uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
607 rows where use_category = 5 sorted by use_subcategory descending
This data as json, CSV (advanced)
id | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory ▲ | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
22313 | Malus pumila P. Mill. 2394 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 55 | Dye 5 | Red-Yellow 289 | Bark used to make a red yellow dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 55 |
32556 | Quercus velutina Lam. 3293 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 425 | Dye 5 | Red-Yellow 289 | Bark used for a reddish yellow dye and to set its own color. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 425 |
13967 | Eriogonum annuum Nutt. 1497 | Lakota 125 | r80 108 | 54 | Dye 5 | White 263 | Blossoms, brains, liver or gall and spleen rubbed into hides to bleach them. | Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 54 |
29360 | Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh. 3098 | Cheyenne 33 | h81 57 | 36 | Dye 5 | White 263 | Brown, gummy leaf buds scratched and used to make a white dye. | Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 36 |
32566 | Quercus virginiana P. Mill. 3294 | Mahuna 131 | r54 5 | 55 | Dye 5 | White 263 | Bark blended with other oak barks and roots and used to make a white dye for buckskins. | Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 55 |
44284 | Yucca whipplei Torr. 4238 | Mahuna 131 | r54 5 | 58 | Dye 5 | White 263 | Pods used for bleaching buckskin fiber a pure white. | Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 58 |
18297 | Juglans nigra L. 2034 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 20 | Dye 5 | Blue-Black 228 | Roots boiled to make a bluish, black dye for buffalo hides. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 20 |
32564 | Quercus virginiana P. Mill. 3294 | Mahuna 131 | r54 5 | 55 | Dye 5 | Gray 217 | Bark blended with other oak barks and roots and used to make a gray dye for buckskins. | Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 55 |
32992 | Rhus glabra L. 3347 | Plains Indian 198 | h92 30 | 55 | Dye 5 | Gray 217 | Leaves, bark and roots used to make a gray dye. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 55 |
25547 | Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch. 2757 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 41 | Dye 5 | Pink 205 | Fruits used as pink paint for skin and feathers worn in war dance. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 41 |
25548 | Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch. 2757 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 41 | Dye 5 | Pink 205 | Fruits used as pink paint for skin and feathers worn in war dance. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 41 |
25549 | Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch. 2757 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 41 | Dye 5 | Pink 205 | Fruits used as pink paint for skin and feathers worn in war dance. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 41 |
2328 | Alnus incana (L.) Moench 168 | Blackfoot 23 | h92 30 | 5 | Dye 5 | Orange 193 | Bark boiled and used as an orange dye. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 5 |
2348 | Alnus incana (L.) Moench 168 | Flathead 76 | h92 30 | 5 | Dye 5 | Orange 193 | Bark boiled and used as an orange dye. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 5 |
2354 | Alnus incana (L.) Moench 168 | Kutenai 120 | h92 30 | 5 | Dye 5 | Orange 193 | Bark boiled and used as an orange dye. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 5 |
2368 | Alnus incana (L.) Moench 168 | Nez Perce 162 | h92 30 | 5 | Dye 5 | Orange 193 | Bark boiled and used as an orange dye. | Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 5 |
2419 | Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia (Nutt.) Breitung 170 | Blackfoot 23 | j87 146 | 32 | Dye 5 | Orange 193 | Decoction of inner bark used to make a orange dye. | Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 32 |
2440 | Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia (Nutt.) Breitung 170 | Klamath 115 | c97 66 | 94 | Dye 5 | Orange 193 | Fresh or dried bark boiled and used as an orange dye for coloring horse hair ropes and cinches. | Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 94 |
2441 | Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia (Nutt.) Breitung 170 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 6 | Dye 5 | Orange 193 | Decoction of inner bark used as an orange dye. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 6 |
2528 | Alnus rubra Bong. 172 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 296 | Dye 5 | Orange 193 | Bark used to make an orange dye. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 296 |
2621 | Alnus sp. 174 | Great Basin Indian 80 | n66 139 | 47 | Dye 5 | Orange 193 | Bark used to make an orange dye. | Nickerson, Gifford S., 1966, Some Data on Plains and Great Basin Indian Uses of Certain Native Plants, Tebiwa 9(1):45-51, page 47 |
2637 | Alnus sp. 174 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 64 | Dye 5 | Orange 193 | Bark steeped in water for an orange dye to color moccasins and to decorate knife handles. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 64 |
2647 | Alnus viridis ssp. crispa (Ait.) Turrill 176 | Eskimo, Alaska 67 | aa80 152 | 35 | Dye 5 | Orange 193 | Bark soaked in water to make a rusty orange dye used to color tanned skins. | Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 35 |
9805 | Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus (Hook.) Nutt. 935 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 84 | Dye 5 | Orange 193 | Flowers boiled with roasted alum and used as a light-orange dye for leather, wool and basketry. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 84 |
11791 | Cuscuta compacta Juss. ex Choisy 1174 | Pawnee 190 | g19 17 | 110 | Dye 5 | Orange 193 | Boiled vines used as an orange dye. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 110 |
17781 | Impatiens capensis Meerb. 1981 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 116 | Dye 5 | Orange 193 | Material placed in pot of boiling plant juice to dye it orange. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 116 |
21966 | Mahonia repens (Lindl.) G. Don 2376 | Great Basin Indian 80 | n66 139 | 47 | Dye 5 | Orange 193 | Plant used to make an orange dye. | Nickerson, Gifford S., 1966, Some Data on Plains and Great Basin Indian Uses of Certain Native Plants, Tebiwa 9(1):45-51, page 47 |
25176 | Oxalis stricta L. 2711 | Meskwaki 139 | smith28 21 | 271 | Dye 5 | Orange 193 | Whole plant boiled to obtain an orange dye. | Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 271 |
32963 | Rhus glabra L. 3347 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 424 | Dye 5 | Orange 193 | Inner bark and central pith of the stem mixed with bloodroot and used for the orange color. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 424 |
33299 | Rhus typhina L. 3355 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 424 | Dye 5 | Orange 193 | Inner bark and central pith of the stem mixed with bloodroot and used for the orange color. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 424 |
34202 | Rosa woodsii Lindl. 3434 | Arapaho 17 | n66 139 | 48 | Dye 5 | Orange 193 | Root used to make an orange dye. | Nickerson, Gifford S., 1966, Some Data on Plains and Great Basin Indian Uses of Certain Native Plants, Tebiwa 9(1):45-51, page 48 |
35380 | Rumex hymenosepalus Torr. 3487 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 43 | Dye 5 | Orange 193 | Dried, ground roots used as a orange dye. The roots were sometimes dried and stored indefinitely. When ready for use, the dried roots were ground. By this aging process, various shades were obtained, from a greyed yellow to a dull red. Several handfuls of the fresh roots boiled in water yield a lemon yellow, and when more of the root was used and boiled longer, a soft orange or orange brown was obtained. If the mixture was boiled in an iron vessel, the reaction formed a red brown or mahogany dye. When mixed with indigo, a green dye was produced. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 43 |
35494 | Rumex venosus Pursh 3496 | Great Basin Indian 80 | n66 139 | 47 | Dye 5 | Orange 193 | Peeled root used to make a burnt orange dye. The procedure involved was described by children at the Wind River Community Day School as follows: 'We break the roots into inch pieces. We then spread them out very thin on papers. We place them in the sun. We let it get very dry. After it is very dry we put it into water. We let it soak for a few days. We then boil it in the water it has soaked in. After it has boiled a long time we put some alum in it. This sets the color.' | Nickerson, Gifford S., 1966, Some Data on Plains and Great Basin Indian Uses of Certain Native Plants, Tebiwa 9(1):45-51, page 47 |
36636 | Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli 3566 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 138 | Dye 5 | Orange 193 | Stems used to make a orange dye. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 138 |
37048 | Sanguinaria canadensis L. 3572 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 426 | Dye 5 | Orange 193 | Fresh or dried roots used as an orange dye to paint faces with clan marks. The roots were used in four or five combinations in dyeing various materials. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 426 |
39796 | Thelesperma subnudum Gray 3935 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 89 | Dye 5 | Orange 193 | Leaves, stems and blossoms used as an orange dye for wool. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 89 |
26901 | Picea glauca (Moench) Voss 2934 | Cree, Woodlands 58 | l85 47 | 48 | Dye 5 | Yellow-Brown 182 | Rotten wood used as a yellow brown dye for white goods. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 48 |
31655 | Purshia stansburiana (Torr.) Henrickson 3230 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 53 | Dye 5 | Yellow-Brown 182 | Pounded leaves and stems mixed with pounded juniper and used to make a yellow brown dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 53 |
35392 | Rumex hymenosepalus Torr. 3487 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 24 | Dye 5 | Yellow-Brown 182 | Root used as a yellow-brown dye for wool. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 24 |
2341 | Alnus incana (L.) Moench 168 | Cree, Woodlands 58 | l85 47 | 27 | Dye 5 | Orange-Red 176 | Decoction of inner bark used as a reddish orange dye for quills. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 27 |
2398 | Alnus incana ssp. rugosa (Du Roi) Clausen 169 | Cree, Woodlands 58 | l85 47 | 27 | Dye 5 | Orange-Red 176 | Decoction of inner bark used as a reddish orange dye for quills. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 27 |
2425 | Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia (Nutt.) Breitung 170 | Cree, Woodlands 58 | l85 47 | 27 | Dye 5 | Orange-Red 176 | Decoction of inner bark used as a reddish orange dye for quills. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 27 |
37018 | Sanguinaria canadensis L. 3572 | Menominee 138 | s23 51 | 78 | Dye 5 | Orange-Red 176 | Boiled root used to dye mats orange red. | Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 78 |
11963 | Dahlia pinnata Cav. 1214 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 85 | Dye 5 | Orange-Yellow 172 | Roots and flowers used as a yellow-orange dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 85 |
17755 | Impatiens capensis Meerb. 1981 | Menominee 138 | s23 51 | 78 | Dye 5 | Orange-Yellow 172 | Whole plant used to make an orange yellow dye. | Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 78 |
32945 | Rhus glabra L. 3347 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 37 | Dye 5 | Orange-Yellow 172 | Spring roots used as a yellow, orange dye. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 37 |
32946 | Rhus glabra L. 3347 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 37 | Dye 5 | Orange-Yellow 172 | Spring roots used as a yellow, orange dye. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 37 |
37009 | Sanguinaria canadensis L. 3572 | Iroquois 100 | r45ii 59 | 44 | Dye 5 | Orange-Yellow 172 | Rhizomes used as a orange/yellow dye for sheets. | Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 44 |
39791 | Thelesperma megapotamicum (Spreng.) Kuntze 3934 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 53 | Dye 5 | Orange-Yellow 172 | Boiled roots used as an orange-yellow dye for wool. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 53 |
8857 | Cerasus crenulata Greene. 836 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 52 | Dye 5 | Purple 161 | Roots used to color wool purple. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 52 |
16681 | Helianthus sp. 1833 | Hopi 95 | w39 37 | 97 | Dye 5 | Purple 161 | Seeds used to make a purple dye for basketry and textiles. | Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 97 |
16685 | Helianthus sp. 1833 | Hualapai 97 | w82 127 | 2 | Dye 5 | Purple 161 | Seeds used to make a purple dye. | Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 2 |
20577 | Lithospermum incisum Lehm. 2216 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 14 | Dye 5 | Purple 161 | Root used to produce a violet colored dye. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 14 |
21167 | Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. 2265 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 63 | Dye 5 | Purple 161 | Mashed berries boiled to make a purple paint. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 63 |
23083 | Mirabilis sp. 2493 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 46 | Dye 5 | Purple 161 | Petals boiled and used as a purple dye for wool. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 46 |
29357 | Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh. 3098 | Cheyenne 33 | h81 57 | 36 | Dye 5 | Purple 161 | Brown, gummy leaf buds scratched and used to make a purple dye. | Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 36 |
30689 | Prunus sp. 3178 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 54 | Dye 5 | Purple 161 | Roots used to make a purple dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 54 |
31666 | Purshia tridentata (Pursh) DC. 3231 | Great Basin Indian 80 | n66 139 | 48 | Dye 5 | Purple 161 | Seed coats used to make a violet dye. | Nickerson, Gifford S., 1966, Some Data on Plains and Great Basin Indian Uses of Certain Native Plants, Tebiwa 9(1):45-51, page 48 |
31675 | Purshia tridentata (Pursh) DC. 3231 | Klamath 115 | c97 66 | 98 | Dye 5 | Purple 161 | Outer seed coat used as a purple stain to produce temporary color on arrows, bows and other objects. | Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 98 |
31678 | Purshia tridentata (Pursh) DC. 3231 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 20 | Dye 5 | Purple 161 | Outer seed coats used to make a purple stain for wood. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 20 |
36637 | Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli 3566 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 138 | Dye 5 | Purple 161 | Berry juice used as a purple dye for basket materials. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 138 |
42160 | Vaccinium ovalifolium Sm. 4082 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 65 | Dye 5 | Purple 161 | Berries and devil's club inner bark boiled to make a purple stain. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 65 |
42940 | Vernonia missurica Raf. 4120 | Kiowa 111 | vs39 140 | 62 | Dye 5 | Purple 161 | Flowers used as a purple dye. | Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 62 |
118 | Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr. 3 | Klamath 115 | c97 66 | 88 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Bark used as a tan dye for buckskin. | Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 88 |
2238 | Allium schoenoprasum var. sibiricum (L.) Hartman 159 | Great Basin Indian 80 | n66 139 | 46 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Bulb skin used as a golden-brown dye. | Nickerson, Gifford S., 1966, Some Data on Plains and Great Basin Indian Uses of Certain Native Plants, Tebiwa 9(1):45-51, page 46 |
2340 | Alnus incana (L.) Moench 168 | Cree, Woodlands 58 | l85 47 | 27 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Decoction or infusion of inner bark used to wash and restore the brown color of old moccasins. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 27 |
2378 | Alnus incana (L.) Moench 168 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 116 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Bark used to obtain a brown dye. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 116 |
2397 | Alnus incana ssp. rugosa (Du Roi) Clausen 169 | Cree, Woodlands 58 | l85 47 | 27 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Decoction or infusion of inner bark used to wash and restore the brown color of old moccasins. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 27 |
2424 | Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia (Nutt.) Breitung 170 | Cree, Woodlands 58 | l85 47 | 27 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Decoction or infusion of inner bark used to wash and restore the brown color of old moccasins. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 27 |
2443 | Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia (Nutt.) Breitung 170 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 39 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Bark and twigs used as a brownish dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 39 |
2444 | Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia (Nutt.) Breitung 170 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 39 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Powdered bark used as a tan dye. A dull reddish dye was made from the alder and several other plants. The woman first burned some of the twigs of the juniper or spruce then crushed and boiled the root bark of the mountain mahogany. Only the bark was used because the roots themselves contain no color bearing material. To this was added the powdered bark of the alder together with a ground lichen. This was put together and boiled until it was thought to be right, then it was strained and the wool or yarn was soaked in it overnight. This produced a dull reddish color on wool and a fine tan color on buckskin. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 39 |
2527 | Alnus rubra Bong. 172 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 296 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Bark used to make a brown dye. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 296 |
2548 | Alnus rubra Bong. 172 | Nitinaht 166 | g83 3 | 243 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Bark used as a brown dye for baskets. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 243 |
2588 | Alnus rubra Bong. 172 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 188 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Bark boiled in water to make a brown dye and used for mountain goat wool, cloth and other items. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 188 |
2654 | Alnus viridis ssp. crispa (Ait.) Turrill 176 | Iroquois 100 | r45i 116 | 84 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Used as a brown dye for wool. | Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De L'ile Aux Coudres, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:75-111, page 84 |
2655 | Alnus viridis ssp. crispa (Ait.) Turrill 176 | Iroquois 100 | r45i 116 | 84 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Used as a brown dye for wool. | Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De L'ile Aux Coudres, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:75-111, page 84 |
4580 | Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. 347 | Great Basin Indian 80 | n66 139 | 49 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Berries used to make a gray-brown dye. | Nickerson, Gifford S., 1966, Some Data on Plains and Great Basin Indian Uses of Certain Native Plants, Tebiwa 9(1):45-51, page 49 |
7135 | Betula occidentalis Hook. 579 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 89 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Inner bark used to make a brown dye. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 89 |
7261 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 89 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Inner bark used to make a brown dye. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 89 |
8415 | Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh. 774 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 29 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Bark used to make a brown dye. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 29 |
8960 | Cercocarpus montanus Raf. 842 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 30 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Decoction of root bark used as a brown dye for buckskin and wool. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 30 |
10929 | Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray 1096 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 204 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Bark boiled to make an intense brown dye & used to color bitter cherry bark for imbricating baskets. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 204 |
11032 | Cornus sericea ssp. sericea 1102 | Cree, Woodlands 58 | l85 47 | 36 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Infusion of outer bark used to color leather from tan to brown. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 36 |
13194 | Ephedra viridis Coville 1407 | Navajo 157 | l86 121 | 19 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Twigs and leaves boiled with alum and used as a light tan dye. | Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 19 |
18176 | Juglans cinerea L. 2031 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 61 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Bark used to make a brown dye. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 61 |
18184 | Juglans cinerea L. 2031 | Chippewa 38 | gil33 15 | 127 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Root bark used to make a brown dye which did not need a mordant. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 127 |
18218 | Juglans cinerea L. 2031 | Menominee 138 | s23 51 | 78 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Juice of nut husk used as a brown dye for deerskin shirts. | Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 78 |
18223 | Juglans cinerea L. 2031 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 425 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Nut hulls used as best brown dye, because it was attained from the tree at any time of the year. Butternut was usually used in other combinations for brown and black colors. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 425 |
18238 | Juglans major (Torr.) Heller 2033 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 39 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Nut hulls used as a golden brown dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 39 |
18239 | Juglans major (Torr.) Heller 2033 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 39 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Young twigs used as a light brown dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 39 |
18249 | Juglans nigra L. 2034 | Cherokee 32 | hc75 1 | 61 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Bark, roots and husks used to make a brown dye. | Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 61 |
18258 | Juglans nigra L. 2034 | Chippewa 38 | gil33 15 | 127 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Bark used to make a dark brown dye. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 127 |
18320 | Juglans regia L. 2035 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 39 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Nut hulls used as a golden brown dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 39 |
19330 | Krameria grayi Rose & Painter 2079 | Pima 193 | c49 11 | 91 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Dry roots ground, boiled in water and used as a brown dye for basket making. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 91 |
19802 | Ledum groenlandicum Oeder 2125 | Iroquois 100 | r45i 116 | 96 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Plant used as a dark brown dye for wool. | Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De L'ile Aux Coudres, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:75-111, page 96 |
19842 | Ledum groenlandicum Oeder 2125 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 120 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Leaves used to make a beverage and also used as a brown dye material. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 120 |
23082 | Mirabilis sp. 2493 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 46 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Petals boiled and used as a light brown dye for wool. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 46 |
23567 | Myrica gale L. 2557 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 425 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | In the fall, the branch tips grow into an abortive scale and boiled to yield a brown dye stuff. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 425 |
26769 | Physocarpus capitatus (Pursh) Kuntze 2927 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 73 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Bark soaked with cedar bark to darken the cedar. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 73 |
31316 | Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii 3201 | Swinomish 253 | g73 25 | 19 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Bark boiled and used on fish nets as a light brown dye to make them invisible to the fish. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19 |
Advanced export
JSON shape: default, array, newline-delimited, object
CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );