21, page 21 |
8104 | Carex sp. 752 | Jemez 102 | c30 28 | 21 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Plant considered sacred and used in the kiva. | Cook, Sarah Louise, 1930, The Ethnobotany of Jemez Indians., University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 21 |
11080 | Cornus sericea ssp. sericea 1102 | Montana Indian 151 | h92 30 | 21 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Ribbons of inner bark roasted, mixed with tobacco and used for ceremonial or religious pipe smoking. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 21 |
27300 | Picea sp. 2939 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 21 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Used to make hoops, dresses, collars, bows and arrows for many different ceremonies. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21 |
27627 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 21 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Branches used to make the circle of branches for the Mountain Chant. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21 |
27628 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 21 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Bunches of needles carried in each hand by dancers on the last night of the Mountain Chant. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21 |
27629 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 21 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Pitch smeared on burier's body before burying person & on forehead & under the eyes during mourning. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21 |
27630 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 21 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Sapling, stripped of its branches, carried by the Talking God on the fourth day of the Night Chant. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21 |
27631 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 21 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Tree used for ceremonial purposes. On the ninth day of the Night Chant, The Slayer of Alien Gods and The Child of the Water deposit their cigarettes in the shade of a tree, preferably a pinon, while The Shooting Divinity lays hers on the ground in a cluster of snakeweed. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21 |
27632 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 21 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Wood charcoal used to make the best black for sandpaintings. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21 |
27633 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 21 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Wood used to make ceremonial pokers and wands. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21 |
32868 | Rhododendron occidentale (Torr. & Gray ex Torr.) Gray 3341 | Pomo, Kashaya 202 | gl80 40 | 21 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Flowers used in dance wreathes at the Strawberry Festival. | Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 21 |
43904 | Yucca baccata Torr. 4225 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 21 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Leaves stuck into snowballs, mixed with red clay and used to stop the snow and rain. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 21 |
43905 | Yucca baccata Torr. 4225 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 21 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Leaves used to make ceremonial drumstick. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 21 |
24471 | Oplopanax horridus Miq. 2640 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 217 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Bark used for ritual purification. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 217 |
8077 | Carex nebrascensis Dewey 745 | Blackfoot 23 | j87 146 | 22 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Leaves tied around the horn of the sacred buffalo skull used in ceremonials. | Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 22 |
12054 | Dasiphora floribunda (Pursh) Kartesz 1234 | Jemez 102 | c30 28 | 22 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Yellow flowers used for the summer dances. | Cook, Sarah Louise, 1930, The Ethnobotany of Jemez Indians., University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 22 |
14805 | Forestiera pubescens var. pubescens 1626 | Jemez 102 | c30 28 | 22 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Berry juice mixed with white clay and used as purple body paint for summer dances. | Cook, Sarah Louise, 1930, The Ethnobotany of Jemez Indians., University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 22 |
19541 | Larix occidentalis Nutt. 2100 | Kutenai 120 | h92 30 | 22 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Used for the center pole of the religious Sundance. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 22 |
29638 | Populus tremuloides Michx. 3106 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 22 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Stem used to make Evilway hoop. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 22 |
29686 | Populus ?acuminata Rydb. (pro sp.) [angustifolia ? deltoides] 3090 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 22 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Root used to make snake figurines. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 22 |
32091 | Quercus gambelii Nutt. 3263 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 22 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Wood used to make ceremonial bullroarers. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 22 |
35821 | Salix exigua Nutt. 3527 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 22 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Stem used to make Lightningway hoop. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 22 |
35973 | Salix lucida ssp. lasiandra (Benth.) E. Murr. 3539 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 22 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Stem used to make Lightningway hoop. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 22 |
38877 | Stenocereus thurberi (Engelm.) Buxbaum 3823 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 22 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Pulp boiled with water, strained, boiled again and used as a ceremonial drink. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 22 |
2504 | Alnus rubra Bong. 172 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 224 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Bark dyed red and used for ritual applications. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 224 |
40087 | Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don 3951 | Makah 133 | g83 3 | 228 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Wood used to make totem poles. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 228 |
8649 | Ceanothus griseus (Trel. ex B.L. Robins.) McMinn 811 | Pomo, Kashaya 202 | gl80 40 | 23 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Flowers used in dance wreathes at the Strawberry Festival. | Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 23 |
8686 | Ceanothus thyrsiflorus Eschsch. 818 | Pomo, Kashaya 202 | gl80 40 | 23 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Flowers used in dance wreathes at the Strawberry Festival. | Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 23 |
11015 | Cornus sericea ssp. sericea 1102 | Cheyenne 33 | h81 57 | 23 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Plant smoked ceremonially. | Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 23 |
21741 | Maclura pomifera (Raf.) Schneid. 2355 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 23 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Wood used as the favorite material for the staff held by singer in the peyote ceremony. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 23 |
21995 | Mahonia repens (Lindl.) G. Don 2376 | Navajo, Kayenta 158 | wh51 106 | 23 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Sprinkled on grass where lightning struck near livestock. | Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 23 |
27714 | Pinus flexilis James 2961 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 23 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Wood used to make the small bow and arrow used in the Witch and Shooting Chants. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 23 |
28164 | Pinus sp. 2976 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 23 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Gum mixed with gypsum and used as a white paste on the 'spirits of the fire' in the Fire Dance. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 23 |
28165 | Pinus sp. 2976 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 23 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Wood used to make the bull roarer for some ceremonies. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 23 |
31285 | Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii 3201 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 23 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Branches used in the Shooting Chant. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 23 |
27236 | Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr. 2938 | Nitinaht 166 | g83 3 | 234 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Branches used ceremonially to initiate the children. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 234 |
351 | Abronia fragrans Nutt. ex Hook. 10 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 24 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Flowers made into ceremonial necklaces. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 24 |
551 | Acer negundo L. 27 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 24 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Twigs made into prayer sticks. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 24 |
5339 | Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt. 399 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 24 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Packed into ceremonial moccasins for storage. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24 |
5340 | Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt. 399 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 24 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Used as a bed for the Buffalo Stones (Iniskim) during buffalo drive rituals. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24 |
5341 | Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt. 399 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 24 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Used as the Holy Offering of the All Smoking ceremony and for certain Horn Society rituals. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24 |
5343 | Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt. 399 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 24 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Used to cleanse the body during participation in the All Smoking Ceremony. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24 |
5344 | Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt. 399 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 24 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Used to cleanse the headdresses of the Horn Society before transferring to new owners. In the transferral, the headdress was laid on a bed of man sage. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24 |
5345 | Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt. 399 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 24 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Used to cleanse the singers of the All Smoking ceremony. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24 |
5346 | Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt. 399 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 24 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Used to wipe the black paint off the one man who fasted until the Okan center pole was raised. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24 |
5347 | Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt. 399 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 24 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Used to wipe the sweat from their bodies during the sweat lodge ceremonies. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24 |
5348 | Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt. 399 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 24 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Worn around wrists and ankles by the Lodge dancers in the Okan (Holy Lodge) of the Sun dance. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24 |
5510 | Artemisia sp. 404 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 24 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Plant used in ceremonial contexts. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 24 |
5943 | Arundo donax L. 420 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 24 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Reed made into a whistle and attached to the collar of a otter skin for the Night Chant. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 24 |
5944 | Arundo donax L. 420 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 24 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Reed used to make prayersticks. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 24 |
5945 | Arundo donax L. 420 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 24 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Reed, with tassels, used in the special pouch required for every chant. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 24 |
7454 | Bouteloua sp. 611 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 24 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Plant used in ceremonial contexts. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 24 |
12542 | Dimorphocarpa wislizeni (Engelm.) Rollins 1303 | Navajo, Kayenta 158 | wh51 106 | 24 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Mixed with paint and used on prayersticks or ceremonial figurines of water animals. | Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 24 |
16358 | Gutierrezia sp. 1787 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 24 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Plant used in ceremonial contexts. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 24 |
18646 | Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. 2058 | Jemez 102 | c30 28 | 24 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Ornamental branches and twigs used as decorations in nearly all of the dances. | Cook, Sarah Louise, 1930, The Ethnobotany of Jemez Indians., University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 24 |
41274 | Typha latifolia L. 4049 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 24 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Leaves used to make ceremonial necklaces and wristbands for the Male Shooting Chant. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 24 |
41275 | Typha latifolia L. 4049 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 24 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Pollen used in the ceremonies. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 24 |
7088 | Betula alleghaniensis var. alleghaniensis 575 | Ojibwa 173 | r28 8 | 241 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Bark placed on the coffins when burying the dead. | Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 241 |
7112 | Betula lenta L. 576 | Ojibwa 173 | r28 8 | 241 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Bark placed on the coffins when burying the dead. | Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 241 |
7242 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | r28 8 | 241 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Bark placed on the coffins when burying the dead. | Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 241 |
18560 | Juniperus communis var. montana Ait. 2055 | Ojibwa 173 | r28 8 | 245 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Split strips thatched and placed on graves. | Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 245 |
18607 | Juniperus horizontalis Moench 2057 | Ojibwa 173 | r28 8 | 245 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Split strips thatched and placed on graves. | Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 245 |
19178 | Juniperus virginiana L. 2064 | Ojibwa 173 | r28 8 | 245 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Split strips thatched and placed on graves. | Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 245 |
41710 | Urtica dioica L. 4058 | Makah 133 | g83 3 | 246 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Used in rituals for whaling and fishing. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 246 |
6965 | Bambusa sp. 551 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 25 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Stems made into whistles and used in certain ceremonies. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 25 |
7440 | Bouteloua gracilis (Willd. ex Kunth) Lag. ex Griffiths 608 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 25 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Tied to the end of the wand carried by the girl in the Squaw Dance. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 25 |
14722 | Fendlera rupicola Gray 1605 | Navajo, Kayenta 158 | wh51 106 | 25 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Boiled with juniper berries, pinon buds and corn meal and used in mush-eating ceremonies. | Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 25 |
18547 | Juniperus communis var. montana Ait. 2055 | Gitksan 78 | ga88 165 | 25 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Boughs burned as a fumigant to purify dwellings. | Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, page 25 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );