uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
327 rows where use_subcategory = 24 sorted by source descending
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id | species | tribe | source ▲ | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
8833 | Cephalanthus occidentalis L. 832 | Comanche 48 | cj40 147 | 521 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Wood used to make game sticks. | Carlson, Gustav G. and Volney H. Jones, 1940, Some Notes on Uses of Plants by the Comanche Indians, Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters 25:517-542, page 521 |
37119 | Sapindus saponaria var. drummondii (Hook. & Arn.) L. Benson 3584 | Comanche 48 | cj40 147 | 524 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Stems used to make arrows for aratsi game. | Carlson, Gustav G. and Volney H. Jones, 1940, Some Notes on Uses of Plants by the Comanche Indians, Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters 25:517-542, page 524 |
11008 | Cornus sericea ssp. sericea 1102 | Blackfoot 23 | j87 146 | 49 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Bark used to cover a circle of split beaver teeth and used as a gambling wheel. | Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 49 |
13469 | Equisetum laevigatum A. Braun 1424 | Ute 272 | c09 142 | 34 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Used by children as whistles. | Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1909, Some Plant Names of the Ute Indians, American Anthropologist 11:27-40, page 34 |
12005 | Dalea enneandra Nutt. 1219 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 32 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Erect, slender stems made into small arrows, with a thorn in the end, used for games. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 32 |
12006 | Dalea enneandra Nutt. 1219 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 33 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Erect, slender stems made into small arrows, with a thorn in the end, used for games. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 33 |
32624 | Quincula lobata (Torr.) Raf. 3297 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 50 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Bladdery envelope blown up by children and busted on the forehead. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 50 |
32625 | Quincula lobata (Torr.) Raf. 3297 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 50 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Bladdery envelope blown up by children and busted on the forehead. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 50 |
38233 | Smilax rotundifolia L. 3713 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 18 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Plant used in an old hide and seek game. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 18 |
38594 | Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. 3766 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 16 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Stems and leaves used by children to make grass whistles. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 16 |
38595 | Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. 3766 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 16 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Stems and leaves used by children to make grass whistles. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 16 |
41422 | Typha sp. 4050 | Hualapai 97 | w82 127 | 18 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Used to make the hoop for a game. | Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 18 |
35579 | Sagittaria latifolia Willd. 3510 | Cocopa 44 | cb51 125 | 207 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Tubers used in gambling games. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 207 |
17395 | Hordeum jubatum L. 1908 | Iroquois 100 | r45i 116 | 106 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Used by children to place in the sleeves of playmates as a joke. | Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De L'ile Aux Coudres, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:75-111, page 106 |
36617 | Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli 3565 | Yokut 286 | m66 109 | 436 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Hollow wood used for pop guns. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 436 |
36618 | Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli 3565 | Yokut 286 | m66 109 | 436 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Split branches used for making bows for small children. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 436 |
2984 | Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer 204 | Lakota 125 | r80 108 | 56 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Stems made into hoops with leather covers to use in a game. | Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 56 |
7437 | Bouteloua gracilis (Willd. ex Kunth) Lag. ex Griffiths 608 | Lakota 125 | r80 108 | 29 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Most plants have two spikes: for sport, people would hunt for those with three. | Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 29 |
16973 | Hesperostipa spartea (Trin.) Barkworth 1858 | Lakota 125 | r80 108 | 31 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Grass heads used in mischievous games in which boys throw a bunch at people to stick them. | Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 31 |
38138 | Sium suave Walt. 3703 | Lakota 125 | r80 108 | 33 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Stems used by children for whistles. | Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 33 |
39135 | Symphoricarpos occidentalis Hook. 3854 | Lakota 125 | r80 108 | 43 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Stems made into arrows used to shoot at dogs in play. | Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 43 |
3512 | Angelica genuflexa Nutt. 262 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 91 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Leafstalks used in children's games. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 91 |
16876 | Heracleum maximum Bartr. 1851 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 91 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Swollen leaf sheaths and small, unexpanded leaves used in children's games. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 91 |
17336 | Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim. 1904 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 117 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Wood used to make practice bows for children. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 117 |
19985 | Lessoniopsis littoralis (Farlow & Setchell) Reinke 2152 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 51 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Flattish, hardened stipes used for 'beach hockey.' | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 51 |
22963 | Menziesia ferruginea Sm. 2463 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 107 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Forked branches used by children to make sling shots. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 107 |
29127 | Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl 3085 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 62 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Fronds used in games. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 62 |
29804 | Postelsia palmaeformis Ruprecht 3118 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 54 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Tough, rubbery holdfasts carved into 'beach hockey' balls. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 54 |
35001 | Rubus spectabilis Pursh 3470 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 124 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Stems used to make children's practice bows. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 124 |
36895 | Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa 3569 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 100 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Used to make children's whistles and 'pea shooters.' | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 100 |
39068 | Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake 3849 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 102 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Berries rubbed on the face during a game called 'lehal.' | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 102 |
29096 | Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl 3085 | Clallam 41 | f80 99 | 194 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Leaves used in a children's game. | Fleisher, Mark S., 1980, The Ethnobotany of the Clallam Indians of Western Washington, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 14(2):192-210, page 194 |
13487 | Equisetum sp. 1428 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 37 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Stalk sections used by children to make whistles. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 37 |
13994 | Eriogonum elatum Dougl. ex Benth. 1504 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 68 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Stems used in game similar to wishbone pulling. When the plant has matured and the stems are dry and brittle, the stout, long-branched flowering stems of this plant are used to play a game. Two children fashion a hook for themselves from the branching portion of the stem. These hooks are interlocked, and the participants pull on them until one of the hooks is broken. The person with the unbroken hook is considered to be the winner. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 68 |
18821 | Juniperus occidentalis Hook. 2059 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 47 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Leaves stuffed into buckskin and used as a ball in a game like lacrosse or hockey. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 47 |
29133 | Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl 3085 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 36 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Kids played with it as a feather. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 36 |
39081 | Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake 3849 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 112 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Sticks marked and used in a dice game. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 112 |
29658 | Populus tremuloides Michx. 3106 | Shuswap 233 | palmer75 92 | 68 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Branches used by boys to make whistles. | Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 68 |
26688 | Physalis lanceolata Michx. 2915 | Dakota 61 | g13i 91 | 362 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Large calyx of plant inflated by children in play & popped by striking it on the forehead or hand. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 362 |
30254 | Prunus americana Marsh. 3160 | Dakota 61 | g13i 91 | 364 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Seeds used to make playing pieces of a game similar to dice. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 364 |
37367 | Schoenoplectus acutus var. acutus 3603 | Dakota 61 | g13i 91 | 359 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Long stems made into a ball and used as an instrument in children's games. The long stems were made into a ball by bending over the base of several together and the remaining length braided together to form a swinging handle. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 359 |
19430 | Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl. 2090 | Keresan 108 | w45 90 | 561 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Used to make rattles. | White, Leslie A, 1945, Notes on the Ethnobotany of the Keres, Papers of the Michigan Academy of Arts, Sciences and Letters 30:557-568, page 561 |
36550 | Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli 3565 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 388 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Pithless wood used to make 'squirt guns' and whistles. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 388 |
27711 | Pinus elliottii Engelm. 2960 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 480 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Plant used to make ball poles. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 480 |
32335 | Quercus phellos L. 3281 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 471 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Plant used to make ballsticks. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 471 |
35547 | Sabal palmetto (Walt.) Lodd. ex J.A. & J.H. Schultes 3503 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 506 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Plant used to make ballsticks. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 506 |
35752 | Salix caroliniana Michx. 3523 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 492 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Plant used to make ballsticks. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 492 |
36769 | Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli 3566 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 505 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Plant used to make toy blowguns. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 505 |
37758 | Serenoa repens (Bartr.) Small 3655 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 504 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Plant used to make dolls. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 504 |
39431 | Taxodium ascendens Brongn. 3899 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 471 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Plant used to make ball poles, spoon ballsticks and dolls. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 471 |
36684 | Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli 3566 | Diegueno 65 | hedges86 85 | 41 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Berries crushed by children when playing 'soda pop.' | Hedges, Ken, 1986, Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany, San Diego Museum of Man Ethnic Technology Notes, No. 20, page 41 |
36114 | Salix sp. 3551 | Abnaki 1 | r47 84 | 166 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Used to make baskets and whistles. | Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 166 |
12534 | Dimorphocarpa wislizeni (Engelm.) Rollins 1303 | Hopi 95 | c74 82 | 311 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Plant, a powerful irritant, placed in armpit as a practical joke. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 311 |
18636 | Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. 2058 | Hopi 95 | c74 82 | 330 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Berries used in rattles. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 330 |
18752 | Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. 2058 | Tewa 257 | c74 82 | 330 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Berries used in rattles. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 330 |
29554 | Populus sp. 3105 | Hopi 95 | c74 82 | 346 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Roots carved into kachina dolls for children. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 346 |
509 | Acer macrophyllum Pursh 26 | Pomo 200 | g67 80 | 14 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Wood used to make dice for a gambling game. | Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 14 |
5940 | Arundinaria sp. 419 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 29 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Four pieces of hollow cane used as implements in the winter game of bish-i. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 29 |
11609 | Cucurbita foetidissima Kunth 1161 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 40 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Ripe gourds used as children's rattles. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 40 |
19428 | Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl. 2090 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 51 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Gourds made into rattles. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 51 |
26858 | Picea engelmannii Parry ex Engelm. 2933 | Hoh 94 | r36 77 | 59 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Timber used to make toys. | Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 59 |
26867 | Picea engelmannii Parry ex Engelm. 2933 | Quileute 209 | r36 77 | 59 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Timber used to make toys. | Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 59 |
27198 | Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr. 2938 | Hoh 94 | r36 77 | 59 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Timber used to make toys. | Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 59 |
27259 | Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr. 2938 | Quileute 209 | r36 77 | 59 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Timber used to make toys. | Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 59 |
39479 | Taxus brevifolia Nutt. 3902 | Hoh 94 | r36 77 | 57 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Wood used to make game disks. | Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 57 |
39537 | Taxus brevifolia Nutt. 3902 | Quileute 209 | r36 77 | 57 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Wood used to make game disks. | Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 57 |
7134 | Betula occidentalis Hook. 579 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 39 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Branch used for the pole in the 'hoop and pole' game. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 39 |
8955 | Cercocarpus montanus Raf. 842 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 53 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Wood used to make dice and the sweathouse for ceremonies. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 53 |
19129 | Juniperus sp. 2063 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 17 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Wood used to make dice. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 17 |
28169 | Pinus sp. 2976 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 23 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Wood used to make the ball for the game, shinny. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 23 |
29563 | Populus sp. 3105 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 37 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Wood used to make clubs for the moccasin game. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 37 |
29564 | Populus sp. 3105 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 37 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Wood used to make dice. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 37 |
31660 | Purshia stansburiana (Torr.) Henrickson 3230 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 53 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Softened bark used to stuff baseballs. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 53 |
32470 | Quercus sp. 3289 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 40 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Stick curved in hot ashes to make a 'j' shaped stick or bat for shinny and other games. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40 |
32471 | Quercus sp. 3289 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 40 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Sticks kicked out of the ground while playing 'football.' | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40 |
37163 | Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Hook.) Torr. 3586 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 44 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Wood used to make dice. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 44 |
44039 | Yucca elata (Engelm.) Engelm. 4228 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 33 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Used to make the 102 counting sticks for the moccasin game. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 33 |
44142 | Yucca glauca Nutt. 4230 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 33 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Used to make the 102 counting sticks for the moccasin game. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 33 |
44259 | Yucca sp. 4236 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 34 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Fiber used to make a ring for a game similar to 'ring toss.' | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34 |
44260 | Yucca sp. 4236 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 34 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Leaves made into a ball and used to play 'shooting the yucca.' 'Shooting the yucca' was a Navajo game played with a ball made of bark and wound with yucca leaves which had been previously placed in hot ashes to make them flexible. A stick of scrub oak was attached to this by a yucca cord, to give momentum to the light ball. The ball was thrown into the air and the archers discharged their arrows at it as soon as it was drawn downward by the weight of the stick. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34 |
8523 | Castilleja parviflora Bong. 794 | Karok 105 | sg52 71 | 389 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Flowers used by children as pretend woodpecker scalps, a form of money or wealth. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 389 |
10176 | Claytonia sibirica var. sibirica 1008 | Karok 105 | sg52 71 | 383 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Fresh flowers used by children to play a game. Each of the two players held a stem in his hand and tried to hook his flower around his opponent's flower. When the flowers were engaged, the players pulled and the one whose flower head came off lost. It was done over and over and a score was kept. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383 |
14091 | Eriogonum nudum Dougl. ex Benth. 1520 | Karok 105 | sg52 71 | 383 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Stems used by children to play a game by hooking each other's plant. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383 |
14099 | Eriogonum nudum var. oblongifolium S. Wats. 1521 | Karok 105 | sg52 71 | 383 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Stems used by children to play a game by hooking each other's plant. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383 |
16449 | Hastingsia alba (Dur.) S. Wats. 1801 | Karok 105 | sg52 71 | 380 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Leaves put over the teeth to make a snapping sound for amusement. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 380 |
16998 | Heteromeles arbutifolia var. arbutifolia 1861 | Karok 105 | sg52 71 | 385 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Leaves thrown into the fire by children to hear them crack like firecrackers. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 385 |
17314 | Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim. 1904 | Karok 105 | sg52 71 | 384 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Shoots used to make 'Indian cards.' A set of little sticks was prepared by scraping ten inch lengths of shoot clean of bark. All the sticks were straight and one was marked with a black mark. The dealer took the set of sticks in his hands, shuffled the sticks, sang and held his hands behind his back. He tried to prevent his opponents from guessing where the black marked stick was. If the dealer kept the other side from guessing where the ace was for ten times, he won. This was a gambling game. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 384 |
29106 | Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl 3085 | Karok 105 | sg52 71 | 378 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Fronds used in a game played by adults of both sexes to see who had the longest wind. Beginning at the bottom of the frond, the player touched each leaflet, first on one side of the stem and then the other and said 'tiip' each time he touched a leaflet. Whoever went the farthest up the frond won. There was no gambling on this game. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 378 |
41631 | Umbellularia californica (Hook. & Arn.) Nutt. 4056 | Karok 105 | sg52 71 | 383 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Leaves thrown into the fire by children to hear them crack like firecrackers. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383 |
43303 | Viola sempervirens Greene 4164 | Karok 105 | sg52 71 | 386 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Flowers used by children during play. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 386 |
464 | Acer glabrum Torr. 23 | Yurok 289 | b81 70 | 15 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Fruit used to play with. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 15 |
9072 | Chamaecyparis lawsoniana (A. Murr.) Parl. 859 | Yurok 289 | b81 70 | 23 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Fruits used by children to throw at each other. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 23 |
10142 | Claytonia parviflora Dougl. ex Hook. 1004 | Karok 105 | b81 70 | 24 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Shoot used to play a game. The stem was stripped of it's outer layers leaving only the terminal leaf or inflorescence hanging loosely on a flexible strand. Opponents held firmly to the base of the strand and attempted to hook the opponents leaf or inflorescence. After engaging, the opponents pulled and the opponent who retained his leaf or inflorescence won. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 24 |
10152 | Claytonia perfoliata Donn ex Willd. 1005 | Yurok 289 | b81 70 | 25 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Shoot used to play a game. The stem was stripped of it's outer layers leaving only the terminal leaf or inflorescence hanging loosely on a flexible strand. Opponents held firmly to the base of the strand and attempted to hook the opponents leaf or inflorescence. After engaging, the opponents pulled and the opponent who retained his leaf or inflorescence won. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 25 |
22409 | Marah oreganus (Torr. ex S. Wats.) T.J. Howell 2415 | Yurok 289 | b81 70 | 39 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Fruit tossed by children at one another in play. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 39 |
22410 | Marah oreganus (Torr. ex S. Wats.) T.J. Howell 2415 | Yurok 289 | b81 70 | 39 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Fruit used by children to construct representations of animals by inserting twigs. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 39 |
26778 | Physocarpus capitatus (Pursh) Kuntze 2927 | Tolowa 266 | b81 70 | 43 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Seeds squeezed and popped. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 43 |
36802 | Sambucus racemosa L. 3567 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 261 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Stems hollowed and used as blowguns by children. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 261 |
26623 | Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. 2901 | Tewa 257 | rhf16 61 | 66 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Plant used to make game sticks for the canute game. | Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 66 |
44527 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Tewa 257 | rhf16 61 | 78 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Cobs used to make feathered darts and to stuff kick balls. | Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 78 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );