uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
5,494 rows where use_category = 3 sorted by tribe
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id | species | tribe ▼ | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
32062 | Quercus gambelii Nutt. 3263 | Apache, White Mountain 15 | r29 45 | 160 | Other 3 | Hide Preparation 144 | Bark used to tan skins. | Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 160 |
32612 | Quercus ?pauciloba Rydb. (pro sp.) [gambelii ? turbinella] 3250 | Apache, White Mountain 15 | r29 45 | 160 | Other 3 | Hide Preparation 144 | Bark used to tan skins. | Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 160 |
35923 | Salix irrorata Anderss. 3535 | Apache, White Mountain 15 | r29 45 | 150 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Withes used to make baskets and water jugs. | Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 150 |
35924 | Salix irrorata Anderss. 3535 | Apache, White Mountain 15 | r29 45 | 160 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Withes tied together and used to stir mush and other foods. | Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 160 |
35925 | Salix irrorata Anderss. 3535 | Apache, White Mountain 15 | r29 45 | 160 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Split withes used to make the three dice and throwing sticks for the setdilth game. | Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 160 |
35926 | Salix irrorata Anderss. 3535 | Apache, White Mountain 15 | r29 45 | 160 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Wood used to make the poles and hoops for the pole game. | Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 160 |
38774 | Sporobolus contractus A.S. Hitchc. 3805 | Apache, White Mountain 15 | r29 45 | 149 | Other 3 | Cash Crop 132 | Plant gathered and sold. | Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 149 |
41182 | Typha latifolia L. 4049 | Apache, White Mountain 15 | r29 45 | 151 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Pollen used in religious ceremonies. | Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 151 |
43811 | Yucca baccata Torr. 4225 | Apache, White Mountain 15 | r29 45 | 148 | Other 3 | Soap 106 | Roots used for soap. | Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 148 |
44071 | Yucca glauca Nutt. 4230 | Apache, White Mountain 15 | r29 45 | 147 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Leaves used as counters in various games. | Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 147 |
23910 | Nicotiana rustica L. 2585 | Apalachee 16 | hann86 197 | 97 | Other 3 | Cash Crop 132 | Plant cultivated and sold. | Hann, John H., 1986, The Use and Processing of Plants by Indians of Spanish Florida, Southeastern Archaeology 5(2):1-102, page 97 |
23911 | Nicotiana rustica L. 2585 | Apalachee 16 | hann86 197 | 97 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Plant smoked in the pre-ballgame rituals. | Hann, John H., 1986, The Use and Processing of Plants by Indians of Spanish Florida, Southeastern Archaeology 5(2):1-102, page 97 |
5223 | Artemisia frigida Willd. 397 | Arapaho 17 | m90 111 | 51 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Whole plant used for ceremonials. | Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, page 51 |
12962 | Elaeagnus commutata Bernh. ex Rydb. 1374 | Arapaho 17 | n66 139 | 49 | Other 3 | Jewelry 125 | Berries used to make necklaces. | Nickerson, Gifford S., 1966, Some Data on Plains and Great Basin Indian Uses of Certain Native Plants, Tebiwa 9(1):45-51, page 49 |
12963 | Elaeagnus commutata Bernh. ex Rydb. 1374 | Arapaho 17 | n66 139 | 49 | Other 3 | Jewelry 125 | Boiled seeds strung on sinew and used as necklaces. | Nickerson, Gifford S., 1966, Some Data on Plains and Great Basin Indian Uses of Certain Native Plants, Tebiwa 9(1):45-51, page 49 |
18542 | Juniperus communis var. montana Ait. 2055 | Arapaho 17 | n66 139 | 46 | Other 3 | Incense & Fragrance 53 | Needles ground and used for their scent. | Nickerson, Gifford S., 1966, Some Data on Plains and Great Basin Indian Uses of Certain Native Plants, Tebiwa 9(1):45-51, page 46 |
3295 | Andropogon gerardii Vitman 240 | Arikara 18 | g19 17 | 68 | Other 3 | Hunting & Fishing Item 28 | Stiff, jointed stems used by little boys to make arrows. Arikara, Hidatsa, and Mandan boys used thorn apple thorns for arrow points and practiced their archery skills by hunting frogs. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 68 |
20232 | Ligusticum grayi Coult. & Rose 2179 | Atsugewi 19 | g53 129 | 137 | Other 3 | Hunting & Fishing Item 28 | Pulverized root used for poisoning fish. | Garth, Thomas R., 1953, Atsugewi Ethnography, Anthropological Records 14(2):140-141, page 137 |
437 | Acer glabrum Torr. 23 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 200 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Bark used to make spoons. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 200 |
438 | Acer glabrum Torr. 23 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 200 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Straight sticks tied around a tree base, ignited and burned until the tree fell. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 200 |
1957 | Alectoria sarmentosa (L.) Ach. 122 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 195 | Other 3 | Decorations 38 | Formerly used to decorate dance masks. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 195 |
2483 | Alnus rubra Bong. 172 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 202 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Wood used as fuel for smoking fish. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 202 |
3503 | Angelica genuflexa Nutt. 262 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 200 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Hollow stems used to make drinking straws. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 200 |
3504 | Angelica genuflexa Nutt. 262 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 200 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Hollow stems used to make breathing tubes for hiding under water when in danger. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 200 |
3723 | Apocynum androsaemifolium L. 296 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 201 | Other 3 | Hunting & Fishing Item 28 | Stems dried, pounded and used to make eulachon nets. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 201 |
8501 | Castilleja miniata Dougl. ex Hook. 790 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 210 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Flowers used in young girls' games. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 210 |
8542 | Castilleja unalaschcensis (Cham. & Schlecht.) Malte 799 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 210 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Flowers used in young girls' games. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 210 |
9076 | Chamaecyparis nootkatensis (D. Don) Spach 860 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 197 | Other 3 | Decorations 38 | Inner bark used for decorating masks. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 197 |
10998 | Cornus sericea ssp. sericea 1102 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 203 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Branches used for barbecue racks. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 203 |
12952 | Egregia menziesii (Turner) Areschoug 1372 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 195 | Other 3 | Hunting & Fishing Item 28 | Used to collect herring spawn. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 195 |
15402 | Fucus sp. 1673 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 195 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Used in steaming pits to generate steam for cooking. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 195 |
21490 | Lycopodium clavatum L. 2321 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 196 | Other 3 | Decorations 38 | Used to make wreaths. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 196 |
21588 | Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John 2337 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 198 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Large leaves folded and used as berry containers. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 198 |
21589 | Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John 2337 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 198 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Large leaves folded and used as drinking cups, as covering for drying cakes and to line pits. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 198 |
23695 | Nereocystis luetkeana (Mert.) Post. & Rupr. 2576 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 195 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Used to store eulachon grease. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 195 |
24409 | Oplopanax horridus Miq. 2640 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 201 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Spiny stems used as protective charms against supernatural powers. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 201 |
30336 | Prunus emarginata (Dougl. ex Hook.) D. Dietr. 3166 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 209 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark formerly used for wrapping implements. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 209 |
31146 | Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco 3199 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 198 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Bark used as a valuable fuel. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 198 |
33470 | Ribes divaricatum Dougl. 3368 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 206 | Other 3 | Smoking Tools 79 | 'Canes' hollowed out and used for pipe stems. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 206 |
33549 | Ribes lacustre (Pers.) Poir. 3375 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 206 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Used as a deterrent against snakes. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 206 |
36779 | Sambucus racemosa L. 3567 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 203 | Other 3 | Smoking Tools 79 | Stems hollowed out and used as pipe bowls. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 203 |
38570 | Sorbus sitchensis M. Roemer 3762 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 210 | Other 3 | Insecticide 76 | Berries rubbed on the scalp for lice. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 210 |
38731 | Spiraea douglasii Hook. 3792 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 210 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Branches used to hang salmon for drying and smoking. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 210 |
39445 | Taxus brevifolia Nutt. 3902 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 198 | Other 3 | Hunting & Fishing Item 28 | Wood used to make harpoon shafts. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 198 |
39446 | Taxus brevifolia Nutt. 3902 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 198 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make adze handles, bark scrapers and wedges. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 198 |
39942 | Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don 3951 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 197 | Other 3 | Decorations 38 | Inner bark used for mask decoration. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 197 |
39943 | Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don 3951 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 197 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Inner bark used for tinder. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 197 |
40941 | Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg. 4043 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 198 | Other 3 | Cleaning Agent 107 | Bark boiled and used on traps to remove rust and give them a clean smell. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 198 |
41755 | Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. 4059 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 211 | Other 3 | Hunting & Fishing Item 28 | Stem fibers sun dried and used to make fishnets. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 211 |
41920 | Usnea sp. 4064 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 195 | Other 3 | Decorations 38 | Formerly used to decorate dance masks. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 195 |
42644 | Veratrum viride Ait. 4105 | Bella Coola 21 | ga88 165 | 26 | Other 3 | Good Luck Charm 147 | Roots used for luck. | Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, page 26 |
42645 | Veratrum viride Ait. 4105 | Bella Coola 21 | t73 53 | 199 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Outer roots hung in homes or boiled for protection from supernatural powers. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 199 |
40942 | Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg. 4043 | Bellabella 22 | t73 53 | 198 | Other 3 | Hunting & Fishing Item 28 | Boughs used to collect herring spawn. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 198 |
240 | Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt. 6 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 36 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Chewed needles sprayed over the Horn ceremonial containers to purify them. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 36 |
241 | Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt. 6 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 36 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Needle incense used for transfer ceremonies of Black Spring tipi design & Bear Medicine Hat bundle. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 36 |
242 | Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt. 6 | Blackfoot 23 | j87 146 | 17 | Other 3 | Incense & Fragrance 53 | Leaves used as perfume. | Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 17 |
243 | Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt. 6 | Blackfoot 23 | m09 42 | 278 | Other 3 | Incense & Fragrance 53 | Leaves used in buckskin bags for delightful odor & mixed with grease to add fragrance to hair oil. | McClintock, Walter, 1909, Medizinal- Und Nutzpflanzen Der Schwarzfuss Indianer, Zeitschriff fur Ethnologie 41:273-9, page 278 |
244 | Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt. 6 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 107 | Other 3 | Incense & Fragrance 53 | Needles packed with stored items, saddle pads or burned in a household smudge. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 107 |
245 | Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt. 6 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 36 | Other 3 | Incense & Fragrance 53 | Used for incense, primarily in association with the Medicine Pipe bundles. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 36 |
246 | Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt. 6 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 36 | Other 3 | Paint 26 | Needles mixed with dry paint to make it smell better. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 36 |
247 | Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt. 6 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 36 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Needle smudge used for safety's sake during severe thunderstorms. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 36 |
441 | Acer glabrum Torr. 23 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 107 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used to make paint containers. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 107 |
1183 | Acorus calamus L. 55 | Blackfoot 23 | j87 146 | 23 | Other 3 | Cash Crop 132 | Plant used for barter. | Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 23 |
2258 | Allium sp. 160 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 107 | Other 3 | Incense & Fragrance 53 | Bulbs rubbed on quivers as a deodorant. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 107 |
2259 | Allium sp. 160 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 107 | Other 3 | Soap 106 | Bulbs and water used to shine arrows. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 107 |
2421 | Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia (Nutt.) Breitung 170 | Blackfoot 23 | m09 42 | 275 | Other 3 | Stable Gear 164 | Bark split, covered with raw hide and used to make stirrups. | McClintock, Walter, 1909, Medizinal- Und Nutzpflanzen Der Schwarzfuss Indianer, Zeitschriff fur Ethnologie 41:273-9, page 275 |
2923 | Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer 204 | Blackfoot 23 | j87 146 | 37 | Other 3 | Cash Crop 132 | Dried berries traded for tobacco. | Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 37 |
2924 | Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer 204 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 26 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Berries, elk manure and tobacco seed planted in small prairie plot in the Tobacco Planting ceremony. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 26 |
2925 | Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer 204 | Blackfoot 23 | j87 146 | 37 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Forked sticks used in religious rituals. | Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 37 |
2926 | Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer 204 | Blackfoot 23 | j87 146 | 37 | Other 3 | Hunting & Fishing Item 28 | Shoots used to make arrows. | Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 37 |
2927 | Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer 204 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 107 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Berries used in an harvesting game. Favors were asked while presenting a gift of four of the berries. The receiver was obliged to return the goodwill. Girls played a game while harvesting the berries. After some berries had been gathered the girls would sit together and hold their breath while another called out 'tops, tops, tops' at a regular beat. Each girl put a berry in her bag for every call and the one who held her breath the longest won all the other girls' berries. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 107 |
3488 | Angelica dawsonii S. Wats. 261 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 40 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Root held in the mouth during Horn Society curse ceremony. Curses were indulged in by the Horn Society as a whole. In this case a special sweat lodge was constructed. A human figure representing the condemned man was drawn in the bottom of a pit intended to contain hot stones. The stones were brought in at a designated time and placed on the drawing to represent the victim's suffering. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 40 |
3489 | Angelica dawsonii S. Wats. 261 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 40 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Root pieces attached to the binding of the Spear Staff (with bundle), the head staff. The Spear Staff was used during the secret ceremony of the Horns, in which the chief ceremonialist participated in a fertility rite with the initiate's wife. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 40 |
3490 | Angelica dawsonii S. Wats. 261 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 40 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Root used by the Horn Society in the initiation ceremonies. The root was found in the nontransferable initiation bundles. Having been distributed by the owner of the Spear Staff bundle to the others, down to the owner of the Marten, the root was kept in the mouth and used to bless the initiates. After the ritual, the root was tied to the paint application sticks, to fortify and replenish the supernatural power inherent in the paint. The same was done with a wooden scratching pin, which was either worn in the hair or attached to one's garments. This was done in preparation for the next opening ceremony. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 40 |
3491 | Angelica dawsonii S. Wats. 261 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 40 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Root used during the ritual of body painting & tied to headdresses of all members of Pigeon Society. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 40 |
3492 | Angelica dawsonii S. Wats. 261 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 40 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Root used in the rites of most age graded societies & in the Natoas Beaver & Medicine Pipe bundles. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 40 |
3493 | Angelica dawsonii S. Wats. 261 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 40 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Roots used by ceremonialists to bless others with long life and good luck. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 40 |
3494 | Angelica dawsonii S. Wats. 261 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 40 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Roots used for collective power in designated societies. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 40 |
3495 | Angelica dawsonii S. Wats. 261 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 40 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Roots used for individual power by ceremonialists and diviners. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 40 |
3496 | Angelica dawsonii S. Wats. 261 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 40 | Other 3 | Good Luck Charm 147 | Roots tied in small bundle and attached to the tail base or bridle for luck in horse racing. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 40 |
3497 | Angelica dawsonii S. Wats. 261 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 40 | Other 3 | Good Luck Charm 147 | Roots used by ceremonialists to bless others with long life and good luck. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 40 |
3498 | Angelica dawsonii S. Wats. 261 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 40 | Other 3 | Good Luck Charm 147 | Roots used for luck in games of chance. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 40 |
3499 | Angelica dawsonii S. Wats. 261 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 40 | Other 3 | Malicious Charm 181 | Juice used to spray on quirt (a rod) to cause other horses to fall behind during a race. A piece of plant was placed in the mouth, and the rider sprayed the quirt with the juice. This quirt was not used to whip the horse. When the race began, the rider would try to get on the right side of the other horses; he carried the magic quirt but whipped his horse with a regular one. At an opportune time the rider threw back the sprayed quirt, causing the other horses to fall behind. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 40 |
3500 | Angelica dawsonii S. Wats. 261 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 40 | Other 3 | Malicious Charm 181 | Root held in the mouth to make the other players lazy during the hand game. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 40 |
3501 | Angelica dawsonii S. Wats. 261 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 40 | Other 3 | Malicious Charm 181 | Root held in the rider's mouth to cast a spell so that other horses could not pass. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 40 |
3620 | Antennaria rosea Greene 279 | Blackfoot 23 | j87 146 | 56 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Leaves sometimes used in the tobacco mixture. | Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 56 |
4518 | Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. 347 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 107 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Dried berries used in rattles. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 107 |
4519 | Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. 347 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 14 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Leaves mixed with tobacco, dried cambium or red osier dogwood and used in all religious bundles. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 14 |
4520 | Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. 347 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 107 | Other 3 | Jewelry 125 | Dried berries strung on necklaces. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 107 |
4521 | Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. 347 | Blackfoot 23 | j87 146 | 49 | Other 3 | Season Indicator 115 | Heavy fruit set taken by the medicine men as a sign of a severe winter to come. | Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 49 |
4522 | Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. 347 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 101 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Crushed leaves smoked with tobacco. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 101 |
4523 | Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. 347 | Blackfoot 23 | m09 42 | 276 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Dried leaves smoked as tobacco. | McClintock, Walter, 1909, Medizinal- Und Nutzpflanzen Der Schwarzfuss Indianer, Zeitschriff fur Ethnologie 41:273-9, page 276 |
4524 | Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. 347 | Blackfoot 23 | j87 146 | 49 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Leaves dried and mixed with tobacco. | Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 49 |
4998 | Artemisia campestris L. 388 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 109 | Other 3 | Hide Preparation 144 | Infusion of roots rubbed on a hide to be tanned. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 109 |
4999 | Artemisia campestris L. 388 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 123 | Other 3 | Soap 106 | Infusion of roots cleansed and used for scalp infections. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 123 |
5238 | Artemisia frigida Willd. 397 | Blackfoot 23 | m09 42 | 275 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Plant tied to articles that were sacrificed to the Sun. | McClintock, Walter, 1909, Medizinal- Und Nutzpflanzen Der Schwarzfuss Indianer, Zeitschriff fur Ethnologie 41:273-9, page 275 |
5239 | Artemisia frigida Willd. 397 | Blackfoot 23 | j87 146 | 56 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Plant used in religious rituals. | Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 56 |
5240 | Artemisia frigida Willd. 397 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 109 | Other 3 | Hide Preparation 144 | Infusion of plant used to treat hides. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 109 |
5241 | Artemisia frigida Willd. 397 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 109 | Other 3 | Incense & Fragrance 53 | Plant stuffed into saddles, women's pillows, hide bags and quivers as a deodorant. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 109 |
5242 | Artemisia frigida Willd. 397 | Blackfoot 23 | h74 26 | 87 | Other 3 | Insecticide 76 | Plant put on a fire to attract horses that run to the smoke because it kept flies & mosquitoes away. | Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 87 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );