uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
973 rows where tribe = 157 sorted by rawsource
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id | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource ▼ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
27610 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 21 | Fiber 4 | Furniture 109 | Wood used to make various parts of the cradle. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21 |
27612 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 21 | Food 1 | Candy 85 | Sap used as a chewing gum. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21 |
27615 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 21 | Food 1 | Preserves 1 | Roasted nuts mashed into a butter. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21 |
27622 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 21 | Other 3 | Cash Crop 132 | Nuts gathered and sold or traded. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21 |
27627 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 21 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Branches used to make the circle of branches for the Mountain Chant. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21 |
27628 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 21 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Bunches of needles carried in each hand by dancers on the last night of the Mountain Chant. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21 |
27629 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 21 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Pitch smeared on burier's body before burying person & on forehead & under the eyes during mourning. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21 |
27630 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 21 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Sapling, stripped of its branches, carried by the Talking God on the fourth day of the Night Chant. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21 |
27631 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 21 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Tree used for ceremonial purposes. On the ninth day of the Night Chant, The Slayer of Alien Gods and The Child of the Water deposit their cigarettes in the shade of a tree, preferably a pinon, while The Shooting Divinity lays hers on the ground in a cluster of snakeweed. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21 |
27632 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 21 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Wood charcoal used to make the best black for sandpaintings. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21 |
27633 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 21 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Wood used to make ceremonial pokers and wands. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21 |
27635 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 21 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Wood used for firewood. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21 |
27636 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 21 | Other 3 | Incense & Fragrance 53 | Dried gum, together with parts of different birds, used as an incense for ceremonial fumigation. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21 |
27637 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 21 | Other 3 | Jewelry 125 | Dried seeds used to make necklaces, bracelets, anklets and wristlets. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21 |
27638 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 21 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make loom poles, beams and uprights used in the construction of looms. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21 |
27639 | Pinus edulis Engelm. 2959 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 21 | Other 3 | Waterproofing Agent 154 | Gum used to make water bottles water tight. The gum was heated and poured into the jar, and by turning the jar, the melted gum was brought in contact with the entire inner surface, after which the surplus was poured off. The outside was also covered with the gum to which a red clay had been added so that the bottle, when finished, had a reddish hue. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21 |
27714 | Pinus flexilis James 2961 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 23 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Wood used to make the small bow and arrow used in the Witch and Shooting Chants. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 23 |
27982 | Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson 2968 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 23 | Drug 2 | Ceremonial Medicine 12 | Pollen used in the 'Night Chant' medicine. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 23 |
28162 | Pinus sp. 2976 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 23 | Drug 2 | Ceremonial Medicine 12 | Needles, in water, used ceremonially. In the first ceremony of the fourth day of the Mountain Chant, the medicine man carried a bowl of pine needles in water, in which the patient washed both hands. He then drank some of it, and finally bathed his feet and legs to the thighs, his arms and shoulders, his body and then his face and head, before he emptied the remainder over his back. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 23 |
28163 | Pinus sp. 2976 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 23 | Fiber 4 | Building Material 91 | Bark used as a covering for summer shelters. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 23 |
28164 | Pinus sp. 2976 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 23 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Gum mixed with gypsum and used as a white paste on the 'spirits of the fire' in the Fire Dance. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 23 |
28165 | Pinus sp. 2976 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 23 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Wood used to make the bull roarer for some ceremonies. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 23 |
28166 | Pinus sp. 2976 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 23 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used to make the trays for the colored powders used in the sandpaintings. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 23 |
28167 | Pinus sp. 2976 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 23 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Wood used to make a tinderbox for fire by friction. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 23 |
28168 | Pinus sp. 2976 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 23 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Wood used extensively for firewood. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 23 |
28169 | Pinus sp. 2976 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 23 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Wood used to make the ball for the game, shinny. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 23 |
28170 | Pinus sp. 2976 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 23 | Other 3 | Waterproofing Agent 154 | Gum used to make water bottles water tight. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 23 |
31285 | Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii 3201 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 23 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Branches used in the Shooting Chant. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 23 |
5943 | Arundo donax L. 420 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 24 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Reed made into a whistle and attached to the collar of a otter skin for the Night Chant. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 24 |
5944 | Arundo donax L. 420 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 24 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Reed used to make prayersticks. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 24 |
5945 | Arundo donax L. 420 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 24 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Reed, with tassels, used in the special pouch required for every chant. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 24 |
13168 | Ephedra torreyana S. Wats. 1405 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 24 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Branches used to make tea. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 24 |
13172 | Ephedra trifurca Torr. ex S. Wats. 1406 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 24 | Drug 2 | Gastrointestinal Aid 14 | Infusion of dried plants taken for stomach troubles. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 24 |
13173 | Ephedra trifurca Torr. ex S. Wats. 1406 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 24 | Drug 2 | Kidney Aid 3 | Infusion of dried plants taken for kidney affections. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 24 |
13174 | Ephedra trifurca Torr. ex S. Wats. 1406 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 24 | Drug 2 | Venereal Aid 46 | Infusion of dried plants taken for venereal disease. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 24 |
13175 | Ephedra trifurca Torr. ex S. Wats. 1406 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 24 | Drug 2 | Venereal Aid 46 | Wood burned for venereal disease. Wood burned with charcoal, buffalo hair, wood rat hair and bat hair in a hole in the middle of the hogan. The person with venereal disease sits over the hole and the smudge covers his exposed parts and cures him. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 24 |
13192 | Ephedra viridis Coville 1407 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 24 | Drug 2 | Cough Medicine 9 | Decoction of plant tops taken as a cough medicine. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 24 |
35565 | Sagittaria cuneata Sheldon 3508 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 24 | Drug 2 | Analgesic 6 | Plant used for headaches. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 24 |
41274 | Typha latifolia L. 4049 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 24 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Leaves used to make ceremonial necklaces and wristbands for the Male Shooting Chant. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 24 |
41275 | Typha latifolia L. 4049 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 24 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Pollen used in the ceremonies. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 24 |
6768 | Avena sativa L. 529 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 25 | Food 1 | Fodder 50 | Used for hay. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 25 |
6965 | Bambusa sp. 551 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 25 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Stems made into whistles and used in certain ceremonies. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 25 |
7440 | Bouteloua gracilis (Willd. ex Kunth) Lag. ex Griffiths 608 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 25 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Tied to the end of the wand carried by the girl in the Squaw Dance. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 25 |
7450 | Bouteloua hirsuta Lag. 609 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 25 | Other 3 | Sacred Items 185 | Used to make sacred charcoal for certain ceremonies. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 25 |
7456 | Bouteloua sp. 611 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 25 | Food 1 | Fodder 50 | Used for sheep and horse feed. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 25 |
23513 | Muhlenbergia cuspidata (Torr. ex Hook.) Rydb. 2536 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 25 | Fiber 4 | Brushes & Brooms 93 | Stems used to make hair brushes and brooms for sweeping out the hogan. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 25 |
23545 | Muhlenbergia sp. 2544 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 25 | Fiber 4 | Brushes & Brooms 93 | Used in the making of brushes and brooms. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 25 |
1135 | Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth 46 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 26 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Ground seeds made into cakes. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 26 |
23522 | Muhlenbergia pungens Thurb. 2541 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 26 | Fiber 4 | Brushes & Brooms 93 | Stems, pulled out of their sheaths when dry, tied with string and used as brooms and brushes. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 26 |
25456 | Panicum capillare L. 2738 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 26 | Food 1 | Seeds used for food. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 26 | |
26603 | Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. 2901 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 26 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Reeds made into frames, like kite frames, and carried by dancers on last night of Mountain Chant. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 26 |
26604 | Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. 2901 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 26 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Reeds used to make prayersticks for the Mountain Chant Ceremony. The reeds were first rubbed with a polishing stone to remove the silicious surface in order that the paint might adhere well. The reeds were then rubbed with finely powdered tobacco or sometimes with snakeweed. Afterwards the reed was cut into four pieces (or ten pieces for the second ceremony). When this was finished, the sticks were colored and yucca inserted to serve as handles. The sections were then filled with some kind of tobacco. These had to be kept in order. The section growing nearest the ground was segment number one, the next number two and so on. It was also important that the side of the reed growing toward the east be indicated, so the painting would be done on the side having that exposure. This made it more potent. Fifty-two prayer sticks were made for the evening of the third day of the Night Chant. Of these, four were made of sections of reed, twelve of mountain mahogany, twelve of russian olive, twelve of sierra juniper and twelve of cherry. The first people, according to the Navajo, were supposed to have come up to this earth on a reed. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 26 |
26605 | Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. 2901 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 26 | Other 3 | Hunting & Fishing Item 28 | Stems used to make arrow shafts. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 26 |
38786 | Sporobolus cryptandrus (Torr.) Gray 3806 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 26 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds ground to make dumplings, rolls, griddle cakes and tortillas. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 26 |
44457 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 27 | Drug 2 | Ceremonial Medicine 12 | Leaves used in mixture for the Night Chant medicine. One part of the Night Chant medicine consists of a mixture of 'blue pollen,' wild plants, and tobacco to which was added the leaves from corn plants gathered in the east, south, west and north corners of the field, squash from the southeast side, bean leaves from the southwest, watermelon leaves from the northwest, and muskmelon leaves from the northeast. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27 |
44458 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 27 | Drug 2 | Ceremonial Medicine 12 | Poultice of plant applied as ceremonial medicine for sore throats. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27 |
44459 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 27 | Drug 2 | Throat Aid 123 | Poultice of plant applied as ceremonial medicine for sore throats. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27 |
44460 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 27 | Fiber 4 | Building Material 91 | Stalks sometimes used for thatching. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27 |
44461 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 27 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Cornmeal and juniper ash water used to make a beverage. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27 |
44462 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 27 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Corn and juniper ash used to make bread and dumplings. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27 |
44464 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 27 | Food 1 | Porridge 44 | Corn and meat boiled all night into hominy. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27 |
44465 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 27 | Food 1 | Porridge 44 | Cornmeal and juniper ash water used to make mush. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27 |
44466 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 27 | Food 1 | Special Food 47 | Cornmeal porridge, served in wedding baskets, used as a nuptial dish. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27 |
44467 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 27 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Green corn roasted, shelled, ground, dried and wrapped in corn husks, like tamales, for journeys. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27 |
44468 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 27 | Food 1 | Immature corn pounded, mixed with pumpkin, wrapped in a corn husk and baked in ashes. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27 | |
44469 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 27 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Leaves eaten like lettuce. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27 |
44471 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 27 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Husks used as casings for blood sausage. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27 |
44472 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 27 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Cob pith used as punk (tinder). | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27 |
44473 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 27 | Other 3 | Sacred Items 185 | Cornmeal, considered less sacred than corn pollen, used in innumerable ceremonies. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27 |
44474 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 27 | Other 3 | Sacred Items 185 | Sacred pollen used in innumerable ceremonies. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27 |
44475 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 27 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Husks used for cigarette papers. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27 |
44476 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 27 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Cobs used to beat leather while dyeing. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27 |
44463 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 30 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Sweet corn meal and herb roots made into cakes and baked in a pit. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 30 |
44470 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 30 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Cornmeal mush used to make images for ceremonies. In the Bead Chant, an image of a wildcat was made of sweet corn; in the Mountain Chant, an image of the bear was made of sweet corn; and in the Coyote Chant, effigies of a coyote and a kit fox were made in sweet corn; other images such as the dog, chicken, cat and pig were also reproduced in sweet corn. To make these animals, a stiff mush was made of corn, which was kneaded to the desired shape, omitting the extremities such as tail, ears and feet. White shell, turquoise and cannel coal was used for the eyes. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 30 |
2089 | Allium cepa L. 140 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 31 | Food 1 | Onions singed, to remove the strong taste, and eaten immediately. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 31 | |
2090 | Allium cepa L. 140 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 31 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Onions singed, to remove the strong taste, dried and stored for winter use. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 31 |
2143 | Allium cernuum Roth 141 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 31 | Food 1 | Onions singed, to remove the strong taste, and eaten immediately. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 31 | |
2146 | Allium cernuum Roth 141 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 31 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Onions singed, to remove the strong taste, dried and stored for winter use. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 31 |
2200 | Allium macropetalum Rydb. 151 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 31 | Food 1 | Onions singed, to remove the strong taste, and eaten immediately. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 31 | |
2202 | Allium macropetalum Rydb. 151 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 31 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Onions singed, to remove the strong taste, dried and stored for winter use. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 31 |
18387 | Juncus sp. 2048 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 31 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Used as a sandpaper for smoothing bows. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 31 |
2270 | Allium sp. 160 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 32 | Dye 5 | Green 121 | Used for a green dye. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 32 |
7707 | Calochortus aureus S. Wats. 669 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 32 | Food 1 | Bulbs gathered in early spring, peeled and eaten raw. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 32 | |
7731 | Calochortus luteus Dougl. ex Lindl. 675 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 32 | Food 1 | Bulbs gathered in early spring, peeled and eaten raw. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 32 | |
7757 | Calochortus nuttallii Torr. & Gray 677 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 32 | Food 1 | Baby Food 101 | Bulbs, a children's food, eaten by children while playing. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 32 |
43865 | Yucca baccata Torr. 4225 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 32 | Drug 2 | Antiemetic 103 | Infusion of pulverized leaves taken for vomiting. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 32 |
43866 | Yucca baccata Torr. 4225 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 32 | Drug 2 | Gastrointestinal Aid 14 | Plant used for heartburn. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 32 |
43867 | Yucca baccata Torr. 4225 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 32 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Baked or dried fruits ground, made into small cakes and roasted again. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 32 |
43871 | Yucca baccata Torr. 4225 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 32 | Food 1 | Dried Food 4 | Fruit dried and carried, when at war, with grass seeds and jerked venison. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 32 |
43878 | Yucca baccata Torr. 4225 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 32 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruit eaten when picked or cooked. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 32 |
43880 | Yucca baccata Torr. 4225 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 32 | Food 1 | Porridge 44 | Baked or dried fruits ground, made into cakes, roasted again, mixed with cornmeal & made into gruel. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 32 |
43883 | Yucca baccata Torr. 4225 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 32 | Food 1 | Preserves 1 | Fruit used to make jelly. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 32 |
43887 | Yucca baccata Torr. 4225 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 32 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Baked or dried fruits ground, made into small cakes, roasted again and stored for winter use. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 32 |
43888 | Yucca baccata Torr. 4225 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 32 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fruit cut in half, dried and stored for winter use. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 32 |
44248 | Yucca sp. 4236 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 32 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Leaves used for ceremonial purposes. On the sixth day of the Mountain Chant Ceremony, before the couriers were sent on their way, a basin of water containing soap root was brought in, and after the medicine man had daubed the couriers with a little of the suds, they washed themselves from head to foot and cleaned their hair as well. The Lashing God in the Night Chant carried a ring of yucca leaves on his back and suspended from this by its roots was a complete plant of soapweed. He held in his hand yucca scourges which were made from the leaves taken from the east and west sides of the plant. For the yucca that hangs at his back, a specimen was selected whose roots stuck well out of the ground and was kicked out with the foot. Masks made of the leaves were also used in the Night Chant. In one of the dances of the last night of the Mountain Chant, yucca was made to grow from the root through buds and flowers to the ripe fruit. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 32 |
44257 | Yucca sp. 4236 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 32 | Other 3 | Soap 106 | Used for cleansing purposes. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 32 |
44037 | Yucca elata (Engelm.) Engelm. 4228 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 33 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Leaves made into scourges and used in the Night Chant. A leaf was taken from the east side of the plant and one from the west. The leaves were then split in two and the interchanged halves bound together to form the scourge. These scourges were carried by the different personators in the Night Chant. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 33 |
44038 | Yucca elata (Engelm.) Engelm. 4228 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 33 | Other 3 | Soap 106 | Roots used for soap. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 33 |
44039 | Yucca elata (Engelm.) Engelm. 4228 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 33 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Used to make the 102 counting sticks for the moccasin game. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 33 |
44135 | Yucca glauca Nutt. 4230 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 33 | Drug 2 | Dermatological Aid 8 | Roots used to wash hair. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 33 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );