uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
690 rows where use_subcategory = 27
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id ▼ | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
13926 | Eriodictyon trichocalyx Heller 1491 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 71 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Fresh or dried leaves boiled into tea. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 71 |
13974 | Eriogonum baileyi S. Wats. 1498 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 29 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Seeds pounded into a meal, mixed with water and used as a beverage. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 29 |
14079 | Eriogonum microthecum Nutt. 1518 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 217 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Used to make tea. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 217 |
14118 | Eriogonum roseum Dur. & Hilg. 1528 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 30 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Seeds pounded into a meal, mixed with water and used as a beverage. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 30 |
14184 | Eriogonum umbellatum var. majus Hook. 1535 | Blackfoot 23 | j87 146 | 33 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves boiled to make tea. | Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 33 |
14187 | Eriogonum wrightii Torr. ex Benth. 1536 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 30 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Seeds pounded into a meal, mixed with water and used as a beverage. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 30 |
14674 | Fagus grandifolia Ehrh. 1603 | Iroquois 100 | p10 107 | 99 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Fresh nut meats crushed, boiled and liquid used as a drink. | Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 99 |
14723 | Ferocactus coulteri 1606 | Seri 229 | d44 29 | 136 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Plant provided drinking water. | Dawson, E. Yale, 1944, Some Ethnobotanical Notes on the Seri Indians, Desert Plant Life 9:133-138, page 136 |
14724 | Ferocactus cylindraceus var. cylindraceus 1607 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 67 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Plant used to obtain water. The barrel cactus provided a desert reservoir, one which had long been familiar to many desert travelers at times of emergency. To obtain water, the top of the cactus was sliced off, a portion of the pulp was removed to create a depression and then the pulp was squeezed by hand in the depression until water was released from the spongy mass. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 67 |
14731 | Ferocactus cylindraceus var. lecontei (Engelm.) H. Bravo 1608 | Pima 193 | c49 11 | 55 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Juice extracted from pulp and used to quench thirst. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 55 |
14738 | Ferocactus wislizeni (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose 1610 | Apache, San Carlos 13 | h08 174 | 257 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Juice used for extreme thirst. | Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 257 |
14740 | Ferocactus wislizeni (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose 1610 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 17 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Plant tops pounded and the juice used as a drink. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 17 |
14742 | Ferocactus wislizeni (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose 1610 | Pima 193 | c49 11 | 55 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Juice extracted from pulp and used to quench thirst. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 55 |
14748 | Ferocactus wislizeni (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose 1610 | Seri 229 | d44 29 | 136 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Plant provided drinking water. | Dawson, E. Yale, 1944, Some Ethnobotanical Notes on the Seri Indians, Desert Plant Life 9:133-138, page 136 |
14763 | Ficus carica L. 1617 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 66 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Plant used to make a drink. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 66 |
14816 | Fouquieria splendens Engelm. 1630 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 74 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Fresh blossoms soaked in water and used to make a summer drink. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 74 |
14852 | Fragaria chiloensis (L.) P. Mill. 1632 | Salish, Coast 217 | tb71 23 | 86 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves dried and used to make tea. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 86 |
14904 | Fragaria vesca L. 1636 | Salish, Coast 217 | tb71 23 | 86 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves dried and used to make tea. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 86 |
14922 | Fragaria vesca ssp. americana (Porter) Staudt 1637 | Winnebago 280 | g19 17 | 84 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Young leaves used to make a tea like beverage. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84 |
14927 | Fragaria vesca ssp. bracteata (Heller) Staudt 1638 | Cowlitz 53 | g73 25 | 36 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves used for a beverage. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 36 |
14963 | Fragaria virginiana Duchesne 1640 | Blackfoot 23 | j87 146 | 38 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves used to make tea. | Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 38 |
15021 | Fragaria virginiana Duchesne 1640 | Salish, Coast 217 | tb71 23 | 86 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves dried and used to make tea. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 86 |
15031 | Fragaria virginiana Duchesne 1640 | Winnebago 280 | g19 17 | 84 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Young leaves used to make a tea like beverage. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84 |
15560 | Gaultheria hispidula (L.) Muhl. ex Bigelow 1699 | Chippewa 38 | d28 4 | 317 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves used to make a beverage. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 317 |
15569 | Gaultheria procumbens L. 1702 | Abnaki 1 | r47 84 | 171 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves used to make tea. | Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 171 |
15570 | Gaultheria procumbens L. 1702 | Abnaki 1 | r47 84 | 152 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Used to make tea. | Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 152 |
15575 | Gaultheria procumbens L. 1702 | Algonquin, Quebec 7 | b80 67 | 116 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Used to make tea and medicinal tea. | Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 116 |
15585 | Gaultheria procumbens L. 1702 | Cherokee 32 | perry75 86 | 38 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves used to make tea. | Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 38 |
15592 | Gaultheria procumbens L. 1702 | Chippewa 38 | d28 4 | 317 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves used to make a beverage. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 317 |
15593 | Gaultheria procumbens L. 1702 | Chippewa 38 | gil33 15 | 138 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves used to make a pleasant, tea like beverage. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 138 |
15615 | Gaultheria procumbens L. 1702 | Ojibwa 173 | j35 170 | 17 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves used to make tea. | Jenness, Diamond, 1935, The Ojibwa Indians of Parry Island, Their Social and Religious Life, National Museums of Canada Bulletin #78, Anthropological Series #17, page 17 |
15616 | Gaultheria procumbens L. 1702 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 400 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Young, tender leaves used as a beverage tea and rheumatic medicine. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 400 |
15642 | Gaultheria shallon Pursh 1703 | Makah 133 | g83 3 | 299 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves used as a remedy for thirst. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 299 |
15952 | Geum triflorum Pursh 1738 | Thompson 259 | steed28 33 | 493 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Roots boiled and drunk as tea. | Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 493 |
15997 | Gleditsia triacanthos L. 1752 | Cherokee 32 | perry75 86 | 45 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Pod juice, water and sugar or pods soaked in water used as a beverage. | Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 45 |
15998 | Gleditsia triacanthos L. 1752 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 43 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Seed pulp used to make a drink. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 43 |
16371 | Gymnocladus dioicus (L.) K. Koch 1791 | Meskwaki 139 | smith28 21 | 260 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Roasted, ground seeds boiled to make coffee. | Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 260 |
16414 | Hamamelis virginiana L. 1799 | Cherokee 32 | perry75 86 | 44 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves and twigs used to make tea. | Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 44 |
16456 | Hedeoma nana (Torr.) Briq. 1805 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 53 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves and young stems boiled to make a non-intoxicating beverage. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 53 |
16506 | Hedysarum alpinum L. 1809 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 14 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Fried roots, with or without grease, used to make tea. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 14 |
17375 | Holodiscus dumosus (Nutt. ex Hook.) Heller 1905 | Isleta 101 | j31 76 | 32 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves steeped to make a beverage. | Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 32 |
17492 | Hydrangea arborescens L. 1926 | Cherokee 32 | perry75 86 | 54 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Peeled branches and twigs boiled to make tea. | Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 54 |
17581 | Hymenopappus filifolius var. pauciflorus (I.M. Johnston) B.L. Turner 1945 | Hopi 95 | c74 82 | 326 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Used to make tea and coffee. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 326 |
17585 | Hymenopappus sp. 1947 | Isleta 101 | j31 76 | 32 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves and stems used to make a beverage. | Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 32 |
17586 | Hymenopappus sp. 1947 | Isleta 101 | j31 76 | 32 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Plant kept well in storage and used to make a beverage in all seasons. | Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 32 |
17587 | Hymenopappus sp. 1947 | Jemez 102 | c30 28 | 24 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Little bundles of plant steeped into tea. | Cook, Sarah Louise, 1930, The Ethnobotany of Jemez Indians., University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 24 |
17595 | Hymenoxys cooperi (Gray) Cockerell 1950 | Hopi 95 | c74 82 | 329 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Used to make tea. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 329 |
17721 | Ilex sp. 1978 | Comanche 48 | cj40 147 | 522 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves used to make a beverage. | Carlson, Gustav G. and Volney H. Jones, 1940, Some Notes on Uses of Plants by the Comanche Indians, Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters 25:517-542, page 522 |
17917 | Ipomopsis aggregata ssp. aggregata 1996 | Hopi 95 | c74 82 | 321 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Boiled for a drink. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 321 |
18054 | Iris setosa Pallas ex Link 2012 | Eskimo, Alaska 67 | a39 167 | 715 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Roasted, ground seeds used for coffee. | Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715 |
18154 | Jacquemontia ovalifolia ssp. sandwicensis (Gray) Robertson 2024 | Hawaiian 90 | a22 68 | 73 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Dried leaves and stems used to make tea. | Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 73 |
18204 | Juglans cinerea L. 2031 | Iroquois 100 | p10 107 | 99 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Fresh nut meats crushed, boiled and liquid used as a drink. | Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 99 |
18241 | Juglans major (Torr.) Heller 2033 | Yavapai 284 | g32 201 | 209 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Decoction of pulverized nut juice dipped up and sucked. | Gifford, E. W., 1932, The Southeastern Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 29:177-252, page 209 |
18242 | Juglans major (Torr.) Heller 2033 | Yavapai 284 | g36 48 | 256 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Meat pulverized in mescal syrup and used as a beverage. | Gifford, E. W., 1936, Northeastern and Western Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 34:247-345, page 256 |
18285 | Juglans nigra L. 2034 | Iroquois 100 | p10 107 | 99 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Fresh nut meats crushed, boiled and liquid used as a drink. | Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 99 |
18339 | Juncus balticus Willd. 2038 | Paiute, Northern 185 | f89 50 | 53 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Stems used to make a fermented drink. | Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 53 |
18428 | Juniperus communis L. 2054 | Anticosti 9 | r46 150 | 64 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Fruits, branches, potatoes, yeast and water boiled into a drink. | Rousseau, Jacques, 1946, Notes Sur L'ethnobotanique D'anticosti, Archives de Folklore 1:60-71, page 64 |
18537 | Juniperus communis L. 2054 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 92 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Small pieces of branches used to make a tea like beverage. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 92 |
18548 | Juniperus communis var. montana Ait. 2055 | Jemez 102 | c30 28 | 24 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves boiled into a beverage similar to coffee. | Cook, Sarah Louise, 1930, The Ethnobotany of Jemez Indians., University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 24 |
18578 | Juniperus deppeana Steud. 2056 | Yavapai 284 | g36 48 | 257 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Ground berries made into a meal, water added and used as a beverage. | Gifford, E. W., 1936, Northeastern and Western Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 34:247-345, page 257 |
18579 | Juniperus deppeana Steud. 2056 | Yavapai 284 | g32 201 | 212 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Pulverized berries soaked in water, put in mouth and juice sucked, the solid matter spat out. | Gifford, E. W., 1932, The Southeastern Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 29:177-252, page 212 |
18605 | Juniperus horizontalis Moench 2057 | Ojibwa 173 | j35 170 | 17 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves used to make tea. | Jenness, Diamond, 1935, The Ojibwa Indians of Parry Island, Their Social and Religious Life, National Museums of Canada Bulletin #78, Anthropological Series #17, page 17 |
18855 | Juniperus osteosperma (Torr.) Little 2060 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 206 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Dried berries used to make a drink. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 206 |
18927 | Juniperus osteosperma (Torr.) Little 2060 | Yavapai 284 | g36 48 | 257 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Ground berries made into a meal, water added and used as a beverage. | Gifford, E. W., 1936, Northeastern and Western Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 34:247-345, page 257 |
19010 | Juniperus scopulorum Sarg. 2062 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 19 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Berries made into a drink and taken in the sweathouse. This drink could only be taken with great caution, because the berries were believed to be poisonous. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 19 |
19074 | Juniperus sp. 2063 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 187 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Berries soaked, pounded with yucca fruit, mixed with water and drained to make a drink. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 187 |
19165 | Juniperus virginiana L. 2064 | Lakota 125 | k90 156 | 30 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Berries eaten to relieve thirst. | Kraft, Shelly Katheren, 1990, Recent Changes in the Ethnobotany of Standing Rock Indian Reservation, University of North Dakota, M.A. Thesis, page 30 |
19276 | Kalmia microphylla (Hook.) Heller 2072 | Hanaksiala 88 | c93 14 | 241 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves used to make tea. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 241 |
19277 | Kalmia microphylla (Hook.) Heller 2072 | Hanaksiala 88 | c93 14 | 241 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves used to make tea. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 241 |
19488 | Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch 2099 | Anticosti 9 | r46 150 | 63 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Branches and needles used to make tea. | Rousseau, Jacques, 1946, Notes Sur L'ethnobotanique D'anticosti, Archives de Folklore 1:60-71, page 63 |
19701 | Lathyrus japonicus var. maritimus (L.) Kartesz & Gandhi 2108 | Eskimo, Alaska 67 | a39 167 | 715 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Roasted seeds used to make coffee. | Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715 |
19756 | Ledum glandulosum Nutt. 2124 | Tolowa 266 | b81 70 | 34 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves simmered to make tea. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 34 |
19757 | Ledum glandulosum Nutt. 2124 | Yurok 289 | b81 70 | 34 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves simmered to make a most prized tea. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 34 |
19760 | Ledum groenlandicum Oeder 2125 | Alaska Native 4 | h53 132 | 35 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Strongly, aromatic leaves used to make tea. | Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 35 |
19765 | Ledum groenlandicum Oeder 2125 | Algonquin, Quebec 7 | b80 67 | 116 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves used to make tea and medicinal tea. | Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 116 |
19767 | Ledum groenlandicum Oeder 2125 | Anticosti 9 | r46 150 | 68 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Used to make tea. | Rousseau, Jacques, 1946, Notes Sur L'ethnobotanique D'anticosti, Archives de Folklore 1:60-71, page 68 |
19770 | Ledum groenlandicum Oeder 2125 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 205 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves boiled and used as a beverage. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 205 |
19773 | Ledum groenlandicum Oeder 2125 | Chippewa 38 | d28 4 | 317 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves used to make a beverage. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 317 |
19777 | Ledum groenlandicum Oeder 2125 | Cree 54 | b41 145 | 484 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Used to make tea. | Beardsley, Gretchen, 1941, Notes on Cree Medicines, Based on Collections Made by I. Cowie in 1892., Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters 28:483-496, page 484 |
19794 | Ledum groenlandicum Oeder 2125 | Cree, Woodlands 58 | l85 47 | 42 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Plant, with flower tops removed, used to make a tea. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 42 |
19795 | Ledum groenlandicum Oeder 2125 | Eskimo, Arctic 68 | p53 171 | 31 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves dried and used as a substitute for tea. | Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 31 |
19800 | Ledum groenlandicum Oeder 2125 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 241 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves used to make tea. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 241 |
19801 | Ledum groenlandicum Oeder 2125 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 65 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Toasted, dried leaves brewed or steeped to make tea. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 65 |
19805 | Ledum groenlandicum Oeder 2125 | Kitasoo 112 | c93 14 | 333 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves used to make a beverage. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 333 |
19807 | Ledum groenlandicum Oeder 2125 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 293 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves used to make a hot, refreshing drink. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 293 |
19808 | Ledum groenlandicum Oeder 2125 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 283 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves used to make tea. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 283 |
19813 | Ledum groenlandicum Oeder 2125 | Makah 133 | g73 25 | 43 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves steeped and drunk as a beverage tea. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43 |
19814 | Ledum groenlandicum Oeder 2125 | Makah 133 | g83 3 | 301 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves used to make a beverage tea. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 301 |
19816 | Ledum groenlandicum Oeder 2125 | Malecite 134 | sd52 78 | 6 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Used to make tea. | Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1952, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Malecite Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 42:1-7, page 6 |
19823 | Ledum groenlandicum Oeder 2125 | Micmac 141 | sd51 182 | 258 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Used to make a beverage. | Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258 |
19832 | Ledum groenlandicum Oeder 2125 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 106 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Fresh or dried plant used to make a hot tea beverage. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 106 |
19834 | Ledum groenlandicum Oeder 2125 | Ojibwa 173 | j35 170 | 17 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves used to make tea. | Jenness, Diamond, 1935, The Ojibwa Indians of Parry Island, Their Social and Religious Life, National Museums of Canada Bulletin #78, Anthropological Series #17, page 17 |
19835 | Ledum groenlandicum Oeder 2125 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 401 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Tender leaves used for beverage tea, a well known tea, and sometimes eaten with the tea. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 401 |
19837 | Ledum groenlandicum Oeder 2125 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 102 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves and twigs used to make tea. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 102 |
19840 | Ledum groenlandicum Oeder 2125 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 96 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves used to make tea. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 96 |
19843 | Ledum groenlandicum Oeder 2125 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 120 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves used to make a beverage and also used as a brown dye material. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 120 |
19844 | Ledum groenlandicum Oeder 2125 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 99 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves used to make a beverage. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 99 |
19846 | Ledum groenlandicum Oeder 2125 | Saanich 215 | tb71 23 | 83 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Fresh or dried leaves made into tea. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 83 |
19848 | Ledum groenlandicum Oeder 2125 | Salish, Coast 217 | tb71 23 | 83 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Fresh or dried leaves made into tea. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 83 |
19851 | Ledum groenlandicum Oeder 2125 | Shuswap 233 | palmer75 92 | 62 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Dried leaves mixed with tea or mint. | Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 62 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );