uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
389 rows where use_subcategory = 17 sorted by tribe descending
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id | species | tribe ▲ | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
8183 | Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose 757 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 62 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Ribs used as the larger of the two pieces of twisters used to make rope. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 62 |
8184 | Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose 757 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 69 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Ribs used for the handles of skin scrapers. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 69 |
8185 | Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose 757 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 53 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Ribs used to make several kinds of light tools. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 53 |
14826 | Fouquieria splendens Engelm. 1630 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 51 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Thorns used to pierce the ears of both sexes. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 51 |
19683 | Larrea tridentata var. tridentata 2102 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 20 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Short transverse sticks affixed to poles and used to dislodge saguaro fruits from the shafts. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 20 |
19684 | Larrea tridentata var. tridentata 2102 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 60 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Smooth sticks used as the shuttles in weaving cotton. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 60 |
19685 | Larrea tridentata var. tridentata 2102 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 69 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Stakes used to stake out sheep hides so they can be made more pliable. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 69 |
19686 | Larrea tridentata var. tridentata 2102 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 62 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used as the smaller of the two pieces of twisters used to make rope. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 62 |
19687 | Larrea tridentata var. tridentata 2102 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 59 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make handles for basketry awls. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 59 |
24361 | Olneya tesota Gray 2633 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 31 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Four foot sticks with sharp points used as digging sticks. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 31 |
24362 | Olneya tesota Gray 2633 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 60 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wooden stakes driven into the ground and used for weaving cotton. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 60 |
28647 | Pluchea sericea (Nutt.) Coville 3025 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 59 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used as a spindle for spinning cotton. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 59 |
30118 | Prosopis velutina Woot. 3158 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 32 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Two foot long, sword shaped slabs sharpened and used as weed hoes. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 32 |
12868 | Echinocactus polycephalus Engelm. & Bigelow 1353 | Panamint 187 | k52 163 | 83 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Thorns formerly used as awls in basket making. | Kirk, R.E., 1952, Panamint Basketry, Masterkey 26(76-86):, page 83 |
19654 | Larrea tridentata var. tridentata 2102 | Panamint 187 | k52 163 | 84 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Lac used to make awl handles. | Kirk, R.E., 1952, Panamint Basketry, Masterkey 26(76-86):, page 84 |
5734 | Artemisia tridentata Nutt. 407 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 119 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used for drills, hearths and tinder in the creation of fire by friction. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 119 |
8636 | Ceanothus cuneatus (Hook.) Nutt. 808 | Paiute 183 | stew33 65 | 244 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make digging sticks. | Steward, Julian H., 1933, Ethnography of the Owens Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 33(3):233-250, page 244 |
9813 | Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus (Hook.) Nutt. 935 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 115 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Peeled stems used for piercing ears in preparation for wearing earrings. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 115 |
13668 | Ericameria nauseosa ssp. nauseosa var. nauseosa 1454 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 115 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Peeled stems used for piercing ears in preparation for wearing earrings. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 115 |
18820 | Juniperus occidentalis Hook. 2059 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 47 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood hearth board used as a base for a fire drill. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 47 |
26395 | Philadelphus lewisii Pursh 2875 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 77 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Sticks used as digging sticks, one of the principal tools. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 77 |
37170 | Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Hook.) Torr. 3586 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 69 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Twigs used as needles in the manufacture of tule and cattail mats. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 69 |
39080 | Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake 3849 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 112 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Sharpened stem used as a root digging stick. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 112 |
2563 | Alnus rubra Bong. 172 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 86 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make tool handles and canoe bailers. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 86 |
9133 | Chamaecyparis nootkatensis (D. Don) Spach 860 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 61 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make implements. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 61 |
11121 | Cornus sericea ssp. sericea 1102 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 92 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Stems used to make drying frames for beaver skins. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 92 |
39523 | Taxus brevifolia Nutt. 3902 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 75 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make digging sticks. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 75 |
40187 | Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don 3951 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 63 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make implements. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 63 |
41468 | Ulmus americana L. 4051 | Omaha 177 | g19 17 | 75 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make small mortars and pestles for grinding medicines and perfumes. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 75 |
41565 | Ulmus rubra Muhl. 4052 | Omaha 177 | g19 17 | 76 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make small mortars and pestles for grinding medicines and perfumes. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76 |
41606 | Ulmus thomasii Sarg. 4054 | Omaha 177 | g19 17 | 75 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make small mortars and pestles for grinding medicines and perfumes. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 75 |
3018 | Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer 204 | Okanagon 176 | p52 55 | 39 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make root diggers and other tools. | Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39 |
453 | Acer glabrum Torr. 23 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 59 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make spear handles. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59 |
3014 | Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer 204 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 120 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make digging sticks and seed beaters. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 120 |
6519 | Astragalus miser Dougl. 484 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 28 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Plant used to wipe the juice from the lodgepole pine bark before the cambium was scraped off. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 28 |
6520 | Astragalus miser Dougl. 484 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 105 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used to wipe off the turpentine like juice from the inside of stripped pine bark. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 105 |
6903 | Balsamorhiza sagittata (Pursh) Nutt. 549 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 80 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Leaves wrapped around young boy's feet to practice walking silently and carefully in the woods. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 80 |
17343 | Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim. 1904 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 126 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make digging sticks. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 126 |
26393 | Philadelphus lewisii Pursh 2875 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 108 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make digging sticks. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 108 |
29320 | Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa (Torr. & Gray ex Hook.) Brayshaw 3097 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 134 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Thin board of wood placed at the top of a cradle to flatten a child's head. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 134 |
29645 | Populus tremuloides Michx. 3106 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 134 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Logs used to scrape deer hides. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 134 |
11441 | Crataegus sp. 1131 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 422 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Sharp thorns used for sewing awls on finer work such as buckskin sewing with sinew. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 422 |
31917 | Quercus alba L. 3253 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 418 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood was of much value, especially for making awls to punch holes in birch bark. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 418 |
17337 | Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim. 1904 | Nootka 167 | te82 41 | 72 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Plant used to make needles and harpoons. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 72 |
15112 | Frangula purshiana (DC.) Cooper 1648 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 115 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make D-adze handles. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 115 |
17334 | Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim. 1904 | Nitinaht 166 | g83 3 | 263 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make knitting needles. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 263 |
22263 | Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. 2391 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 121 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make digging sticks. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 121 |
23726 | Nereocystis luetkeana (Mert.) Post. & Rupr. 2576 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 52 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Bulbs used for curving and molding halibut hooks. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 52 |
23727 | Nereocystis luetkeana (Mert.) Post. & Rupr. 2576 | Nitinaht 166 | g83 3 | 206 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Enlarged upper portion of the stipes used as steam boxes for making halibut hooks. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 206 |
39514 | Taxus brevifolia Nutt. 3902 | Nitinaht 166 | g83 3 | 226 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make chest high digging sticks. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 226 |
39515 | Taxus brevifolia Nutt. 3902 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 75 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make digging and prying sticks, mat pressers and wedges. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 75 |
39516 | Taxus brevifolia Nutt. 3902 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 118 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make digging sticks for harvesting pacific cinquefoil roots. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 118 |
43727 | Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt. 4217 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 87 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Leaves used for trimming the edges of mats. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 87 |
8963 | Cercocarpus montanus Raf. 842 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 30 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make tool handles and weaving combs. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 30 |
15221 | Fraxinus cuspidata Torr. 1657 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 39 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make weaving tools. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 39 |
19437 | Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl. 2090 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 47 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used to make pottery scrapers. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 47 |
27669 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 12 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make sharp sticks for perforating buckskin and various other tools. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 12 |
29687 | Populus ?acuminata Rydb. (pro sp.) [angustifolia ? deltoides] 3090 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 22 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used to make fire drills. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 22 |
32092 | Quercus gambelii Nutt. 3263 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 22 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood sticks notched by sheepherders to keep track of the days they have worked. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 22 |
32093 | Quercus gambelii Nutt. 3263 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 22 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make axe handles, hoe handles, digging sticks and weaving tools. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 22 |
35974 | Salix lucida ssp. lasiandra (Benth.) E. Murr. 3539 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 22 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Stem used to make loom frames. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 22 |
44484 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 18 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Cobs used by pottery makers to smooth the pottery. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 18 |
558 | Acer negundo L. 27 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 62 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make tubes for bellows. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 62 |
1862 | Agave sp. 96 | Navajo 157 | b65 195 | 94 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Sharp pointed leaf tips used to make basketry awls. | Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 94 |
5671 | Artemisia tridentata Nutt. 407 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 81 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used in the end of the fire drill. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 81 |
8787 | Celtis laevigata var. reticulata (Torr.) L. Benson 822 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 41 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make tubes for bellows. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 41 |
8954 | Cercocarpus montanus Raf. 842 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 53 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make the handle of the weaving distaff. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 53 |
10293 | Cleome multicaulis DC. 1025 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 51 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Stalks used as a drill to start fires. The brittle stalks, about an inch in diameter were used for the drills which were whirled between the palms of the hands and were made to revolve on the edge of a larger stalk into which a notch had been cut. A pinch of sand was sometimes placed under the point of the drill which caused the wood to become a fine powder. This powder then ran down the notch and formed a little pile on the ground. Smoke was produced in less than a minute and in about two minutes tiny sparks dropped onto the pile of dry powder which took fire from them. By carefully feeding the fire with bits of dried bark and grass and with much blowing, a blaze was produced. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 51 |
12590 | Dipsacus fullonum L. 1316 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 78 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used to card wool. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 78 |
14719 | Fendlera rupicola Gray 1605 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 51 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make weaving forks, planting sticks and knitting needles. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 51 |
16140 | Gossypium sp. 1768 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 62 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Twisted, soaked in mutton tallow and used as a lampwick for soldering. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 62 |
16315 | Gutierrezia sarothrae (Pursh) Britt. & Rusby 1786 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 86 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Stems used for whirls when making fire by friction. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 86 |
18387 | Juncus sp. 2048 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 31 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used as a sandpaper for smoothing bows. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 31 |
27301 | Picea sp. 2939 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 21 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Twigs used as beaters to make a high, stiff, lasting lather of yucca roots and water. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21 |
27638 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 21 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make loom poles, beams and uprights used in the construction of looms. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21 |
29458 | Populus deltoides ssp. wislizeni (S. Wats.) Eckenwalder 3101 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 38 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used to make wooden tubes for the bellows used in silversmithing. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 38 |
29562 | Populus sp. 3105 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 37 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make the frame of the loom. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 37 |
32346 | Quercus pungens Liebm. 3284 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 41 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make batten for weaving. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 41 |
32467 | Quercus sp. 3289 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 40 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Concave hole in wood used as a die to make metallic hemispheres for beads and sunflower blossoms. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40 |
32468 | Quercus sp. 3289 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 40 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used to make batten stick for weaving. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40 |
32469 | Quercus sp. 3289 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 40 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used to make hoes and digging sticks. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40 |
32615 | Quercus ?pauciloba Rydb. (pro sp.) [gambelii ? turbinella] 3250 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 41 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make batten sticks and bows for the baby's cradle. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 41 |
33435 | Ribes cereum var. pedicellare Brewer & S. Wats. 3364 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 52 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make the distaff used in spinning. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 52 |
34275 | Rosa woodsii var. woodsii 3436 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 55 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make needles for leather work. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 55 |
36235 | Salix sp. 3551 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 38 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Branches made into heddle sticks and used in weaving. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 38 |
36236 | Salix sp. 3551 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 38 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Branches made into hoops and used inside the buckskin sack of a bellows. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 38 |
37162 | Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Hook.) Torr. 3586 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 44 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make planting sticks, knitting needles, heddle sticks, distaff handles used in weaving. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 44 |
44258 | Yucca sp. 4236 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 34 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used to make a brush to apply colored clays to pottery. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34 |
44476 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 27 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Cobs used to beat leather while dyeing. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27 |
5662 | Artemisia tridentata Nutt. 407 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 7 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Dead twigs used for a twirling stick in fire making. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 7 |
6226 | Asclepias speciosa Torr. 442 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 7 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | 'Milk' from the broken stems used in cases of emergency for branding stock temporarily. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 7 |
8906 | Cercocarpus ledifolius Nutt. 841 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 9 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Hard, enduring wood used for making 'camas sticks.' | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 9 |
11394 | Crataegus douglasii var. douglasii 1124 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 11 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used for making 'camas sticks' for digging these and other roots. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 11 |
27981 | Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson 2968 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 18 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Twigs used for twirling sticks in fire production. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 18 |
36223 | Salix sp. 3551 | Montana Indian 151 | h92 30 | 67 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make scrapers for removing hair from hides. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 67 |
36563 | Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli 3565 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 23 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used as a twirling stick in fire making. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 23 |
8635 | Ceanothus cuneatus (Hook.) Nutt. 808 | Modesse 145 | m66 109 | 223 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood made into the slender needle used in piercing the ear lobe of young girls. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 223 |
8982 | Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber (S. Wats.) F.L. Martin 843 | Modesse 145 | m66 109 | 223 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used for digging sticks. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 223 |
32875 | Rhus aromatica Ait. 3344 | Modesse 145 | m66 109 | 223 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood made into the large plug used to keep the pierced ear lobe open on young girls. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 223 |
15211 | Fraxinus americana L. 1655 | Micmac 141 | sd51 182 | 258 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used to make axe and knife handles. | Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );