uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
327 rows where use_subcategory = 24 sorted by use_subcategory
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id | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory ▼ | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
454 | Acer glabrum Torr. 23 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 59 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Wood used to make a child's first bow. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59 |
464 | Acer glabrum Torr. 23 | Yurok 289 | b81 70 | 15 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Fruit used to play with. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 15 |
488 | Acer macrophyllum Pursh 26 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 60 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | White wood used to make rattles. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 60 |
509 | Acer macrophyllum Pursh 26 | Pomo 200 | g67 80 | 14 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Wood used to make dice for a gambling game. | Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 14 |
510 | Acer macrophyllum Pursh 26 | Pomo, Kashaya 202 | gl80 40 | 70 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Branches used to make staves for a dice type gambling game. | Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 70 |
576 | Acer nigrum Michx. f. 30 | Ojibwa 173 | r28 8 | 234 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Root used to make the bowl for the dice bowl game. | Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 234 |
595 | Acer pensylvanicum L. 31 | Ojibwa 173 | r28 8 | 234 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Root used to make the bowl for the dice bowl game. | Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 234 |
658 | Acer saccharinum L. 34 | Ojibwa 173 | r28 8 | 234 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Root used to make the bowl for the dice bowl game. | Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 234 |
723 | Acer spicatum Lam. 37 | Ojibwa 173 | r28 8 | 234 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Root used to make the bowl for the dice bowl game. | Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 234 |
2279 | Allium stellatum Nutt. ex Ker-Gawl. 161 | Chippewa 38 | d28 4 | 377 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Used as toys. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 377 |
2864 | Ambrosia chamissonis (Less.) Greene 200 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 62 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Children played with stems that exuded a blood-colored juice; looked like they had been injured. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 62 |
2927 | Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer 204 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 107 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Berries used in an harvesting game. Favors were asked while presenting a gift of four of the berries. The receiver was obliged to return the goodwill. Girls played a game while harvesting the berries. After some berries had been gathered the girls would sit together and hold their breath while another called out 'tops, tops, tops' at a regular beat. Each girl put a berry in her bag for every call and the one who held her breath the longest won all the other girls' berries. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 107 |
2955 | Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer 204 | Dakota 61 | g19 17 | 116 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Plant used to make popgun pistons. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 116 |
2984 | Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer 204 | Lakota 125 | r80 108 | 56 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Stems made into hoops with leather covers to use in a game. | Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 56 |
3021 | Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer 204 | Omaha 177 | g19 17 | 116 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Plant used to make popgun pistons. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 116 |
3022 | Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer 204 | Pawnee 190 | g19 17 | 116 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Plant used to make popgun pistons. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 116 |
3026 | Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer 204 | Ponca 205 | g19 17 | 116 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Plant used to make popgun pistons. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 116 |
3062 | Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer 204 | Winnebago 280 | g19 17 | 116 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Plant used to make popgun pistons. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 116 |
3086 | Amelanchier alnifolia var. semiintegrifolia (Hook.) C.L. Hitchc. 207 | Snohomish 245 | g73 25 | 38 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Wood used to make discs for gambling games. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
3304 | Andropogon gerardii Vitman 240 | Omaha 177 | g19 17 | 68 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Stiff, jointed stems used by little boys to make arrows for toy bows. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 68 |
3306 | Andropogon gerardii Vitman 240 | Ponca 205 | g19 17 | 68 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Stiff, jointed stems used by little boys to make arrows for toy bows. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 68 |
3511 | Angelica genuflexa Nutt. 262 | Hanaksiala 88 | c93 14 | 211 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Hollow stems used to make whistles. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 211 |
3512 | Angelica genuflexa Nutt. 262 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 91 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Leafstalks used in children's games. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 91 |
3884 | Apocynum ?floribundum Greene (pro sp.) [androsaemifolium ? cannabinum] 295 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 236 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Milky substance used by children to rub on playmates' faces and stick their eyelids together. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 236 |
3885 | Apocynum ?floribundum Greene (pro sp.) [androsaemifolium ? cannabinum] 295 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 236 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Vines, with leaves removed, twisted into a rope and used by children in play. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 236 |
4221 | Arbutus menziesii Pursh 322 | Pomo, Kashaya 202 | gl80 40 | 67 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Leaves used for paper dolls for the younger children to play with. | Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 67 |
4227 | Arbutus menziesii Pursh 322 | Salish, Coast 217 | tb71 23 | 82 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Young branches used to make gambling sticks. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 82 |
4852 | Arisaema triphyllum (L.) Schott 367 | Pawnee 190 | g19 17 | 69 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Seeds used in gourd shells to make rattles. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69 |
5518 | Artemisia sp. 404 | Dakota 61 | g19 17 | 116 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Plant tops chewed and used for popgun wads. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 116 |
5550 | Artemisia sp. 404 | Omaha 177 | g19 17 | 116 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Plant tops chewed and used for popgun wads. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 116 |
5556 | Artemisia sp. 404 | Pawnee 190 | g19 17 | 116 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Plant tops chewed and used for popgun wads. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 116 |
5561 | Artemisia sp. 404 | Ponca 205 | g19 17 | 116 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Plant tops chewed and used for popgun wads. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 116 |
5569 | Artemisia sp. 404 | Winnebago 280 | g19 17 | 116 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Plant tops chewed and used for popgun wads. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 116 |
5940 | Arundinaria sp. 419 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 29 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Four pieces of hollow cane used as implements in the winter game of bish-i. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 29 |
6320 | Asclepias syriaca L. 446 | Omaha 177 | g19 17 | 109 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Mature stalk fiber chewed and used for popgun wadding by little boys. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 109 |
6322 | Asclepias syriaca L. 446 | Pawnee 190 | g19 17 | 109 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Mature stalk fiber chewed and used for popgun wadding by little boys. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 109 |
6324 | Asclepias syriaca L. 446 | Ponca 205 | g19 17 | 109 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Mature stalk fiber chewed and used for popgun wadding by little boys. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 109 |
6330 | Asclepias syriaca L. 446 | Winnebago 280 | g19 17 | 109 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Mature stalk fiber chewed and used for popgun wadding by little boys. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 109 |
6476 | Astragalus canadensis var. canadensis 467 | Omaha 177 | g19 17 | 91 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Stalks with pods used by small boys as rattles in games in which they imitated tribal dances. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 91 |
6478 | Astragalus canadensis var. canadensis 467 | Ponca 205 | g19 17 | 91 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Stalks with pods used by small boys as rattles in games in which they imitated tribal dances. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 91 |
6784 | Baccharis emoryi Gray 532 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 246 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | 'Down' put onto fires by children to produce a sudden burst of flame which spread rapidly. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 246 |
6785 | Baccharis emoryi Gray 532 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 246 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Pith used to make 'peashooters' and stems and twigs used to make the shooter. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 246 |
7134 | Betula occidentalis Hook. 579 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 39 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Branch used for the pole in the 'hoop and pole' game. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 39 |
7200 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Dakota 61 | g19 17 | 116 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Papery bark chewed to a pulp and used for popgun wads. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 116 |
7265 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Omaha 177 | g19 17 | 116 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Papery bark chewed to a pulp and used for popgun wads. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 116 |
7266 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Pawnee 190 | g19 17 | 116 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Papery bark chewed to a pulp and used for popgun wads. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 116 |
7267 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ponca 205 | g19 17 | 116 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Papery bark chewed to a pulp and used for popgun wads. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 116 |
7314 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Winnebago 280 | g19 17 | 116 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Papery bark chewed to a pulp and used for popgun wads. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 116 |
7437 | Bouteloua gracilis (Willd. ex Kunth) Lag. ex Griffiths 608 | Lakota 125 | r80 108 | 29 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Most plants have two spikes: for sport, people would hunt for those with three. | Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 29 |
7706 | Calochortus aureus S. Wats. 669 | Hopi 95 | w39 37 | 70 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Boys holding handfuls of this plant and larkspur above their heads chased by girls on occasions. | Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 70 |
8501 | Castilleja miniata Dougl. ex Hook. 790 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 210 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Flowers used in young girls' games. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 210 |
8523 | Castilleja parviflora Bong. 794 | Karok 105 | sg52 71 | 389 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Flowers used by children as pretend woodpecker scalps, a form of money or wealth. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 389 |
8542 | Castilleja unalaschcensis (Cham. & Schlecht.) Malte 799 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 210 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Flowers used in young girls' games. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 210 |
8833 | Cephalanthus occidentalis L. 832 | Comanche 48 | cj40 147 | 521 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Wood used to make game sticks. | Carlson, Gustav G. and Volney H. Jones, 1940, Some Notes on Uses of Plants by the Comanche Indians, Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters 25:517-542, page 521 |
8955 | Cercocarpus montanus Raf. 842 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 53 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Wood used to make dice and the sweathouse for ceremonies. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 53 |
9072 | Chamaecyparis lawsoniana (A. Murr.) Parl. 859 | Yurok 289 | b81 70 | 23 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Fruits used by children to throw at each other. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 23 |
10142 | Claytonia parviflora Dougl. ex Hook. 1004 | Karok 105 | b81 70 | 24 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Shoot used to play a game. The stem was stripped of it's outer layers leaving only the terminal leaf or inflorescence hanging loosely on a flexible strand. Opponents held firmly to the base of the strand and attempted to hook the opponents leaf or inflorescence. After engaging, the opponents pulled and the opponent who retained his leaf or inflorescence won. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 24 |
10152 | Claytonia perfoliata Donn ex Willd. 1005 | Yurok 289 | b81 70 | 25 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Shoot used to play a game. The stem was stripped of it's outer layers leaving only the terminal leaf or inflorescence hanging loosely on a flexible strand. Opponents held firmly to the base of the strand and attempted to hook the opponents leaf or inflorescence. After engaging, the opponents pulled and the opponent who retained his leaf or inflorescence won. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 25 |
10176 | Claytonia sibirica var. sibirica 1008 | Karok 105 | sg52 71 | 383 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Fresh flowers used by children to play a game. Each of the two players held a stem in his hand and tried to hook his flower around his opponent's flower. When the flowers were engaged, the players pulled and the one whose flower head came off lost. It was done over and over and a score was kept. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383 |
10399 | Clintonia borealis (Ait.) Raf. 1031 | Chippewa 38 | d28 4 | 377 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Patterns bitten into leaves for entertainment. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 377 |
10904 | Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray 1096 | Green River Group 81 | g73 25 | 42 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Wood used to make disks for gambling games. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42 |
10910 | Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray 1096 | Klallam 114 | g73 25 | 42 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Wood used to make disks for gambling games. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42 |
10921 | Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray 1096 | Skagit 241 | g73 25 | 42 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Wood used to make disks for gambling games. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42 |
11008 | Cornus sericea ssp. sericea 1102 | Blackfoot 23 | j87 146 | 49 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Bark used to cover a circle of split beaver teeth and used as a gambling wheel. | Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 49 |
11009 | Cornus sericea ssp. sericea 1102 | Blackfoot 23 | h92 30 | 21 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Bark used to cover split beaver teeth for gambling wheels. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 21 |
11329 | Cowania sp. 1120 | Walapai 274 | bc41 58 | 54 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Bark made into a ring used in a hoop and pole game. | Bell, Willis H and Edward F. Castetter, 1941, Ethnobiological Studies in the Southwest VII. The Utilization of of Yucca, Sotol and Beargrass by the Aborigines in the American Southwest, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5(5):1-74, page 54 |
11513 | Croton texensis (Klotzsch) Muell.-Arg. 1146 | Oglala 172 | g19 17 | 99 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Plant used as a headdress by little boys while playing. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 99 |
11602 | Cucurbita foetidissima Kunth 1161 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 243 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Fruits used by girls for juggling. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 243 |
11603 | Cucurbita foetidissima Kunth 1161 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 243 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Roots made into a wooden ball and used in playing the 'four hills' game. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 243 |
11609 | Cucurbita foetidissima Kunth 1161 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 40 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Ripe gourds used as children's rattles. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 40 |
12005 | Dalea enneandra Nutt. 1219 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 32 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Erect, slender stems made into small arrows, with a thorn in the end, used for games. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 32 |
12006 | Dalea enneandra Nutt. 1219 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 33 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Erect, slender stems made into small arrows, with a thorn in the end, used for games. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 33 |
12310 | Delphinium scaposum Greene 1257 | Hopi 95 | w39 37 | 70 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Boys holding handfuls of this and mariposa lily above their heads chased by girls on occasions. | Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 70 |
12414 | Desmanthus illinoensis (Michx.) MacM. ex B.L. Robins. & Fern. 1276 | Omaha 177 | g19 17 | 89 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Mature plant, with the seed-filled pods, used as rattles by little boys. The little boys used the rattles as they mimicked some of the native dances in play. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 89 |
12417 | Desmanthus illinoensis (Michx.) MacM. ex B.L. Robins. & Fern. 1276 | Pawnee 190 | g19 17 | 89 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Mature plant, with seed-filled pods, used as rattles by little boys, to mimic native dances. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 89 |
12418 | Desmanthus illinoensis (Michx.) MacM. ex B.L. Robins. & Fern. 1276 | Ponca 205 | g19 17 | 89 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Mature plant, with seed-filled pods, used as rattles by little boys, to mimic native dances. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 89 |
12534 | Dimorphocarpa wislizeni (Engelm.) Rollins 1303 | Hopi 95 | c74 82 | 311 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Plant, a powerful irritant, placed in armpit as a practical joke. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 311 |
12973 | Elaeagnus commutata Bernh. ex Rydb. 1374 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 112 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Braided bark used to whip stone tops spun by children on the ice during the winter. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 112 |
13027 | Eleocharis sp. 1380 | Cheyenne 33 | g72 39 | 170 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Rushes made into small baskets and used as children's playthings. | Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 170 |
13359 | Equisetum hyemale L. 1422 | Gosiute 79 | c11 38 | 368 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Used by children as whistles. | Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 368 |
13407 | Equisetum hyemale L. 1422 | Sioux 238 | h92 30 | 58 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Stems formerly used by children to make whistles. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 58 |
13469 | Equisetum laevigatum A. Braun 1424 | Ute 272 | c09 142 | 34 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Used by children as whistles. | Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1909, Some Plant Names of the Ute Indians, American Anthropologist 11:27-40, page 34 |
13487 | Equisetum sp. 1428 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 37 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Stalk sections used by children to make whistles. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 37 |
13501 | Equisetum sp. 1428 | Winnebago 280 | g19 17 | 63 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Stems used by children to make whistles. The elders warned children not to use the stems as whistles as they might cause the appearance of snakes. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 63 |
13984 | Eriogonum compositum Dougl. ex Benth. 1500 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 112 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Stems used by children to play a game. Children played a game with the stems of these plants. They broke off the main stem, leaving one side branch attached to make a 'hook.' Each child took one of these. They hooked them together and pulled. The first one to break his or her stick lost the game. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 112 |
13994 | Eriogonum elatum Dougl. ex Benth. 1504 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 68 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Stems used in game similar to wishbone pulling. When the plant has matured and the stems are dry and brittle, the stout, long-branched flowering stems of this plant are used to play a game. Two children fashion a hook for themselves from the branching portion of the stem. These hooks are interlocked, and the participants pull on them until one of the hooks is broken. The person with the unbroken hook is considered to be the winner. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 68 |
14022 | Eriogonum heracleoides Nutt. 1510 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 112 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Stems used by children to play a game. Children played a game with the stems of these plants. They broke off the main stem, leaving one side branch attached to make a 'hook.' Each child took one of these. They hooked them together and pulled. The first one to break his or her stick lost the game. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 112 |
14089 | Eriogonum niveum Dougl. ex Benth. 1519 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 112 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Stems used by children to play a game. Children played a game with the stems of these plants. They broke off the main stem, leaving one side branch attached to make a 'hook.' Each child took one of these. They hooked them together and pulled. The first one to break his or her stick lost the game. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 112 |
14091 | Eriogonum nudum Dougl. ex Benth. 1520 | Karok 105 | sg52 71 | 383 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Stems used by children to play a game by hooking each other's plant. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383 |
14099 | Eriogonum nudum var. oblongifolium S. Wats. 1521 | Karok 105 | sg52 71 | 383 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Stems used by children to play a game by hooking each other's plant. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383 |
14362 | Erythronium grandiflorum Pursh 1561 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 121 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Corms used as wagers in gambling. Some of the women used to climb up the valley sides to dig sacks of corms which they used as wagers in gambling. The winners would stagger down the hillside with several sacks of corms, while others, who had worked just as hard, would return home empty handed, having lost in the gambling. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 121 |
14400 | Escobaria vivipara var. vivipara 1571 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 115 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Plant used to play a joke on people by placing it under the covers. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 115 |
14782 | Fomes sp. 1621 | Chehalis 31 | g73 25 | 50 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Used as a target for archery. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 50 |
14787 | Fomes sp. 1621 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 135 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Plant thrown into the stream and used as a target by young boys for spear practice. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 135 |
14788 | Fomes sp. 1621 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 135 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Plant used as a ball in a women's and children's game. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 135 |
14791 | Fomes sp. 1621 | Snohomish 245 | g73 25 | 50 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Used as a target for archery. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 50 |
14797 | Fomitopsis sp. 1624 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 135 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Plant thrown into the stream and used as a target by young boys for spear practice. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 135 |
14798 | Fomitopsis sp. 1624 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 135 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Plant used as a ball in a women's and children's game. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 135 |
15286 | Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh. 1660 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 235 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Wood used to make the hoop for hoop and pole game. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 235 |
15401 | Fucus gardneri Silva 1672 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 44 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Bladders squeezed and popped by children for entertainment. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 44 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );