uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
174 rows where species = 580 sorted by id descending
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id ▲ | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
7314 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Winnebago 280 | g19 17 | 116 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Papery bark chewed to a pulp and used for popgun wads. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 116 |
7313 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Wet'suwet'en 278 | g92 166 | 154 | Other 3 | Lighting 145 | Used to make torches. | Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154 |
7312 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Wet'suwet'en 278 | g92 166 | 154 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used to make containers and waterproof wrappings. | Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154 |
7311 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 189 | Other 3 | Paper 143 | Bark used for paper and cards. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 189 |
7310 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 189 | Other 3 | Decorations 38 | Bark used for decorations. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 189 |
7309 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 189 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Tough, waterproof bark used as a material for wrapping food. The bark was particularly important in the storage of food. It could be stripped off in fall when it was quite papery and could be split into thin sheets. These were weighted down with rocks to flatten them and then used to line the bottoms of berry baskets to keep the baskets from getting stained. The bark was also placed between layers of dried salmon in storage and used in the storage of cooked roots such as lily corms. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 189 |
7308 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 189 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Tough, waterproof bark used as a material for lining storage caches. The bark was particularly important in the storage of food. It could be stripped off in fall when it was quite papery and could be split into thin sheets. These were weighted down with rocks to flatten them and then used to line the bottoms of berry baskets to keep the baskets from getting stained. The bark was also placed between layers of dried salmon in storage and used in the storage of cooked roots such as lily corms. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 189 |
7307 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 189 | Fiber 4 | Furniture 109 | Tough, waterproof bark used as material for cradles. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 189 |
7306 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 189 | Fiber 4 | Canoe Material 70 | Tough, waterproof bark used as material for canoes. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 189 |
7305 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 189 | Fiber 4 | Building Material 91 | Tough, waterproof bark used as material for walls and roofing. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 189 |
7304 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 189 | Fiber 4 | Basketry 43 | Tough, waterproof bark used as material for baskets. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 189 |
7303 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 189 | Drug 2 | Cough Medicine 9 | Sap tapped from trees in early spring and taken for coughs. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 189 |
7302 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 189 | Drug 2 | Contraceptive 126 | Bark used for contraception. One informant recalled a case in which a woman in childbirth did not want any more children. An old woman told her to take the afterbirth, stick it with an old bone awl, wrap it in fishnet and then in a piece of birch bark and place it high up on a particular kind of tree. The patient was then given an infusion of bitter cherry or saskatoon wood and after that had no more children | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 189 |
7301 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 189 | Drug 2 | Cold Remedy 21 | Sap tapped from trees in early spring and taken for colds. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 189 |
7300 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 5 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make wedges. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
7299 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 5 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make wedges and tool handles. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
7298 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 5 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Wood used to make the bow of the fire drill. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
7297 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 5 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Bark made into broad rimmed hats used by young, menstruating girls to restrict their vision. The broad rimmed hats prevented them from looking where they were not supposed to. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
7296 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 5 | Other 3 | Musical Instrument 146 | Wood used to make drumss. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
7295 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 5 | Other 3 | Musical Instrument 146 | Wood used to make drums. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
7294 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 5 | Other 3 | Hunting & Fishing Item 28 | Wood used to make spears for hunting bears and bows for hunting both large and small game. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
7293 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 5 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Wood used for firewood. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
7292 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 5 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Black stem growth used as tinder for starting fires with a fire drill. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
7291 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 5 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Black colored stem growth used as tinder for kindling fires with a fire drill. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
7290 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 5 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make bowls and spoons. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
7289 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 5 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make bowls and spoons. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
7288 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 5 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Bark used to make containers for storing food, picking berries and cooking. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
7287 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 5 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used to make containers for storing food and picking berries. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
7286 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 5 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used as lining in storage pits. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
7285 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 5 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used as lining in food storage pits. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
7284 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 5 | Food 1 | Sap used for food. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 | |
7283 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 5 | Food 1 | Raw sap, sometimes mixed with fish grease, used for food. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 | |
7282 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 5 | Fiber 4 | Snow Gear 51 | Wood used to make snowshoes, toboggans, drums, bowls, spoons and wedges. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
7281 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 5 | Fiber 4 | Snow Gear 51 | Wood used to make bowls, spoons, wedges, tool handles, drums, toboggans and snowshoes. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
7280 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 5 | Fiber 4 | Furniture 109 | Bark used to make baby cradles. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
7279 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 5 | Fiber 4 | Clothing 73 | Bark used to make hats. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
7278 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 5 | Fiber 4 | Canoe Material 70 | Bark used to make canoes. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
7277 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 5 | Fiber 4 | Building Material 91 | Bark used in the construction of some buildings. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
7276 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 5 | Fiber 4 | Building Material 91 | Bark used as roofing material. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
7275 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 5 | Fiber 4 | Basketry 43 | Bark used to make containers for cooking. To cook in a birchbark basket, clean rocks were made very hot and then placed in water in the basket. This process was repeated until the cooking was completed. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
7274 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 5 | Fiber 4 | Basketry 43 | Bark used to make baskets. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
7273 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 5 | Drug 2 | Orthopedic Aid 39 | Bark used as casts for broken limbs. A soft material such as a cloth was placed next to the skin on the broken limb over which birchbark was wrapped and tied. The birchbark was then heated until it shrank to fit the limb. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
7272 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Shuswap 233 | palmer75 92 | 60 | Fiber 4 | Basketry 43 | Gray colored bark used to make baskets. | Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 60 |
7271 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Shuswap 233 | palmer75 92 | 60 | Drug 2 | Analgesic 6 | Plant used for pain. | Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 60 |
7270 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 112 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Bark used to make many of the household utensils, storage vessels and containers. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 112 |
7269 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 112 | Fiber 4 | Canoe Material 70 | Bark furnished the outside cover of the birch bark canoe. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 112 |
7268 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 112 | Fiber 4 | Building Material 91 | Bark furnished a waterproof cover for the top of the wigwam. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 112 |
7267 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ponca 205 | g19 17 | 116 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Papery bark chewed to a pulp and used for popgun wads. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 116 |
7266 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Pawnee 190 | g19 17 | 116 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Papery bark chewed to a pulp and used for popgun wads. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 116 |
7265 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Omaha 177 | g19 17 | 116 | Other 3 | Toys & Games 24 | Papery bark chewed to a pulp and used for popgun wads. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 116 |
7264 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 89 | Fiber 4 | Furniture 109 | Bark used to make cradles. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 89 |
7263 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 89 | Fiber 4 | Canoe Material 70 | Bark used to make canoes. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 89 |
7262 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 89 | Fiber 4 | Basketry 43 | Bark used to make baskets. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 89 |
7261 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 89 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Inner bark used to make a brown dye. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 89 |
7260 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 414 | Other 3 | Sacred Items 185 | The Ojibwe regard the bark as a distinct 'contribution from Winabojo.' | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 414 |
7259 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 414 | Other 3 | Sacred Items 185 | Paper birch and cedar form the two most sacred trees of the Ojibwe, both of which were very useful. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 414 |
7258 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 414 | Other 3 | Sacred Items 185 | No birch was gathered by the Ojibwe without due offering of tobacco to Winabojo & Grandmother Earth. Families made a pilgrimage to birch groves during the latter part of June and in July to gather their supply of birch bark, because it peels most easily at that time. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 414 |
7257 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 414 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Ojibwe claim that birch was never struck by lightning, hence offered a safe harbor in thunderstorms. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 414 |
7256 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 414 | Other 3 | Preservative 328 | Wood had the property of protecting articles stored in it from decay. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 414 |
7255 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 414 | Other 3 | Paper 143 | There were many layers of bark ranging from the thinnest paper to quite heavy pieces. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 414 |
7254 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 414 | Other 3 | Paper 143 | Records of medicine lodge rituals kept on its virgin surface. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 414 |
7253 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 413 | Other 3 | Paper 143 | Patterns for decorative art made upon the bark. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 413 |
7252 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 416 | Other 3 | Lighting 145 | Bark rolled into a handy, burn all night torch. The Ojibwe often used a torch of rolled birch bark in lieu of candles. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 416 |
7251 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 416 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | Scraps of bark used by women to kindle or light fires. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 416 |
7250 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 416 | Other 3 | Fuel 37 | After stripping a felled tree of its bark, it was salvaged for firewood. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 416 |
7249 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 416 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Nearly any kitchen utensil common to the white man, could be duplicated in birch bark by the Ojibwe. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 416 |
7248 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 416 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Bark used to make shallow trays for winnowing wild rice. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 416 |
7247 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 416 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Bark used to make funnels for pouring hot lard. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 416 |
7246 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | r28 8 | 241 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Bark used to make dishes. | Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 241 |
7245 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 416 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Bark used to make all sorts of drying trays. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 416 |
7244 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | r28 8 | 241 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used to make storage containers, sap dishes, rice baskets, buckets, trays and winnowing dishes. | Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 241 |
7243 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | r28 8 | 241 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used to make small vessels, pails and trays. | Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 241 |
7242 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | r28 8 | 241 | Other 3 | Ceremonial Items 30 | Bark placed on the coffins when burying the dead. | Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 241 |
7241 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 416 | Food 1 | Preservative 83 | Birch bark keeps the food stored in it from spoiling. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 416 |
7240 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 414 | Fiber 4 | Canoe Material 70 | Heavy pieces of bark used to make very durable canoes. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 414 |
7239 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | r28 8 | 241 | Fiber 4 | Canoe Material 70 | Bark used to make birch bark canoes. | Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 241 |
7238 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 413 | Fiber 4 | Canoe Material 70 | Bark used for canoes. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 413 |
7237 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 416 | Fiber 4 | Building Material 91 | Sheets of bark sewn together, made into rolls and used as waterproof roofing for wigwams. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 416 |
7236 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | r28 8 | 241 | Fiber 4 | Building Material 91 | Bark used to build dwellings and lodges. | Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 241 |
7235 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 413 | Fiber 4 | Building Material 91 | Bark used for wigwam coverings. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 413 |
7234 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 416 | Fiber 4 | Basketry 43 | Baskets made for gathering and storing berries, maple sugar, dried fish, meat or any food. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 416 |
7233 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 413 | Fiber 4 | Basketry 43 | Bark used for buckets and baskets. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 413 |
7232 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 416 | Fiber 4 | Basketry 43 | Bark stripped and used to make emergency trays or buckets in the woods. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 416 |
7231 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 425 | Dye 5 | Red 136 | Innermost bark boiled to extract a reddish dye. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 425 |
7230 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 358 | Drug 2 | Gastrointestinal Aid 14 | Compound decoction of root bark taken to alleviate stomach cramps. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 358 |
7229 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | r28 8 | 231 | Drug 2 | Blood Medicine 11 | Decoction of bark taken for internal blood diseases. | Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 231 |
7228 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 358 | Drug 2 | Analgesic 6 | Root bark cooked with maple sugar as syrup for stomach cramps. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 358 |
7227 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 358 | Drug 2 | Adjuvant 149 | Root used as a seasoner for medicines. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 358 |
7226 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 8 | Fiber 4 | Canoe Material 70 | Bark used to make canoes. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 8 |
7225 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Montagnais 150 | s17 103 | 313 | Food 1 | Dietary Aid 19 | Inner bark grated and eaten to benefit the diet. | Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 313 |
7224 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Micmac 141 | sd51 182 | 258 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Bark used to make dishes and cooking utensils. | Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258 |
7223 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Micmac 141 | sd51 182 | 258 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used to make boxes, coffins and other containers. | Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258 |
7222 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Micmac 141 | r48 188 | 56 | Fiber 4 | Canoe Material 70 | Bark used to make canoes. | Rousseau, Jacques, 1948, Ethnobotanique Et Ethnozoologie Gaspesiennes, Archives de Folklore 3:51-64, page 56 |
7221 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Micmac 141 | sd51 182 | 258 | Fiber 4 | Building Material 91 | Bark used to make house coverings. | Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258 |
7220 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Micmac 141 | sd51 182 | 258 | Fiber 4 | Basketry 43 | Bark used to make baskets. | Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258 |
7219 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Meskwaki 139 | smith28 21 | 267 | Fiber 4 | Canoe Material 70 | Paper birch used to make canoes. | Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 267 |
7218 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Meskwaki 139 | smith28 21 | 267 | Fiber 4 | Building Material 91 | Bark strips used as the waterproof, top coverings of wigwams. | Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 267 |
7217 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Menominee 138 | d32 176 | 131 | Drug 2 | Tonic 69 | Decoction of branch tips used as a tonic. | Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 131 |
7216 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Menominee 138 | d32 176 | 131 | Drug 2 | Antidiarrheal 68 | Decoction of inner bark used for dysentery. | Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 131 |
7215 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Malecite 134 | sd52 78 | 6 | Other 3 | Containers 32 | Bark used for boxes and other containers. | Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1952, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Malecite Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 42:1-7, page 6 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );