uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
327 rows where use_subcategory = 24 sorted by pageno
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id | species | tribe | source | pageno ▼ | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
41422 | Typha sp. 4050 | Hualapai 97 | w82 127 | 18 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Used to make the hoop for a game. | Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 18 |
19015 | Juniperus scopulorum Sarg. 2062 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 19 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Tough wood made into a spoked wheel and used in a throwing game. The wheel was rolled along a trough and contestants threw spear-like sticks at it, trying to stop it by having their stick enter the center of the wheel, thus making it fall over. Lesser points were made by getting the stick part way through the spokes, each of which gave a different value according to its color. The winner had to get twenty points. This game was played by men and was often accompanied by betting. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 19 |
29096 | Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl 3085 | Clallam 41 | f80 99 | 194 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Leaves used in a children's game. | Fleisher, Mark S., 1980, The Ethnobotany of the Clallam Indians of Western Washington, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 14(2):192-210, page 194 |
18860 | Juniperus osteosperma (Torr.) Little 2060 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 206 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Wood used to make the pole of the hoop and pole game. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 206 |
23715 | Nereocystis luetkeana (Mert.) Post. & Rupr. 2576 | Makah 133 | g83 3 | 206 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Used by children to make 'kelp cars' to tow around on the beach. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 206 |
35579 | Sagittaria latifolia Willd. 3510 | Cocopa 44 | cb51 125 | 207 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Tubers used in gambling games. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 207 |
41130 | Typha domingensis Pers. 4048 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 208 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Stalk used to make toy arrows. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 208 |
11009 | Cornus sericea ssp. sericea 1102 | Blackfoot 23 | h92 30 | 21 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Bark used to cover split beaver teeth for gambling wheels. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 21 |
26649 | Phyllospadix scouleri Hook. 2908 | Quileute 209 | g73 25 | 21 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Grass used by boys as arrow target practice. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21 |
8501 | Castilleja miniata Dougl. ex Hook. 790 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 210 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Flowers used in young girls' games. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 210 |
8542 | Castilleja unalaschcensis (Cham. & Schlecht.) Malte 799 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 210 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Flowers used in young girls' games. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 210 |
3511 | Angelica genuflexa Nutt. 262 | Hanaksiala 88 | c93 14 | 211 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Hollow stems used to make whistles. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 211 |
37542 | Scirpus sp. 3614 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 211 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Plant braided by children to make a whip. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 211 |
43819 | Yucca baccata Torr. 4225 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 212 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Ring of leaves wrapped in buckskin used in the hoop and pole game. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 212 |
43755 | Yucca angustissima Engelm. ex Trel. 4224 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 213 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Leaves used as tally sticks to keep track of scores in the hidden ball game. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 213 |
16828 | Heracleum maximum Bartr. 1851 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 214 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Plant used to play a game by throwing the plant into a pot. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 214 |
16829 | Heracleum maximum Bartr. 1851 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 214 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Stems used to make whistles. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 214 |
35975 | Salix lucida ssp. lasiandra (Benth.) E. Murr. 3539 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 22 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Branches used to make hobby horses for children. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 22 |
29121 | Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl 3085 | Makah 133 | g83 3 | 221 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Fronds used in the game, pile pile. The game, pile pile, was played frequently in Neah Bay earlier this century and went as follows: one would take a deep breath and pluck the pinnae one by one saying 'pile' for each, all in one breath. The winner was the one who reached the top (apex) of the frond, pulled the most pinnae off, before running out of breath. In Neah Bay anyone could play this game, but among the Nitinaht, where adults also play pile pile, the game was a family privilege exercised at big potlatches. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 221 |
29128 | Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl 3085 | Nitinaht 166 | g83 3 | 221 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Fronds used in the game, pile pile. The game, pile pile, was played frequently in Neah Bay earlier this century and went as follows: one would take a deep breath and pluck the pinnae one by one saying 'pile' for each, all in one breath. The winner was the one who reached the top (apex) of the frond, pulled the most pinnae off, before running out of breath. In Neah Bay anyone could play this game, but among the Nitinaht, where adults also play pile pile, the game was a family privilege exercised at big potlatches. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 221 |
9072 | Chamaecyparis lawsoniana (A. Murr.) Parl. 859 | Yurok 289 | b81 70 | 23 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Fruits used by children to throw at each other. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 23 |
28169 | Pinus sp. 2976 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 23 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Wood used to make the ball for the game, shinny. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 23 |
43370 | Vitis arizonica Engelm. 4171 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 231 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Vines used to make the hoop of the hoop and pole game. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 231 |
576 | Acer nigrum Michx. f. 30 | Ojibwa 173 | r28 8 | 234 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Root used to make the bowl for the dice bowl game. | Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 234 |
595 | Acer pensylvanicum L. 31 | Ojibwa 173 | r28 8 | 234 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Root used to make the bowl for the dice bowl game. | Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 234 |
658 | Acer saccharinum L. 34 | Ojibwa 173 | r28 8 | 234 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Root used to make the bowl for the dice bowl game. | Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 234 |
723 | Acer spicatum Lam. 37 | Ojibwa 173 | r28 8 | 234 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Root used to make the bowl for the dice bowl game. | Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 234 |
15286 | Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh. 1660 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 235 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Wood used to make the hoop for hoop and pole game. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 235 |
15554 | Garrya sp. 1698 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 235 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Straight, thick stocks used to make whistles. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 235 |
3884 | Apocynum ?floribundum Greene (pro sp.) [androsaemifolium ? cannabinum] 295 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 236 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Milky substance used by children to rub on playmates' faces and stick their eyelids together. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 236 |
3885 | Apocynum ?floribundum Greene (pro sp.) [androsaemifolium ? cannabinum] 295 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 236 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Vines, with leaves removed, twisted into a rope and used by children in play. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 236 |
10142 | Claytonia parviflora Dougl. ex Hook. 1004 | Karok 105 | b81 70 | 24 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Shoot used to play a game. The stem was stripped of it's outer layers leaving only the terminal leaf or inflorescence hanging loosely on a flexible strand. Opponents held firmly to the base of the strand and attempted to hook the opponents leaf or inflorescence. After engaging, the opponents pulled and the opponent who retained his leaf or inflorescence won. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 24 |
21753 | Macrocystis integrifolia Bory 2357 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 24 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Children threw dried, little floats from blade base onto fire to make them explode; firecrackers. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 24 |
11602 | Cucurbita foetidissima Kunth 1161 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 243 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Fruits used by girls for juggling. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 243 |
11603 | Cucurbita foetidissima Kunth 1161 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 243 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Roots made into a wooden ball and used in playing the 'four hills' game. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 243 |
6784 | Baccharis emoryi Gray 532 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 246 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | 'Down' put onto fires by children to produce a sudden burst of flame which spread rapidly. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 246 |
6785 | Baccharis emoryi Gray 532 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 246 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Pith used to make 'peashooters' and stems and twigs used to make the shooter. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 246 |
10152 | Claytonia perfoliata Donn ex Willd. 1005 | Yurok 289 | b81 70 | 25 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Shoot used to play a game. The stem was stripped of it's outer layers leaving only the terminal leaf or inflorescence hanging loosely on a flexible strand. Opponents held firmly to the base of the strand and attempted to hook the opponents leaf or inflorescence. After engaging, the opponents pulled and the opponent who retained his leaf or inflorescence won. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 25 |
36802 | Sambucus racemosa L. 3567 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 261 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Stems hollowed and used as blowguns by children. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 261 |
17335 | Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim. 1904 | Nitinaht 166 | g83 3 | 263 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Wood used to make practice bows and arrows for children. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 263 |
36730 | Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli 3566 | Meskwaki 139 | smith28 21 | 268 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Branch joints used as water squirt guns for playing or pop guns for shooting pith corks. | Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 268 |
37152 | Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Hook.) Torr. 3586 | Jemez 102 | c30 28 | 27 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Plant part kicked to see who kicked it the farthest, in racing games. | Cook, Sarah Louise, 1930, The Ethnobotany of Jemez Indians., University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 27 |
36051 | Salix scouleriana Barratt ex Hook. 3547 | Haisla 86 | c93 14 | 288 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Whips used to lash opponents in the 'hoop and pole game.' In the Haisla 'hoop and pole game,' players attempted to spear a rolling hoop. If a player succeeded in spearing the hoop, he was lashed by his opponent with a willow whip. If, however, the spearman retrieved his spear, the hoop and the whip, his team would get the next throw of the hoop. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 288 |
36084 | Salix sitchensis Sanson ex Bong. 3550 | Haisla 86 | c93 14 | 288 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Whips used to lash opponents in the 'hoop and pole game.' | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 288 |
5940 | Arundinaria sp. 419 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 29 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Four pieces of hollow cane used as implements in the winter game of bish-i. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 29 |
7437 | Bouteloua gracilis (Willd. ex Kunth) Lag. ex Griffiths 608 | Lakota 125 | r80 108 | 29 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Most plants have two spikes: for sport, people would hunt for those with three. | Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 29 |
32667 | Ranunculus californicus Benth. 3303 | Pomo, Kashaya 202 | gl80 40 | 30 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Flower put under the chin by a child, if yellow was reflected, the child would like butter. | Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 30 |
44367 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 30 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Shucks used to make dolls. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 30 |
16973 | Hesperostipa spartea (Trin.) Barkworth 1858 | Lakota 125 | r80 108 | 31 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Grass heads used in mischievous games in which boys throw a bunch at people to stick them. | Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 31 |
12534 | Dimorphocarpa wislizeni (Engelm.) Rollins 1303 | Hopi 95 | c74 82 | 311 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Plant, a powerful irritant, placed in armpit as a practical joke. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 311 |
12005 | Dalea enneandra Nutt. 1219 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 32 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Erect, slender stems made into small arrows, with a thorn in the end, used for games. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 32 |
21616 | Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John 2337 | Kitasoo 112 | c93 14 | 320 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Spadices on sticks thrown by children in distance contests. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 320 |
12006 | Dalea enneandra Nutt. 1219 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 33 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Erect, slender stems made into small arrows, with a thorn in the end, used for games. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 33 |
38138 | Sium suave Walt. 3703 | Lakota 125 | r80 108 | 33 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Stems used by children for whistles. | Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 33 |
44039 | Yucca elata (Engelm.) Engelm. 4228 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 33 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Used to make the 102 counting sticks for the moccasin game. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 33 |
44142 | Yucca glauca Nutt. 4230 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 33 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Used to make the 102 counting sticks for the moccasin game. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 33 |
18636 | Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. 2058 | Hopi 95 | c74 82 | 330 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Berries used in rattles. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 330 |
18752 | Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. 2058 | Tewa 257 | c74 82 | 330 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Berries used in rattles. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 330 |
13469 | Equisetum laevigatum A. Braun 1424 | Ute 272 | c09 142 | 34 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Used by children as whistles. | Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1909, Some Plant Names of the Ute Indians, American Anthropologist 11:27-40, page 34 |
44259 | Yucca sp. 4236 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 34 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Fiber used to make a ring for a game similar to 'ring toss.' | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34 |
44260 | Yucca sp. 4236 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 34 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Leaves made into a ball and used to play 'shooting the yucca.' 'Shooting the yucca' was a Navajo game played with a ball made of bark and wound with yucca leaves which had been previously placed in hot ashes to make them flexible. A stick of scrub oak was attached to this by a yucca cord, to give momentum to the light ball. The ball was thrown into the air and the archers discharged their arrows at it as soon as it was drawn downward by the weight of the stick. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34 |
29554 | Populus sp. 3105 | Hopi 95 | c74 82 | 346 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Roots carved into kachina dolls for children. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 346 |
37367 | Schoenoplectus acutus var. acutus 3603 | Dakota 61 | g13i 91 | 359 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Long stems made into a ball and used as an instrument in children's games. The long stems were made into a ball by bending over the base of several together and the remaining length braided together to form a swinging handle. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 359 |
29133 | Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl 3085 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 36 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Kids played with it as a feather. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 36 |
26688 | Physalis lanceolata Michx. 2915 | Dakota 61 | g13i 91 | 362 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Large calyx of plant inflated by children in play & popped by striking it on the forehead or hand. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 362 |
30254 | Prunus americana Marsh. 3160 | Dakota 61 | g13i 91 | 364 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Seeds used to make playing pieces of a game similar to dice. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 364 |
13359 | Equisetum hyemale L. 1422 | Gosiute 79 | c11 38 | 368 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Used by children as whistles. | Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 368 |
13487 | Equisetum sp. 1428 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 37 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Stalk sections used by children to make whistles. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 37 |
20589 | Lithospermum incisum Lehm. 2216 | Okanagon 176 | p52 55 | 37 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Seeds used as beads by children. | Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 37 |
20595 | Lithospermum incisum Lehm. 2216 | Thompson 259 | p52 55 | 37 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Seeds used as beads by children. | Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 37 |
29563 | Populus sp. 3105 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 37 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Wood used to make clubs for the moccasin game. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 37 |
29564 | Populus sp. 3105 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 37 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Wood used to make dice. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 37 |
2279 | Allium stellatum Nutt. ex Ker-Gawl. 161 | Chippewa 38 | d28 4 | 377 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Used as toys. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 377 |
10399 | Clintonia borealis (Ait.) Raf. 1031 | Chippewa 38 | d28 4 | 377 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Patterns bitten into leaves for entertainment. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 377 |
28095 | Pinus resinosa Soland. 2973 | Chippewa 38 | d28 4 | 378 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Used for toys. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 378 |
29106 | Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl 3085 | Karok 105 | sg52 71 | 378 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Fronds used in a game played by adults of both sexes to see who had the longest wind. Beginning at the bottom of the frond, the player touched each leaflet, first on one side of the stem and then the other and said 'tiip' each time he touched a leaflet. Whoever went the farthest up the frond won. There was no gambling on this game. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 378 |
37179 | Sarracenia purpurea L. 3588 | Chippewa 38 | d28 4 | 378 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Used for toys. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 378 |
37482 | Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla 3609 | Chippewa 38 | d28 4 | 378 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Used for toys. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 378 |
3086 | Amelanchier alnifolia var. semiintegrifolia (Hook.) C.L. Hitchc. 207 | Snohomish 245 | g73 25 | 38 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Wood used to make discs for gambling games. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
34011 | Rosa gymnocarpa Nutt. 3426 | Okanagon 176 | p52 55 | 38 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Hips used as beads by children. | Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 38 |
34030 | Rosa gymnocarpa Nutt. 3426 | Thompson 259 | p52 55 | 38 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Hips used as beads by children. | Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 38 |
16449 | Hastingsia alba (Dur.) S. Wats. 1801 | Karok 105 | sg52 71 | 380 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Leaves put over the teeth to make a snapping sound for amusement. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 380 |
10176 | Claytonia sibirica var. sibirica 1008 | Karok 105 | sg52 71 | 383 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Fresh flowers used by children to play a game. Each of the two players held a stem in his hand and tried to hook his flower around his opponent's flower. When the flowers were engaged, the players pulled and the one whose flower head came off lost. It was done over and over and a score was kept. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383 |
14091 | Eriogonum nudum Dougl. ex Benth. 1520 | Karok 105 | sg52 71 | 383 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Stems used by children to play a game by hooking each other's plant. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383 |
14099 | Eriogonum nudum var. oblongifolium S. Wats. 1521 | Karok 105 | sg52 71 | 383 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Stems used by children to play a game by hooking each other's plant. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383 |
41631 | Umbellularia californica (Hook. & Arn.) Nutt. 4056 | Karok 105 | sg52 71 | 383 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Leaves thrown into the fire by children to hear them crack like firecrackers. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383 |
17314 | Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim. 1904 | Karok 105 | sg52 71 | 384 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Shoots used to make 'Indian cards.' A set of little sticks was prepared by scraping ten inch lengths of shoot clean of bark. All the sticks were straight and one was marked with a black mark. The dealer took the set of sticks in his hands, shuffled the sticks, sang and held his hands behind his back. He tried to prevent his opponents from guessing where the black marked stick was. If the dealer kept the other side from guessing where the ace was for ten times, he won. This was a gambling game. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 384 |
16998 | Heteromeles arbutifolia var. arbutifolia 1861 | Karok 105 | sg52 71 | 385 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Leaves thrown into the fire by children to hear them crack like firecrackers. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 385 |
43303 | Viola sempervirens Greene 4164 | Karok 105 | sg52 71 | 386 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Flowers used by children during play. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 386 |
36550 | Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli 3565 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 388 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Pithless wood used to make 'squirt guns' and whistles. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 388 |
8523 | Castilleja parviflora Bong. 794 | Karok 105 | sg52 71 | 389 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Flowers used by children as pretend woodpecker scalps, a form of money or wealth. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 389 |
7134 | Betula occidentalis Hook. 579 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 39 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Branch used for the pole in the 'hoop and pole' game. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 39 |
22409 | Marah oreganus (Torr. ex S. Wats.) T.J. Howell 2415 | Yurok 289 | b81 70 | 39 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Fruit tossed by children at one another in play. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 39 |
22410 | Marah oreganus (Torr. ex S. Wats.) T.J. Howell 2415 | Yurok 289 | b81 70 | 39 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Fruit used by children to construct representations of animals by inserting twigs. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 39 |
29244 | Populus balsamifera L. 3095 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 4 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Bark used to make toys. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 4 |
11609 | Cucurbita foetidissima Kunth 1161 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 40 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Ripe gourds used as children's rattles. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 40 |
32470 | Quercus sp. 3289 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 40 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Stick curved in hot ashes to make a 'j' shaped stick or bat for shinny and other games. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40 |
32471 | Quercus sp. 3289 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 40 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Sticks kicked out of the ground while playing 'football.' | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40 |
22892 | Mentzelia involucrata S. Wats. 2451 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 41 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Leaves thrown by children at one another because they stick and were hard to remove. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 41 |
32421 | Quercus sp. 3289 | Apache, Mescalero 12 | b74 52 | 41 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Used to make toy bows. | Basehart, Harry W., 1974, Apache Indians XII. Mescalero Apache Subsistence Patterns and Socio-Political Organization, New York. Garland Publishing Inc., page 41 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );