uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
389 rows where use_subcategory = 17 sorted by use_subcategory
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id | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory ▼ | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
9317 | Chamerion angustifolium ssp. angustifolium 882 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 16 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Stem used to draw the pus out of a boil or cut. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 16 |
9574 | Chilopsis linearis (Cav.) Sweet 912 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 53 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Long limbs used as sticks to reach fruits and nuts too high to grasp by hand. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 53 |
9813 | Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus (Hook.) Nutt. 935 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 115 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Peeled stems used for piercing ears in preparation for wearing earrings. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 115 |
10105 | Cladium mariscus ssp. jamaicense (Crantz) Kkenth. 987 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 498 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Plant used to make medicine blowing tubes. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 498 |
10106 | Cladium mariscus ssp. jamaicense (Crantz) Kkenth. 987 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 172 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Stems used to make medicine tubes. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 172 |
10293 | Cleome multicaulis DC. 1025 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 51 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Stalks used as a drill to start fires. The brittle stalks, about an inch in diameter were used for the drills which were whirled between the palms of the hands and were made to revolve on the edge of a larger stalk into which a notch had been cut. A pinch of sand was sometimes placed under the point of the drill which caused the wood to become a fine powder. This powder then ran down the notch and formed a little pile on the ground. Smoke was produced in less than a minute and in about two minutes tiny sparks dropped onto the pile of dry powder which took fire from them. By carefully feeding the fire with bits of dried bark and grass and with much blowing, a blaze was produced. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 51 |
10512 | Comptonia peregrina (L.) Coult. 1055 | Chippewa 38 | gil33 15 | 127 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Sprigs used to sprinkle water on the hot stones of the vapor bath. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 127 |
10767 | Cornus alternifolia L. f. 1088 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 32 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make loom shuttles. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 32 |
10886 | Cornus florida L. 1093 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 32 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make loom shuttles. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 32 |
10931 | Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray 1096 | Thompson 259 | steed28 33 | 496 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make implement handles. | Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 496 |
10933 | Cornus obliqua Raf. 1097 | Iroquois 100 | r45ii 59 | 54 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Branches used to stretch rat skins while drying. | Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 54 |
11037 | Cornus sericea ssp. sericea 1102 | Crow 60 | h92 30 | 21 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Branches used to make forks for sweatlodge rocks. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 21 |
11068 | Cornus sericea ssp. sericea 1102 | Kutenai 120 | h92 30 | 21 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make pelt stretchers. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 21 |
11121 | Cornus sericea ssp. sericea 1102 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 92 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Stems used to make drying frames for beaver skins. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 92 |
11388 | Crataegus douglasii Lindl. 1123 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 258 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Spines used for piercing ears. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 258 |
11389 | Crataegus douglasii Lindl. 1123 | Thompson 259 | steed28 33 | 454 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Spines used to probe ripe boils and ulcers. | Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 454 |
11390 | Crataegus douglasii Lindl. 1123 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 258 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Strong wood used for digging sticks and axe handles. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 258 |
11394 | Crataegus douglasii var. douglasii 1124 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 11 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used for making 'camas sticks' for digging these and other roots. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 11 |
11404 | Crataegus douglasii var. douglasii 1124 | Thompson 259 | steed28 33 | 497 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Spines used as probes for ripe boils and ulcers. | Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 497 |
11430 | Crataegus sp. 1131 | Chippewa 38 | d28 4 | 377 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Thorns used as awls. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 377 |
11434 | Crataegus sp. 1131 | Coeur d'Alene 47 | teit28 144 | 91 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make root diggers. | Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 91 |
11441 | Crataegus sp. 1131 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 422 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Sharp thorns used for sewing awls on finer work such as buckskin sewing with sinew. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 422 |
11887 | Cyperus laevigatus L. 1199 | Hawaiian 90 | a22 68 | 9 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Stem fibers used to remove all impurities in liquids. | Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 9 |
12070 | Dasylirion wheeleri S. Wats. 1237 | Apache, Mescalero 12 | b74 52 | 41 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Stalks dried, split, drilled to make small holes and used as fire drill hearths. | Basehart, Harry W., 1974, Apache Indians XII. Mescalero Apache Subsistence Patterns and Socio-Political Organization, New York. Garland Publishing Inc., page 41 |
12590 | Dipsacus fullonum L. 1316 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 78 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used to card wool. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 78 |
12867 | Echinocactus polycephalus Engelm. & Bigelow 1353 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 27 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Spines used as awls in the making of coiled basketry. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 27 |
12868 | Echinocactus polycephalus Engelm. & Bigelow 1353 | Panamint 187 | k52 163 | 83 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Thorns formerly used as awls in basket making. | Kirk, R.E., 1952, Panamint Basketry, Masterkey 26(76-86):, page 83 |
13122 | Ephedra californica S. Wats. 1401 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 27 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood provided the best charcoal for tattooing. The charcoal was mashed, a little water added and a design made with it on the skin. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 27 |
13138 | Ephedra nevadensis S. Wats. 1403 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 27 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood provided the best charcoal for tattooing. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 27 |
13191 | Ephedra viridis Coville 1407 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 27 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood provided the best charcoal for tattooing. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 27 |
13333 | Equisetum arvense L. 1421 | Shuswap 233 | palmer75 92 | 49 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used as a file. | Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 49 |
13360 | Equisetum hyemale L. 1422 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 204 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Joints pulled apart and used by children to produce a whistling sound. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 204 |
13500 | Equisetum sp. 1428 | Thompson 259 | steed28 33 | 497 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Stems used to sharpen and polish bone. | Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 497 |
13538 | Equisetum telmateia var. braunii (Milde) Milde 1431 | Pomo, Kashaya 202 | gl80 40 | 58 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Leafless, fertile stems used as sandpaper in smoothing arrow shafts and drill shafts. | Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 58 |
13668 | Ericameria nauseosa ssp. nauseosa var. nauseosa 1454 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 115 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Peeled stems used for piercing ears in preparation for wearing earrings. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 115 |
14012 | Eriogonum fasciculatum var. polifolium (Benth.) Torr. & Gray 1507 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 29 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to pierce ears. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 29 |
14719 | Fendlera rupicola Gray 1605 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 51 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make weaving forks, planting sticks and knitting needles. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 51 |
14802 | Forestiera pubescens var. pubescens 1626 | Hopi 95 | c74 82 | 319 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used for digging stick. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 319 |
14803 | Forestiera pubescens var. pubescens 1626 | Hopi 95 | w39 37 | 87 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used for digging sticks. | Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 87 |
14826 | Fouquieria splendens Engelm. 1630 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 51 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Thorns used to pierce the ears of both sexes. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 51 |
15093 | Frangula purshiana (DC.) Cooper 1648 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 71 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make implement handles, especially D-adze handles. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71 |
15112 | Frangula purshiana (DC.) Cooper 1648 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 115 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make D-adze handles. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 115 |
15211 | Fraxinus americana L. 1655 | Micmac 141 | sd51 182 | 258 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used to make axe and knife handles. | Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258 |
15221 | Fraxinus cuspidata Torr. 1657 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 39 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make weaving tools. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 39 |
15227 | Fraxinus latifolia Benth. 1658 | Cowlitz 53 | g73 25 | 45 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make digging sticks. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 45 |
15230 | Fraxinus latifolia Benth. 1658 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 32 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Peeled pole, ten or more feet in length, used to knock down pinyon cones. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 32 |
15231 | Fraxinus latifolia Benth. 1658 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 378 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make handles and small tools. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 378 |
15269 | Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh. 1660 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 23 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make handles and ball bats. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 23 |
15285 | Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh. 1660 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 235 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used for handles of various tools, such as hoes or axes. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 235 |
15323 | Fraxinus velutina Torr. 1662 | Hualapai 97 | w82 127 | 25 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood made into long prongs used to pick from saguaro cacti and pinyon pine trees. | Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 25 |
15324 | Fraxinus velutina Torr. 1662 | Hualapai 97 | w82 127 | 25 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make a sharp tool for gathering mescal agave. | Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 25 |
15393 | Fucus gardneri Silva 1672 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 125 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Plant used with an open fire to steam heat kerfed boards to bend into red cedar bentwood boxes. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 125 |
15549 | Garrya elliptica Dougl. ex Lindl. 1696 | Yurok, South Coast (Nererner) 290 | m66 109 | 169 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood hardened by fire and used for mussel bars to pry the mussels off the rocks. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 169 |
16136 | Gossypium sp. 1768 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 231 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Cotton twisted into thread, braided into a thick cord and used in the strike-a-light. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 231 |
16140 | Gossypium sp. 1768 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 62 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Twisted, soaked in mutton tallow and used as a lampwick for soldering. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 62 |
16160 | Gramineae sp. 1770 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 8 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Bunches placed on trees as trail markers. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 8 |
16161 | Gramineae sp. 1770 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 8 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used as trail markers. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 8 |
16315 | Gutierrezia sarothrae (Pursh) Britt. & Rusby 1786 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 86 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Stems used for whirls when making fire by friction. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 86 |
17313 | Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim. 1904 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 72 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Plant used to make needles for sewing tule and basket sedge. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 72 |
17318 | Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim. 1904 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 288 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make digging sticks. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 288 |
17334 | Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim. 1904 | Nitinaht 166 | g83 3 | 263 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make knitting needles. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 263 |
17337 | Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim. 1904 | Nootka 167 | te82 41 | 72 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Plant used to make needles and harpoons. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 72 |
17343 | Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim. 1904 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 126 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make digging sticks. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 126 |
17351 | Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim. 1904 | Saanich 215 | tb71 23 | 86 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make camas bulb digging sticks and cambium scrapers. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 86 |
17352 | Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim. 1904 | Saanich 215 | tb71 23 | 86 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make knitting needles and cattail mat needles. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 86 |
17354 | Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim. 1904 | Salish 216 | tb73 63 | 288 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make digging sticks. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 288 |
17357 | Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim. 1904 | Salish, Coast 217 | tb71 23 | 86 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make camas bulb digging sticks and cambium scrapers. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 86 |
17358 | Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim. 1904 | Salish, Coast 217 | tb71 23 | 86 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make knitting needles and cattail mat needles. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 86 |
17397 | Hordeum jubatum L. 1908 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 34 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used to rub the skin off yucca stalks. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 34 |
18342 | Juncus balticus Willd. 2038 | Pomo 200 | g67 80 | 12 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used to hold drilled clamshell beads in place when rolled on a stone slab to smooth them. | Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 12 |
18387 | Juncus sp. 2048 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 31 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used as a sandpaper for smoothing bows. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 31 |
18635 | Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. 2058 | Hopi 95 | c74 82 | 330 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used as a rake for clearing brush from the fields. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 330 |
18751 | Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. 2058 | Tewa 257 | c74 82 | 330 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used as a rake for clearing brush from the fields. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 330 |
18763 | Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. 2058 | Zuni 291 | s15 6 | 93 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Shredded, fibrous bark used as tinder to ignite the fire sticks used for the New Year fire. The bark was also used to make firebrands carried by personators of certain gods. | Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 93 |
18820 | Juniperus occidentalis Hook. 2059 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 47 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood hearth board used as a base for a fire drill. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 47 |
19072 | Juniperus sp. 2063 | Apache, Mescalero 12 | b74 52 | 43 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used to make handles for scrapers. | Basehart, Harry W., 1974, Apache Indians XII. Mescalero Apache Subsistence Patterns and Socio-Political Organization, New York. Garland Publishing Inc., page 43 |
19422 | Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl. 2090 | Hopi 95 | w39 37 | 93 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used as pottery scrapers. | Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 93 |
19437 | Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl. 2090 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 47 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used to make pottery scrapers. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 47 |
19594 | Larrea tridentata (Sess‚ & Moc. ex DC.) Coville 2101 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 36 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Gumlike substance gathered into a ball, softened in fire and shaped into awl and knife handles. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 36 |
19595 | Larrea tridentata (Sess‚ & Moc. ex DC.) Coville 2101 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 36 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make a pointed digging stick. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 36 |
19654 | Larrea tridentata var. tridentata 2102 | Panamint 187 | k52 163 | 84 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Lac used to make awl handles. | Kirk, R.E., 1952, Panamint Basketry, Masterkey 26(76-86):, page 84 |
19683 | Larrea tridentata var. tridentata 2102 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 20 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Short transverse sticks affixed to poles and used to dislodge saguaro fruits from the shafts. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 20 |
19684 | Larrea tridentata var. tridentata 2102 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 60 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Smooth sticks used as the shuttles in weaving cotton. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 60 |
19685 | Larrea tridentata var. tridentata 2102 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 69 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Stakes used to stake out sheep hides so they can be made more pliable. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 69 |
19686 | Larrea tridentata var. tridentata 2102 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 62 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used as the smaller of the two pieces of twisters used to make rope. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 62 |
19687 | Larrea tridentata var. tridentata 2102 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 59 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make handles for basketry awls. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 59 |
19874 | Ledum palustre L. 2126 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 16 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used as a switch in the sweathouse. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 16 |
21884 | Mahonia fremontii (Torr.) Fedde 2372 | Hopi 95 | w39 37 | 76 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make various tools. | Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 76 |
22220 | Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. 2391 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 265 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make root digging sticks. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 265 |
22221 | Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. 2391 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 265 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make sledgehammer handles and mallet heads. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 265 |
22224 | Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. 2391 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 73 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make axe handles. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 73 |
22263 | Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. 2391 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 121 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make digging sticks. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 121 |
22273 | Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. 2391 | Quileute 209 | g73 25 | 38 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make mauls for driving stakes. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
22281 | Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. 2391 | Salish, Coast 217 | tb71 23 | 87 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make digging sticks and adze handles. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 87 |
23195 | Monarda fistulosa L. 2504 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 115 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Dried flowerheads used to apply water to a green hide to make it easier to scrape the hide. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 115 |
23536 | Muhlenbergia rigens (Benth.) A.S. Hitchc. 2543 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 42 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Stems used in pierced ears to keep the hole from growing together. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 42 |
23562 | Myrcianthes fragrans (Sw.) McVaugh 2556 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 468 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Plant used to make pestles and axe handles. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 468 |
23726 | Nereocystis luetkeana (Mert.) Post. & Rupr. 2576 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 52 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Bulbs used for curving and molding halibut hooks. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 52 |
23727 | Nereocystis luetkeana (Mert.) Post. & Rupr. 2576 | Nitinaht 166 | g83 3 | 206 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Enlarged upper portion of the stipes used as steam boxes for making halibut hooks. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 206 |
24192 | Nyssa sylvatica Marsh. 2604 | Chippewa 38 | gil33 15 | 138 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make awl handles, mauls and war clubs because it would not split or check. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 138 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );