uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
170 rows where use_subcategory = 15 sorted by source
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id | species | tribe | source ▼ | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
8255 | Carum carvi L. 761 | Cree, Woodlands 58 | l85 47 | 34 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Seed given to a crying child to quiet him or her. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 34 |
37545 | Scirpus sp. 3614 | Houma 96 | speck41 49 | 60 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Decoction of plant given to nervous, fretful, crying children. | Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 60 |
23151 | Mitchella repens L. 2494 | Menominee 138 | s23 51 | 51 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Infusion of leaves taken 'to cure insomnia.' | Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 51 |
42568 | Valeriana uliginosa (Torr. & Gray) Rydb. 4097 | Menominee 138 | s23 51 | 57 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Plant used as a 'feeble sedative to the nervous system.' | Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 57 |
37635 | Sedum spathulifolium Hook. 3636 | Okanagon 176 | p52 55 | 41 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Infusion of whole plant used as a wash for babies with extreme nervousness. | Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 41 |
37644 | Sedum spathulifolium Hook. 3636 | Thompson 259 | p52 55 | 41 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Infusion of whole plant used as a wash for babies with extreme nervousness. | Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 41 |
18451 | Juniperus communis L. 2054 | Cheyenne 33 | h81 57 | 4 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Infusion of boughs or fleshy cones taken as a sedative. | Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 4 |
18596 | Juniperus horizontalis Moench 2057 | Cheyenne 33 | h81 57 | 4 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Infusion of boughs or fleshy cones taken as a sedative. | Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 4 |
18956 | Juniperus scopulorum Sarg. 2062 | Cheyenne 33 | h81 57 | 4 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Infusion of boughs or fleshy cones taken as a sedative. | Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 4 |
23900 | Nicotiana quadrivalvis var. bigelovii (Torr.) DeWolf 2584 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 43 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Plant used as a soporific. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 43 |
17451 | Humulus lupulus L. 1920 | Mohegan 149 | cw45 62 | 120 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Used in making 'nerve medicine.' | Carr, Lloyd G. and Carlos Westey, 1945, Surviving Folktales & Herbal Lore Among the Shinnecock Indians, Journal of American Folklore 58:113-123, page 120 |
17458 | Humulus lupulus L. 1920 | Shinnecock 231 | cw45 62 | 120 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Used in making 'nerve medicine' and used as a poultice for pneumonia. | Carr, Lloyd G. and Carlos Westey, 1945, Surviving Folktales & Herbal Lore Among the Shinnecock Indians, Journal of American Folklore 58:113-123, page 120 |
15982 | Glaux maritima L. 1750 | Kwakiutl 121 | tb73 63 | 288 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Boiled roots eaten to make one very sleepy. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 288 |
21326 | Lupinus littoralis Dougl. 2293 | Kwakiutl 121 | tb73 63 | 284 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Root ash rubbed into a newborn baby's cradle to make infant sleep well. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 284 |
9826 | Cibotium chamissoi Kaulfuss 938 | Hawaiian 90 | a22 68 | 43 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Very fine, downy hairs burned and the heat applied for nervousness. | Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 43 |
10711 | Cordyline fruticosa (L.) Chev. 1077 | Hawaiian 90 | a22 68 | 49 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Leaves made into a wreath and worn to provide a restful condition of the nerves and body. | Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 49 |
17911 | Ipomoea sp. 1994 | Hawaiian 90 | a22 68 | 35 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Tubers and other plants pounded, resulting liquid strained and taken for lack of sleep. | Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 35 |
28309 | Piper methysticum G. Forst. 2980 | Hawaiian 90 | a22 68 | 17 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Decoction of plant and other plants taken for sleeplessness. | Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 17 |
31767 | Pyrola asarifolia Michx. 3238 | Karok 105 | sg52 71 | 387 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Decoction of plant used as a steam bath for 'goofy' child in the Brush Dance. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 387 |
8642 | Ceanothus fendleri Gray 809 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 62 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Compound infusion taken and poultice of plants applied for nervousness. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 62 |
15170 | Frasera speciosa Dougl. ex Griseb. 1654 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 97 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Plant used for alarm and nervousness. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 97 |
37943 | Shinnersoseris rostrata (Gray) S. Tomb 3662 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 88 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Plant smoked as a sedative. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 88 |
7054 | Berlandiera lyrata Benth. 570 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 33 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Dried roots burned, ground & tossed on hot coals or smoke inhaled for nervousness. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 33 |
14123 | Eriogonum rotundifolium Benth. 1529 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 43 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Infusion of roots used for lightning shock. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 43 |
15713 | Gaura mollis James 1706 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 44 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Fresh leaves used in pillows to overcome insomnia. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 44 |
32754 | Ratibida tagetes (James) Barnh. 3323 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 65 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Infusion of plant used for epileptic fits. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 65 |
22592 | Mentha arvensis L. 2443 | Abnaki 1 | r47 84 | 171 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Used for crying babies. | Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 171 |
6819 | Bacopa caroliniana (Walt.) B.L. Robins. 539 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 237 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Plant used for turtle sickness: trembling, short breath and cough. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 237 |
9456 | Chenopodium ambrosioides L. 895 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 233 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Plant taken & rubbed on the body for lion disease: chest cramps, nervousness & walking continually. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 233 |
17530 | Hydrocotyle umbellata L. 1931 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 237 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Roots used for turtle sickness: trembling, short breath and cough. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 237 |
17531 | Hydrocotyle umbellata L. 1931 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 237 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Whole plant used for turtle sickness: trembling, short breath and cough. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 237 |
19226 | Juniperus virginiana var. silicicola (Small) J. Silba 2065 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 221 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Plant and other plants used as a baby's charm for fear from dreams about raccoons or opossums. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 221 |
24174 | Nymphaea sp. 2600 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 237 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Plant used for turtle sickness: trembling, short breath and cough. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 237 |
24178 | Nymphoides cordata (Ell.) Fern. 2601 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 237 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Plant used for turtle sickness: trembling, short breath and cough. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 237 |
25407 | Panax quinquefolius L. 2733 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 221 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Plant and other plants used as a baby's charm for fear from dreams about raccoons or opossums. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 221 |
26151 | Persea borbonia (L.) Spreng. 2837 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 236 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Infusion of leaves taken and used as a steam for turkey sickness: dizziness or 'craziness.' | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 236 |
26152 | Persea borbonia (L.) Spreng. 2837 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 221 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Leaves with other plants used as a baby's charm for fear from dreams about raccoons or opossums. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 221 |
38861 | Stenandrium dulce (Cav.) Nees 3821 | Seminole 228 | s54 88 | 221 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Plant and other plants used as a baby's charm for fear from dreams about raccoons or opossums. | Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 221 |
30910 | Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr. 3182 | Mendocino Indian 137 | c02 89 | 356 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Inner bark used for nervous excitability. | Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 356 |
22684 | Mentha arvensis L. 2443 | Malecite 134 | mech59 93 | 250 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Infusion of plants used to quiet children suffering from croup. | Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 250 |
9778 | Chrysopsis mariana (L.) Ell. 931 | Delaware 62 | t72 97 | 33 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Infusion of roots used to quiet infants. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 33 |
17437 | Humulus lupulus L. 1920 | Delaware 62 | t72 97 | 31 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Blossoms used for nervousness. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 31 |
17449 | Humulus lupulus L. 1920 | Mohegan 149 | t72 97 | 74, 130 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Infusion of blossoms taken for nervous tension. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 74, 130 |
1384 | Acorus calamus L. 55 | Rappahannock 211 | shc42 102 | 30 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Infusion given to children and babies for fretfulness. | Speck, Frank G., R.B. Hassrick and E.S. Carpenter, 1942, Rappahannock Herbals, Folk-Lore and Science of Cures, Proceedings of the Delaware County Institute of Science 10:7-55., page 30 |
37268 | Sassafras albidum (Nutt.) Nees 3589 | Rappahannock 211 | shc42 102 | 26 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Infusion of root taken as a nerve medicine. | Speck, Frank G., R.B. Hassrick and E.S. Carpenter, 1942, Rappahannock Herbals, Folk-Lore and Science of Cures, Proceedings of the Delaware County Institute of Science 10:7-55., page 26 |
38324 | Solanum nigrum L. 3724 | Rappahannock 211 | shc42 102 | 34 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Weak infusion of dried leaves, poisonous, taken for sleeplessness. | Speck, Frank G., R.B. Hassrick and E.S. Carpenter, 1942, Rappahannock Herbals, Folk-Lore and Science of Cures, Proceedings of the Delaware County Institute of Science 10:7-55., page 34 |
11924 | Cypripedium acaule Ait. 1205 | Penobscot 192 | s17 103 | 310 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Infusion of plant taken for 'nervousness.' | Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 310 |
20454 | Liquidambar styraciflua L. 2210 | Cherokee 32 | w47 105 | 74 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Gum used as a 'drawing plaster' and infusion of inner bark used for nervous patients. | Witthoft, John, 1947, An Early Cherokee Ethnobotanical Note, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 37(3):73-75, page 74 |
44055 | Yucca filamentosa L. 4229 | Cherokee 32 | w47 105 | 75 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Used as a soporific. | Witthoft, John, 1947, An Early Cherokee Ethnobotanical Note, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 37(3):73-75, page 75 |
15965 | Gilia leptomeria Gray 1742 | Navajo, Kayenta 158 | wh51 106 | 38 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Plant used as a soporific. | Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 38 |
18008 | Ipomopsis polycladon (Torr.) V. Grant 2004 | Navajo, Kayenta 158 | wh51 106 | 38 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Plant used as a soporific. | Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 38 |
19920 | Lepidium densiflorum Schrad. 2134 | Navajo, Kayenta 158 | wh51 106 | 24 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Plant rubbed on baby's face to put infant to sleep. | Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 24 |
32607 | Quercus ?pauciloba Rydb. (pro sp.) [gambelii ? turbinella] 3249 | Navajo, Kayenta 158 | wh51 106 | 18 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Plant used for nervousness. | Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 18 |
39803 | Thelypodium wrightii ssp. wrightii 3939 | Navajo, Kayenta 158 | wh51 106 | 25 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Plant tied to cradle bow to make baby sleep. | Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 25 |
5003 | Artemisia campestris L. 388 | Lakota 125 | r80 108 | 35 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Pulverized roots put on sleeping man's face so his horses could be stolen. | Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 35 |
17450 | Humulus lupulus L. 1920 | Mohegan 149 | tan28 110 | 266 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Infusion of blossoms used for nerves. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1928, Mohegan Medicinal Practices, Weather-Lore and Superstitions, SI-BAE Annual Report #43: 264-270, page 266 |
15745 | Gaylussacia sp. 1708 | Chickasaw 35 | t40 115 | 48 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Roots used for delirium. | Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 48 |
23333 | Monarda sp. 2509 | Creek 59 | t40 115 | 54 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Decoction of plant used for delirium. | Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 54 |
31090 | Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium ssp. obtusifolium 3194 | Alabama 3 | t40 115 | 61 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Decoction of plant used as a face wash for nerves and insomnia. | Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 61 |
19902 | Leonurus cardiaca L. 2131 | Iroquois 100 | r45i 116 | 98 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Infusion of dried plant taken as a tonic for nerves. | Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De L'ile Aux Coudres, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:75-111, page 98 |
3554 | Angelica sp. 267 | Creek 59 | swan28 128 | 657 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Roots used for hysterics. | Swanton, John R, 1928, Religious Beliefs and Medical Practices of the Creek Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #42:473-672, page 657 |
14257 | Eryngium yuccifolium Michx. 1551 | Creek 59 | swan28 128 | 655656 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Plant used to produce a feeling of peace and tranquility. | Swanton, John R, 1928, Religious Beliefs and Medical Practices of the Creek Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #42:473-672, page 655656 |
31089 | Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium ssp. obtusifolium 3194 | Alabama 3 | swan28 128 | 663664 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Compound decoction of plant used many ways for nervousness or sleeplessness. | Swanton, John R, 1928, Religious Beliefs and Medical Practices of the Creek Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #42:473-672, page 663664 |
31115 | Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium ssp. obtusifolium 3194 | Creek 59 | swan28 128 | 661 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Decoction of plant tops taken and used as a wash for old people unable to sleep. | Swanton, John R, 1928, Religious Beliefs and Medical Practices of the Creek Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #42:473-672, page 661 |
12232 | Datura wrightii Regel 1244 | Tubatulabal 269 | v38 137 | 59 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Cold infusion of plant taken to fall into a stupor. | Voegelin, Ermine W., 1938, Tubatulabal Ethnography, Anthropological Records 2(1):1-84, page 59 |
16309 | Gutierrezia sarothrae (Pursh) Britt. & Rusby 1786 | Navajo 157 | h56 141 | 151 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Plant used for 'nervousness.' | Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 151 |
15559 | Gaultheria hispidula (L.) Muhl. ex Bigelow 1699 | Anticosti 9 | r46 150 | 68 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Used to facilitate sleeping. | Rousseau, Jacques, 1946, Notes Sur L'ethnobotanique D'anticosti, Archives de Folklore 1:60-71, page 68 |
20549 | Lithospermum canescens (Michx.) Lehm. 2214 | Menominee 138 | d32 176 | 128 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Compound infusion taken and rubbed on body to quiet person near convulsions. | Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 128 |
23675 | Nepeta cataria L. 2574 | Menominee 138 | d32 176 | 132 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Decoction of whole plant, except root, taken to produce restful sleep. | Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 132 |
44341 | Zanthoxylum americanum P. Mill. 4241 | Menominee 138 | d32 176 | 128 | Drug 2 | Sedative 15 | Compound infusion taken and rubbed on body to quiet person near convulsions. | Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 128 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );