uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
607 rows where use_category = 5 sorted by rawsource
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id | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource ▼ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
11026 | Cornus sericea ssp. sericea 1102 | Chippewa 38 | d28 4 | 374 | Dye 5 | Yellow 72 | Used with bloodroot and wild plum to make a yellow dye. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 374 |
30238 | Prunus americana Marsh. 3160 | Chippewa 38 | d28 4 | 374 | Dye 5 | Mordant 105 | Inner bark scraped and used to set the color of a yellow dye. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 374 |
30240 | Prunus americana Marsh. 3160 | Chippewa 38 | d28 4 | 374 | Dye 5 | Yellow 72 | Single handful of shredded roots boiled with bloodroot to make a dark yellow dye. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 374 |
32924 | Rhus glabra L. 3347 | Chippewa 38 | d28 4 | 374 | Dye 5 | Yellow 72 | Inner bark, bloodroot and wild plum inner bark used to make a yellow dye. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 374 |
36947 | Sanguinaria canadensis L. 3572 | Chippewa 38 | d28 4 | 374 | Dye 5 | Yellow 72 | Double handful of shredded roots boiled with wild plum roots to make a dark yellow dye. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 374 |
19111 | Juniperus sp. 2063 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 17 | Dye 5 | Bark, berries and twigs used for dye purposes. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 17 | |
18674 | Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. 2058 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 19 | Dye 5 | Green 121 | Bark and berries used as a green dye for wool. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 19 |
18773 | Juniperus occidentalis Hook. 2059 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 19 | Dye 5 | Red 136 | Wood ash, mountain mahogany and black alder used as a red dye for buckskin. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 19 |
27607 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 21 | Dye 5 | Black 108 | Gum used to make black dye. A black dye was made from pinyon gum, the leaves and twigs of sumac and a native yellow ocher. The sumac leaves were put in water and allowed to boil until the mixture became strong. While this was boiling, the ocher was powdered and roasted. Pinyon gum was then added to the ocher and the whole roasted again. As roasting proceeded, the gum melted and finally the mixture was reduced to a black powder. This was cooled and thrown into the sumac mixture, forming a rich blue-black fluid which was essentially an ink. When this process was finished the wool was put in and allowed to boil until it was dyed the right shade. This same dye was also used to color leather and buckskin. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21 |
2270 | Allium sp. 160 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 32 | Dye 5 | Green 121 | Used for a green dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 32 |
18056 | Iris sp. 2013 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 37 | Dye 5 | Green 121 | Used to make a green dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 37 |
2367 | Alnus incana (L.) Moench 168 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 39 | Dye 5 | Red 136 | Powdered bark used as a reddish dye. A dull reddish dye was made from the alder and several other plants. The woman first burned some of the twigs of the juniper or spruce then crushed and boiled the root bark of the mountain mahogany. Only the bark was used because the roots themselves contain no color bearing material. To this was added the powdered bark of the alder together with a ground lichen. This was put together and boiled until it was thought to be right, then it was strained and the wool or yarn was soaked in it overnight. This produced a dull reddish color on wool and a fine tan color on buckskin. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 39 |
2443 | Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia (Nutt.) Breitung 170 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 39 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Bark and twigs used as a brownish dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 39 |
2444 | Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia (Nutt.) Breitung 170 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 39 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Powdered bark used as a tan dye. A dull reddish dye was made from the alder and several other plants. The woman first burned some of the twigs of the juniper or spruce then crushed and boiled the root bark of the mountain mahogany. Only the bark was used because the roots themselves contain no color bearing material. To this was added the powdered bark of the alder together with a ground lichen. This was put together and boiled until it was thought to be right, then it was strained and the wool or yarn was soaked in it overnight. This produced a dull reddish color on wool and a fine tan color on buckskin. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 39 |
2445 | Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia (Nutt.) Breitung 170 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 39 | Dye 5 | Red 136 | Powdered bark used as a reddish dye. A dull reddish dye was made from the alder and several other plants. The woman first burned some of the twigs of the juniper or spruce then crushed and boiled the root bark of the mountain mahogany. Only the bark was used because the roots themselves contain no color bearing material. To this was added the powdered bark of the alder together with a ground lichen. This was put together and boiled until it was thought to be right, then it was strained and the wool or yarn was soaked in it overnight. This produced a dull reddish color on wool and a fine tan color on buckskin. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 39 |
18238 | Juglans major (Torr.) Heller 2033 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 39 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Nut hulls used as a golden brown dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 39 |
18239 | Juglans major (Torr.) Heller 2033 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 39 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Young twigs used as a light brown dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 39 |
18320 | Juglans regia L. 2035 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 39 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Nut hulls used as a golden brown dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 39 |
8785 | Celtis laevigata var. reticulata (Torr.) L. Benson 822 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 41 | Dye 5 | Red-Brown 127 | Leaves and branches boiled into a dark brown or red dye for wool. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 41 |
32342 | Quercus pungens Liebm. 3284 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 41 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Bark exudation used as a tan dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 41 |
6627 | Atriplex canescens (Pursh) Nutt. 503 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 43 | Dye 5 | Yellow 72 | Leaves and twigs used in coloring wool yellow. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 43 |
35377 | Rumex hymenosepalus Torr. 3487 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 43 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Dried, ground roots used as a brown dye. The roots were sometimes dried and stored indefinitely. When ready for use, the dried roots were ground. By this aging process, various shades were obtained, from a greyed yellow to a dull red. Several handfuls of the fresh roots boiled in water yield a lemon yellow, and when more of the root was used and boiled longer, a soft orange or orange brown was obtained. If the mixture was boiled in an iron vessel, the reaction formed a red brown or mahogany dye. When mixed with indigo, a green dye was produced. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 43 |
35379 | Rumex hymenosepalus Torr. 3487 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 43 | Dye 5 | Green 121 | Dried, ground roots used as a green dye. The roots were sometimes dried and stored indefinitely. When ready for use, the dried roots were ground. By this aging process, various shades were obtained, from a greyed yellow to a dull red. Several handfuls of the fresh roots boiled in water yield a lemon yellow, and when more of the root was used and boiled longer, a soft orange or orange brown was obtained. If the mixture was boiled in an iron vessel, the reaction formed a red brown or mahogany dye. When mixed with indigo, a green dye was produced. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 43 |
35380 | Rumex hymenosepalus Torr. 3487 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 43 | Dye 5 | Orange 193 | Dried, ground roots used as a orange dye. The roots were sometimes dried and stored indefinitely. When ready for use, the dried roots were ground. By this aging process, various shades were obtained, from a greyed yellow to a dull red. Several handfuls of the fresh roots boiled in water yield a lemon yellow, and when more of the root was used and boiled longer, a soft orange or orange brown was obtained. If the mixture was boiled in an iron vessel, the reaction formed a red brown or mahogany dye. When mixed with indigo, a green dye was produced. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 43 |
35381 | Rumex hymenosepalus Torr. 3487 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 43 | Dye 5 | Red 136 | Dried, ground roots used as a red dye. The roots were sometimes dried and stored indefinitely. When ready for use, the dried roots were ground. By this aging process, various shades were obtained, from a greyed yellow to a dull red. Several handfuls of the fresh roots boiled in water yield a lemon yellow, and when more of the root was used and boiled longer, a soft orange or orange brown was obtained. If the mixture was boiled in an iron vessel, the reaction formed a red brown or mahogany dye. When mixed with indigo, a green dye was produced. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 43 |
35382 | Rumex hymenosepalus Torr. 3487 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 43 | Dye 5 | Yellow 72 | Dried, ground roots used as a yellow dye. The roots were sometimes dried and stored indefinitely. When ready for use, the dried roots were ground. By this aging process, various shades were obtained, from a greyed yellow to a dull red. Several handfuls of the fresh roots boiled in water yield a lemon yellow, and when more of the root was used and boiled longer, a soft orange or orange brown was obtained. If the mixture was boiled in an iron vessel, the reaction formed a red brown or mahogany dye. When mixed with indigo, a green dye was produced. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 43 |
35383 | Rumex hymenosepalus Torr. 3487 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 43 | Dye 5 | Yellow 72 | Fresh, crushed roots mixed with alum, made into soft paste and rubbed into wool as a gold dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 43 |
23082 | Mirabilis sp. 2493 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 46 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Petals boiled and used as a light brown dye for wool. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 46 |
23083 | Mirabilis sp. 2493 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 46 | Dye 5 | Purple 161 | Petals boiled and used as a purple dye for wool. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 46 |
23084 | Mirabilis sp. 2493 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 46 | Dye 5 | Red 136 | Petals boiled for about fifteen minutes and used as a light red dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 46 |
23085 | Mirabilis sp. 2493 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 46 | Dye 5 | Yellow 72 | Petals boiled for about fifteen minutes and used as a muddy yellow dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 46 |
12312 | Delphinium scaposum Greene 1257 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 47 | Dye 5 | Blue 55 | Petals used to make blue dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 47 |
21891 | Mahonia fremontii (Torr.) Fedde 2372 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 48 | Dye 5 | Yellow 72 | Roots and bark used as a yellow dye for buckskin. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 48 |
8857 | Cerasus crenulata Greene. 836 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 52 | Dye 5 | Purple 161 | Roots used to color wool purple. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 52 |
17047 | Heuchera bracteata (Torr.) Ser. 1867 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 52 | Dye 5 | Red-Brown 127 | Stems used to make a pinkish tan dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 52 |
31654 | Purshia stansburiana (Torr.) Henrickson 3230 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 53 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Pounded leaves and stems mixed with pounded juniper and used to make a tan dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 53 |
31655 | Purshia stansburiana (Torr.) Henrickson 3230 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 53 | Dye 5 | Yellow-Brown 182 | Pounded leaves and stems mixed with pounded juniper and used to make a yellow brown dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 53 |
30275 | Prunus americana Marsh. 3160 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 54 | Dye 5 | Red 136 | Roots used as a red dye for wool. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 54 |
30541 | Prunus persica (L.) Batsch 3173 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 54 | Dye 5 | Yellow 72 | Leaves used as a yellow dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 54 |
30688 | Prunus sp. 3178 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 54 | Dye 5 | Green 121 | Fruits used to make a green dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 54 |
30689 | Prunus sp. 3178 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 54 | Dye 5 | Purple 161 | Roots used to make a purple dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 54 |
22313 | Malus pumila P. Mill. 2394 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 55 | Dye 5 | Red-Yellow 289 | Bark used to make a red yellow dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 55 |
21332 | Lupinus lyallii Gray 2295 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 57 | Dye 5 | Blue 55 | Flowers used to make a blue dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 57 |
21333 | Lupinus lyallii Gray 2295 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 57 | Dye 5 | Green 121 | Used to make a green dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 57 |
33179 | Rhus trilobata Nutt. 3352 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 60 | Dye 5 | Black 108 | Leaves used to make black dye for baskets and leather. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 60 |
33180 | Rhus trilobata Nutt. 3352 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 60 | Dye 5 | Blue 55 | Used to make a blue dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 60 |
33181 | Rhus trilobata Nutt. 3352 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 60 | Dye 5 | Mordant 105 | Ashes used in setting dyes. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 60 |
24761 | Opuntia polyacantha Haw. 2667 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 65 | Dye 5 | Red 136 | Dead, ripe fruits used to make a cardinal dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 65 |
24762 | Opuntia polyacantha Haw. 2667 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 65 | Dye 5 | Red 136 | Fruit used to dye wool pink. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 65 |
15562 | Gaultheria humifusa (Graham) Rydb. 1700 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 68 | Dye 5 | Black 108 | Used to make a black dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 68 |
5543 | Artemisia sp. 404 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 81 | Dye 5 | Yellow 72 | Leaves used to make a soft yellow dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 81 |
9797 | Chrysothamnus sp. 934 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 83 | Dye 5 | Yellow 72 | Used as a yellow dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 83 |
13627 | Ericameria nauseosa ssp. nauseosa var. glabrata (Gray) Nesom & Baird 1451 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 83 | Dye 5 | Green 121 | Immature flowers, leaves or green bark boiled with heated alum and used as a green dye for wool. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 83 |
13628 | Ericameria nauseosa ssp. nauseosa var. glabrata (Gray) Nesom & Baird 1451 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 83 | Dye 5 | Yellow 72 | Mature flowering tops boiled with heated alum and used as a yellow dye for wool. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 83 |
13636 | Ericameria nauseosa ssp. nauseosa var. latisquamea (Gray) Nesom & Baird 1453 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 83 | Dye 5 | Yellow 72 | Twigs and flowers used as a yellow dye for wool. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 83 |
9805 | Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus (Hook.) Nutt. 935 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 84 | Dye 5 | Orange 193 | Flowers boiled with roasted alum and used as a light-orange dye for leather, wool and basketry. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 84 |
9806 | Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus (Hook.) Nutt. 935 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 84 | Dye 5 | Yellow 72 | Flowers boiled with roasted alum and used as a yellow dye for leather, wool and basketry. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 84 |
11963 | Dahlia pinnata Cav. 1214 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 85 | Dye 5 | Orange-Yellow 172 | Roots and flowers used as a yellow-orange dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 85 |
16312 | Gutierrezia sarothrae (Pursh) Britt. & Rusby 1786 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 86 | Dye 5 | Yellow 72 | Tops used to make a yellow dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 86 |
16596 | Helianthus annuus L. 1821 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 87 | Dye 5 | Red 136 | Outer seed coatings boiled and used as a dull, dark red dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 87 |
17600 | Hymenoxys hoopesii (Gray) Bierner 1951 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 87 | Dye 5 | Yellow 72 | Crushed flowers boiled with juniper ash and used as a yellow dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 87 |
17609 | Hymenoxys richardsonii var. floribunda (Gray) Parker 1953 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 88 | Dye 5 | Yellow 72 | Flowers used as a yellow dye for wool. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 88 |
26224 | Petradoria pumila (Nutt.) Greene 2845 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 89 | Dye 5 | Yellow 72 | Flowering tops mixed with wild rhubarb and used as a yellow dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 89 |
39796 | Thelesperma subnudum Gray 3935 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 89 | Dye 5 | Orange 193 | Leaves, stems and blossoms used as an orange dye for wool. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 89 |
39779 | Thelesperma megapotamicum (Spreng.) Kuntze 3934 | Hopi 95 | f96 72 | 15 | Dye 5 | Red-Brown 127 | Flowers used as a reddish brown dye for basket making yucca fibers. | Fewkes, J. Walter, 1896, A Contribution to Ethnobotany, American Anthropologist 9:14-21, page 15 |
40948 | Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg. 4043 | Clallam 41 | f80 99 | 195 | Dye 5 | Red-Brown 127 | Bark boiled and used to make a reddish-brown dye. | Fleisher, Mark S., 1980, The Ethnobotany of the Clallam Indians of Western Washington, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 14(2):192-210, page 195 |
40456 | Toxicodendron diversilobum (Torr. & Gray) Greene 3972 | Pomo 200 | g67 80 | 14 | Dye 5 | Black 108 | Ashes rubbed on children to make skin color darker. The ashes were rubbed on those children who were fathered by a white man to make them look more 'Indian' in color. | Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 14 |
40457 | Toxicodendron diversilobum (Torr. & Gray) Greene 3972 | Pomo 200 | g67 80 | 14 | Dye 5 | Black 108 | Charcoal or soot used for tattoo pigment. | Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 14 |
41924 | Usnea sp. 4064 | Makah 133 | g83 3 | 211 | Dye 5 | Yellow 72 | Used as a source of yellow dye. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 211 |
41041 | Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg. 4043 | Nitinaht 166 | g83 3 | 238 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Bark used as a brown dye for basketry material and gill nets 'so the fish won't see it.' | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 238 |
2548 | Alnus rubra Bong. 172 | Nitinaht 166 | g83 3 | 243 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Bark used as a brown dye for baskets. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 243 |
41706 | Urtica dioica L. 4058 | Makah 133 | g83 3 | 246 | Dye 5 | Green 121 | Leaves rubbed on fishing line to give it a green color or used as medicine for good fishing. An informant said, 'As a child I saw my father when he'd take this halibut line, fish line, and he'd tighten it from one end of the yard to the other, while it was being stretched like that, otherwise they coil and tangle you know. He'd take a handful of those leaves and he'd rub it along the line and it gave it kind of a green color. I don't know if that was just for the color or if he thought there was some medicine in it or something, for good fishing or something. Might have been just to tint the line.' | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 246 |
21834 | Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. 2370 | Makah 133 | g83 3 | 254 | Dye 5 | Yellow 72 | Roots or possibly the leaves used for yellow dye. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 254 |
21909 | Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt. 2374 | Makah 133 | g83 3 | 254 | Dye 5 | Yellow 72 | Roots or possibly the leaves used for yellow dye. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 254 |
5903 | Aruncus dioicus var. vulgaris (Maxim.) Hara 416 | Makah 133 | g83 3 | 261 | Dye 5 | Roots used to make dye. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 261 | |
21185 | Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. 2265 | Makah 133 | g83 3 | 317 | Dye 5 | Fruit used as a dye for basketry materials. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 317 | |
661 | Acer saccharinum L. 34 | Omaha 177 | g13ii 154 | 324 | Dye 5 | Black 108 | Twigs and bark made into a black dye and used in tanning leather. The twigs and bark of new growth were boiled with water. A clay which contained iron was mixed with grease and then roasted; then it was mixed with the boiled twig and bark water. Tanned hides were soaked in this solution for two or three days to get the right color; treatment for a shorter period of time resulted in a brownish color and for a longer time resulted in black. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 324 |
29412 | Populus deltoides ssp. monilifera (Ait.) Eckenwalder 3100 | Omaha 177 | g13ii 154 | 324 | Dye 5 | Yellow 72 | Leaf buds used to make a yellow dye. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 324 |
32387 | Quercus rubra L. 3285 | Omaha 177 | g13ii 154 | 325 | Dye 5 | Black 108 | Bark used to make a black dye for porcupine quills. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 325 |
32982 | Rhus glabra L. 3347 | Omaha 177 | g13ii 154 | 325 | Dye 5 | Yellow 72 | Inner bark used to make a yellow dye. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 325 |
18263 | Juglans nigra L. 2034 | Dakota 61 | g13i 91 | 367 | Dye 5 | Black 108 | Roots used to make a black dye. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 367 |
33105 | Rhus trilobata Nutt. 3352 | Dakota 61 | g13i 91 | 367 | Dye 5 | Mordant 105 | Fruits used for the mordant effect. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 367 |
33106 | Rhus trilobata Nutt. 3352 | Dakota 61 | g13i 91 | 367 | Dye 5 | Red 136 | Ripe, red fruits boiled with another plant to make a red dye. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 367 |
662 | Acer saccharinum L. 34 | Omaha 177 | g19 17 | 100 | Dye 5 | Black 108 | Twigs and bark made into a black dye and used to color tanned hides. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 100 |
666 | Acer saccharinum L. 34 | Winnebago 280 | g19 17 | 100 | Dye 5 | Black 108 | Twigs and bark made into a black dye and used to color tanned hides. The twigs and bark of new growth were boiled with water. A clay which contained iron was mixed with grease and then roasted; then it was mixed with the boiled twig and bark water. Tanned hides were soaked in this solution for two or three days to get the right color; treatment for a shorter period of time resulted in a brownish color and for a longer time resulted in black. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 100 |
24669 | Opuntia humifusa (Raf.) Raf. 2661 | Dakota 61 | g19 17 | 104 | Dye 5 | Mordant 105 | Mucilaginous stem juice used to fix the colors painted on hides or receptacles made from hides. Freshly peeled stems were rubbed over the painted object to fix the color. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 104 |
24684 | Opuntia humifusa (Raf.) Raf. 2661 | Pawnee 190 | g19 17 | 104 | Dye 5 | Mordant 105 | Mucilaginous stem juice used to fix the colors painted on hides or receptacles made from hides. Freshly peeled stems were rubbed over the painted object to fix the color. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 104 |
11791 | Cuscuta compacta Juss. ex Choisy 1174 | Pawnee 190 | g19 17 | 110 | Dye 5 | Orange 193 | Boiled vines used as an orange dye. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 110 |
29399 | Populus deltoides ssp. monilifera (Ait.) Eckenwalder 3100 | Dakota 61 | g19 17 | 72 | Dye 5 | Yellow 72 | Seed vessels boiled to make a yellow dye for pluming arrow feathers. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 72 |
29400 | Populus deltoides ssp. monilifera (Ait.) Eckenwalder 3100 | Dakota 61 | g19 17 | 72 | Dye 5 | Yellow 72 | Waxy leaf buds boiled to make a yellow dye. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 72 |
29413 | Populus deltoides ssp. monilifera (Ait.) Eckenwalder 3100 | Omaha 177 | g19 17 | 72 | Dye 5 | Yellow 72 | Seed vessels boiled to make a yellow dye for pluming arrow feathers. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 72 |
29423 | Populus deltoides ssp. monilifera (Ait.) Eckenwalder 3100 | Pawnee 190 | g19 17 | 72 | Dye 5 | Yellow 72 | Seed vessels boiled to make a yellow dye for pluming arrow feathers. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 72 |
29424 | Populus deltoides ssp. monilifera (Ait.) Eckenwalder 3100 | Pawnee 190 | g19 17 | 72 | Dye 5 | Yellow 72 | Waxy leaf buds boiled to make a yellow dye. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 72 |
29430 | Populus deltoides ssp. monilifera (Ait.) Eckenwalder 3100 | Ponca 205 | g19 17 | 72 | Dye 5 | Yellow 72 | Seed vessels boiled to make a yellow dye for pluming arrow feathers. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 72 |
18262 | Juglans nigra L. 2034 | Dakota 61 | g19 17 | 74 | Dye 5 | Black 108 | Nuts used to make a black dye. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 74 |
18304 | Juglans nigra L. 2034 | Omaha 177 | g19 17 | 74 | Dye 5 | Black 108 | Nuts used to make a black dye. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 74 |
18308 | Juglans nigra L. 2034 | Pawnee 190 | g19 17 | 74 | Dye 5 | Black 108 | Nuts used to make a black dye. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 74 |
18311 | Juglans nigra L. 2034 | Ponca 205 | g19 17 | 74 | Dye 5 | Black 108 | Nuts used to make a black dye. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 74 |
18317 | Juglans nigra L. 2034 | Winnebago 280 | g19 17 | 74 | Dye 5 | Black 108 | Nuts used to make a black dye. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 74 |
37051 | Sanguinaria canadensis L. 3572 | Omaha 177 | g19 17 | 83 | Dye 5 | Red 136 | Root boiled with objects as a red dye. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 83 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );