uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
459 rows where use_subcategory = 2 sorted by pageno descending
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id | species | tribe | source | pageno ▲ | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
28816 | Polygonatum biflorum (Walt.) Ell. 3048 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 56 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Roots dried, beaten into flour and used to make bread. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 56 |
31946 | Quercus chrysolepis Liebm. 3255 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 56 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns made into a fine meal, cooked into a mush and allowed to stand and harden into a 'cake.' | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 56 |
31970 | Quercus douglasii Hook. & Arn. 3256 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 56 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns made into a fine meal, cooked into a mush and allowed to stand and harden into a 'cake.' | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 56 |
32008 | Quercus dumosa Nutt. 3257 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 56 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns made into a fine meal, cooked into a mush and allowed to stand and harden into a 'cake.' | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 56 |
32149 | Quercus garryana var. semota Jepson 3266 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 56 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns made into a fine meal, cooked into a mush and allowed to stand and harden into a 'cake.' | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 56 |
32195 | Quercus kelloggii Newberry 3270 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 56 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns made into a fine meal, cooked into a mush and allowed to stand and harden into a 'cake.' | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 56 |
32248 | Quercus lobata N‚e 3272 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 56 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns made into a fine meal, cooked into a mush and allowed to stand and harden into a 'cake.' | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 56 |
32602 | Quercus wislizeni var. frutescens Engelm. 3296 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 56 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns made into a fine meal, cooked into a mush and allowed to stand and harden into a 'cake.' | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 56 |
35538 | Sabal minor (Jacq.) Pers. 3502 | Houma 96 | speck41 49 | 55 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fresh root slices baked and eaten as bread. | Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 55 |
44377 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Delaware 62 | t72 97 | 55 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Dry, unparched corn made into flour and used to make bread. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 55 |
30039 | Prosopis glandulosa var. torreyana (L. Benson) M.C. Johnston 3155 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 54 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Pods crushed into a meal, molded into a dry cake and stored and eaten at a later time. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 54 |
30040 | Prosopis glandulosa var. torreyana (L. Benson) M.C. Johnston 3155 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 54 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds pounded and molded into a cake without cooking. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 54 |
43679 | Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray 4211 | Zuni 291 | c35 19 | 54 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds ground, mixed with corn meal, made into pats and steamed. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 54 |
43774 | Yucca baccata Torr. 4225 | Acoma 2 | c35 19 | 54 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruits baked, boiled, dried, rolled into loaves and stored for winter use. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 54 |
43859 | Yucca baccata Torr. 4225 | Laguna 124 | c35 19 | 54 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruits baked, boiled, dried, rolled into loaves and stored for winter use. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 54 |
43869 | Yucca baccata Torr. 4225 | Navajo 157 | c35 19 | 54 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Ripe fruits dried, ground, kneaded into small cakes and slightly roasted. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 54 |
27865 | Pinus monophylla Torr. & Fr‚m. 2965 | Paiute, Northern 185 | f89 50 | 51 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Nuts roasted, winnowed, dried, ground into a meal, made into a stiff flour dough and eaten. | Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 51 |
35413 | Rumex hymenosepalus Torr. 3487 | Pima 193 | c49 11 | 51 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds formerly roasted, ground, added to water to form flat cakes, baked and eaten. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 51 |
10313 | Cleome serrulata Pursh 1026 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 50 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Dried leaves and meat or tallow used to make dumplings. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 50 |
6939 | Balsamorhiza sagittata (Pursh) Nutt. 549 | Thompson 259 | steed28 33 | 491 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds mixed with deer fat or grease, boiled, cooled and made into small cakes. | Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 491 |
7914 | Camelina microcarpa DC. 703 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 49 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds threshed, winnowed, ground and the flour used to make bread. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 49 |
9985 | Cirsium pallidum Woot. & Standl. 965 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 49 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds threshed, winnowed, ground and the flour used to make bread. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 49 |
12336 | Descurainia incana ssp. incisa (Engelm.) Kartesz & Gandhi 1269 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 49 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds threshed, winnowed, ground and the flour used to make bread. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 49 |
30943 | Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr. 3182 | Paiute, Northern 185 | f89 50 | 49 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries mashed, made into round cakes and eaten dry. | Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 49 |
2696 | Amaranthus albus L. 184 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 48 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds winnowed, ground into flour and used to make bread. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 48 |
2797 | Amaranthus retroflexus L. 193 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 48 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds winnowed, ground into flour and used to make bread. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 48 |
7953 | Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. 723 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 48 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds winnowed, dried, stored, ground into flour and used to make bread. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 48 |
12729 | Dyssodia papposa (Vent.) A.S. Hitchc. 1346 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 48 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds winnowed, dried, stored, ground into flour and used to make bread. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 48 |
16557 | Helianthus annuus L. 1821 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 48 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds ground, sifted, made into dough and baked on hot stones. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 48 |
23487 | Morus rubra L. 2532 | Cherokee 32 | perry75 86 | 48 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries and poke berries crushed, strained, mixed with sugar and corn meal and made into dumplings. | Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 48 |
23544 | Muhlenbergia sp. 2544 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 48 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds threshed, winnowed, ground and the flour used to make bread. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 48 |
25449 | Panicum bulbosum Kunth 2737 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 48 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds threshed, winnowed, ground and the flour used to make bread. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 48 |
30674 | Prunus sp. 3178 | Apache, Mescalero 12 | b74 52 | 48 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries ground, formed into cakes and dried. | Basehart, Harry W., 1974, Apache Indians XII. Mescalero Apache Subsistence Patterns and Socio-Political Organization, New York. Garland Publishing Inc., page 48 |
35327 | Rumex crispus L. 3485 | Paiute, Northern 185 | f89 50 | 48 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds soaked in water, ground into a doughy flour and baked in the sand. | Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 48 |
38778 | Sporobolus cryptandrus (Torr.) Gray 3806 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 48 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds threshed, winnowed, ground and the flour used to make bread. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 48 |
41145 | Typha domingensis Pers. 4048 | Paiute, Northern 185 | f89 50 | 48 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds gathered into a dough, kneaded, made into flat cakes and roasted under hot coals. | Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 48 |
41146 | Typha domingensis Pers. 4048 | Paiute, Northern 185 | f89 50 | 48 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds roasted, winnowed, ground into fine flour, boiled, made into round cakes and sun dried. | Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 48 |
41329 | Typha latifolia L. 4049 | Paiute, Northern 185 | f89 50 | 48 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds gathered into a dough, kneaded, made into flat cakes and roasted under hot coals. | Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 48 |
41330 | Typha latifolia L. 4049 | Paiute, Northern 185 | f89 50 | 48 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds roasted, winnowed, ground into fine flour, boiled, made into round cakes and sun dried. | Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 48 |
28817 | Polygonatum biflorum (Walt.) Ell. 3048 | Cherokee 32 | perry75 86 | 47 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Roots used to make bread. | Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 47 |
29705 | Porphyra abbottae Krishnamurthy 3108 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 47 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Whole plant formed into flat sheets, pressed in boxes, dried and made into cakes. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 47 |
30975 | Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. 3183 | Apache 10 | rhf16 61 | 47 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries ground and meal made into sweet, blackish cakes. | Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 47 |
8777 | Celtis laevigata var. reticulata (Torr.) L. Benson 822 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 46 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit ground, caked and dried for winter use. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 46 |
11847 | Cymopterus sp. 1190 | Hualapai 97 | w82 127 | 46 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Roots pit roasted, mashed and fried into cakes. | Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 46 |
16141 | Gossypium sp. 1768 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 46 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seed flour mixed with saguaro seed flour, baked on sand and eaten as browned cakes. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 46 |
20267 | Lilium columbianum hort. ex Baker 2184 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 46 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Bulbs dried into cakes and stored for winter use. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 46 |
29990 | Prosopis glandulosa var. glandulosa 3154 | Mohave 147 | s65 196 | 46 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Dried bean pods ground into a meal and used to make cakes. | Stewart, Kenneth M., 1965, Mohave Indian Gathering of Wild Plants, Kiva 31(1):46-53, page 46 |
44427 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Isleta 101 | j31 76 | 46 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Corn meal used to make various breads. | Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 46 |
3206 | Amphicarpaea bracteata (L.) Fern. 227 | Cherokee 32 | perry75 86 | 45 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Underground fruit used to make bean bread. | Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 45 |
29935 | Prosopis glandulosa Torr. 3153 | Apache 10 | c35 19 | 45 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds ground into flour and used in pancakes. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 45 |
2035 | Allium anceps Kellogg 133 | Paiute, Northern 185 | f89 50 | 44 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Bulbs cooked on hot rocks, squeezed into cakes and eaten. | Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 44 |
9497 | Chenopodium fremontii S. Wats. 899 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 44 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds used to make tortillas and bread. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 44 |
9556 | Chenopodium sp. 910 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 44 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds used to make bread. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 44 |
11405 | Crataegus erythropoda Ashe 1125 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 44 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit pressed into pulpy cakes, dried and stored. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 44 |
23468 | Morus microphylla Buckl. 2530 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 44 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit pressed into pulpy cakes, dried and stored. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 44 |
30143 | Prosopis velutina Woot. 3158 | Pima 193 | c35 19 | 44 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds ground into flour and used to make bread. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 44 |
33605 | Ribes leptanthum Gray 3377 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 44 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit made into cakes for use during winter. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 44 |
33677 | Ribes pinetorum Greene 3389 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 44 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit ground and compressed into cakes for winter use. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 44 |
33776 | Ribes wolfii Rothrock 3402 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 44 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit ground, dried and pressed into cakes for storage. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 44 |
34358 | Rubus arizonensis Focke 3443 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 44 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit pressed into pulpy cakes, dried and stored. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 44 |
15637 | Gaultheria shallon Pursh 1703 | Klallam 114 | g73 25 | 43 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries mashed, dried, made into cakes, dipped in whale or seal oil and eaten. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43 |
15643 | Gaultheria shallon Pursh 1703 | Makah 133 | g73 25 | 43 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries mashed, dried, made into cakes, dipped in whale or seal oil and eaten. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43 |
15677 | Gaultheria shallon Pursh 1703 | Quileute 209 | g73 25 | 43 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries mashed, dried, made into cakes, dipped in whale or seal oil and eaten. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43 |
15681 | Gaultheria shallon Pursh 1703 | Quinault 210 | g73 25 | 43 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries mashed, dried, made into cakes, dipped in whale or seal oil and eaten. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43 |
15686 | Gaultheria shallon Pursh 1703 | Samish 221 | g73 25 | 43 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries mashed, dried, made into cakes, dipped in whale or seal oil and eaten. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43 |
15688 | Gaultheria shallon Pursh 1703 | Skagit 241 | g73 25 | 43 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries mashed, dried, made into cakes, dipped in whale or seal oil and eaten. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43 |
15692 | Gaultheria shallon Pursh 1703 | Skokomish 243 | g73 25 | 43 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries mashed, dried, made into cakes, dipped in whale or seal oil and eaten. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43 |
15693 | Gaultheria shallon Pursh 1703 | Snohomish 245 | g73 25 | 43 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries mashed, dried, made into cakes, dipped in whale or seal oil and eaten. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43 |
15696 | Gaultheria shallon Pursh 1703 | Swinomish 253 | g73 25 | 43 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries mashed, dried, made into cakes, dipped in whale or seal oil and eaten. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43 |
28069 | Pinus ponderosa var. scopulorum Engelm. 2970 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 43 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Inner bark scraped off and baked in the form of cakes. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 43 |
29568 | Populus tremuloides Michx. 3106 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 43 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Inner bark scraped off and baked in the form of cakes. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 43 |
30819 | Prunus virginiana L. 3181 | Montana Indian 151 | h92 30 | 42 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries pulverized, shaped into round cakes, sun dried and stored for winter use. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 42 |
38283 | Solanum fendleri Gray ex Torr. 3721 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 42 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Plant dried, stored, ground into flour and used to make bread. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 42 |
10440 | Coix lacryma-jobi L. 1042 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 41 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds used to make bread. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 41 |
12064 | Dasylirion wheeleri S. Wats. 1237 | Apache, Mescalero 12 | b74 52 | 41 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Plants pit cooked, formed into cakes, dried and used for food. | Basehart, Harry W., 1974, Apache Indians XII. Mescalero Apache Subsistence Patterns and Socio-Political Organization, New York. Garland Publishing Inc., page 41 |
29938 | Prosopis glandulosa Torr. 3153 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 41 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Bean flour made into pancakes and bread. Beans were gathered, boiled, pounded on a hide or ground on a metate, placed in a pan and worked with the hands until a thick consistency was attained. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 41 |
30051 | Prosopis pubescens Benth. 3156 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 41 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Pods dried, washed, ground into flour and made into bread. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 41 |
30162 | Prosopis velutina Woot. 3158 | Pima, Gila River 195 | r91 136 | 4 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Pods made into flour and used to make an uncooked cake or loaf. | Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 4 |
8417 | Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh. 774 | Cherokee 32 | perry75 86 | 39 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Nuts ground into a meal and used to make bread. | Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 39 |
15667 | Gaultheria shallon Pursh 1703 | Okanagon 176 | p52 55 | 39 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruits pressed into cakes and used as a winter food. | Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39 |
15698 | Gaultheria shallon Pursh 1703 | Thompson 259 | p52 55 | 39 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruits pressed into cakes and used as a winter food. | Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39 |
15723 | Gaylussacia baccata (Wangenh.) K. Koch 1707 | Cherokee 32 | perry75 86 | 39 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries mixed with flour or cornmeal, soda and water and made into bread. | Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 39 |
29952 | Prosopis glandulosa Torr. 3153 | Isleta 101 | j31 76 | 39 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Beans ground into a flour and used to make bread. | Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 39 |
43792 | Yucca baccata Torr. 4225 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 39 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit pulp ground, made into large cakes and stored indefinitely. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 39 |
43793 | Yucca baccata Torr. 4225 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 39 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit roasted, split, seeds removed and pulp ground into large cakes. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 39 |
44270 | Yucca torreyi Shafer 4237 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 39 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit pulp ground, made into large cakes and stored indefinitely. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 39 |
44271 | Yucca torreyi Shafer 4237 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 39 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit roasted, split, seeds removed and pulp ground into large cakes. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 39 |
35612 | Salicornia maritima Wolff & Jefferies 3512 | Gosiute 79 | c11 38 | 380 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds ground into a meal and used to make a 'sweet bread.' | Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 380 |
3015 | Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer 204 | Okanagon 176 | p52 55 | 38 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries pressed into cakes and used for food. | Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 38 |
3040 | Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer 204 | Thompson 259 | p52 55 | 38 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries pressed into cakes and used for food. | Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 38 |
12059 | Dasylirion wheeleri S. Wats. 1237 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 38 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Crowns baked in pits, stripped, pounded to a pulp, spread out to dry and eaten like cake. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 38 |
40823 | Triticum aestivum L. 4037 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 38 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Used for making native breads. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 38 |
7383 | Blennosperma nanum (Hook.) Blake 593 | Neeshenam 160 | p74 81 | 377 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds parched, ground into flour and used to make bread. | Powers, Stephen, 1874, Aboriginal Botany, Proceedings of the California Academy of Science 5:373-9., page 377 |
7579 | Bromus carinatus Hook. & Arn. 634 | Neeshenam 160 | p74 81 | 377 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds parched, ground into flour and used to make bread. | Powers, Stephen, 1874, Aboriginal Botany, Proceedings of the California Academy of Science 5:373-9., page 377 |
21789 | Madia sp. 2365 | Neeshenam 160 | p74 81 | 377 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds parched, ground into flour and used to make bread. | Powers, Stephen, 1874, Aboriginal Botany, Proceedings of the California Academy of Science 5:373-9., page 377 |
32664 | Ranunculus californicus Benth. 3303 | Neeshenam 160 | p74 81 | 377 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds parched, ground into flour and used to make bread. | Powers, Stephen, 1874, Aboriginal Botany, Proceedings of the California Academy of Science 5:373-9., page 377 |
4408 | Arctostaphylos manzanita Parry 337 | Numlaki 170 | c02 89 | 375 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruits made into bread and eaten. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 375 |
32094 | Quercus gambelii Nutt. 3263 | Neeshenam 160 | p74 81 | 374 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns ground into flour, soaked in water and baked to make a bread. | Powers, Stephen, 1874, Aboriginal Botany, Proceedings of the California Academy of Science 5:373-9., page 374 |
13265 | Epilobium densiflorum (Lindl.) Hoch & Raven 1415 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 370 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds used to make bread. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 370 |
16142 | Gossypium sp. 1768 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 37 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds made into flour and baked on hot sands as browned cakes. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 37 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );