uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
389 rows where use_subcategory = 17 sorted by source descending
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id | species | tribe | source ▲ | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1862 | Agave sp. 96 | Navajo 157 | b65 195 | 94 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Sharp pointed leaf tips used to make basketry awls. | Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 94 |
15211 | Fraxinus americana L. 1655 | Micmac 141 | sd51 182 | 258 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used to make axe and knife handles. | Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258 |
44664 | Ziziphus obtusifolia var. canescens (Gray) M.C. Johnston 4258 | Havasupai 89 | spier28 164 | 102 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Branch used to make a planting stick. | Spier, Leslie, 1928, Havasupai Ethnography, Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History 29(3):101-123, 284-285, page 102 |
12868 | Echinocactus polycephalus Engelm. & Bigelow 1353 | Panamint 187 | k52 163 | 83 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Thorns formerly used as awls in basket making. | Kirk, R.E., 1952, Panamint Basketry, Masterkey 26(76-86):, page 83 |
19654 | Larrea tridentata var. tridentata 2102 | Panamint 187 | k52 163 | 84 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Lac used to make awl handles. | Kirk, R.E., 1952, Panamint Basketry, Masterkey 26(76-86):, page 84 |
27107 | Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P. 2935 | Koyukon 118 | n83 158 | 49 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make drying racks. | Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 49 |
27287 | Picea sp. 2939 | Eskimo, Alaska 67 | aa80 152 | 34 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Logs and poles used for making kayak parts, tool handles and other utilitarian objects. | Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 34 |
8190 | Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose 757 | Papago and Pima 189 | cb37 151 | 14 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Trunks used to make cactus fruit picking poles. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1937, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest IV. The Aboriginal Utilization of the Tall Cacti in the American South, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5:1-48, page 14 |
40051 | Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don 3951 | Kwakiutl 121 | b66 148 | 8 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used for making implements. | Boas, Franz, 1966, Kwakiutl Ethnography, Chicago. University of Chicago Press, page 8 |
27931 | Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson 2968 | Blackfoot 23 | j87 146 | 18 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Twigs used as twirling sticks in fire making. | Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 18 |
3141 | Amelanchier sp. 214 | Coeur d'Alene 47 | teit28 144 | 91 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make root diggers. | Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 91 |
11434 | Crataegus sp. 1131 | Coeur d'Alene 47 | teit28 144 | 91 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make root diggers. | Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 91 |
26374 | Philadelphus lewisii Pursh 2875 | Coeur d'Alene 47 | teit28 144 | 91 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make root diggers. | Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 91 |
8637 | Ceanothus cuneatus (Hook.) Nutt. 808 | Tubatulabal 269 | v38 137 | 17 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Sharpened twigs used to pierce roasted pinons. | Voegelin, Ermine W., 1938, Tubatulabal Ethnography, Anthropological Records 2(1):1-84, page 17 |
15323 | Fraxinus velutina Torr. 1662 | Hualapai 97 | w82 127 | 25 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood made into long prongs used to pick from saguaro cacti and pinyon pine trees. | Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 25 |
15324 | Fraxinus velutina Torr. 1662 | Hualapai 97 | w82 127 | 25 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make a sharp tool for gathering mescal agave. | Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 25 |
37149 | Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Hook.) Torr. 3586 | Hopi 95 | vest40 126 | 162 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used to make planting sticks and poorer boomerangs. | Vestal, Paul A, 1940, Notes on a Collection of Plants from the Hopi Indian Region of Arizona Made by J. G. Owens in 1891, Botanical Museum Leaflets (Harvard University) 8(8):153-168, page 162 |
37150 | Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Hook.) Torr. 3586 | Hopi 95 | vest40 126 | 162 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used to make planting sticks and poorer boomerangs. | Vestal, Paul A, 1940, Notes on a Collection of Plants from the Hopi Indian Region of Arizona Made by J. G. Owens in 1891, Botanical Museum Leaflets (Harvard University) 8(8):153-168, page 162 |
36923 | Sambucus sp. 3570 | Iroquois 100 | r45i 116 | 99 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Stems made into the shuttle used for weaving. | Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De L'ile Aux Coudres, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:75-111, page 99 |
8969 | Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber (S. Wats.) F.L. Martin 843 | California Indian 25 | m90 111 | 62 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used for digging sticks. | Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, page 62 |
1659 | Aesculus sp. 79 | Mewuk 140 | m66 109 | 325 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make the fire drill. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 325 |
4907 | Aristolochia sp. 375 | Wintoon 281 | m66 109 | 264 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Nuts used by children in play for blowing. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 264 |
8634 | Ceanothus cuneatus (Hook.) Nutt. 808 | Mewuk 140 | m66 109 | 328 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Rods used to make burden baskets, broad shallow scoops and deep spoon shaped scoops with handles. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 328 |
8635 | Ceanothus cuneatus (Hook.) Nutt. 808 | Modesse 145 | m66 109 | 223 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood made into the slender needle used in piercing the ear lobe of young girls. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 223 |
8662 | Ceanothus integerrimus Hook. & Arn. 813 | Mewuk 140 | m66 109 | 328 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Rods used to make burden baskets, broad shallow scoops and deep spoon shaped scoops with handles. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 328 |
8669 | Ceanothus oliganthus Nutt. 815 | Pomo 200 | m66 109 | 288 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make the fire drill. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 288 |
8982 | Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber (S. Wats.) F.L. Martin 843 | Modesse 145 | m66 109 | 223 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used for digging sticks. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 223 |
8983 | Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber (S. Wats.) F.L. Martin 843 | Wintoon 281 | m66 109 | 264 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make digging sticks. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 264 |
15549 | Garrya elliptica Dougl. ex Lindl. 1696 | Yurok, South Coast (Nererner) 290 | m66 109 | 169 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood hardened by fire and used for mussel bars to pry the mussels off the rocks. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 169 |
32211 | Quercus kelloggii Newberry 3270 | Mewuk 140 | m66 109 | 328 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Shoots split into strands and used for twining the rods of baskets and scoops. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 328 |
32875 | Rhus aromatica Ait. 3344 | Modesse 145 | m66 109 | 223 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood made into the large plug used to keep the pierced ear lobe open on young girls. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 223 |
15112 | Frangula purshiana (DC.) Cooper 1648 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 115 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make D-adze handles. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 115 |
22263 | Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. 2391 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 121 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make digging sticks. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 121 |
23726 | Nereocystis luetkeana (Mert.) Post. & Rupr. 2576 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 52 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Bulbs used for curving and molding halibut hooks. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 52 |
39515 | Taxus brevifolia Nutt. 3902 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 75 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make digging and prying sticks, mat pressers and wedges. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 75 |
39516 | Taxus brevifolia Nutt. 3902 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 118 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make digging sticks for harvesting pacific cinquefoil roots. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 118 |
43727 | Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt. 4217 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 87 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Leaves used for trimming the edges of mats. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 87 |
39454 | Taxus brevifolia Nutt. 3902 | Clallam 41 | f80 99 | 195 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make digging sticks. | Fleisher, Mark S., 1980, The Ethnobotany of the Clallam Indians of Western Washington, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 14(2):192-210, page 195 |
5734 | Artemisia tridentata Nutt. 407 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 119 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used for drills, hearths and tinder in the creation of fire by friction. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 119 |
9813 | Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus (Hook.) Nutt. 935 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 115 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Peeled stems used for piercing ears in preparation for wearing earrings. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 115 |
13668 | Ericameria nauseosa ssp. nauseosa var. nauseosa 1454 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 115 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Peeled stems used for piercing ears in preparation for wearing earrings. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 115 |
18820 | Juniperus occidentalis Hook. 2059 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 47 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood hearth board used as a base for a fire drill. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 47 |
26395 | Philadelphus lewisii Pursh 2875 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 77 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Sticks used as digging sticks, one of the principal tools. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 77 |
37170 | Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Hook.) Torr. 3586 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 69 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Twigs used as needles in the manufacture of tule and cattail mats. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 69 |
39080 | Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake 3849 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 112 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Sharpened stem used as a root digging stick. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 112 |
32413 | Quercus sp. 3289 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 35 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Branches used to dig out crowns of the mescal plants. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 35 |
13333 | Equisetum arvense L. 1421 | Shuswap 233 | palmer75 92 | 49 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used as a file. | Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 49 |
1614 | Aesculus californica (Spach) Nutt. 73 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 366 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used as twirling sticks for making fire by friction. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 366 |
4206 | Arbutus menziesii Pursh 322 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 374 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make saw handles and other tools. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 374 |
8979 | Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber (S. Wats.) F.L. Martin 843 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 354 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood formerly used to make tools for digging Indian potatoes and worms out of the ground. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 354 |
15231 | Fraxinus latifolia Benth. 1658 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 378 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make handles and small tools. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 378 |
40414 | Torreya californica Torr. 3966 | Pomo 200 | c02 89 | 305 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Rigid, sharp-pointed leaves formerly used as needles to prick pitch soot into the skin in tattooing. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 305 |
5931 | Arundinaria gigantea (Walt.) Muhl. 417 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 495 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Plant used to make blowing tubes used for working melted silver. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 495 |
8773 | Celtis laevigata Willd. 823 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 489 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Plant used to make squirting tubes. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 489 |
9064 | Chamaecrista fasciculata (Michx.) Greene 857 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 496 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Plant used as a bed for ripening persimmons. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 496 |
10105 | Cladium mariscus ssp. jamaicense (Crantz) Kkenth. 987 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 498 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Plant used to make medicine blowing tubes. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 498 |
10106 | Cladium mariscus ssp. jamaicense (Crantz) Kkenth. 987 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 172 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Stems used to make medicine tubes. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 172 |
23562 | Myrcianthes fragrans (Sw.) McVaugh 2556 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 468 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Plant used to make pestles and axe handles. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 468 |
26619 | Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. 2901 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 495 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Plant used to make medicine blowing tubes. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 495 |
26620 | Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. 2901 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 172 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Stems used to make medicine tubes. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 172 |
32583 | Quercus virginiana P. Mill. 3294 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 493 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Plant used to make pestles and cane mills. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 493 |
36767 | Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli 3566 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 505 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Plant used to make medicine blowing tubes. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 505 |
36768 | Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli 3566 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 172 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Stems used to make medicine tubes. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 172 |
37757 | Serenoa repens (Bartr.) Small 3655 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 504 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Plant used to make fire fans. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 504 |
37960 | Sideroxylon foetidissimum Jacq. 3667 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 494 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Plant used to make pestles. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 494 |
39430 | Taxodium ascendens Brongn. 3899 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 471 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Plant used to make heddles, mortars and pestles. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 471 |
1796 | Agave palmeri Engelm. 93 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 169 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Stalk fashioned into hoe handles. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169 |
1829 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 169 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Stalk fashioned into hoe handles. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169 |
1830 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 169 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Stalk fashioned into hoe handles. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169 |
30038 | Prosopis glandulosa var. torreyana (L. Benson) M.C. Johnston 3155 | Diegueno 65 | hedges86 85 | 32 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make knives for cutting yucca stalks, pottery paddles & tools for digging pottery clay. | Hedges, Ken, 1986, Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany, San Diego Museum of Man Ethnic Technology Notes, No. 20, page 32 |
8972 | Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber (S. Wats.) F.L. Martin 843 | Hopi 95 | c74 82 | 298 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make implements. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 298 |
14802 | Forestiera pubescens var. pubescens 1626 | Hopi 95 | c74 82 | 319 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used for digging stick. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 319 |
18635 | Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. 2058 | Hopi 95 | c74 82 | 330 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used as a rake for clearing brush from the fields. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 330 |
18751 | Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. 2058 | Tewa 257 | c74 82 | 330 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used as a rake for clearing brush from the fields. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 330 |
28075 | Pinus ponderosa var. scopulorum Engelm. 2970 | Hopi 95 | c74 82 | 348 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make kiva ladders. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 348 |
29552 | Populus sp. 3105 | Hopi 95 | c74 82 | 346 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make fire spindle and sometimes the hearth. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 346 |
37151 | Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Hook.) Torr. 3586 | Hopi 95 | c74 82 | 358 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used for planting and lease rods. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 358 |
1593 | Adiantum pedatum L. 71 | Pomo 200 | g67 80 | 11 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Stem inserted in a pierced ear lobe to keep the wound from closing. | Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 11 |
18342 | Juncus balticus Willd. 2038 | Pomo 200 | g67 80 | 12 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used to hold drilled clamshell beads in place when rolled on a stone slab to smooth them. | Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 12 |
8948 | Cercocarpus montanus Raf. 842 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 35 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Dried sticks used as spindles for fire by friction. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 35 |
8949 | Cercocarpus montanus Raf. 842 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 35 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood made into small tools. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 35 |
24616 | Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck 2653 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 56 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Thorns used for needles. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 56 |
24700 | Opuntia imbricata var. imbricata 2662 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 55 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Thorns used as sewing needles and for tattooing. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 55 |
32340 | Quercus pungens Liebm. 3284 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 64 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Twigs used to tie warp of rugs to beam while weaving. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 64 |
32341 | Quercus pungens Liebm. 3284 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 64 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used for tool handles. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 64 |
44122 | Yucca glauca Nutt. 4230 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 76 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Flower stalks used as spindles to start fire by friction. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 76 |
25129 | Ostrya virginiana (P. Mill.) K. Koch 2705 | Malecite 134 | sd52 78 | 6 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used to make utensil handles. | Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1952, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Malecite Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 42:1-7, page 6 |
32077 | Quercus gambelii Nutt. 3263 | Isleta 101 | j31 76 | 41 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make handles and other wooden portions of various implements. | Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 41 |
558 | Acer negundo L. 27 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 62 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make tubes for bellows. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 62 |
5671 | Artemisia tridentata Nutt. 407 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 81 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used in the end of the fire drill. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 81 |
8787 | Celtis laevigata var. reticulata (Torr.) L. Benson 822 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 41 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make tubes for bellows. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 41 |
8954 | Cercocarpus montanus Raf. 842 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 53 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make the handle of the weaving distaff. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 53 |
10293 | Cleome multicaulis DC. 1025 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 51 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Stalks used as a drill to start fires. The brittle stalks, about an inch in diameter were used for the drills which were whirled between the palms of the hands and were made to revolve on the edge of a larger stalk into which a notch had been cut. A pinch of sand was sometimes placed under the point of the drill which caused the wood to become a fine powder. This powder then ran down the notch and formed a little pile on the ground. Smoke was produced in less than a minute and in about two minutes tiny sparks dropped onto the pile of dry powder which took fire from them. By carefully feeding the fire with bits of dried bark and grass and with much blowing, a blaze was produced. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 51 |
12590 | Dipsacus fullonum L. 1316 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 78 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used to card wool. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 78 |
14719 | Fendlera rupicola Gray 1605 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 51 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make weaving forks, planting sticks and knitting needles. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 51 |
16140 | Gossypium sp. 1768 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 62 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Twisted, soaked in mutton tallow and used as a lampwick for soldering. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 62 |
16315 | Gutierrezia sarothrae (Pursh) Britt. & Rusby 1786 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 86 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Stems used for whirls when making fire by friction. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 86 |
18387 | Juncus sp. 2048 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 31 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used as a sandpaper for smoothing bows. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 31 |
27301 | Picea sp. 2939 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 21 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Twigs used as beaters to make a high, stiff, lasting lather of yucca roots and water. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21 |
27638 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 21 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make loom poles, beams and uprights used in the construction of looms. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );