uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
59 rows where species = 4084
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id ▼ | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource |
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42246 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Alaska Native 4 | h53 132 | 103 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruit cooked and used for food. | Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 103 |
42247 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Alaska Native 4 | h53 132 | 103 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruit eaten raw. | Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 103 |
42248 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Algonquin, Quebec 7 | b80 67 | 105 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries used for food. | Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 105 |
42249 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Algonquin, Tete-de-Boule 8 | ray45 113 | 134 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruits eaten for food. | Raymond, Marcel., 1945, Notes Ethnobotaniques Sur Les Tete-De-Boule De Manouan, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:113-134, page 134 |
42250 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Anticosti 9 | r46 150 | 68 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fruits stored for winter use. | Rousseau, Jacques, 1946, Notes Sur L'ethnobotanique D'anticosti, Archives de Folklore 1:60-71, page 68 |
42251 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Clallam 41 | f80 99 | 200 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves used to make tea. | Fleisher, Mark S., 1980, The Ethnobotany of the Clallam Indians of Western Washington, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 14(2):192-210, page 200 |
42252 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Cree, Woodlands 58 | l85 47 | 47 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries stewed and eaten with smoked fish. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 47 |
42253 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Cree, Woodlands 58 | l85 47 | 47 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries stewed and eaten with smoked fish. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 47 |
42254 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Cree, Woodlands 58 | l85 47 | 47 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fresh berries used for food. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 47 |
42255 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Cree, Woodlands 58 | l85 47 | 47 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fresh berries used for food. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 47 |
42256 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Cree, Woodlands 58 | l85 47 | 47 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries picked in the fall and stored outside in birch bark containers for winter use. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 47 |
42257 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Cree, Woodlands 58 | l85 47 | 47 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries stored outside during winter. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 47 |
42258 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Cree, Woodlands 58 | l85 47 | 47 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries stored outside during winter. | Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 47 |
42259 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Eskimo, Alaska 67 | aa80 152 | 37 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries eaten occasionally, but not considered an important food source. | Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 37 |
42260 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Eskimo, Inupiat 72 | j83 54 | 104 | Food 1 | Dessert 41 | Berries whipped with frozen fish eggs and eaten as a frozen dessert. | Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska. Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 104 |
42261 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Eskimo, Inupiat 72 | j83 54 | 104 | Food 1 | Dessert 41 | Raw berries mashed with canned milk and seal oil into a dessert. | Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska. Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 104 |
42262 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Eskimo, Inupiat 72 | j83 54 | 104 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries cooked with fish eggs, fish (whitefish, sheefish or pike), blubber and eaten. | Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska. Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 104 |
42263 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Eskimo, Inupiat 72 | j83 54 | 104 | Food 1 | Pie & Pudding 88 | Berries boiled with sugar, water and flour into a pudding. | Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska. Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 104 |
42264 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Eskimo, Inupiat 72 | j83 54 | 104 | Food 1 | Sauce & Relish 7 | Berries boiled with dried fruit & eaten with meat or used as topping for ice cream, yogurt or cake. | Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska. Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 104 |
42265 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Eskimo, Inupiat 72 | j83 54 | 104 | Food 1 | Sauce & Relish 7 | Berries boiled with sugar, water and flour and eaten with meats. | Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska. Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 104 |
42266 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Eskimo, Inupiat 72 | j83 54 | 104 | Food 1 | Sauce & Relish 7 | Berries boiled with sugar, water and flour into a topping for hotcakes or bread. | Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska. Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 104 |
42267 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Eskimo, Inupiat 72 | j83 54 | 104 | Food 1 | Sauce & Relish 7 | Whole or mashed berries used cooked or raw, whipped with fat and made into a sauce. | Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska. Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 104 |
42268 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Eskimo, Inupiat 72 | j83 54 | 104 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries boiled, cooled, blackberries or blueberries added and stored for winter use. | Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska. Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 104 |
42269 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 247 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries boiled and stored in barrels of oolichan grease for winter use. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 247 |
42270 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 67 | Food 1 | Forage 5 | Berries eaten by geese. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 67 |
42271 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 67 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Raw berries, without sugar, eaten with oil. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 67 |
42272 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 67 | Food 1 | Preserves 1 | Berries made into jam. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 67 |
42273 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 67 | Food 1 | Preserves 1 | Berries stored with water in jars. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 67 |
42274 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Iroquois 100 | w16 112 | 128 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128 |
42275 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Iroquois 100 | w16 112 | 128 | Food 1 | Dried Food 4 | Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128 |
42276 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Iroquois 100 | w16 112 | 128 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Dried fruit taken as a hunting food. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128 |
42277 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Iroquois 100 | w16 112 | 128 | Food 1 | Sauce & Relish 7 | Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128 |
42278 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Kitasoo 112 | c93 14 | 336 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries used for food. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 336 |
42279 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Klallam 114 | g73 25 | 45 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries stored in boxes or baskets until soft and brown and used for food. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 45 |
42280 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Makah 133 | g73 25 | 45 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries stored in boxes or baskets until soft and brown and used for food. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 45 |
42281 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Makah 133 | g83 3 | 307 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruit eaten fresh. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 307 |
42282 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Makah 133 | g83 3 | 307 | Food 1 | Pie & Pudding 88 | Fruit used to make pies. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 307 |
42283 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Makah 133 | g83 3 | 307 | Food 1 | Preserves 1 | Fruit used to make jam and jellies. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 307 |
42284 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Makah 133 | g83 3 | 307 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Fruit canned for future use. | Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 307 |
42285 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Menominee 138 | s23 51 | 65 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries sweetened with maple sugar and eaten. | Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 65 |
42286 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Mohegan 149 | t72 97 | 130 | Drug 2 | Plant used medicinally for unspecified purpose. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 130 | |
42287 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 109 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries formerly eaten in fall. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 109 |
42288 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 369 | Drug 2 | Antiemetic 103 | Infusion of plant taken by person with slight nausea. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 369 |
42289 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Ojibwa 173 | r28 8 | 238 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruit used for food. | Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 238 |
42290 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 401 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | This was an important wild food. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 401 |
42291 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Ojibwa 173 | r28 8 | 238 | Other 3 | Cash Crop 132 | Fruit sold by the bushels. | Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 238 |
42292 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 100 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries used for food. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 100 |
42293 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 99 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries sweetened with maple sugar and always used as an article of food. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 99 |
42294 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Quinault 210 | g73 25 | 45 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries stored in boxes or baskets until soft and brown and used for food. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 45 |
42295 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Salish, Coast 217 | tb71 23 | 83 | Food 1 | Dried Food 4 | Fruits dried and used for food. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 83 |
42296 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Salish, Coast 217 | tb71 23 | 83 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries eaten fresh. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 83 |
42297 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 10 | Food 1 | Frozen Food 66 | Berries frozen for future use. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 10 |
42298 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 10 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries boiled with sugar and flour to thicken. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 10 |
42299 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 10 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries eaten raw, plain or mixed raw with sugar, grease or the combination of the two. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 10 |
42300 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 10 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries fried in grease with sugar or dried fish eggs. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 10 |
42301 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 10 | Food 1 | Pie & Pudding 88 | Berries used to make pies. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 10 |
42302 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 10 | Food 1 | Preserves 1 | Berries used to make jam and jelly. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 10 |
42303 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Tanana, Upper 255 | k85 36 | 10 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries preserved alone or in grease and stored in a birchbark basket in an underground cache. | Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 10 |
42304 | Vaccinium oxycoccos L. 4084 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 221 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fresh fruit used for food. This fruit was not dried because it remained fresh for a long time and could be picked any time until winter. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 221 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );