uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
389 rows where use_subcategory = 17
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id ▼ | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
385 | Acacia greggii Gray 15 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 69 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Curved rods used for fleshing and dehairing animal skins. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 69 |
386 | Acacia greggii Gray 15 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 20 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Short transverse sticks affixed to poles and used to dislodge saguaro fruits from the shafts. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 20 |
387 | Acacia greggii Gray 15 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 69 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Stems peeled of bark and thorns and used to beat sheep hides to make them more pliable. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 69 |
429 | Acer circinatum Pursh 22 | Skagit 241 | g73 25 | 40 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Saplings used to make salmon tongs. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 40 |
436 | Acer circinatum Pursh 22 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 145 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used in making implement handles. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 145 |
438 | Acer glabrum Torr. 23 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 200 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Straight sticks tied around a tree base, ignited and burned until the tree fell. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 200 |
453 | Acer glabrum Torr. 23 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 59 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make spear handles. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59 |
471 | Acer glabrum var. douglasii (Hook.) Dippel 24 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 209 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make axe handles. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 209 |
558 | Acer negundo L. 27 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 62 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make tubes for bellows. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 62 |
1593 | Adiantum pedatum L. 71 | Pomo 200 | g67 80 | 11 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Stem inserted in a pierced ear lobe to keep the wound from closing. | Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 11 |
1614 | Aesculus californica (Spach) Nutt. 73 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 366 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used as twirling sticks for making fire by friction. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 366 |
1622 | Aesculus californica (Spach) Nutt. 73 | Pomo, Kashaya 202 | gl80 40 | 27 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make a drill stick and block for making fires. | Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 27 |
1659 | Aesculus sp. 79 | Mewuk 140 | m66 109 | 325 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make the fire drill. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 325 |
1770 | Agave deserti Engelm. 91 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 31 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Thorns used as awls in basket making. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 31 |
1771 | Agave deserti Engelm. 91 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 31 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Thorns used as tool for tattooing. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 31 |
1796 | Agave palmeri Engelm. 93 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 169 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Stalk fashioned into hoe handles. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169 |
1829 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 169 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Stalk fashioned into hoe handles. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169 |
1830 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 169 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Stalk fashioned into hoe handles. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169 |
1862 | Agave sp. 96 | Navajo 157 | b65 195 | 94 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Sharp pointed leaf tips used to make basketry awls. | Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 94 |
2515 | Alnus rubra Bong. 172 | Karok 105 | b81 70 | 16 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Water soaked stems used for lashing in the sweat house. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 16 |
2563 | Alnus rubra Bong. 172 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 86 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make tool handles and canoe bailers. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 86 |
3014 | Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer 204 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 120 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make digging sticks and seed beaters. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 120 |
3018 | Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer 204 | Okanagon 176 | p52 55 | 39 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make root diggers and other tools. | Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39 |
3056 | Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer 204 | Thompson 259 | p52 55 | 39 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make root diggers and other tools. | Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39 |
3057 | Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer 204 | Thompson 259 | steed28 33 | 496 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make root diggers, handles and other tools. | Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 496 |
3141 | Amelanchier sp. 214 | Coeur d'Alene 47 | teit28 144 | 91 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make root diggers. | Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 91 |
3160 | Amelanchier utahensis Koehne 216 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 222 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make the spindle of the fire drill. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 222 |
3504 | Angelica genuflexa Nutt. 262 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 200 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Hollow stems used to make breathing tubes for hiding under water when in danger. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 200 |
4199 | Arbutus menziesii Pursh 322 | Karok 105 | b81 70 | 17 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Leaves used to test the temperature of pitch used in canoe construction. The pitch was ready to use when the leaf turned black. | Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 17 |
4206 | Arbutus menziesii Pursh 322 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 374 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make saw handles and other tools. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 374 |
4348 | Arctostaphylos columbiana Piper 334 | Pomo, Kashaya 202 | gl80 40 | 69 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used for making tools and awl handles. | Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 69 |
4362 | Arctostaphylos glandulosa Eastw. 335 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 40 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Stems used to make small tools. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 40 |
4363 | Arctostaphylos glandulosa Eastw. 335 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 40 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make awl handles. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 40 |
4367 | Arctostaphylos glandulosa Eastw. 335 | Pomo, Kashaya 202 | gl80 40 | 68 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used for making tools and awl handles. | Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 68 |
4380 | Arctostaphylos glauca Lindl. 336 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 40 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Stems used to make small tools. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 40 |
4381 | Arctostaphylos glauca Lindl. 336 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 40 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make awl handles. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 40 |
4470 | Arctostaphylos pungens Kunth 343 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 40 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Stems used to make small tools. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 40 |
4471 | Arctostaphylos pungens Kunth 343 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 40 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make awl handles. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 40 |
4907 | Aristolochia sp. 375 | Wintoon 281 | m66 109 | 264 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Nuts used by children in play for blowing. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 264 |
5059 | Artemisia douglasiana Bess. 394 | Costanoan 50 | b84 16 | 254 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Burned branches used to smoke bees from nests. | Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 254 |
5246 | Artemisia frigida Willd. 397 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 109 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Plant made into balls and used as molds to make rattles. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 109 |
5369 | Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt. 399 | Cheyenne 33 | h92 30 | 44 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Sprigs used in sweat lodges to sprinkle water on the rocks. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 44 |
5603 | Artemisia tilesii Ledeb. 406 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 17 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used as a steambath switch. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 17 |
5646 | Artemisia tridentata Nutt. 407 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 13 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Bitter wood used as a head scratcher by menstruating women. Any other kind of wood would cause the hair to fall out and the face to wrinkle. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 13 |
5647 | Artemisia tridentata Nutt. 407 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 13 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Tarlike lac gathered into a ball, softened in fire and shaped into awl and knife handles. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 13 |
5648 | Artemisia tridentata Nutt. 407 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 13 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used as preferred material for foreshaft of composite drill for the fire making. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 13 |
5657 | Artemisia tridentata Nutt. 407 | Klamath 115 | c97 66 | 105 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Dead stems used as twirling sticks. | Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 105 |
5662 | Artemisia tridentata Nutt. 407 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 7 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Dead twigs used for a twirling stick in fire making. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 7 |
5671 | Artemisia tridentata Nutt. 407 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 81 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used in the end of the fire drill. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 81 |
5734 | Artemisia tridentata Nutt. 407 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 119 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used for drills, hearths and tinder in the creation of fire by friction. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 119 |
5931 | Arundinaria gigantea (Walt.) Muhl. 417 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 495 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Plant used to make blowing tubes used for working melted silver. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 495 |
6226 | Asclepias speciosa Torr. 442 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 7 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | 'Milk' from the broken stems used in cases of emergency for branding stock temporarily. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 7 |
6367 | Asclepias verticillata L. 448 | Hopi 95 | f96 72 | 18 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used as a planting stick. | Fewkes, J. Walter, 1896, A Contribution to Ethnobotany, American Anthropologist 9:14-21, page 18 |
6519 | Astragalus miser Dougl. 484 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 28 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Plant used to wipe the juice from the lodgepole pine bark before the cambium was scraped off. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 28 |
6520 | Astragalus miser Dougl. 484 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 105 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used to wipe off the turpentine like juice from the inside of stripped pine bark. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 105 |
6779 | Baccharis douglasii DC. 531 | Luiseno 128 | s08 24 | 209 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used for drilling fires. A small hole was made in a flat, extremely dry stick. The drill, a short piece of wood, was inserted into the hole and twirled to form the dust which would ignite if conditions were dry and favorable. No tinder was used. | Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 209 |
6783 | Baccharis emoryi Gray 532 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 246 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make planting sticks. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 246 |
6903 | Balsamorhiza sagittata (Pursh) Nutt. 549 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 80 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Leaves wrapped around young boy's feet to practice walking silently and carefully in the woods. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 80 |
7298 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 5 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make the bow of the fire drill. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
7299 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 5 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make wedges and tool handles. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
7300 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 5 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make wedges. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
8083 | Carex obnupta Bailey 746 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 50 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Sharp edged leaves used by men for shaving. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 50 |
8180 | Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose 757 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 51 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Four needles tied in a row and used as piercing instruments for tattooing. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 51 |
8181 | Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose 757 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 15 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Giant ribs split in two and used as wooden tongs for gathering cholla joints and buds. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 15 |
8182 | Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose 757 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 70 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Perforations bored in sticks and used to smooth rough cords. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 70 |
8183 | Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose 757 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 62 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Ribs used as the larger of the two pieces of twisters used to make rope. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 62 |
8184 | Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose 757 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 69 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Ribs used for the handles of skin scrapers. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 69 |
8185 | Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose 757 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 53 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Ribs used to make several kinds of light tools. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 53 |
8190 | Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose 757 | Papago and Pima 189 | cb37 151 | 14 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Trunks used to make cactus fruit picking poles. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1937, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest IV. The Aboriginal Utilization of the Tall Cacti in the American South, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5:1-48, page 14 |
8224 | Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose 757 | Seri 229 | d44 29 | 136 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Dried plant skeletons used as a straight, slender pole for knocking off ripe fruit. | Dawson, E. Yale, 1944, Some Ethnobotanical Notes on the Seri Indians, Desert Plant Life 9:133-138, page 136 |
8279 | Carya alba (L.) Nutt. ex Ell. 762 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 38 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make tool handles. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38 |
8325 | Carya laciniosa (Michx. f.) G. Don 766 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 38 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make tool handles. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38 |
8394 | Carya pallida (Ashe) Engl. & Graebn. 768 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 38 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make tool handles. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38 |
8634 | Ceanothus cuneatus (Hook.) Nutt. 808 | Mewuk 140 | m66 109 | 328 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Rods used to make burden baskets, broad shallow scoops and deep spoon shaped scoops with handles. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 328 |
8635 | Ceanothus cuneatus (Hook.) Nutt. 808 | Modesse 145 | m66 109 | 223 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood made into the slender needle used in piercing the ear lobe of young girls. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 223 |
8636 | Ceanothus cuneatus (Hook.) Nutt. 808 | Paiute 183 | stew33 65 | 244 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make digging sticks. | Steward, Julian H., 1933, Ethnography of the Owens Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 33(3):233-250, page 244 |
8637 | Ceanothus cuneatus (Hook.) Nutt. 808 | Tubatulabal 269 | v38 137 | 17 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Sharpened twigs used to pierce roasted pinons. | Voegelin, Ermine W., 1938, Tubatulabal Ethnography, Anthropological Records 2(1):1-84, page 17 |
8662 | Ceanothus integerrimus Hook. & Arn. 813 | Mewuk 140 | m66 109 | 328 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Rods used to make burden baskets, broad shallow scoops and deep spoon shaped scoops with handles. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 328 |
8669 | Ceanothus oliganthus Nutt. 815 | Pomo 200 | m66 109 | 288 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make the fire drill. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 288 |
8773 | Celtis laevigata Willd. 823 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 489 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Plant used to make squirting tubes. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 489 |
8787 | Celtis laevigata var. reticulata (Torr.) L. Benson 822 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 41 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make tubes for bellows. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 41 |
8794 | Celtis laevigata var. reticulata (Torr.) L. Benson 822 | Tewa 257 | rhf16 61 | 39 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make handles for axes and hoes. | Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 39 |
8871 | Cercis canadensis var. texensis (S. Wats.) M. Hopkins 838 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 226 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make tool handles. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 226 |
8903 | Cercocarpus ledifolius Nutt. 841 | Klamath 115 | c97 66 | 98 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used as a root digger or Camas stick. | Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 98 |
8904 | Cercocarpus ledifolius Nutt. 841 | Klamath 115 | c97 66 | 98 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make root diggers or camas sticks. | Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 98 |
8906 | Cercocarpus ledifolius Nutt. 841 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 9 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Hard, enduring wood used for making 'camas sticks.' | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 9 |
8948 | Cercocarpus montanus Raf. 842 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 35 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Dried sticks used as spindles for fire by friction. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 35 |
8949 | Cercocarpus montanus Raf. 842 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 35 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood made into small tools. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 35 |
8954 | Cercocarpus montanus Raf. 842 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 53 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make the handle of the weaving distaff. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 53 |
8963 | Cercocarpus montanus Raf. 842 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 30 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make tool handles and weaving combs. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 30 |
8965 | Cercocarpus montanus Raf. 842 | Tewa 257 | rhf16 61 | 45 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make rabbit sticks. | Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 45 |
8969 | Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber (S. Wats.) F.L. Martin 843 | California Indian 25 | m90 111 | 62 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used for digging sticks. | Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, page 62 |
8972 | Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber (S. Wats.) F.L. Martin 843 | Hopi 95 | c74 82 | 298 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make implements. | Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 298 |
8973 | Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber (S. Wats.) F.L. Martin 843 | Karok 105 | sg52 71 | 384 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Hard wood used to make digging sticks. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 384 |
8979 | Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber (S. Wats.) F.L. Martin 843 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 354 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood formerly used to make tools for digging Indian potatoes and worms out of the ground. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 354 |
8982 | Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber (S. Wats.) F.L. Martin 843 | Modesse 145 | m66 109 | 223 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used for digging sticks. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 223 |
8983 | Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber (S. Wats.) F.L. Martin 843 | Wintoon 281 | m66 109 | 264 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make digging sticks. | Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 264 |
9064 | Chamaecrista fasciculata (Michx.) Greene 857 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 496 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Plant used as a bed for ripening persimmons. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 496 |
9102 | Chamaecyparis nootkatensis (D. Don) Spach 860 | Kitasoo 112 | c93 14 | 313 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make adze handles. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 313 |
9133 | Chamaecyparis nootkatensis (D. Don) Spach 860 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 61 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make implements. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 61 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );