uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
11,078 rows where use_category = 1
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id ▼ | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1737 | Agave americana L. 89 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 16 | Food 1 | Pit baked and extensively used for food. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 16 | |
1738 | Agave americana L. 89 | Papago 188 | cb42 160 | 61 | Food 1 | Pit baked and used for food. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 61 | |
1739 | Agave americana L. 89 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 14 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Central flowering stalks eaten as greens in spring before they emerged. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 14 |
1740 | Agave americana L. 89 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 14 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Crowns with leaves removed eaten as greens in winter. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 14 |
1741 | Agave americana L. 89 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 16 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Flower stalks eaten as greens. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 16 |
1742 | Agave americana L. 89 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 46 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Flower stalks roasted in ashes and eaten as greens. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 46 |
1743 | Agave americana L. 89 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 46 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Pit baked and used as greens. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 46 |
1746 | Agave americana L. 89 | Pima 193 | r08 104 | 70 | Food 1 | Dried Food 4 | Fruit heads roasted, centers sun dried and used for food. | Russell, Frank, 1908, The Pima Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #26:1-390, page 70 |
1747 | Agave americana L. 89 | Pima 193 | r08 104 | 70 | Food 1 | Sauce & Relish 7 | Juice boiled and used as a syrup. | Russell, Frank, 1908, The Pima Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #26:1-390, page 70 |
1748 | Agave americana L. 89 | Pima 193 | r08 104 | 70 | Food 1 | Starvation Food 113 | Used for food in times of famine. | Russell, Frank, 1908, The Pima Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #26:1-390, page 70 |
1750 | Agave americana L. 89 | Ute 272 | c35 19 | 10 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as one of the most important foods. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 10 |
1751 | Agave americana L. 89 | Yuma 288 | c35 19 | 10 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as one of the most important foods. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 10 |
1752 | Agave decipiens Baker 90 | Apache, White Mountain 15 | r29 45 | 155 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Heart and tubers used to make a fermented drink. | Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 155 |
1753 | Agave decipiens Baker 90 | Apache, White Mountain 15 | r29 45 | 155 | Food 1 | Tubers pit baked and eaten. | Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 155 | |
1760 | Agave deserti Engelm. 91 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 31 | Food 1 | Dried Food 4 | Baked leaves dried and stored for future use. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 31 |
1761 | Agave deserti Engelm. 91 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 31 | Food 1 | Dried Food 4 | Flowers parboiled to release the bitterness and dried for future use. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 31 |
1762 | Agave deserti Engelm. 91 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 31 | Food 1 | Dried Food 4 | Roasted, pounded stalks and leaves made into cakes and sun dried. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 31 |
1763 | Agave deserti Engelm. 91 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 31 | Food 1 | Baked leaves eaten. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 31 | |
1764 | Agave deserti Engelm. 91 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 31 | Food 1 | Flowers parboiled to release the bitterness and eaten. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 31 | |
1765 | Agave deserti Engelm. 91 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 31 | Food 1 | Roasted stalks used for food. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 31 | |
1772 | Agave deserti Engelm. 91 | Cocopa 44 | cb51 125 | 202 | Food 1 | Crowns gathered and pit-baked. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 202 | |
1774 | Agave deserti Engelm. 91 | Diegueno 65 | hedges86 85 | 13 | Food 1 | Roots and stalks baked overnight in a pit oven and used for food. | Hedges, Ken, 1986, Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany, San Diego Museum of Man Ethnic Technology Notes, No. 20, page 13 | |
1775 | Agave deserti Engelm. 91 | Papago 188 | cb42 160 | 61 | Food 1 | Pit baked and used for food. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 61 | |
1777 | Agave deserti Engelm. 91 | Pima 193 | c49 11 | 48 | Food 1 | Candy 85 | Heads baked, sliced, dried and eaten like candy. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 48 |
1778 | Agave deserti Engelm. 91 | Pima 193 | c49 11 | 48 | Food 1 | Heads pit baked and eaten with pinole. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 48 | |
1779 | Agave deserti Engelm. 91 | Pima, Gila River 195 | r91 136 | 6 | Food 1 | Candy 85 | Plant dried and used as sweets. | Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 6 |
1780 | Agave deserti Engelm. 91 | Pima, Gila River 195 | r91 136 | 4 | Food 1 | Dried Food 4 | Hearts dried and stored indefinitely. | Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 4 |
1781 | Agave deserti Engelm. 91 | Pima, Gila River 195 | r91 136 | 7 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Hearts pit roasted and used as a staple food. | Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 7 |
1786 | Agave palmeri Engelm. 93 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 169 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Crowns cooked, fermented in a vessel, ground, boiled and the liquor again fermented. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169 |
1787 | Agave palmeri Engelm. 93 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 169 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Flower stalk baked and chewed for juice. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169 |
1788 | Agave palmeri Engelm. 93 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 169 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Juice fermented into a drink. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169 |
1789 | Agave palmeri Engelm. 93 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 169 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Juice strained and mixed with 'tiswin water,' a liquor of fermented maize. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169 |
1790 | Agave palmeri Engelm. 93 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 169 | Food 1 | Candy 85 | Heart of the crown eaten by children as candy. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169 |
1791 | Agave palmeri Engelm. 93 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 169 | Food 1 | Dried Food 4 | Plant eaten dried. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169 |
1792 | Agave palmeri Engelm. 93 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 169 | Food 1 | Substitution Food 112 | Used in absence of other foods. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169 |
1793 | Agave palmeri Engelm. 93 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 169 | Food 1 | Crowns used for food. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169 | |
1798 | Agave palmeri Engelm. 93 | Papago 188 | cb42 160 | 61 | Food 1 | Pit baked and used for food. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 61 | |
1799 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Apache 10 | c35 19 | 10 | Food 1 | Dried Food 4 | Heads and young leaves roasted, sun dried and used immediately or stored. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 10 |
1800 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Apache 10 | c35 19 | 10 | Food 1 | Dried Food 4 | Heads and young leaves roasted, sun dried and used immediately or stored. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 10 |
1801 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Apache 10 | c35 19 | 10 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as one of the most important foods. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 10 |
1802 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Apache 10 | c35 19 | 13 | Food 1 | Roots baked and eaten. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 13 | |
1803 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 35 | Food 1 | Bulbous crowns baked in pits, pulpy centers released, pounded into thin sheets and eaten. The Mescalero Apache were named for the food they made from mescal. In the pits where the crowns were baked, the largest rock was placed in the center and a cross made on it from black ashes. While the mescal baked, the women were supposed to stay away from their husbands, and if the crown was not completely roasted when removed from the pit, they were believed to have disobeyed. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 35 | |
1804 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 38 | Food 1 | Stalks roasted, boiled or eaten raw. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 38 | |
1805 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 38 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Stalks boiled, dried and stored to be used as vegetables. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 38 |
1806 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Apache, Mescalero 12 | b74 52 | 30 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Leaf bases pit cooked, made into cakes, dried and used for food. | Basehart, Harry W., 1974, Apache Indians XII. Mescalero Apache Subsistence Patterns and Socio-Political Organization, New York. Garland Publishing Inc., page 30 |
1809 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 169 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Crowns cooked, fermented in a vessel, ground, boiled and the liquor again fermented. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169 |
1810 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 169 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Crowns cooked, fermented in a vessel, ground, boiled and the liquor again fermented. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169 |
1811 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 169 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Flower stalk baked and chewed for juice. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169 |
1812 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 169 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Flower stalk baked and chewed for juice. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169 |
1813 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 169 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Juice fermented into a drink. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169 |
1814 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 169 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Juice fermented into a drink. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169 |
1815 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 169 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Juice strained and mixed with 'tiswin water,' a liquor of fermented maize. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169 |
1816 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 169 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Juice strained and mixed with 'tiswin water,' a liquor of fermented maize. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169 |
1817 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 169 | Food 1 | Candy 85 | Heart of the crown eaten by children as candy. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169 |
1818 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 169 | Food 1 | Candy 85 | Heart of the crown eaten by children as candy. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169 |
1819 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 169 | Food 1 | Dried Food 4 | Plant eaten dried. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169 |
1820 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 169 | Food 1 | Dried Food 4 | Plant eaten dried. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169 |
1821 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 169 | Food 1 | Substitution Food 112 | Used in absence of other foods. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169 |
1822 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 169 | Food 1 | Substitution Food 112 | Used in absence of other foods. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169 |
1823 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 169 | Food 1 | Crowns used for food. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169 | |
1824 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 169 | Food 1 | Crowns used for food. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169 | |
1833 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Comanche 48 | c35 19 | 10 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as one of the most important foods. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 10 |
1834 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Mohave 147 | c35 19 | 10 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as one of the most important foods. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 10 |
1835 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Paiute 183 | c35 19 | 10 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as one of the most important foods. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 10 |
1836 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Papago 188 | c35 19 | 10 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as one of the most important foods. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 10 |
1838 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Ute 272 | c35 19 | 10 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as one of the most important foods. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 10 |
1839 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Yuma 288 | c35 19 | 10 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Used as one of the most important foods. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 10 |
1840 | Agave schottii Engelm. 95 | Papago 188 | cb42 160 | 61 | Food 1 | Pit baked and used for food. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 61 | |
1841 | Agave sp. 96 | Apache, San Carlos 13 | h08 174 | 257 | Food 1 | Pit baked and used for food. | Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 257 | |
1842 | Agave sp. 96 | Havasupai 89 | w39 37 | 71 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves and young buds baked, soaked in water and used as a drink. | Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 71 |
1849 | Agave sp. 96 | Hualapai 97 | w82 127 | 55 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Plant considered a main staple. | Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 55 |
1850 | Agave sp. 96 | Hualapai 97 | w82 127 | 55 | Food 1 | Sweetener 135 | Stems, before blooming, eaten like sugar cane. | Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 55 |
1851 | Agave sp. 96 | Hualapai 97 | w82 127 | 55 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Plant stored for winter use. | Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 55 |
1854 | Agave sp. 96 | Navajo 157 | b65 195 | 94 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Juice squeezed from baked fibers and drunk. | Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 94 |
1855 | Agave sp. 96 | Navajo 157 | b65 195 | 94 | Food 1 | Dried Food 4 | Heads baked or boiled, pounded into flat sheets, sun dried and stored for future use. | Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 94 |
1856 | Agave sp. 96 | Navajo 157 | b65 195 | 94 | Food 1 | Porridge 44 | Dried, baked heads boiled and made into a 'paste.' | Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 94 |
1857 | Agave sp. 96 | Navajo 157 | b65 195 | 94 | Food 1 | Soup 56 | Dried, baked heads boiled and made into soup. | Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 94 |
1858 | Agave sp. 96 | Navajo 157 | b65 195 | 94 | Food 1 | Heads baked and eaten. | Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 94 | |
1859 | Agave sp. 96 | Navajo 157 | b65 195 | 94 | Food 1 | Leaves boiled and eaten. | Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 94 | |
1860 | Agave sp. 96 | Navajo 157 | b65 195 | 94 | Food 1 | Young and tender flowering stalks and shoots roasted and eaten. | Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 94 | |
1864 | Agave sp. 96 | Yavapai 284 | g36 48 | 259 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaf stubs and heads pounded to express juice and used as a drink. | Gifford, E. W., 1936, Northeastern and Western Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 34:247-345, page 259 |
1865 | Agave sp. 96 | Yavapai 284 | g36 48 | 260 | Food 1 | Dried Food 4 | Pounded, cooked, dried meaty centers of leaves stored in houses for later use. | Gifford, E. W., 1936, Northeastern and Western Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 34:247-345, page 260 |
1866 | Agave sp. 96 | Yavapai 284 | g36 48 | 259 | Food 1 | Flower stalk baked and soft, inner part used for food. | Gifford, E. W., 1936, Northeastern and Western Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 34:247-345, page 259 | |
1868 | Agave utahensis Engelm. 97 | Havasupai 89 | ws85 2 | 66 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Plant used to make a drink. | Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 66 |
1896 | Agoseris aurantiaca (Hook.) Greene 102 | Karok 105 | sg52 71 | 389 | Food 1 | Candy 85 | Root juice used for chewing gum. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 389 |
1904 | Agoseris aurantiaca var. aurantiaca 103 | Gosiute 79 | c11 38 | 383 | Food 1 | Leaves used for food. | Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 383 | |
1906 | Agoseris glauca (Pursh) Raf. 105 | Thompson 259 | steed28 33 | 493 | Food 1 | Candy 85 | Milky juice chewed as gum. | Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 493 |
1910 | Agoseris glauca var. dasycephala (Torr. & Gray) Jepson 106 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 74 | Food 1 | Candy 85 | Latex dried and used as chewing gum. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74 |
1912 | Agoseris glauca var. dasycephala (Torr. & Gray) Jepson 106 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 167 | Food 1 | Candy 85 | Milky latex used as chewing gum. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 167 |
1913 | Agoseris retrorsa (Benth.) Greene 107 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 10 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Green leaves boiled and eaten. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 10 |
1914 | Agoseris retrorsa (Benth.) Greene 107 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 10 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Whole plant above the ground boiled, washed in cold water to remove bitterness and fried in grease. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 10 |
1915 | Agoseris sp. 108 | Ute 272 | c09 142 | 36 | Food 1 | Leaves formerly used as food. | Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1909, Some Plant Names of the Ute Indians, American Anthropologist 11:27-40, page 36 | |
1942 | Agropyron sp. 112 | Paiute 183 | stew33 65 | 243 | Food 1 | Species used for food. | Steward, Julian H., 1933, Ethnography of the Owens Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 33(3):233-250, page 243 | |
1943 | Agrostis perennans (Walt.) Tuckerman 113 | Klamath 115 | c97 66 | 91 | Food 1 | Seeds used for food. | Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 91 | |
1945 | Alaria marginata Postels & Ruprecht 114 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 24 | Food 1 | Dried Food 4 | Stipes and fronds with attached herring eggs dried for later use. These strong, tough seaweeds grow in the subtidal and intertidal zones. Sometimes, herring spawn on the stipes and fronds of these short kelps, and then the plants are gathered and dipped briefly in hot water or dried for later use. The spawn is taken off the longer types and the alga discarded, or, in the case of the broad, leafy types, the alga is eaten along with the eggs. If the kelps with spawn are dried first, they are simply soaked in water before being eaten. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 24 |
1947 | Alectoria fremontii Tuckerm. 116 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 5 | Food 1 | Starvation Food 113 | Long, black, hair-like lichen used as a famine food. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 5 |
1948 | Alectoria jubata Acharius. 117 | Thompson 259 | steed28 33 | 482 | Food 1 | Plant cooked and eaten. | Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 482 | |
1949 | Alectoria jubata L. 118 | Coeur d'Alene 47 | teit28 144 | 91 | Food 1 | Formerly used for food. | Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 91 | |
1950 | Alectoria jubata L. 118 | Spokan 250 | teit28 144 | 344 | Food 1 | Species used for food. | Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 344 | |
1951 | Alectoria nigricans (Ach.) Nyl. 119 | Eskimo, Inuktitut 71 | w78 64 | 191 | Food 1 | Fodder 50 | Plant given to fawns to try to get them to eat from their hands. | Wilson, Michael R., 1978, Notes on Ethnobotany in Inuktitut, The Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology 8:180-196, page 191 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );