uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
459 rows where use_subcategory = 2
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id ▼ | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
25449 | Panicum bulbosum Kunth 2737 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 48 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds threshed, winnowed, ground and the flour used to make bread. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 48 |
25451 | Panicum capillare L. 2738 | Hopi 95 | vest40 126 | 159 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Ground seed meal used to make bread. | Vestal, Paul A, 1940, Notes on a Collection of Plants from the Hopi Indian Region of Arizona Made by J. G. Owens in 1891, Botanical Museum Leaflets (Harvard University) 8(8):153-168, page 159 |
25459 | Panicum hirticaule J. Presl 2739 | Cocopa 44 | cb51 125 | 175 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds ground into a meal and used to make bread. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 175 |
25468 | Panicum sonorum Beal 2741 | Cocopa 44 | cb51 125 | 170 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds ground, mixed with water and dried to make cakes. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 170 |
25734 | Pediomelum esculentum (Pursh) Rydb. 2783 | Montana Indian 151 | h92 30 | 61 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Roots dried, mashed and used to make cakes or breads. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 61 |
25981 | Perideridia bolanderi (Gray) A. Nels. & J.F. Macbr. 2830 | Atsugewi 19 | g53 129 | 138 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Stored, dried roots pounded and made into bread. | Garth, Thomas R., 1953, Atsugewi Ethnography, Anthropological Records 14(2):140-141, page 138 |
26013 | Perideridia gairdneri (Hook. & Arn.) Mathias 2831 | Flathead 76 | h92 30 | 65 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Roots smashed, formed into small, round cakes, sun dried and stored for winter use. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 65 |
26298 | Phaseolus coccineus L. 2870 | Iroquois 100 | w16 112 | 103 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds cooked, mixed with corn bread paste and again cooked in the making of the bread. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103 |
26309 | Phaseolus lunatus L. 2871 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 24 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Beans used to make bean bread. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 24 |
26315 | Phaseolus lunatus L. 2871 | Iroquois 100 | w16 112 | 103 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds cooked, mixed with corn bread paste and again cooked in the making of the bread. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103 |
26334 | Phaseolus vulgaris L. 2873 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 24 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Beans used to make bean bread. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 24 |
26341 | Phaseolus vulgaris L. 2873 | Iroquois 100 | w16 112 | 103 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds cooked, mixed with corn bread paste and again cooked in the making of the bread. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103 |
26718 | Physalis sp. 2919 | Iroquois 100 | w16 112 | 129 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129 |
27453 | Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. 2953 | Salish, Coast 217 | tb71 23 | 70 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Juicy inner bark dried in cakes and used for food. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 70 |
27580 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Hualapai 97 | w82 127 | 35 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Nuts formed into cakes. | Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 35 |
27611 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Navajo 157 | l86 121 | 21 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Ground nuts formed into cakes. | Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 21 |
27780 | Pinus lambertiana Dougl. 2964 | Shasta 230 | h46 149 | 308 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Nuts dried, powdered, made into small cakes and eaten with a very thin mush made of grass seeds. | Holt, Catharine, 1946, Shasta Ethnography, Anthropological Records 3(4):308, page 308 |
27865 | Pinus monophylla Torr. & Fr‚m. 2965 | Paiute, Northern 185 | f89 50 | 51 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Nuts roasted, winnowed, dried, ground into a meal, made into a stiff flour dough and eaten. | Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 51 |
28031 | Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson 2968 | Shasta 230 | h46 149 | 308 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Nuts dried, powdered, made into small cakes and eaten with a very thin mush made of grass seeds. | Holt, Catharine, 1946, Shasta Ethnography, Anthropological Records 3(4):308, page 308 |
28069 | Pinus ponderosa var. scopulorum Engelm. 2970 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 43 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Inner bark scraped off and baked in the form of cakes. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 43 |
28146 | Pinus sabiniana Dougl. ex Dougl. 2975 | Shasta 230 | h46 149 | 308 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Nuts dried, powdered, made into small cakes and eaten with a very thin mush made of grass seeds. | Holt, Catharine, 1946, Shasta Ethnography, Anthropological Records 3(4):308, page 308 |
28662 | Poa fendleriana (Steud.) Vasey 3029 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 66 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds ground, kneaded into a thick paste, rolled into little balls, boiled and eaten as marbles. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 66 |
28663 | Poa fendleriana (Steud.) Vasey 3029 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 66 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds parched, ground fine, boiled, thickened, made into balls and eaten as dumplings. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 66 |
28700 | Podophyllum peltatum L. 3033 | Iroquois 100 | w16 112 | 129 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129 |
28816 | Polygonatum biflorum (Walt.) Ell. 3048 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 56 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Roots dried, beaten into flour and used to make bread. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 56 |
28817 | Polygonatum biflorum (Walt.) Ell. 3048 | Cherokee 32 | perry75 86 | 47 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Roots used to make bread. | Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 47 |
29568 | Populus tremuloides Michx. 3106 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 43 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Inner bark scraped off and baked in the form of cakes. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 43 |
29703 | Porphyra abbottae Krishnamurthy 3108 | Kitasoo 112 | c93 14 | 304 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Plant pressed into boxes to form compressed cakes, dried and stored for future use. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 304 |
29705 | Porphyra abbottae Krishnamurthy 3108 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 47 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Whole plant formed into flat sheets, pressed in boxes, dried and made into cakes. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 47 |
29718 | Porphyra perforata J. Agardh 3111 | Pomo 200 | b52 96 | 94 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Weeds stacked like cakes and dried until needed. | Barrett, S. A., 1952, Material Aspects of Pomo Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 20, page 94 |
29724 | Porphyra sp. 3112 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 262 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Plants allowed to rot, shaped into cakes, sun dried and eaten with dried salmon at feasts. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 262 |
29935 | Prosopis glandulosa Torr. 3153 | Apache 10 | c35 19 | 45 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds ground into flour and used in pancakes. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 45 |
29938 | Prosopis glandulosa Torr. 3153 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 41 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Bean flour made into pancakes and bread. Beans were gathered, boiled, pounded on a hide or ground on a metate, placed in a pan and worked with the hands until a thick consistency was attained. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 41 |
29952 | Prosopis glandulosa Torr. 3153 | Isleta 101 | j31 76 | 39 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Beans ground into a flour and used to make bread. | Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 39 |
29966 | Prosopis glandulosa var. glandulosa 3154 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 176 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Dried seeds pounded into flour, moistened, allowed to harden into cakes and stored. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 176 |
29986 | Prosopis glandulosa var. glandulosa 3154 | Mahuna 131 | r54 5 | 57 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Bean pods ground into flour and used to make cakes and tarts. | Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 57 |
29990 | Prosopis glandulosa var. glandulosa 3154 | Mohave 147 | s65 196 | 46 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Dried bean pods ground into a meal and used to make cakes. | Stewart, Kenneth M., 1965, Mohave Indian Gathering of Wild Plants, Kiva 31(1):46-53, page 46 |
30004 | Prosopis glandulosa var. glandulosa 3154 | Yuma 288 | cb51 125 | 181 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Meal molded into cakes for storage. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 181 |
30016 | Prosopis glandulosa var. torreyana (L. Benson) M.C. Johnston 3155 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 107 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Pod meal and water used to make cakes. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 107 |
30035 | Prosopis glandulosa var. torreyana (L. Benson) M.C. Johnston 3155 | Diegueno 65 | hedges86 85 | 32 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Beans ground into a meal and used to make cakes. | Hedges, Ken, 1986, Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany, San Diego Museum of Man Ethnic Technology Notes, No. 20, page 32 |
30039 | Prosopis glandulosa var. torreyana (L. Benson) M.C. Johnston 3155 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 54 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Pods crushed into a meal, molded into a dry cake and stored and eaten at a later time. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 54 |
30040 | Prosopis glandulosa var. torreyana (L. Benson) M.C. Johnston 3155 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 54 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds pounded and molded into a cake without cooking. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 54 |
30051 | Prosopis pubescens Benth. 3156 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 41 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Pods dried, washed, ground into flour and made into bread. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 41 |
30060 | Prosopis pubescens Benth. 3156 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 118 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Pod meal and water used to make cakes. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 118 |
30142 | Prosopis velutina Woot. 3158 | Pima 193 | c49 11 | 93 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Beans boiled, cooled, pressed out into dumplings and eaten. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 93 |
30143 | Prosopis velutina Woot. 3158 | Pima 193 | c35 19 | 44 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds ground into flour and used to make bread. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 44 |
30162 | Prosopis velutina Woot. 3158 | Pima, Gila River 195 | r91 136 | 4 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Pods made into flour and used to make an uncooked cake or loaf. | Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 4 |
30241 | Prunus americana Marsh. 3160 | Chippewa 38 | d28 4 | 321 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries cooked, spread on birch bark into little cakes, dried and stored for winter use. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 321 |
30256 | Prunus americana Marsh. 3160 | Iroquois 100 | w16 112 | 128 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128 |
30438 | Prunus ilicifolia (Nutt. ex Hook. & Arn.) D. Dietr. 3170 | Diegueno 65 | hedges86 85 | 32 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Large seed cracked, the kernel extracted, pounded into a meal and made into patties and roasted. | Hedges, Ken, 1986, Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany, San Diego Museum of Man Ethnic Technology Notes, No. 20, page 32 |
30453 | Prunus nigra Ait. 3171 | Iroquois 100 | w16 112 | 128 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128 |
30494 | Prunus pensylvanica L. f. 3172 | Iroquois 100 | w16 112 | 128 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128 |
30530 | Prunus persica (L.) Batsch 3173 | Iroquois 100 | w16 112 | 129 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129 |
30594 | Prunus serotina Ehrh. 3177 | Chippewa 38 | d28 4 | 321 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries cooked, spread on birch bark into little cakes, dried and stored for winter use. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 321 |
30624 | Prunus serotina Ehrh. 3177 | Iroquois 100 | w16 112 | 128 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128 |
30674 | Prunus sp. 3178 | Apache, Mescalero 12 | b74 52 | 48 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries ground, formed into cakes and dried. | Basehart, Harry W., 1974, Apache Indians XII. Mescalero Apache Subsistence Patterns and Socio-Political Organization, New York. Garland Publishing Inc., page 48 |
30695 | Prunus subcordata Benth. 3179 | Atsugewi 19 | g53 129 | 139 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds removed, pulp pounded and stored for winter in small cakes. | Garth, Thomas R., 1953, Atsugewi Ethnography, Anthropological Records 14(2):140-141, page 139 |
30750 | Prunus virginiana L. 3181 | Cheyenne 33 | h81 57 | 35 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruits pounded, formed into flat cakes, sun dried and used as a winter food. | Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 35 |
30792 | Prunus virginiana L. 3181 | Iroquois 100 | w16 112 | 128 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128 |
30819 | Prunus virginiana L. 3181 | Montana Indian 151 | h92 30 | 42 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries pulverized, shaped into round cakes, sun dried and stored for winter use. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 42 |
30845 | Prunus virginiana L. 3181 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 127 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries mashed, seeds and all, and sun dried into thin cakes. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 127 |
30943 | Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr. 3182 | Paiute, Northern 185 | f89 50 | 49 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries mashed, made into round cakes and eaten dry. | Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 49 |
30975 | Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. 3183 | Apache 10 | rhf16 61 | 47 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries ground and meal made into sweet, blackish cakes. | Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 47 |
31001 | Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. 3183 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 31 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit ground and made into small cakes. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 31 |
31011 | Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. 3183 | Sanpoil and Nespelem 226 | r32 44 | 101 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Berries mashed, mixed with dried salmon into a pemmican, formed into cakes, dried and stored. | Ray, Verne F., 1932, The Sanpoil and Nespelem: Salishan Peoples of Northeastern Washington, University of Washington Publications in Anthropology, Vol. 5, page 101 |
31018 | Prunus virginiana var. virginiana 3184 | Dakota 61 | g19 17 | 88 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit and pits pounded to a pulp, formed into small cakes, sun dried and stored for winter use. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 88 |
31023 | Prunus virginiana var. virginiana 3184 | Omaha 177 | g19 17 | 88 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit and pits pounded to a pulp, formed into small cakes, sun dried and stored for winter use. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 88 |
31028 | Prunus virginiana var. virginiana 3184 | Pawnee 190 | g19 17 | 88 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit and pits pounded to a pulp, formed into small cakes, sun dried and stored for winter use. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 88 |
31034 | Prunus virginiana var. virginiana 3184 | Ponca 205 | g19 17 | 88 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit and pits pounded to a pulp, formed into small cakes, sun dried and stored for winter use. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 88 |
31493 | Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn 3214 | Salish, Coast 217 | tb71 23 | 69 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Rhizomes pounded into flour and baked to make bread. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 69 |
31823 | Pyrus communis L. 3247 | Iroquois 100 | w16 112 | 129 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129 |
31835 | Quercus agrifolia N‚e 3251 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 121 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns ground into a fine meal and used to make bread. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 121 |
31930 | Quercus chrysolepis Liebm. 3255 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 121 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns ground into a fine meal and used to make bread. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 121 |
31946 | Quercus chrysolepis Liebm. 3255 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 56 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns made into a fine meal, cooked into a mush and allowed to stand and harden into a 'cake.' | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 56 |
31956 | Quercus chrysolepis Liebm. 3255 | Pomo 200 | m66 109 | 290 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns used to make bread. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 290 |
31958 | Quercus chrysolepis Liebm. 3255 | Shasta 230 | h46 149 | 308 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns pounded, winnowed, leached and made into bread. | Holt, Catharine, 1946, Shasta Ethnography, Anthropological Records 3(4):308, page 308 |
31970 | Quercus douglasii Hook. & Arn. 3256 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 56 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns made into a fine meal, cooked into a mush and allowed to stand and harden into a 'cake.' | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 56 |
31978 | Quercus douglasii Hook. & Arn. 3256 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 342 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Thick acorns used to make bread. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 342 |
31981 | Quercus douglasii Hook. & Arn. 3256 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 142 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns ground into a meal and used to make bread and biscuits. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 142 |
31987 | Quercus douglasii Hook. & Arn. 3256 | Yana 282 | ss43 181 | 249 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorn flour used to make bread. | Sapir, Edward and Leslie Spier, 1943, Notes on the Culture of the Yana, Anthropological Records 3(3):252-253, page 249 |
31992 | Quercus dumosa Nutt. 3257 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 121 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns ground into a fine meal and used to make bread. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 121 |
32008 | Quercus dumosa Nutt. 3257 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 56 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns made into a fine meal, cooked into a mush and allowed to stand and harden into a 'cake.' | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 56 |
32094 | Quercus gambelii Nutt. 3263 | Neeshenam 160 | p74 81 | 374 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns ground into flour, soaked in water and baked to make a bread. | Powers, Stephen, 1874, Aboriginal Botany, Proceedings of the California Academy of Science 5:373-9., page 374 |
32131 | Quercus garryana Dougl. ex Hook. 3265 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 343 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns used to make bread. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 343 |
32136 | Quercus garryana Dougl. ex Hook. 3265 | Pomo 200 | m66 109 | 290 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns used to make bread. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 290 |
32143 | Quercus garryana Dougl. ex Hook. 3265 | Shasta 230 | h46 149 | 308 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns pounded, winnowed, leached and made into bread. | Holt, Catharine, 1946, Shasta Ethnography, Anthropological Records 3(4):308, page 308 |
32149 | Quercus garryana var. semota Jepson 3266 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 56 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns made into a fine meal, cooked into a mush and allowed to stand and harden into a 'cake.' | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 56 |
32180 | Quercus kelloggii Newberry 3270 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 121 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns ground into a fine meal and used to make bread. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 121 |
32195 | Quercus kelloggii Newberry 3270 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 56 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns made into a fine meal, cooked into a mush and allowed to stand and harden into a 'cake.' | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 56 |
32205 | Quercus kelloggii Newberry 3270 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 342 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns used to make bread. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 342 |
32208 | Quercus kelloggii Newberry 3270 | Mewuk 140 | m66 109 | 327 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns used to make bread. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 327 |
32212 | Quercus kelloggii Newberry 3270 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 142 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns ground into a meal and used to make bread and biscuits. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 142 |
32222 | Quercus kelloggii Newberry 3270 | Pomo 200 | m66 109 | 290 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns used to make bread. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 290 |
32223 | Quercus kelloggii Newberry 3270 | Pomo 200 | b52 96 | 67 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns used to make white bread. | Barrett, S. A., 1952, Material Aspects of Pomo Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 20, page 67 |
32232 | Quercus kelloggii Newberry 3270 | Shasta 230 | h46 149 | 308 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns pounded, winnowed, leached and made into bread. | Holt, Catharine, 1946, Shasta Ethnography, Anthropological Records 3(4):308, page 308 |
32239 | Quercus kelloggii Newberry 3270 | Yuki 287 | c57ii 69 | 89 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Nut meats pounded into fine meal, winnowed and made into bread. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1957, Some Plants Used by the Yuki Indians ... II. Food Plants, The Masterkey 31:85-94, page 89 |
32248 | Quercus lobata N‚e 3272 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 56 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns made into a fine meal, cooked into a mush and allowed to stand and harden into a 'cake.' | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 56 |
32253 | Quercus lobata N‚e 3272 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 343 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Large acorns used to make bread. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 343 |
32257 | Quercus lobata N‚e 3272 | Miwok 144 | bg33 100 | 142 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns ground into a meal and used to make bread and biscuits. | Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 142 |
32261 | Quercus lobata N‚e 3272 | Pomo 200 | m66 109 | 290 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Acorns used to make bread. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 290 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );